01/02/2017 100 Days

Hello and welcome to 100 Days, I'm Katty Kay in Washington.

Christian Fraser's in London where Parliament is about to

vote to start Britain's departure from the EU.

The bill is just 133 words long, Katty, but of huge importance.

It will formally hand power to the Prime Minister

an just in all the vote. -- for the vote.

We'll explain why they're so important.

When it comes to Brexit the UK has a big supporter in Donald Trump.

But not all the politicians are content to roll

Just what more does the president, Trump, have to do before

Here in Washington the president's battle with Democrats begins over

His battle with Democrats against right now over the appointment of

George Gorsuch. That would be an absolute shame if a man of this

quality was caught up in the web. Congress gets a warning -

the international order is under We speak to a former

US Defense Secretary It didn't seem real to me,

it didn't seem real. And the moment a US veteran gave

away his Purple Heart award Today we are keeping an eye

on the Supreme Court in Washington Here, Mr Trump's made his pick

for for a new Supreme Court justice. Here, Mr Trump's made his pick

for a new Supreme Court justice. You'll get to know him

because he could be We'll look at how he could change

American life in a moment. We are turning our attention to the

House of Commons, the lower house in Parliament. It's a historic vote

because it's the first one a Brexit bill. We expect this moment, this

amendment to be defeated, it was put forward by the SNP. The formal

powers to begin the negotiation, it's the second vote that we are

going to be looking at after this. It's difficult to amend and unpick

and they want to send it on as quickly as they can. The process

might be long, but the bill could be short.

Let's look at that other vote coming up here in the US.

We've talked about partisan fights in the Senate over

Donald Trump's cabinet picks - but they could be child's play

compared to the battle looming over his Supreme Court pick.

Yes, as Katty mentioned he is Neil Gorsuch from Denver.

The youngest Supreme Court nominee in 25 years.

And the President this morning warned Democrats against opposing

I think there's a certain dishonesty if they go against the vote from not

very long ago, and he did get a unanimous endorsement, and he can't

be bettered from an educational, from a constituent shall point of

view. I think it would be dishonest to go back on that, and if we end up

in the same gridlock, it could last longer than eight years. If you can,

then each, though nuclear, because that would be an absolute shame if a

man of this quality was caught up in the web, so I would say it's up to

Mitch but I would say go for it. Mitch go nuclear,"

President Trump is referring there to Mitch Mcconnell,

Republican Senate Majority leader, and by "go nuclear" we assume

he is advising Mcconnell to force a simple majority confirmation

vote if necessary. So a tough fight over

the confirmation looms, but what about the merits of the man

himself and how much impact could this new Justice

have on American life? Nine analytic people but they

arguably have more power than anyone in America. The Supreme Court can

fundamentally altered the country's political life for generations. Lie

today, I'm keeping another promise the American people by nominating

Judge Neil Gorsuch of the United States to the United States' supreme

court. This is what drove many voters to trump, the court had a

slim Conservative majority of 5-4, now if this appointment is confirmed

it will tilt right for potentially decades to come. Gorsuch is an

interesting choice, he is regulated -- recognised for his abilities. He

is recognise somebody who thinks deeply about questions thinks in a

very profound way. In 1857 in Scott versus Sanford, the court denied

citizenship to African-American slaves. The compromise are kept

peace between the north and south but paved the way for the civil war.

The court found that separating black-and-white students in public

schools was unconstitutional, this led to the civil rights movement.

And perhaps one of the most controversial decisions, road versus

Wade found that women have a constitutional right to an abortion.

Every year since that ruling, a march for life has been hailed by

anti-abortion activists. Even with this pro-life justice, the trump

court is very unlikely to make abortion illegal. Many Americans say

they don't want Roe v Wade overturned, but voting rights and

environmental protection could be changed in a more conservative

direction. We'll Gorsuch be confirmed? Also -- almost certainly,

it's difficult to stop a nomination, although Democrats say they will

fight it. I have very serious doubts that Gorsuch is up to the job. The

supreme court now rests in delicate balance. The stand-off will set the

scene for a highly partisan battle. To the current judges are in their

80s and could choose to retire during Donald Trump's presidency,

giving him the chance to tilt the court TV right.

Does he go home and high by his wife or go home worrying he'll be

demonised by half the country? That always happens under these

nominations. There probably isn't a top lawyer in the country who hasn't

imagined himself in no Supreme Court Justice robes. They make sure

they've gone through all of the hoops to get themselves on the

bench. It's what every lawyer dreams of doing that I expect he wasn't

totally surprised when he got that call from the president.

