13/03/2017 100 Days


13/03/2017

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As Britain prepares to leave the European Union,

:00:08.:00:12.

the First Minister of Scotland calls for a new referendum

:00:13.:00:15.

So could Brexit lead to the break-up of the United Kingdom?

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Nicola Sturgeon says a second referendum should be held

:00:22.:00:23.

between autumn 2018 and spring 2019 once the terms of the UK's exit

:00:24.:00:27.

I believe that it would be wrong for Scotland to be taken down a path

:00:28.:00:35.

that it has no control over, regardless of the consequences

:00:36.:00:38.

for our economy, for our society, for our place in the world,

:00:39.:00:41.

for our very sense of who we are as a country.

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But it's up to the British Government and the Parliament

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in Westminster to decide if and when that vote takes place.

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Instead of playing politics with the future of our country,

:00:53.:00:57.

the Scottish Government should focus on delivering good government

:00:58.:00:59.

and public services for the people of Scotland.

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Meanwhile, the British Parliament will vote this evening

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whether to give the Prime Minister the power to start

:01:08.:01:09.

Congress's House Intelligence Committee demands from the President

:01:10.:01:16.

that his phones were wiretapped just before the election.

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After Turkey's ministers are blocked from attending

:01:20.:01:21.

some European rallies, President Erdogan threatens

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to take the Netherlands to the European Court and accuses

:01:25.:01:27.

Blizzards in America's North East forces German Chancellor Merkel

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to reschedule her trip to the White House.

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I'm Katty Kay in Washington, Christian Fraser is in London.

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It is 53 days since Donald Trump took office, it's 233 days

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since Britain voted to leave the European Union.

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So much has happened since then and yet nothing

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at all has happened - at least in terms of the formal

:02:05.:02:07.

Tonight, the UK Parliament takes its final vote

:02:08.:02:12.

on the Brexit legislation, which should clear the way

:02:13.:02:14.

for the Prime Minister to begin the process.

:02:15.:02:21.

It has just rejected both of the amendments.

:02:22.:02:25.

And on the eve of that historic vote, word from the First Minister

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of Scotland today that she wants another independence referendum.

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I can confirm today that, next week, I will seek the authority

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of the Scottish Parliament to agree with the UK Government the details

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of a section 30 order, the procedure that will enable

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the Scottish Parliament to legislate for an independence referendum.

:02:39.:02:42.

The UK Government was clear, in 2014, that an independence

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referendum should, in their words, be made in Scotland

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That is a principle that should be respected today.

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The detailed arrangements for a referendum,

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including its timing, must be for the Scottish

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However, in my view, it is important that Scotland

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is able to exercise the right to choose our own future

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at a time when the options are clearer than they are now,

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but before it is too late to decide our own path.

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Well, the British Prime Minister has delivered a forthright response,

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accusing Nicola Sturgeon of tunnel vision.

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As we negotiate to leave the European Union,

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I want to negotiate an agreement that is going to work for the whole

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of the United Kingdom that includes the Scottish people.

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That's why we've been working closely with the devolved

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administrations, we've been listening to their proposals

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and recognising the many areas of common ground that we have,

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such as protecting workers' rights and our security

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The tunnel vision that the SNP has shown today is deeply regrettable.

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It sets Scotland on a course for more uncertainty and division,

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creating huge uncertainty, and this at a time when the evidence

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is that the Scottish people, the majority of the Scottish people,

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do not want a second independence referendum.

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So, instead of playing politics with the future of our country,

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the Scottish Government should focus on delivering good government

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and public services for the people of Scotland.

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Our Scotland editor, Sarah Smith, is in Edinburgh for us now.

