29/03/2012 The One Show

Welcome to the programme. Tonight, a comedian, writer and birdwatcher

who has given all of that up for a while to spend some time in the pub.

And still managed to get paid for it, it is Rory McGrath. That's the

biggest crowd I have ever played to. Some would say this is like a dream

job, your new series is just an excuse for a massive pub crawl.

because we are stuck in one pub for five days. No, it is great, I have

enjoyed it more than any other programme, apart from this one,

obviously. It seems that at the moment, every politician is keen to

be seen with a pasty. You're a Cornish boy. I am, and I have very

strong opinions on pasties. As long as there are no carrots in it.

Cornish pasties, and there is only one pasty, has no carrots. Here we

go, then, try one of them. I can tell you, for a start, the rage

should be down the side, they're not big enough. They're really hard

to please. Oh, there's a! They do look a bit moist inside. I cannot

go to Cornwall again after eating that. While politicians fall over

themselves to declare their love for the pasty, we wanted to give

you your own photo opportunity. if you want the country to know

about your particular pasties, send us a photograph. We don't mind if

it is not Cornish, any kind of pasty will do. There is only one

kind. Now,, with worries over a possible fuel strike, there have

been mixed messages over whether or not we should be storing fuel at

home. The increase in prices has been making fuel stores an

attractive target for thieves. The countryside - fresh air, a perfect

place to get away from it all, especially in the spring. But if

you look beyond these priceless views, it comes with a costly

problem, rural crime. Surprisingly, one of the most sourced after

things which these are looking for out here is this, fuel. James from

Norfolk was a victim of rural crime earlier this year. I had had 500

litres of oil delivered a couple of weeks before, it usually lasts

about three months. It got to about 10 o'clock at night, and radios

just went off. I thought the boiler had broken, so I called the

engineer. -- the radiators. It turned out, somebody had come a

long and taken all the oil. It is very frustrating, because you do

not know what has happened until the heating stops working, and it

is hundreds of pounds that I cannot afford. More than 1.5 million

people, mostly in rural areas, use oil to heat their homes. With

prices are rocketing, it is a prime target for thieves. Thefts in the

first six months of 2011 were more than double that of the year before.

But thieves are targeting not just homes. This man works in a haulage

business, and they have plenty of diesel guzzling machines. I had a

combine harvester similar to this, and somebody helped themselves to

800 litres of my diesel, which would be �560. What we you do to

stop this happening again? I used to leave them out in the field, but

now I have to take them back to the farmyard every night. How does it

make you feel? It is annoying, but I cannot see what choice I have got.

He estimates that having to return his vehicles to the yard every

night will cost him thousands of pounds extra every year. Red diesel

is subject to a lower rate of tax, and farmers and building

contractors are legally allowed to use it, and it is often kept onside.

The difference between them red diesel which was stolen from the

combine harvester and that which you would buy at the pump, apart

from the colour, is that it is considerably cheaper, and this is

illegal for you to put in your car. But these fuels have all got a

value. The police told us that the people stealing it are either using

it themselves or selling it on for a tidy profit. This man is an ex-

policeman, and he helped set up one of the first farm watch groups in

the country, which shares information among members on rural

crime. A bigger problem is rural crime? We have been established for

16 years, and we have never known it quite so bad. Really, fuel and

metal theft now is the worst crime. What are your members telling you

about? Turning up on the farm and finding out that your tank has been

emptied, or a piece of equipment has disappeared. In the olden days,

we used to advise people to put a piece of machinery in the gateway.

Now, we do not advise that, because when they come back, it has gone.

James has a mixed farm and fishing venture in Cambridgeshire. After

being targeted by criminals, he has moved his 6,000 litre fuel tank

into an alarmed barn, and fitted several cameras. How many cameras

have you got? We have got one there, one there, looking the other way,

and then we have got another one on the corner. That one takes car

registrations. Why are you doing all of this? We have got thousands

of pounds' worth of fuel, tools and equipment which we need to protect,

and we are concerned about it being stolen. Does it seem to be working?