Neil Gorsuch isn't yet well known here - but former

He was on Capitol Hill today - warning President Trump not

Here's where it gets intriguing - Petraeus was interviewed by Trump

Mr Trump tweeted out that he was "very impressed" by him.

But I'm not sure the President will love what he heard just now.

There are Americans shouldn't take the international order for granted.

It didn't will itself into existence. We created it. It's not

sustaining, we've sustained it. When we stop doing so it will fray and

eventually collapse. With me now is the former US

Secretary of Defense, Chuck Hagel. Do you agree with that veiled

warning where we are in history where America had pulled back from

alliances and a system that has kept us from peace could unravel. I do.

And I think it's a serious reality that that exists. Especially when

we've seen what the new president, at least the direction the new

president has decided to go by his actions and words. The post World

War II era was built around coalitions of common interest, which

validated the clear, common interest of nations through alliances. These

are not new, but the wait was done after World War II was new, and that

has really sustained a world order that has benefited most of the

world, not all of the world, but also, world orders change and shift

and they must be relevant to the new challenges. You don't dismantle your

institution or Alliance in order to be more relevant. You adjust, adapt,

deal with it. That's what we need to do, not unwind and undo the

alliances. Trade was very much an anchor to those

alliances. We have heard about Iraq, General Flynn coming up with a very

tough comment on Iran. We have heard about Iran,

General Flynn coming up with a very What is going to be different about

this relationship with Iran. I can't speak for the trump administration,

but other than General Flynn, you have a senior White House staff who

has never really had any responsibility for national

security, or foreign policy, who's never really been involved in any

way, so that's a concern. Now, there are others who do understand it and

have had a lifetime of it. But the Iran piece is serious because of all

the things that we know, and it's a matter of handling the challenges.

I'm sure you hear concerns about where America is going from

diplomats you speak to. I think a lot of America's as allies, John

Kelly, Rex Tillotson, are they hoping this will be a steady hand on

the administration. Where do you think the balance of power lies in

this White House? The reality is in every White House, the power resides

in the White House. Make no mistake. It's not new. No secretary of

defence makes policy. You are an agent, an instrument of the

President's policy, and the national security adviser is in a very

powerful position because that is the Fountain of most national

security and foreign policy issues come through. I don't know about the

balance of power. We have to see how it plays out, and it'll whiz depends

on how much balance does that president

want? I have scribbled down what you said is at the beginning. You don't

dismantle an alliance to appear more relevant. Some people would say we

are doing that in the European Union. We can see the first result

of three boats has gone the way of the Government. 336 against 144.

That was the Scottish Nationalists been defeated as we expected. I want

to know what you think about this process. I'm guessing you would bow

to leave the European Union? -- would not have voted. I made sure I

never told another country what their best interests are. However

you've given me license to give my opinion, in my opinion, the British

have to sort this out. I don't think overall in any way you come at it

that it's good for the British people, for their stature, for their

Government, for all the things that are vital to the prosperity of the

UK. Obviously, there was a different outcome in the vote last year, but I

think the longer this plays out, and the more reality sets in as to what

the consequences of that vote were, I think it's clear that this could

be rather devastating to the UK and its people. Whether its trade,

financial institutions. Every aspect of their future is wrapped into the

reality that we all live, 7 billion, seem to be 9 billion, inadvisable

reality underpinned by a global economy. That's not going to change,

in fact it's going to get even more global. But we feel emboldened, the

Government feel emboldened because of Donald Trump's favouring towards

Brexit. What might it mean for European security? I think it would

be complete nonsense and I hope that that doesn't become a predominant

piece of thinking regarding the UK's national security. The US can only

do so much. Great powers have limitations, and the strength of

Nato for example, and the EU, with all its fragility is and flaws, is

clearly in the interest of each member state, and they are clearly

stronger together, as they engage and negotiate the big challenges

that are ahead. I don't buy that at all. Individual trait relationships

and negotiating individual trade deals, the logistics of what that

would mean for the United States, are you kidding me? We are going to

negotiate separate trade deals with each nation in Asia-Pacific and in

Europe? It's impossible to do. That world passed us by after World War

II. That's not the world we live in today. I think you've made your

opinions fairly clear to us! Interesting to hear those thoughts.