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The First Minister is a very smart politician. I am sure in private she

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has guessed that the Prime Minister will not give an independence

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referendum in the midst of these complex Brexit negotiations so if

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she has worked that out what is her political calculation here? She is

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asking for that referendum to be before the UK leads the EU. She says

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there is a window when Scotland should be allowed another vote on

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whether or not it should become an independent country. The UK

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Government seems unlikely to allow that, they do not want to fight a

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referendum campaign at the same time as negotiating Brexit, so they will

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try to insist this be held after March 20 19. There is bound to be a

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tussle over the next few weeks and months that might suit Nicola

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Sturgeon well because a lot of her argument is she has been forced into

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the position of holding this referendum because the UK Government

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are not listening to Scotland and the wishes and she could use it to

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strengthen the argument, if she changes the date. Could she force

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Theresa May to delay her timetable in triggering Article 50? There are

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reports that that might happen. We were never absolutely sure when

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Theresa May was due to trigger Article 50. There was speculation

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that might happen tomorrow and that is why Nicola Sturgeon made that

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announcement today. Of course, Theresa May now has to die just this

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fairly momentous news from Edinburgh which would have taken this by her

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surprise. -- has the digest. She will not want to look as though her

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timetable has been knocked off course because she says her full

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focus is on making Brexit work and she does not want to look like she

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has been derailed. Stephen Gethins is the Europe

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spokesperson for the If you really want the big UK to get

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the best possible Brexit deal, and let us remember that this is your

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biggest single market, surely you would hold off until this very

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complex negotiation has been completed? The Scottish Government

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has already proposed the best deal, to remain part of the European

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Union, that is the best deal we have got. But the next best deal would

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have been to obtain membership of the single market and that is why

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the Scottish Government proposed a compromise before Christmas time to

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the UK Government. We said, we will put to one side membership of the

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European Union, even though we voted in favour of remaining, and we'd

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retain membership of the single market. That is the least worst

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option for jobs in the economy. And the least worst option for the UK as

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a whole. We try to help out the UK Government compromise but they do

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not appear willing to take a compromise. The European Union has

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signalled he would have to begin the process as a new accession country,

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meaning he would have to come in line with the new economic terms,

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meaning a deficit of 3%. At the moment, your deficit is 8-10% and

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the economic facts have not changed since 2014 so how will you sell that

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to the Scottish public? The UK is heavily in debt and it is due to get

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worse, given the disastrous economic decision to take us out of the

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European Union. What is more, Scotland as a country has met the

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rules for being a member of the European Union, it would be a net

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contributor because we are one of the richer members, and is already a

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member of the European Union. If you saw the European Parliament's chief

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negotiator, there is an openness and willingness for Scotland to continue

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its membership of the EU. Just to be absolutely clear, do you have

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private assurances from the European Union that they would accept

:09:03.:09:07.

Scotland as a new country? This is still an internal member state issue

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for the United Kingdom but what has been interesting is not so much the

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private reassurances but the public reassurances. Jean-Claude Juncker

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said Scotland needs to be listened to. We have heard the same words

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coming out of Burling, Dublin and elsewhere. That has been a shift

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since the last independence referendum. We would have this

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referendum in totally different circumstances than the previous one.

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It seems like you're just playing with a very weak hand. Since 2014,

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when you did not manage to get the referendum you wanted, the price of

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oil has collapsed, and the still is not total unanimity amongst EU

:10:05.:10:10.

members. There are an fact fairly big objections from other members as

:10:11.:10:14.

having Scotland as an independent country. Most recently, we have had

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the Spanish and the People's party in Spain saying you cannot compare

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Scotland with Catalonia, of course Scotland is a totally different

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case. I am not sure that argument stacks up any more. Also, from an

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economic point of view, the most damaging thing that can happen the

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Scottish economy is leaving the European Union and the single

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market. The Institute of the University of Strathclyde have

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estimated this could cost Scotland 80,000 jobs in Scotland alone. This

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is a shock to our economy and devastation to jobs and the economy

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that we can ill afford. So the First Minister's plea today is to save

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jobs and the economy and retain our membership of the European Union and

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retain a secure a relationship with the rest of Europe. Did you hear

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firm cast-iron guarantees and reassurances the, because I did not?

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Know, but they did make the point that they would not just be able to

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go into the European Union as an existing member, they would have to

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go through the full process, and the economic facts are still as they

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were in 2014, particularly regarding the currency and deficit.

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Potentially even worse for the price of oil. Let's look at what has

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changed and what has not changed. What has changed is the argument

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because the SNP have always embraced this idea that Scots will only vote

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for independence in Scotland is thriving. They are saying now is

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not, can Scotland afford to be independent but can Scotland afford

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not to be independent? Mr Gethin is said we need to be in the single

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market which is a strange argument when you consider that the UK

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market, the biggest market they have this four times the size of the

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European market. Would it mean the people in Scotland would vote for

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independence? That is not the case either because we know that trump

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nationalistic and Sturgeon nationalistic economics are potent.

