23/10/2012 The One Show


23/10/2012

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Transcript


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Good evening. Thanks for joining us and welcome to the One Show with

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Alex Jones. And the lovely Jake Humphrey. Now given the events of

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the past few days, it's good timing to be joined by a man who embodies

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all that's good about broadcasting and the BBC. He's the only person

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to win BAFTAs for programmes in black and white, colour, HD and 3-D.

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This is amazing, this year he celebrates 60 years... 60 years?

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years on television. Please welcome the wonderful Sir David

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Attenborough. APPLAUSE

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It's very good to have you back. That's quite a rousing reception.

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60 years in broadcasting is quite remarkable. I'm sure you've seen

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and heard most things that the natural world has to offer, but

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have you ever heard a whale trying to talk to humans? Yes. Trying to

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talk to you? Well, the beluga which I know is what you're talking about,

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there's a place up in the Arctic where they come in in great numbers

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and they seem to be scraping themselves on the shingle. When

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they do, they're extremely vocal. You can hear them squeaking away.

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Whether they were actually speaking to me is a different thing. But

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they were certainly speaking and I heard a lot of them. This is a

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recording, apparently, of a beluga whale talking to its handlers.

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What did you say that sounded like? It sounds like my dad singing in

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the shower. What people have noticed is that the whale is

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"talking" in sill bulls. Do you buy into the fact that it would try to

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talk to its handlers. A lot of animals imitate human beings. They

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don't know what they're talking about, they don't understand, but

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they do. The whale doesn't use a lar ink as we do, it uses the

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breathing hole which it can manipulate to make these noises.

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The same way the bird has a different way of making noises. But

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they don't know what they're saying, but they imitate. Or maybe they do.

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Maybe they do, that is true. today's news has been dominated by

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the Jimmy Savile scandal. With reaction to last night's Panorama

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and the Director-General under fire in Westminster, we wanted to know

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what you think about how the BBC has responded. How has the Jimmy

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Savile affair affected your confidence and trust in the BBC?

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It's knocked it back quite a lot, because one minute you trusted them

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and one minute they're saying one thing and the next it's another

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thing. I suspect they've known what's been going on and have

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decided to hide it. It hasn't affected my perception of the BBC.

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He was out of order for what he done in the first place. I don't

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know why people are criticising the BBC. They're just saying about what

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he done. They made a grievous lack of judgment was present on all

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counts in this affair. But I don't feel that this tarnishes the BBC as

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a whole. The way that the BBC dropped a Newsnight programme, I

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thought was totally wrong. So there's a lot of covering up to be

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done just because he's a personality. To that extent, I

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think the BBC has got it wrong. only one person claims that they've

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been raped or assaulted and they're under age, there is a case to

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answer, in which case the BBC should have taken that on board and

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should, in fact, have allowed Newsnight to report the issues as

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they were. It should have gone further immediately to the police.

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Absolutely. As expected, some strong opinions there. We know that

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you think that enough has been said about Jimmy Savile. But would you

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agree that it's important now that the BBC work on restoring the

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audience's faith in the corporation. Of course. We know that you've

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worked for a time as the controller of programmes here at the BBC. Are

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the BBC doing enough? I'm leaving it to the BBC. When you leave your

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job, you leave the job. Fair enough. OK. Recently there's been little

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but bad news for energy customers. Bills are going up as are the

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chances of blackouts due to falling supply. A proposed new scheme in

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one of the country could hold the answer to both. But as Lucy

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explains, there's always a catch. With energy prices at a record high,

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it's not surprising everybody is talking about their bills. It's the

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time of year when the metre spins faster... Customers of Scottish and

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Southern Energy will be paying 9% more for their energy from today...

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So that energy companies have to give the lowest tar toif their

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customers. So how can we cut costs and meet Britain's increasing

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energy needs? One bright idea comes from the Isle of Wight. In return

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for slashing their fuel bills ordinary households could give up

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day-to-day control of their electrical appliances and opt for

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temporary power cuts. Using some very clever technology the user can

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remotely switch on and off appliances around the home that

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have been fitted with a special plug. Fire on, please. On a larger

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scale, this technology could allow a Seb tral computer to control over

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a whole community's household appliances to save both energy and

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money, but only with their consent. David Green is founder of the

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ecoisland project. Isn't this a bit Big Brother, somebody controlling

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your fridge from somewhere else is scary. That's an extreme example.