Yes, we have had no problems since we have installed all of this.

is likely to be something which criminals continue to target in the

future. It makes you think, we have got fuel tanks at home. Food for

thought. We saw James and Charlie having to lock their vehicles, but

are there any other ways that people can protect themselves?

is going to be really difficult, out in rural areas. You can put

locks on petrol caps, to make it difficult to get into. That might

not be an effective deterrent, we have heard stories of people just

drilling through the tax. If I wanted to steal some fuel, what is

the best way to go about it? Well, keep an eye out, one thing we were

told to look out for, geese, dogs, old-fashioned, they will make a

noise and chase things away. Or very high-tech, you can have infra-

red beams across the front of your property. This is a sonic sensor,

which sits on the top of the fuel tank, and if the fuel were to drop

suddenly, it will send a text message to your phone. The other

thing you can do is to make sure you're insured, not all rural

insurance covers fuel for raft. the moment, the fuel strikes are

also in the news. What is the latest? The very latest is that

potentially there is some good news. ACAS, the industrial mediators,

have said this afternoon that they have been in contact with the

unions and with the contractors, and they are taking information

about their grievances, which they hope to digest by Monday. And they

hope that substantive discussions to avert a possible strike could

begin shortly after that. That is quite good news, because the

strikers have to give seven days' notice for any industrial action,

which means, if those talks to begin, then it will be another

seven days, so it would be very unlikely that any action would hit

the bank holiday weekend. But it is still up in the air, so the

Government has to make contingencies, they're training 80

RAF drivers at the moment, to keep essential services, emergency

services, going. I spoke to the Department of Energy and Climate

Change, and the latest advice for domestic car users is not to change

your behaviour very much. If you're going to fill up your tank, maybe

fillet up all the way instead of half a tank, but not to change very

much. I must say, fuel prices do not really affect me, because I

only ever put a tenner's worth in. I am with you on that one. So far,

Balloon Week has seem our balloon gliding over Gloucestershire. But

tonight, it is the turn of Dick Strawbridge to try to squeeze his

mighty moustache into the basket. Shipping used to be the only way to

move international Cogger. Hundreds of years ago, it was so important

to trade and transport that it was not just coastal towns and cities

which had busy dockyards and ports. They also sat on major rivers, like

Liverpool, London and Bristol. Bristol was one of Britain's

greatest ports, but now, there's no cargo being offloaded here, so what

happened? The answer lies with the River Avon, whose silty water has

the largest tidal range in the whole of Europe. The difference

between high and low can be as much as 40ft. It had its advantages, a

ship coming up could be carried in with the tide, but it could then be

left high and dry. This was dangerous for ships, and if nothing

was done, Bristol would lose its position as a major port. In 1802,

William Jessop came up with a solution, using Kamel technology to

tame the tidal waters. Blocks were built at either end of the River

Avon, as it flowed through the city, and between them, they held more

than 30 hectares of water at a safe level, regardless of the tide. But

there was one thing he had not banked on, silt. To show you why

this was such a big problem, I have this was such a big problem, I have

got an experiment here. Jessop's design had four sluices to let

water out of the harbour. We have got three sluices at the top which

keep the water at the right level on a daily basis, and then the one

at the bottom, the plug, basically. When we pour the water in, the

water comes into the harbour, and out over the top comes quite clean

water, with silt building up at the bottom. This was a new problem,

because the silt started building up so much that it threatened to

ground ships when they were in the harbour, potentially making just

a's creation all but useless. It took the mind of one of Britain's

greatest engineers to solve this problem. Isambard Kingdom Brunel

saved the day, by using the design in a different way. His clever idea

was that instead of just using this loose at the bottom as a plug, why

not use it as a way of taking the sold out as well? By pulling this

out, there we go, it is not just the clean water, all the silt is

coming out, too. This method is still effectively being used today,

only now, it is computerised. There's only one way to really

appreciate the enormity of this whole engineering project. From the

air, in the One Show Balloon. Joining me is a Bristol Harbour

historian. Ready? Let's go. From the air, you can see one set of

locks, the barrier between the tidal river and Bristol's harbour,

which is being kept at a constant depth. Great view up here.

Absolutely brilliant, isn't it? The low-tide perfectly illustrates the

importance of building the harbour. For much of the time, the river was

impossible to ships. On the left is Bristol's harbour, which follows

the same course at the River Avon used to. On the right is the new

cut, which was dug by hand to divert the tidal water around the

harbour. It was a magnificent and highly ambitious piece of civil

engineering for its time. At all this effort was too late. The irony

was that Brunel had saved the harbour, but it was also his

designs for larger ships, like the SS Great Britain, which accelerated

its ultimate decline. Another port stole the lead, Liverpool. Bristol

gradually dwindled away, showing once and for all That Time and tide

Thank you very much, Dick. Rory, you were reminiscing there? Yes, I

did it in Burgundy it was beautiful. And now we have another dig, a Pub

Dig? Yes, it is not really about alcoholism, by the way.