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I dare the other plenty of affluent middle-class people in Scotland who

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voted Remain in the EU referendum and are probably thinking, this

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time, I will not put the same store in projects via as it did last time.

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Which is why these conversations they are having with European

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leaders are so critical and why we need to get to the bottom of why

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they have been given guarantees. That would presumably influenced the

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way Scots might vote. You are right. One thing we learnt in 2016 is

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people vote with their hearts as much as their heads. Absolutely, and

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timing is crucial here. It is crucial for the Prime Minister

:13:13.:13:14.

because she said today she does not want to fight on two France. We will

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probably not see a referendum until after 2019. She will be hoping the

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UK economy is sufficiently strong that it would put people off in

:13:27.:13:30.

Scotland from going down this route. But the timing is also crucial for

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Nicola Sturgeon as well. She wants to take advantage of an economic

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downturn in the UK, that is probably her best hope, so the timing for

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both leaders critical at this moment. I think what will be so

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fascinating, over the next two years, not just the deal that the UK

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gets and that Theresa May manages to negotiate with Brussels, but also

:13:58.:14:01.

the impact that it has on the United Kingdom. What is surprising is the

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amount people are watching from the side of the Atlantic. There are a

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lot of supporters for Brexit from the trump campaign. But I wonder

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whether the White House would think of Scottish independence as a result

:14:21.:14:25.

of Brexit. Just finished on that point, today, you got the Sinn Fein

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party in Northern saying they need a vote a united Ireland, Plaid Cymru

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talked about a similar discussion in Wales, and the SNP, the union

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certainly looks fairly fragile. We will put that argument to the one of

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the cheap Brexit architects later. We have had two votes on the

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amendments. There has been little sign of the Conservative rebellion

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in all of this. These were the changes at the House of Lords,

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wanting to guarantee the rights of EU citizens living in the United

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Kingdom, the second one was about securing a final vote, a vote on the

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deal that Theresa May gets at the end of the process of negotiation,

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but both of those changes have been overturned by the House of Commons.

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It will now go back to the upper chamber again, to the House of

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Lords, where they will consider it one more time. Indications there art

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that Labour opposition peers have not seen any sign that the

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government will give way on this. They do not see any point in

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pursuing this any further. It seems that this Brexit bill will pass its

:15:46.:15:49.

final Parliamentary hurdle tonight and that leaves Theresa May very

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much able to trigger Article 50 when she chooses to. I am told that it

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will not be this week, it will happen towards the end of March.

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The House Intelligence Committee has given the Trump administration

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until the end of today to provide evidence that phones at Trump Tower

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in New York were wiretapped just before the election.

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White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer was asked a question

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about this at a briefing a short time ago.

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Here's a little of what he had to say.

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He doesn't really think that President Obama went up

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I think there's no question that the Obama administration,

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that there were actions about surveillance and other

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activities that occurred in the 2016 election.

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That is a widely reported activity that occurred back then.

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The president used the word "wiretap" the mean broadly

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surveillance and other activities during that.

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It is interesting how many news outlets reported that this activity

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was taking place during the 2016 election cycle, and now

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It is many of the same outlets in this room that talked

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about the activities that were going on back then.

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Well, President Obama's Director of National Intelligence,

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James Clapper, says Trump's Twitter claims are entirely baseless.

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But that didn't stop Senior White House advisor

:17:12.:17:13.

Kellyanne Conway suggesting on Sunday that the alleged

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surveillance may have gone beyond listening

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What I can say is there are many ways to surveil each

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There was an article this week that talked about how you can surveil

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someone through their phones, through their television sets,

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any number of different ways, and microwaves that turn

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So we know that that is just a fact of modern life.

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Well, Kellyanne was referring there to last week's WikiLeaks

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revelations that the CIA has hacking tools for breaking into computers,

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cell phones even smart TVs but, this morning, she backtracked.

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They weren't making a suggestion about Trump Tower, those

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And I answered him about surveillance generally.

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But you have no evidence that that kind of surveillance

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I have no evidence but that's why there's

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Well, there was this reaction from the President Trump, who took

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He wrote, "It is amazing how rude much of the media is to my very

:18:21.:18:25.