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We're looking for something less invasive. The lights may dim, maybe

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10%, the fridge might go off for a couple of minutes, never

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inconveniencing the household at all. Just how much are our

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favourite appliances draining our bank accounts? The average cost of

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running an electric kettle for a year is �24. To run a fridge

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freezer for a year costs around �62. And a TV, DVD and set top box cost

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around �67 a year to power. So how much money can you save?

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average fuel bill is in excess of about �500 a year. They'll be able

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to save up to �127 on their electricity based on that average

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consumption. Imagine us bringing down your bills by 24%. I can't

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think of anybody who wouldn't choose that. A recent report show

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that's saving electricity is far cheaper than creating more to meet

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growing demands. You think electricity reduction extremes are

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a no brainer? Absolutely. If we look at low-carbon supply it

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typically costs about �100 for megawatt power. Whereas reduction

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plans are only �30 per megawatt power. If you scale this up,

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Government reckons by 2030 we could save about 40% of our electricity.

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It would mean that we're reloosing the environmental impact. We'd have

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four power stations, reduce the number of pylons across the

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countryside. That would equate to �10 billion a year. It's a win/win.

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It saves money and has a lower environmental impact.

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Lucy is here. We'll keep an eye on that scheme. But for people who

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don't live in the Isle of Wight, what other options are there?

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main thick that -- thing that everybody is talking about is smart

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metering. We have been a bit dumb about the way we monitor

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electricity. We have estimated bills. Someone reads the metre.

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It's about making it more accessible. The thing that will be

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a feature, most homes by 2019 are smart metres, monitors to tell you

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how much power you are using in real time and what it is costing

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you. So that allows you flexibility and freedom, not just to turn off

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appliances which you maybe didn't know were on, but to do things like

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maybe use your washing machine at a time when electricity is at a lower

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price. So it might show you for example between 3pm and 4pm before

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peak load time you can get your energy much cheaper. So it would be

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really clever and revolutionise the way that we think about energy use

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in the home. That's the first thing. The other thing that we now have

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set up is are what we call feed-in tariffs. If you have solar panels,

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for example, you can sell excess energy back to the grid and make

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some money. Not as much money as you could originally make, but you

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can still sell it back. With that you can also use your appliances at

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different times. When the sun is out, you could do your washing for

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example. The other thing we talked about a few weeks ago is for the

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big stuff, boilers, cavity wall insulation, the stuff that makes

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your bill come down. What the Green Deal will do is a cash-back system

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where the cost is put onto your Energy Bill because everybody has

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electricity bills. All of those are brilliant, if it helps lower the

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amount of electricity we use and save people money. We all have busy

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lives. People just want to pay less for their power. Isn't the simplest

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thing for electricity companies and gas companies to say, this is the

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cheapest tariff for you? Yes, David Cameron came out with fighting talk

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last week when he said he would bring out a law to compel energy

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companies just to tell us what the cheapest tariff is. Actually, it is

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a bit more complicated than that. Energy commentators are saying that

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because that would limit competition, then actually that

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would commit us to price rises. So it is a very difficult thing.

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There's all these different things happening tkphroblly around energy,

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so it's too easy... It's not simple, is it? It's not. One expert from

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the University of Warwick said that would commit us to prices going up

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by 5% to 7%. We don't want that. What Ofgem are talking about is

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making billles fairer and simpler to understand, when we all want.

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Thank you very much. Sir David has a powerful new wildlife film out in

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the cinemas called The Penguin King 3D. It's set in a part of the world

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that may not have many lightbulbs, but the footage is simply electric.

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If our king lunges, he will expose his egg. And that is what the bird

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That was a particularly tense part of the film when he tries to go for

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the penguin eggs. The whole film is excellent. It basically shows the

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journey of a penguin from adolescence into adulthood. What

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else can we expect to see happening then? Well, it shows about, when a

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king penguin hatches he goes off to sea for several years. He feeds up

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and becomes mature. Then he comes back and has to establish himself

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with a nest site and with a mate on whatever territory it is. We shot

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that in South Georgia, which is a fabulous place. In many ways more

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fabulous than the Antarctic continent itself. It lies just off

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Antarctica, but it has secures, those birds you saw, -- skewers,

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those birds you saw, albatross, elephant seals and penguins,

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several sorts. It has a very mixed cast of characters. We follow a

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little trio of young penguins coming back as they find their way

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threw these complicated, heavily populated island to establish

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themselves, find a mate and prodouse a baby. It's a moving film.