Let's go back to the House of Commons. Our international viewers

will be watching to see what's going on. They are going through the

lobbies at the back of the chair at the end of the hall. They get six or

seven minutes to go through and they had to physically walk three. It's a

very public vote. When you get into the room, unite with your mates from

the neighbouring constituency is whether against you. Then the whips

will count the votes and present them in a short while to the

speaker. They are on the second vote, the critical one which will

send the bill through the Parliamentary process.

Ben, it's extraordinary that although many MPs voted to remain,

they are following the wishes of their stitcher and then going

against their own feelings on this. That's right. Although those who

have been voting to go against the bill had constituencies that voted

to remain. Let's remind viewers what this is all about. Parliament are

getting this say because the Supreme Court, the highest court in the

land, last month, rolled in its judgment that Parliament had to be

the one to trigger Article 50 to begin the formal process of Britain

leaving the EU. They thought they could do this themselves, but the

Supreme Court says they have to do so. A couple of days of debate, lots

of speeches from MPs voted in favour and against will stop

Parliament is essentially tonight endorsing that referendum result.

It's expected the Government will get this bill through tonight which

means it will then go to the House Lords. That's only the really the

start of the Brexit process. Theresa May wants to trigger that by the end

of March. Then there's two years of negotiation. It's going to be a long

road. They are retaking their seats. We will go straight back to that

when we get a result. There will be high drama

with Brexit ministers weeping with joy and remain one slumped in their

chair. President Obama called

the German Chancellor Angela Merkel Donald Trump hasn't been

nearly as complimentary. In fact on Tuesday,

his trade adviser in his words - an "undervalued euro"

to exploit both its EU But Berlin and Washington have long

enjoyed strong ties. Before the Burlington wall brought

new hope of that very closeness -- Fifa Biba

I've been speaking to Jens Spahn - the Deputy Finance Minister -

a rising star in Angela Merkel's ruling CDU Party.

I asked him if he agreed with European Council President

Donald Tusk that the European project is now in real danger.

the United States has a specific change of order. After World War II,

the United States were like parents, some kind of, for Europe and the

European, but that might change. I think it shows we have to grow up.

We have to defend ourselves. Get more independent. Talk about a

defence union regarding foreign security policy. It might be a

chance to unite Europe. Donald Trump talks about fairness. He doesn't

like one-sided relationships, and Germany has a huge surplus with the

United States. Are you worried he's going to come after you? We have to

talk about it. Be very frank. When it comes to our surplus, we need to

be frank. I want to be clear to our American partners, it is different

if you have a deficit with China, state interventions in the market,

low wages, but with the European Union, very high wages, very

high-tech, and in Europe it's the market that decides, the consumer

decides. The head of the trade counsel in the US accused Germany of

currency manipulation. He believes that Germany is profiting from a

grossly undervalued euro. We fought for an independent central bank and

we are still fighting for it. We would have have faced lightly

different approach for interest rate. -- slightly. Trade is an

integral part of these alliances we have been talking about, but

clearly, there's lot of concern amongst America's allies about the

role that currency plays. Who would have thought the United States with

take on Germany in a currency- War type language and it certainly

unsettling. Donald Trump was talking about trade tariffs that would

really affect eight BMW factory in Mexico. They will have to do a lot

of work in the days and weeks ahead. You are watching 100 Days on BBC

News. Let's take a quick look at the House of Commons because we are

expecting the result of that vote. Let's talk to Ben, and a thing were

about to get a result? I think it's a fair bet to say that the

Government will win this pretty comfortably and that's MPs will vote

to push through this bill, which will ultimately trigger article 50.

This is just the first stage in Parliament. It has to go to the

committee stage next week, the upper chamber and then Theresa May wants

to trigger are to call 50, officially and informally. There are

three votes tonight. You are watching the inside of the house of

the Commons. The SNP had their bill defeated overwhelmingly by 236

votes. So that gives you an idea that the Government is pretty

comfortable here in the House of Commons. Some Labour MPs are voting

against triggering article 50. Some Liberal Democrats and the Scottish

Nationalists are voting against them. We reckon there will be a

couple of dozen Labour rebels who will vote against this bill, against

the 3- line whip of their party leader, Jeremy Corbin. Lots of

ceremony involved in this. These go back hundreds of years.