Well, to get more on these allegations, we're joined

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in the studio by William Cohen, former Defence Secretary and former

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He also served on the Intelligence Committee for over a decade.

:18:34.:18:42.

Is the onus here on the White House to prove that what President trump

:18:43.:18:51.

accused President Obama of doing, a crime, he has evidence on that? We

:18:52.:18:58.

are seeing an example of fake news coming directly out of the White

:18:59.:19:04.

House. Just last week, the president was getting compliments for being

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presidential because he wrote a speech. This is not presidential

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conduct. The issue a tweet accusing a former president of committing a

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felony without any evidence whatsoever. It is not saying,

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Congress, please help me find out what is on my own department. All he

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has to do is pick up the phone and say, tell me what happened. But the

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ship that the Congress to conduct an investigation is sending Congress

:19:36.:19:42.

down a rabbit hole. I think this is nonsense. So you do not think the

:19:43.:19:45.

media is wrong to be asking questions about this? Until you have

:19:46.:19:52.

proof of something as outrageous as this, we will cover something else,

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we will not be diverted and covering all of this while other things going

:19:58.:20:01.

on, people are being arrested and moved out of the United States,

:20:02.:20:06.

actions are being taken, attorneys are being fired, rights are being

:20:07.:20:10.

rolled back. We are now trying to find out what he meant, was it

:20:11.:20:15.

surveillance, wiretapping, your phone? This is nonsense. This is

:20:16.:20:22.

1984! The media has an obligation to tell the president he has facts and

:20:23.:20:28.

to bring them forward. Not tomorrow, next week, next month, do it on your

:20:29.:20:31.

own and do not make comments like this without facts. Essentially what

:20:32.:20:40.

we are saying is we cannot trust what the president of the United

:20:41.:20:44.

States is saying that has big implications not only the

:20:45.:20:46.

relationships internally but externally, his credibility

:20:47.:20:53.

worldwide? Credibility suffers. Not only does his credibility suffered

:20:54.:20:58.

but that of the United States. We are seeing the US is portrayed as a

:20:59.:21:02.

circus in which people are running around with bells and whistles,

:21:03.:21:06.

trying to find out what the facts are. It is fake news in any event.

:21:07.:21:15.

Facts really do count. The world is turning faster and faster and is

:21:16.:21:19.

becoming more dangerous and the last thing we need is to be having fake

:21:20.:21:26.

news put out. We are being seen as a circus. Thank you for joining us.

:21:27.:21:50.

It is quite extraordinary the rhetoric and how it has escalated.

:21:51.:21:57.

In one respect, neither side can back down. In the Netherlands, she

:21:58.:22:04.

is facing up with the Nationalists and the far right politician in the

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Netherlands, then you have got Mr Erdogan in Turkey who needs the

:22:10.:22:13.

support of the nationalist -based. Definitely. It is a critical time

:22:14.:22:20.

for both countries. Both will have elections in two days' time and in

:22:21.:22:28.

Turkey, there is this referendum. And President Erdogan desperately

:22:29.:22:32.

needs the Nationalists in Turkey because even though he has got the

:22:33.:22:36.

support of the nationalist party, there is a crack in the base, so not

:22:37.:22:41.

all of them are supporting him because these amendments will

:22:42.:22:47.

increase his powers massively. He could not get the full support of

:22:48.:22:55.

Nationalists in Turkey. It is like his last attempt to approach them

:22:56.:23:00.

and filled the nationalist values. Reading some of the comments here.

:23:01.:23:07.

Ankara should re-evaluate part of the deal they signed last year to

:23:08.:23:11.

restrict the flow of migrants into Europe. This is a stick that they

:23:12.:23:15.

can beat the Europeans with and they have used it before, and it would be

:23:16.:23:19.

particularly potent when the French and Germans are going to the polls.

:23:20.:23:24.

Turkey has been playing this card since last year. The agreement came

:23:25.:23:29.

into effect last March and since then, the number of migrants who are

:23:30.:23:34.

trying to cross into Europe or Turkey, the number of them has

:23:35.:23:41.

declined dramatically, and Turkish citizens have been given these are

:23:42.:23:47.

free travel promise, but it has not been fulfilled. So Turkey or the

:23:48.:23:52.

time, after this agreement came into effect, using this card against

:23:53.:23:58.