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Had Alex in tears last night. did. Because I was watching it and

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it's like watching humans nearly, even though we don't want to

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humanise the pengwibz. I cried when the female was eaten by the killer

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whale. Then somebody suggest today wasn't just the one penguin I had

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been watching. Have you given away the ending? Sorry, no that's not

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quite the ending. The thing is that penguins all look identical. Of

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course they do. This is it. you're constructing a story like

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that, which is a story about all young penguins as they come back,

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obviously you will use this young penguin now, you might not even

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know tomorrow whether it's the same one that you saw yet. Why do you

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think penguins have become box office. My wife and I cried at

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March of the Penguins, my nephews love Happy Feet. They are very

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human looking, they are among the very few birds that stand upright

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on two legs and look as though they're wearing a dinner jacket,

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admittedly a beak, but they are very human looking. They're very

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entertaining. They're very, when you film them, you see, they don't

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give a damn. You can see it. They will gather around you and look at

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you "What are you doing?". If they get bored after a bit, they don't

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actually yawn, but you can see them say, "Well nothing much happening

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here then." And they push off. must be that amazing to be close to

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nature. That's within of the reasons we picked the story. If

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you're making films in 3-D, you only really see things in three

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dimension that's are quite close to you. You want to, it's no good

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trying it make a 3-D film about a timid creature 100 yards away,

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because you can't see it in 3-D. Only when it's close to you can you

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see it in 3dr. -- 3-D. You say you don't want to humanise the penguins,

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where is the line then? It's difficult to give them a story and

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not to humanise them. You mustn't humanise, at the same time, it

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would be equally absurd to suppose that penguins don't have emotions

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and that they don't have desires. Of course they do. You can see when

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a ping win is angry. You can see when a penguin is fightened. They

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are so expressive. They don't express that way, but you can see

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from their behaviour what they're doing. Of course, they do, they

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attack -- they are attacked by those skewers. They try to steal

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the babies. Though there are no facial expressions to a penguin,

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when a penguin comes back with a belly full of fish and looks for

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its furry baby in its furry coat and then greet -- thee greet one

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another, it's very touching. She'll be crying again, be careful.

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skewers are the enemies of the film. They are. The Penguin King 3D is in

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cinemas from tomorrow, including special careenings that include a

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live broadcast Q&A with Sir David. As we speak, the royal premiere of

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the new James Bond film is under way. As much as I'm loving being

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here, I'm a huge fan. I would love to be there with the likes of Judi

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Dench and there he is, James Bond himself. And the new Q., Ben

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Whishaw. Q who looks a bit like Harry Potter I think, designed the

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gadgets, like this. This is a watch that fires a tranquiliser dart.

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I'll demonstrate it on our very brave props man Dave. Come on, Dave.

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Take your position. LAUGHTER

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:17:22.:17:25.

Are you ready, Dave? Place yourself. APPLAUSE

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Oh, well. At least Matt will be back next week. Here's John

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Sergeant with the story of the real Q. I'm OK.

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MI6 has always been keen on gadgets, clever ways to outwit the enemy.

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Everyone knows that this is their present-day headquarters. In the

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past, even their buildings were hush hush. I'm hot on the heels of

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the real-life inspiration for the James Bond gadget inventor Q. My

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first stop the building that housed the MORI of supply in World War II.

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This is now one of the grandest office addresses in London, with a

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fantastic view, stretching from the MI6 building, past the Houses of

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Parliament, then along the river right out towards the City. It's

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not surprising that during the war, Winston Churchill came here to

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observe the effects of the air raids. Meanwhile several floors

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lower down, some of the most secret inventions of the war took shape.

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Today, this corridor bears little trace of the clothing and textiles

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department and even less of one particular office which was a front

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for the real Q's lab. But this is where Charles Fraser Smith worked

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on behalf of His Majesty's Secret Service. Fraser Smith specialised

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in inventing spy gadgetery. He called them Q gadgets. His work was

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well known to the Bond author. was one of my father's customers

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for gadgets because he was working in naval intelligence. Brian Fraser

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Smith, Charles' son only learned the truth about his father's role

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35 years after the war ended. of us knew anything about it until

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1978, even my mum hadn't really got a clue what he had been up to.