We will get that result in a minute or two. The Government has a big

majority in the House of Commons but not in the House of Lords. I think

the House of Lords have to be careful. They know that because they

are an unelected second chamber, and if they try to thwart the elected

chamber it could mean the end of the House of Lords altogether. They may

not like it, a lot of the Lords. But I think Theresa May

is pretty confident. It looks calm and civilised, and am wondering how

much tension and emotion there is below the surface, given how

divisive this vote was back in June. Or is that all being reconciled and

damp and down? No, there's been a lot of passion on both sides of the

debate. Dozens and dozens of MPs have been able to speak. There's

been some wonderful speeches. A great example of the British

Parliament at its best. Kenneth Clarke, great pro-European, he will

vote against this motion tonight. Against triggering article 50. He

says that leaving the European Union to make trade deals with other

countries around the world was like Alice in Wonderland. He gave his 20

minute speech without notes and was applauded at the end. He was very

passionate. The divisions of the referendum, the remain camped and

leave camp are still as extraordinary as they ever were. So,

what happens now, Ben, to all that emotion and elliptical feeling and

genuine sentiment on both sides of this, whether you are a remain

person who thinks Britain is on the wrong track and a leaf person who

wanted this to happen. After this has been 3-D vote and the country

gets on with the technicalities of the -- the vote and the country gets

on the technicalities, will there still be problems in the country?

The issue is that although people had their say in the referendum,

some of those who want to stay in the EU are saying, well, we are

leaving but on what terms? And is it right that just we let -- because we

leave that we leave the single market in the customs union? This

debate is focusing on the terms. A lot of those MPs who don't want us

to leave are determined to have a say on that and try and influence

that. This is why MPs at the end of the hall to year negotiation then

they will get a say in the final deal. Theresa May has promised that.

They will get a say on the deal she negotiates. And she says if they

don't like that Are we are just waiting for the

fourth teller, and he they are. That's just listen in. Order! Order!

The eyes to the right, 498. The noes to the left, 114.

CHEERING The ayes do the right, 498. The noes

to the left, 114. So, the eyes have it. The ayes have it. I unlock!

Programme motion to be moved formerly... The question is as on

the order paper. As many as are of the opinion, say "aye". To the

contrary, "no". Division! Clear the lobby. That is the division Bell

because they will go out for a third vote and that will be on the

timetable for the bill, how quickly it goes through the parliamentary

process and remember that Theresa May has pledged to get it before the

European Union, Article 50, by the end of March, so that was an

overwhelming majority of the progression of the bill, 384

majority for the government, so all MPs voting to support the result of

the referendum as they file out for that third vote. Let's bring in 50,

who is in Westminster. I don't know if it is too soon for you to get

some numbers on that but do we know how many MPs rebelled? We don't have

a guess. I think that obviously the big picture here is that the House

of Commons overwhelmingly voted for the bill to progress and acid is

more likely for Theresa May to get her way to reserve the Article 50

can negotiations as she wants to buy the end of March. There are many

people who voted remain in the United Kingdom, feeling that maybe

parliament would block it and that has not been the case, but as I say

has been a rebellion on the Labour side, on the Tories I particularly

just one MP, and he will have voted against Article 50. On the Labour

side that's maybe a 45 Labour rebels, deciding not to do what

their leader told them. They couldn't go along with it, they were

told they had to respect the referendum result and many got up

today including some who served in the lead a team having to resign

because of that. There are lots of number of abstentions, meaning the

MP sits on their hands. They will not vote. As has been going on as

well and there has been a lot of Labour at pensions as well, so good

news for the Labour leader on all of this, the Labour Party has had a

real problem with this, many of them, mostly be MPs are pro-European

and a lot of them have constituents who voted the other way in the

referendum, and are being told they must respect the referendum. There

has been a huge democratic process in this country, they must get on

and respect that otherwise there will be a problem with the

democratic system, that is how fundamental some of them saw it. But

the big picture, overwhelmingly the government has managed to get this

through incredibly easy will stop Theresa May has got her way

certainly on this one. A quick reminder of those numbers. 114 no,

498 yes. In the context of the Brexit vote of course much much

closer in the country than what we have just seen happen in Parliament.

That has been the discussion amongst MPs to hear, what is the role of the

MP? This place voted overwhelmingly to give the referendum to the

people, to give them the say on all of this and this was made clear that

this would be a advisory referendum, and if we vote that way we will be

leaving. Many people do not feel they could block that process at

this stage and the line from Labour MPs have spoken tonight, they have

gone through and I'm voted in that way and a lot of them with a heavy

heart, but hope they will get another chance. They say this is

just about the process, just the Bill which gets negotiations

started, but which could go on for at least two years if not longer.