Europe, saying, we will open our borders and you will deal with that

:23:59.:24:02.

problem. Interesting, we will watch that closely. This is exactly what

:24:03.:24:10.

Bill Cowan was talking about, that there are moments in the world, that

:24:11.:24:15.

the world is moving fast, where they get the crisis points. How are other

:24:16.:24:27.

powers going to deal with that deterioration of relations where we

:24:28.:24:30.

have had a president where people say not ready? I wonder what they

:24:31.:24:35.

are thinking of what is happening in Turkey and what President Erdogan is

:24:36.:24:40.

doing in a White House that frankly is not even staffed. That is exactly

:24:41.:24:47.

edge. Four months ago, the Secretary of State would be wading in and

:24:48.:24:51.

tried to cool heads and bang heads together. That is not happening.

:24:52.:24:55.

Europe is very much on its own at the moment. Some of the comments

:24:56.:25:00.

that are coming from Mr Erdogan really do rankle with particularly

:25:01.:25:06.

the Dutch, the core of the Dutch Nazis after the history they have,

:25:07.:25:11.

the occupation, and the number of people that died in the Netherlands,

:25:12.:25:16.

it is really too much. You have seen some of the reaction we have had

:25:17.:25:20.

today from the Netherlands. It would be interesting to know, even amongst

:25:21.:25:24.

Mr Erdogan's supporters, who are thinking you has gone too far this

:25:25.:25:30.

time. You wonder who will step in before that referendum because he is

:25:31.:25:33.

now saying he will travel to Europe and get involved himself.

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You're watching 100 Days from BBC News.

:25:39.:25:40.

Still to come for viewers on the BBC News Channel and BBC World News?

:25:41.:25:44.

We will be live in Westminster where MPs have voted in favour of

:25:45.:25:50.

legislation, clearing the way for Britain to lead the way for

:25:51.:25:52.

withdrawing from the European Union. It has been a mild start of the week

:25:53.:26:13.

and a really pleasant one. The best of the sunshine has been in East

:26:14.:26:18.

Anglia, south-east England. But also, in Northern Ireland, where the

:26:19.:26:22.

temperatures reached 16.6 Celsius, the warmest day of the year so far

:26:23.:26:29.

in Northern Ireland. Some areas of cloud have drifted south-eastwards.

:26:30.:26:34.

It could well be that cloud has increased overnight. A mild Emerson

:26:35.:26:39.

control, meaning temperatures will not go down too far. Outbreaks of

:26:40.:26:44.

rain running in the north-west Scotland, becoming increasingly

:26:45.:26:48.

lighter and patchy. By the end of the night, look at how this

:26:49.:26:54.

temperatures stay up. Let's take a look at things at 8am. Mr nil for

:26:55.:27:01.

ground. Could well be a bit damp and drizzly. Some brighter breaks across

:27:02.:27:07.

central and eastern parts of England by a similarly misty, murky picture

:27:08.:27:11.

into the high ground of north-west England. Could well brighten up a

:27:12.:27:15.

time in Northern Ireland in the morning. Sunny spells in Scotland by

:27:16.:27:18.

a strong wind across the North and severe gales here. The Northern and

:27:19.:27:27.

western isles, just sent excess of 70 mph, particularly around some of

:27:28.:27:32.

the showers. Elsewhere, variable cloud, some bright sunny spells, the

:27:33.:27:37.

risk of patchy rain coming back from Northern Ireland, anywhere towards

:27:38.:27:43.

the western hills could be dampened drizzly. In any sunshine, we could

:27:44.:27:49.

see 18 Celsius. When the sun comes out, it feels very mild once again.

:27:50.:27:53.

Some of that patchy rain further south as we go through Tuesday

:27:54.:27:58.

evening and overnight. On Wednesday, an area of cloud. Still some showers

:27:59.:28:01.

of rain in the northern Scotland, not as windy. The rain front we as

:28:02.:28:12.

it pushes south on Wednesday but more weather fronts are coming our

:28:13.:28:15.

way at the end of the week, ganging up on the Atlantic with stronger

:28:16.:28:19.

winds as well. We will see a transition by the end of this week

:28:20.:28:23.

lasting into the weekend to cooler weather, windy weather, and for many

:28:24.:28:25.

of us, wetter weather. Welcome back to 100 days. I'm

:28:26.:30:21.