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Brian was surprised, then impressed, and he has spent much of his life

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uncovering examples of his father's work. At buelly in Hampshire

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there's Britain's largest collection of Q's gadgets, many

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hide maps and compasses to be used by spies and escaping prisoners of

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war. You can escape through occupied territory. That's

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brilliant. Even an ordinary looking match could hide a secret. It's not

:19:56.:20:00.

quite an ordinary match. Up the inside of it is a needle which has

:20:00.:20:04.

been mag necessity tiesed. If you drop that into water, it will tell

:20:04.:20:10.

you the north and south and general directions. And you're away. The

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real Q's gadgets all looked completely innocent from a domino

:20:14.:20:18.

hiding a secret message, to a shoe lace which can be turned into a

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vicious gar ot. Pull it backwards and forward and it sawed through

:20:26.:20:30.

the head. Did he ever give you anything resem bling his war work?

:20:30.:20:36.

The only thing I got was a pipe. Inside this mouth piece end you can

:20:36.:20:40.

see there's a gap, so you wrap around a map or a piece of paper

:20:40.:20:45.

for writing information down on. It's smoked perfectly well as an

:20:45.:20:50.

ordinary pipe. Amazing. Even to this day, some British spies rely

:20:50.:20:55.

on outlandish gadgets. As recently as 2006, acts were caught red

:20:55.:21:00.

handed in Russia using a device cunningly disguised as a rock. Who

:21:01.:21:05.

knows what else today's Q might dream up? Can I can get some ideas

:21:05.:21:09.

from a specialist shop that sells all things spy. Hello. You have

:21:09.:21:14.

lots of good things here. What have you got for me? I'm going to show

:21:14.:21:19.

you some very special glasses. These look like ordinary glasses.

:21:19.:21:22.

They do. That's how they should look. In the bridge of the nose

:21:22.:21:28.

there is a miniature video camera. You can film covertly. That sounds

:21:28.:21:33.

very good. I'm going to try them out. Good luck. Charles Fraser

:21:33.:21:41.

Smith died in 1992. But his legacy continues to this day. Well, I've

:21:41.:21:51.
:21:51.:21:52.

got the gear. I think even the real Q might be impressed. After all,

:21:52.:22:00.

you do only live once. Very good. And who needs Daniel

:22:00.:22:06.

Craig when you have John Sergeant. Exactly. And wasn't that, it was

:22:06.:22:09.

like Victoria Beckham in the shop. Do you fancy being a spy? Apart

:22:09.:22:13.

from sitting on the sofa, that's what I'd most like to do. That

:22:13.:22:17.

dream could be reality. With us now we have the BBC's Security

:22:17.:22:21.

Correspondent, the man who spies on the spies for us Gordon Corera. We

:22:21.:22:25.

love James Bond, Spooks, we love spies in this country. Now people

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can leave school and become one. That's right. If you're a budding

:22:29.:22:33.

James Bond, this is your chance. In the last week the Government's

:22:33.:22:37.

launched the cyberapprenticeship scheme, the chance to get your

:22:37.:22:43.

hands on the latest spy equipment. David likes the sound of this

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They're after really 18-year-olds comfortable with computer gaming,

:22:47.:22:51.

with social networks and who will be at home with all this late eest

:22:51.:22:54.

technology. No longer after, if you like, just university graduates,

:22:54.:22:58.

but a wider group of people who would be able to deal with these

:22:58.:23:03.

skills. They will get a chance to work with some of the intelligence

:23:03.:23:08.

agencies. I think David is up for it. I should imagine the Russians

:23:08.:23:12.

will come and recruit if we are promising people. They might be

:23:12.:23:16.

after our as well. It's a competition. Compared to MI5 and

:23:16.:23:22.

MI6, we don't know a lot about GCHQ, but you had a tour, what did you

:23:22.:23:26.

find out? I had a chance to go there a couple of years ago for BBC

:23:26.:23:30.

Radio. They wouldn't let the TV cameras in. Once you're through the

:23:30.:23:33.

layers of security. It's very open, full of people bustling around.