What lots here are pushing for is another vote in parliament when

Theresa May dry minister comes back with the final deal. They want to be

able to say to her yes, we accept it or no, go back, try harder. That is

what they will be pushing for in the next few days, it is not finished in

this place, it will carry on through other places, and they will try

still for those changes. Lots here resting with what are they here to

do, to use that that doesn't all what their resentments told them to

do. Many MPs thought that Brexit could not be anything but bad. I was

saying that it was a historic night, earlier, historic in two ways. A

first real step on the way to the exit door, and secondly it's an

important night for Parliament itself, isn't it pretty much it

restores in a way parliamentary supremacy. Yes, that has been the

argument from the people who voted for Brexit, all along, they said

this was about this place making final decisions and of course over

the last 43 years Barwell, Britain has been in the EU, many decisions

have not been made in this place, and what those who are in favour of

leaving say it is giving MPs much more say over so many areas of life,

but of course before we get to that stage there is the small process of

actually extricating ourselves from the European Union, and we have been

hearing expert advice today from the former chief ambassador to Brussels,

Sir Ivan Rogers who has now resigned, saying had difficulty

process will be, he says it would end up in a verbal fistfight,

possibly dumb and big rows he says about money, and the other EU

countries Eisai will be preparing a Brexit veil of 16 billion euros.

That is still to come. This is the first important significant step to

leaving but really lots of MPs he know that there will be much

trickier roads ahead. Vicki, what is the chance, then, that second vote

for the members of Parliament to, who have voted Ray Main -- remain,

but were voted with the government, do you think they will get the

chance to vote on a new deal, when they know what it is in a few days'

time? The government has said there will be a vote in parliament at the

end but the row comes over when it will be. The European Parliament may

well get a say on the final deal, we know that, they will get that,

according to them that would come maybe six months before that

two-year cut off. MPs here are worried about not getting a vote

until the very end of the process when it is too late to do any more

and Theresa May has said that if we don't get a good deal we'll walk

away with no Deal and that is what many remain MPs do not want to see

happening. Vicky, thank you very much. I can see Kenneth Clarke

there, the one Conservative rebel, in the middle of the house, there,

talking to those perhaps on the opposite benches who supported his

point of view. But there we go, the government winning quite easily this

evening. As we have been reporting all week, President Trump's

immigration ban caused confusion at airports last week in. Caught up in

all that chaos at JFK, a man whose wife was flying in from Iraq. At one

point, a stranger appeared from the crowd and gave it to the man. Let's

find out why. To be honest with you I didn't

believe it was a purple I did two combat deployments,

I was injured multiple times including a brain

injury, shrapnel wounds. I worked with Americans

in the embassy in Baghdad. I came to the United States in 2008

on a special, immigrant Visa. I was actually on my way back

and I started working on the floor and I saw

the coverage of JFK. A scene of outrage at JFK airport

in New York where two men Dallas typically has a lot

of international flights. I quickly did a search to see

if there was something happening. I admit I was in denial,

I didn't understand the situation from the beginning,

because I was thinking This is what America is all about,

this is what America is all about. I was asked, do you protest,

I honestly didn't think My thought was not give him

the purple heart it was, what do I have that represents,

that is important to me? He was in the airport with bad

experiences but I wanted him to leave with the true

American sentiment. It is probably the most precious

gift I ever received in my life. It is going to be on display

somewhere in this house, but also it is going to be a story,

a story that I keep telling. The purple heart to me,

it represents something that will always be a part of me,

I don't need the medal I have the scars on my body to represent

the experiences eyeing campuses. It was literally just me trying

to give him something It did make me happy

and my family happy. It forever changed

our lives in a way. I defy you, Christine, not to be

moved by that story. Before we go I want to show you something coming

out of the White House last night, he which are of a prayer circle led

by the president, and you can see Mike Pence, Donald Trump, and the

new Supreme Court nominee, Neil Gorsuch, there, holding hands with

his wife. President Trump tweeted at a moment of prayer last night after

my nomination of Judge Neil Gorsuch, a honour having them join us. A rare

insight into the workings of the White House. We will be back in the

same time tomorrow, goodbye. Hello.

This is BBC News. Mps have voted in favour of giving

Theresa May the power to begin