Christian Fraser in London. Catty case in Westminster.

:30:22.:30:24.

MPs at Westminster have overwhelmingly voted to overturn

:30:25.:30:26.

Prime Minister Theresa May could theoretically start

:30:27.:30:28.

the formal process of leaving the European Union,

:30:29.:30:31.

And coming up we will be at the Mexico City that receives more

:30:32.:30:41.

deportees than any other place on the southern border.

:30:42.:30:53.

The now to a turbulent day in which is politics, Nicola Sturgeon will

:30:54.:31:02.

try to hold a second referendum. And there is the policy of Brexit, they

:31:03.:31:06.

are trying to start the Brexit process, they have rejected two

:31:07.:31:10.

amendments from the House of Lords, earlier we heard from the Scottish

:31:11.:31:15.

Nationalists and soda is here from the Brexit side, Dominic Robb was

:31:16.:31:20.

one of the more vocal guys on the Brexit side. The Prime Minister said

:31:21.:31:24.

"I will never allow a divisive Nationalists to undermine the union

:31:25.:31:27.

between the nations of our United Kingdom. " Isn't that what Brexit

:31:28.:31:34.

has done? I don't think so, we can't stop the SNP because sturgeon

:31:35.:31:39.

continuing with this pretty obsessive tunnel vision towards

:31:40.:31:42.

another referendum if that is really what they want but I'm not sure it

:31:43.:31:47.

is what the Scottish people want. It is to the least to have this pledge

:31:48.:31:53.

made now before we had even started a letter knowing where we know where

:31:54.:31:56.

we will end up with the outcome of the Brexit negotiations. I think the

:31:57.:32:01.

best thing that we can do is going to these negotiations with a very

:32:02.:32:05.

clear mandate from Parliament, the economy is strong, going and looking

:32:06.:32:09.

for the best deal we can get for every part and nation of the United

:32:10.:32:13.

Kingdom. While we are at it, the generosity of spirit for the

:32:14.:32:16.

European friends and look for the win- win deals. Of course the SNP

:32:17.:32:21.

would say that people on the Brexit side have tunnel vision, let me ask

:32:22.:32:27.

you, does the Scottish announcement today weakened the bargaining

:32:28.:32:33.

position? First of all when the Prime Minister gave her Lancaster

:32:34.:32:39.

house speech, in the polling that followed, there was huge public

:32:40.:32:43.

support for the vision of post-Brexit Britain with a

:32:44.:32:46.

self-governing democracy and strong European trading ally and friend but

:32:47.:32:51.

also broadening our horizons to be a global leader and it was very

:32:52.:32:54.

interesting, if you look at some of that evidence, there was clear

:32:55.:32:58.

support in Scotland for that vision and I think we should get on. We

:32:59.:33:04.

can't control what the SNP does, with democracy and a devolved

:33:05.:33:08.

settlement. We are absolutely going to respect it, she is at liberty to

:33:09.:33:13.

decide, and say what she wants to do. I'm just not sure that is where

:33:14.:33:18.

the Scottish people are right now, that is for her to argue and she

:33:19.:33:21.

will want to get easily decisions arguing for the best deal, in every

:33:22.:33:29.

quarter of the United Kingdom. If we don't get an announcement that the

:33:30.:33:33.

Prime Minister is triggering Article 50 tomorrow, is it fair to assume

:33:34.:33:38.

that is a bit of a political victory for Nicola Sturgeon? I think it was

:33:39.:33:44.

becoming evident from earlier in the day that the precise time, day or

:33:45.:33:49.

week remains to be seen because what we are ready concerned about, is

:33:50.:33:54.

less the political priorities and more what is the landscape in the

:33:55.:33:58.

context of the EU and there is a huge amount going on but the truth

:33:59.:34:03.

is, what we know today, is that we have got this very strong, clear

:34:04.:34:08.

mandate from Parliament as well as directly for people through the

:34:09.:34:13.

referendum. The economy is strong, the post-Brexit vision, but into a

:34:14.:34:18.

white Paper, has attracted strong and overwhelming public support and

:34:19.:34:22.

indeed support across the United Kingdom and all nations of the

:34:23.:34:26.