:23:33.:23:38.

Doub in the basement there are rows and rows of super computers buzzing

:23:38.:23:43.

and whirring away, endlessly. One thing was that some people were a

:23:43.:23:47.

little bit uncomfortable with having journalists in the building.

:23:47.:23:51.

There were signs "Please keep your conversations to unclassified."

:23:51.:23:56.

There was a tan yoi announcement, "Please lower the blinds on your

:23:56.:24:02.

office windows because we have a BBC journalist wondering the

:24:02.:24:09.

building." Very exciting about the apprenticeships. Mark and Miranda

:24:09.:24:14.

have been doing surveillance of their own, staking out back gardens

:24:14.:24:23.

in Gloucestershire. Tonight it's The Fly Who Loved Me and Casino

:24:23.:24:30.

Squirale. Whilst lots of wildlife is tricky

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to film, there's one species being spotted a little too often. Grandpa

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Alan at number 54 is particularly unimpressed with grey squirrels.

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You're not such a big fan, why? Because they eat all the food up, I

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put out for the birds. To combat them Alan has bought a wide range

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of squirrel-proof devices. The idea is the squirrel jumps on there and

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that goes down and throws him off. What about this? The idea is that

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if, even four birds sat on there, their weight is so small that they

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can eat that. If a squirrel gets on it, it goes down. But the crafty

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squirrels have found that if they get one claw through the mesh, they

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can put their nose through there and eat the food. What would you

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interesting to find out is if it's one particularly clever squirrel or

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whether you do have an army of different individuals who have

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learned tricks of how to outwit your feeders. I don't know. We'll

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esee what we can do for you. Thank you very much. Let's have a go.

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Time to leave our camera on squirrel stake out for as long as

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it takes. Down the road I find myself at

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number 52 in a bizarre filming position, crammed into the side

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alley with owner FINA, a cameraman and a frog in a bucket. How come

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you've got a frog in a bucket? had some lily pads given to us but

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didn't have the pond ready to put them in, hence the bucket. Somehow

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you got a resident move in? Yes. That's why the frog's here. But why

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are we here? Using a slow motion camera I want to show Fiona how

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amazing her frog is at catching amazing her frog is at catching

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flies. I have a dead one from her conservatory and plenty of time,

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which is plenty of -- just as well, as we've been here for two hours.

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Fiona leaves to make a cup of tea and typically, just as she does...

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Got it. Thanks to your frog in your bucket, we've actually caught

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something on camera that I've never seen before. Watch this. Bang!

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That's wonderful. Its eyes sink into its head because it can't

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swallow. It depresss the eye balls into its skull and that helps push

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the food down. It spits out the stick and push it's away. The

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tongue basically unfolds and it's super sticky, sticks the fly, grab

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it's and folds it back in. Do you think we'll get it? No, no.

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didn't either. ( Back at Alan's filming his

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squirrels have been an awful lot easier. But who have we caught on

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camera? Let's play this for you. There's one up there. It turns out

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there are four suspects. There's the shifty one, who hangs back

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along the fence. We never filmed him on the feeders. There are these

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two youngsters, you can tell they're young aas they have thin

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tails. They're not the culprits. They spend their time fighting over

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nuts on the ground. But then, there's number four. This is the

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one that's managing to get through your squirrel-proof bird feeder.

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Most of his weight is on the track and balancing. He's not pulling

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that wire mesh over. Yes one claw in the mesh. Absolutely. How clever

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is that? You want to identify him. He has much redder paws, redder

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hands than the others. We will call him Red Hand. And he was caught red

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handed on your feeder. To help defeat red hands I've brought Alan

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a range of squirrel proof feeders to rotate every week. That way, red

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hands won't have long enough to work them out. The youngsters won't

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have long enough to copy him. There you go. Have those. Very kind of

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you. Red hand look out for him now. you. Red hand look out for him now.

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I'll arrest him. Sneaky squirrel. More spying in the gardens tomorrow.

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Hopefully a less cheesey introduction. That's what you say

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now. Before we go, we had a look at some photos from your 60 year

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archive. We did notice that you have the exact same hair cut in all

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of them. I've had it cut once, twice since then. Did you do

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anything drastic? Yes, look at it. It looks great. You still have the

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