Why pubs? Pubs are interesting buildings. They are all historical.

In the Middle Ages, the pub was the focus for the community. The

village was a church and a pub and the residents, the shacks and

stuffs. So things happened in pubs, they plotted in pubs, they did

their business in pubs. They are an interesting focus of the community.

You have four archaeologists and you basically dig them up? We dig

them up in the car park or the beer garden and see what we can find.

What do the reing ler lars thinking? This is -- what do the

regulars think? This is. The pub door was too narrow. We had

to take the door off and go in through the lounge.

Was there no side gate? No it was too narrow. We drove it through.

7.00Am in the morning, that is the way to get into the pub.

Was it worth it? Yes, that is the Smugglers. It is where the

smugglers used to hang out, but not then, obviously.

We found evidence of smuggling. In fact, the evidence we found was

good China tea cups. In those days, tea, you made more money from tea,

than gin or brandy. You found lots of stuff.

We also found smugglers' pooh! Still preserved.

And you nearly pulled off a bank hoist. Let's have a look at. This

So we have come down the roof of a cellar? It looks like it.

It could belong to one of the buildings? It could.

Let's ask a few people if they own a cellar with a slight hole in the

corner?! It is the Nationwide, this will be fun. We are about to tunnel

into the bank vault! Oh, dear, we may be breaking into a bank vault.

Somebody better tell Alan, before he strikes gold.

I can't believe you did not keep digging.

We went into the bank. They would not let us show the footage, as it

is showing the lay out of the bank. I said, "Excuse me, do you have a

cellar here "? They said yes. We asked what was in it, of course,

there was money. That was awkward. It turned out to be next door.

you do a bit of heavy lifting yourself? Oh, do I? You know, the

pint. Well, everywhere we go, we taste

the brew. It is quite a lot.

Well, to be fair, Matt, you have cut that together! There is a lot

of other arpblgologist -- archaeologists there! Pug dig

starts next Tuesday on Channel5. Now, the Queen today began her

Queen's Diamond Jubilee with a tour of East London. In time for

Kensington Palace, it has just finished a �12 million makeover.

Gyles Brandreth went for a poke around what is the home of the only

British Monarch to reign for 06 years. On a glorious spring day,

you can almost smell the expectations of the Queen's Diamond

Jubilee hanging in the air. So where better to spend the day on

the first day of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations than in

Kensington Palace? In the company of Queen Victoria, but I have come

back to where it all began for her A newly renovated Kensington Palace.

And who better to show me around, than a familiar The One Show face,

the chief curator, Lucy Wordesley. Now, what is the point of this

room? This is where Queen Victoria was born.

Right here? Exactly. Here are her little things, here on the carpet

reminds us that the earliest memory was crawling here.

Why was she living here at Kensington Palace? At that time,

Kensington Palace was a run down shackle home for minor members of

the Royal Family. It was not clear that Victoria would be the Queen in

the end, so that is why the money was a little short. Rather like our

Queen? Exactly the same thing. is the room in which her

Christianing took place. This is where she first met Prince

Albert. The love of her life. Now, Lucy? Lucy? This is where Victoria

was when their eyes first met. It is possibly Shakespearian!

was 16 years old at the time. She said he was extremely handsome with

a beautiful nose. Following the death of her uncle, William IV,

Victoria just 18 became the Queen. This is rather intimidating.

Yes, this is where the Queen made her first public appearance as the

Queen. It was a formal occasion as she was about to sign that she was

the Queen, she would uphold the Protestant Church.

And the shadows on the wall? They represent the nine members gathered

here. And this is the Privy Council? The

group of elders who thought that they ran the show? Yes, but they

did not realise what a powerful personality they were dealing with

in the form of Victoria. So in was the team. There were ups, downs,

wars, the empire, everything was happening, but reaching 60 years of

Victoria's reign, and as with the present Queen, everything comes

back together. There is a huge wave of support and affection, almost,

simply, for having just survived that long. Ten acres of green space

surrounding Kensington Palace have been trance formed as part of the -

- trance formed as part of the �12 million renovation. With the

removal of the ugly railings and fences we can see the garden much

as they would have been when our first jubilee Queen, Victoria,

gazed out on them. Gyles Brandreth looking very smart

at the home of Queen Victoria, the only other Monarch to reign as long

as our Queen Elizabeth II. Alex, can I say, you are looking far more

sexy than Gyles Brandreth. I love you more each minute.