United Kingdom. We need to crack on and focus on delivering it. And to

:34:27.:34:31.

go into it with a bit of ambition and self-confidence. We have

:34:32.:34:35.

debated, the bill on triggering Article 50, for six weeks. One

:34:36.:34:40.

clause debated for six weeks, we have had these arguments, what the

:34:41.:34:44.

public overwhelmingly wants is to get onto these negotiations and get

:34:45.:34:47.

the best deal for everyone, whether they voted to leave or Remainers.

:34:48.:34:52.

Thank you very much for joining the programme. Since Donald Trump, has

:34:53.:35:00.

become the president, any illegal alien who is suspected of a crime is

:35:01.:35:04.

not a priority for deportation. It means more fear of being deported.

:35:05.:35:12.

The BBC's Juan Paullier reports from Tijuana which receives

:35:13.:35:14.

more deportees than any other place along the US-Mexican border.

:35:15.:35:17.

I am an American. MUSIC no other city on the US- Mexico border has a

:35:18.:35:36.

more intimate relationship. For this hip hop artist who lives in the US

:35:37.:35:41.

but has family on both sides of the wall, it has to find his music.

:35:42.:35:46.

Because of my spirits is growing up, and knowing that my family members

:35:47.:35:50.

in order to be with me, they are going to have to cross a border and

:35:51.:35:55.

potentially get arrested. I made an effort not to put borders and

:35:56.:35:59.

restrictions on my music. He has relatives among the estimated 11

:36:00.:36:04.

million undocumented immigrants in the US. Trump's anti immigrant

:36:05.:36:08.

rhetoric has left him treading the prospect of his family breaking up.

:36:09.:36:13.

I had a family member who had to go into a government building and from

:36:14.:36:18.

the moment that we got the scheduled date, to the actual date, there is a

:36:19.:36:22.

lot of tension, there is a lot of arguments at home. Because of the

:36:23.:36:30.

fear. There is a very real fear that anything could happen to our

:36:31.:36:35.

families at any given moment. If deported, his relative may end up in

:36:36.:36:40.

Tijuana. The city receives more deportees than any other city. For

:36:41.:36:45.

those deported it is a painful paradox, they fill their foreigners

:36:46.:36:53.

in the place they were born in. 530 is the area code. Tag twos tell a

:36:54.:37:00.

story of a life involved in gangs, and drugs and guns. He spent his

:37:01.:37:04.

teenage years in jail but was deported to Mexico because he was

:37:05.:37:08.

born there. He was dropped into a place he barely knew, having to

:37:09.:37:12.

speak a language that he had already forgotten. I think what I want to

:37:13.:37:16.

say in image and I have to translate it in my mind to be able to say it,

:37:17.:37:20.

and somewhat I can't even pronounce in Spanish. Third Israeli the reason

:37:21.:37:27.

why, call centres have worked out for me. These are call centres and

:37:28.:37:32.

many of the people working here have been deported from the US. It might

:37:33.:37:39.

be surprising to people to know that they are talking to tattooed ex-gang

:37:40.:37:43.

members. Chris is a supervisor and doesn't even think of going back to

:37:44.:37:48.

his old life, but the new one hasn't been easy. Sometimes people don't

:37:49.:37:53.

even give you that opportunity, they say he doesn't know any better. Some

:37:54.:37:58.

all gangster or gangster wannabe, drug addict, deportee. But that is

:37:59.:38:06.

how they, they looked down on me. If the US president keeps his promises,

:38:07.:38:10.

the challenges here in Tijuana may not only be a bigger or high

:38:11.:38:15.

offence. A wall of prejudice is another obstacle that many could

:38:16.:38:16.

face. Difficult things to discuss on the

:38:17.:38:24.

border. If I asked you what music,

:38:25.:38:28.

tech, the Vatican and You might be hard pressed to come

:38:29.:38:30.

up with a response - the answer though is that they're

:38:31.:38:34.

all on the agenda at the South-by-Southwest festival

:38:35.:38:37.

in the Texan capital Austin. And given the nature of

:38:38.:38:40.

the new presidency here in the US - politics is most definitely under

:38:41.:38:44.

the spotlight. Our North America reporter

:38:45.:38:45.