As you are the king of the pubs, we have a little pub quiz for you. It

is time for "Name That Pub"! Yes it is "Name That Pub".

We are going to show you signs from the pubs around the UK. All you

have to do is guess the name of the pub by looking at the sign.

What do I win? Nothing. A pasty! A proper one. Are you ready? Yes.

you have to do is... "Name That Pub"! OK... That, I presume is The

Royal Oak. Very quick off the mark. It gets a

little trickier from here. Now, all you have to do is... "Name That

Pub"! I get the idea! That is The King's Headless? Not quite.

Good effort, but it is Duke Without A Head.

That is a tough one. Here comes the last one. I know you

will be gutted, it is the last one. All you have to do is... "Name That

Pub"! Is it the Old Mother Hubbard? Good one.

The Old Queen Hubbard? Getting close.

It is The Two Dogs? No! It is The Queen's Larder.

Of course it is. That, unfortunately is the end much "Name

That Pub"! What a good game. OK, a few weeks ago we followed the

incredible story of Sue, whose life was saved involving a procedure

draining the blood in her body. Sarah Jarvis continues the series

celebrating the work of our pioneering surgeons. Ken Williams

was looking forward to retirement after 50 years of hard work.

I joined the RAF at 16, straight from school. I was always fit. I

kept my weight down. Generally was very healthy. I played squash,

tennis, football. As each sport finished in my age group I went on

to the next one. The golf was the last one down the line. That is for

old men, so they say. But now, even golf leaves Ken

exhausted. His heart a failing rapidly. The first sign that

something was wrong came last autumn.

I started to get excessively tired. Doing the gardening. I knew there

was something wrong. I thought it was old age. The doctor said he

would give me a small MoT. I knew as soon as he started going over my

chest, that after that, after a few moves there was something wrong. He

said how long have I had a heart murmur. I said he was the first to

tell me of it. A valve, known as the mitral valve,

that leads to the pumping chamber of Ken's heart has sprung a leak.

Here is the valve it is broken in Ken's heart. The blood is flowing

from the left ventricle to the right ventricle. It is going the

wrong direction in the heart. These are remarkable images of

Ken's heart. Showing the strings that hold the valve in place, that

have become loose. At each beat, the blood is flooding back towards

his lungs. If we were not to operate on him,

the heart would dialliate, but he would reach a point it is so

dialliated it cannot squeeze and he develops heart failure and rapidly

deteriorates. Ken's heart disease is so severe he has had to abandon

all of the pasttimes that he once enjoyed.

It restricts everything that you do. The outdoor life. You know you

cannot push yourself further. Snoop -- Normalally, he is the one saying

come on. Let's go on further. It got worse.

When you retire you want to do the things that you you dreamed of, you

had the time, but then your body does not allow you to do it.

That is what happens on the surgery of another patient with a similar

condition. We use a saw to divide the breast

bone. This gaves wide access for the surgeon, but it is extremely

invasive for the patient. Something like that, it takes up to flee

months to recover. You cannot drive for six weeks, you cannot lift

anything more heavy than a bag of sugar for six weeks.

But Ken has been offered pine yearing keyhole procedure.

Ficting the heart with a tiny amount of surgery.

We are planning for a two-inch cut on the right-handside. This is

turning a three-month recovery period, that we saw earlier, into a

two-month recovery. We are nipping in and then using a

camera to guide the repair. -- sorry, a three week recovery.

When I knew that the recovery was three weeks, without opening me up

in a drastic fashion... It is the future of cardiac repair. It is

Ken's best hope of getting back quickly to a normal life.

I just want to be fit again. I want to be able to have my life back

again. I can't believe we left that story

there, but we will let you know how Ken gets on tomorrow's show.

Earlier, we asked for your pasty photos, we have lots in. Rory, can

you kick us off? This is Dan, who says that this is from red rhythm,

for Michelle. This is Oliver, he says that The

One Show is his favourite and he is allowed to stay up to watch it.

And this is Katie Russell. This is Dave, the miniature

schnauzer dog. And this is from Keith Howard,

pasties in Padstow. Perfect. Thank you for the pictures, this sums up