Anthony Zurcher is there. Before we talk to you, I want to

:38:46.:38:55.

talk about a famous visitor you have had down there, Joe Biden. He's

:38:56.:38:59.

looking remarkably calm and relaxed but also taking a quick potshot at

:39:00.:39:01.

President Trump. Just take a listen. It is my hope that this new

:39:02.:39:09.

administration, once it gets organised and I'm not being

:39:10.:39:17.

facetious, will be able to focus on and be as committed and enthusiastic

:39:18.:39:24.

as we were in the goal of curing cancer as we know it. Is that Joe

:39:25.:39:34.

Biden? Knowing Joe Biden he is being facetious. Is that the mood down

:39:35.:39:40.

there? Well I think Joe Biden said that he didn't want to get into

:39:41.:39:44.

politics and keep Robbie shouldn't be criticising the Trump

:39:45.:39:47.

administration although he did take another swipe at them on climate

:39:48.:39:51.

change policy. I think what you are seeing time and time again are

:39:52.:39:55.

people trying to grapple with the changing politics here, in the US.

:39:56.:40:01.

Last year, Barack Obama came to this conference and talked about how

:40:02.:40:04.

government could be a force for good. That is a decidedly different

:40:05.:40:10.

type of line of conversation coming from Washington about how to pare

:40:11.:40:13.

back and dismantle the administrative state. If you look at

:40:14.:40:18.

some of the panel discussions, it is about how Democratic mayors can hold

:40:19.:40:23.

the line against the immigration policy and transgender policy. There

:40:24.:40:26.

is talk about how the media can deal with fake news and however one can

:40:27.:40:33.

pull together, and address the changing political environment.

:40:34.:40:36.

There is definitely a shadow cast on this conference by the new wind is

:40:37.:40:40.

blowing out of Washington. Are they also talking about some of the

:40:41.:40:45.

social policies of this government, the travel ban, a lot of people who

:40:46.:40:48.

travel to the United States and work in the tech industry have taken a

:40:49.:40:54.

stance against it? Yes they have, I was discussing this very topic, with

:40:55.:40:59.

a corporate CEO, and he said that the immigration issue was one of the

:41:00.:41:03.

biggest concerns for them because they rely on the international

:41:04.:41:07.

talent pool, the people that they can bring in, on the special visas

:41:08.:41:13.

who have specific expertise and is larger concern was there was a lot

:41:14.:41:18.

of uncertainty and businesses don't deal with uncertainty very well. In

:41:19.:41:25.

a very sunny Austin, Texas, we should be there and not here in

:41:26.:41:30.

Washington, because it is very chilly outside. So chilly in fact

:41:31.:41:34.

that one house in upstate New York, looks like this. It sits on the

:41:35.:41:40.

sure, of Lake Ontario, where they are bearing the brunt of the bitter

:41:41.:41:44.

cold right now. Hall's bricks and windows. All covered in ice. I am

:41:45.:41:50.

not sure if a front door is left, taken by a local photographer,

:41:51.:41:55.

saying that many people doubted the authenticity, it is the era of fake

:41:56.:42:01.

news. It is very cold, we are about to get slammed by a snowstorm. It is

:42:02.:42:08.

a Joe Biden free zone. You are getting ready, boots and coat at the

:42:09.:42:12.

ready. My kids of course of thinking, we are finally going to

:42:13.:42:16.

get a snow day, we have almost had no winter in Washington. Here we are

:42:17.:42:21.

in March, my son 's birthday and he is thinking he will get the day off

:42:22.:42:28.

school. I think it is a snow day. You are not allowed to be late, I

:42:29.:42:36.

need you. She was supposed to be coming to the White House, relations

:42:37.:42:41.

a bit frosty between President Trump and Angela Merkel, he has called her

:42:42.:42:46.

immigration policy is catastrophic. Maybe why this is why they

:42:47.:42:53.

orchestrated this snowstorm. That is all for 100 days today, we will be

:42:54.:42:57.

back at the same time tomorrow. And you can follow us on social media.

:42:58.:43:02.

We hope to see you again, save time tomorrow, goodbye.

:43:03.:43:13.

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