10/11/2011 BBC News at Ten


10/11/2011

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Tonight at Ten: The spegter of a return to recession in Europe as

:00:10.:00:13.

growth collapses. Across the eurozone prospects for growth fade

:00:13.:00:19.

away as the debt crisis takes its toll.

:00:19.:00:23.

As more austerity is imposed and protesters take to the streets,

:00:23.:00:27.

calls for even more concerted action. If the leaders of the

:00:27.:00:31.

eurozone want to save their currency, then they, together with

:00:31.:00:36.

the institutions of the eurozone, must act now. We will have the

:00:36.:00:39.

latest from Berlin where the Germans are under pressure to

:00:39.:00:42.

provide more bail-out funds. Also tonight:

:00:42.:00:46.

More questions for James Murdoch on phone hacking as he is accused of

:00:46.:00:50.

behaving like a gangland boss. Murdoch, you must be the first

:00:50.:00:54.

Mafia boss in history who didn't know he was running a criminal

:00:54.:00:58.

enterprise. Mr Watson, please, I think that's inappropriate. Mr

:00:58.:01:02.

Chairman. A private future for this NHS hospital, unions say it's an

:01:02.:01:07.

accident waiting to happen. The plight of child workers in the

:01:07.:01:10.

cocoa industry, a special report from Ivory Coast.

:01:10.:01:15.

The promise from the chocolate companies was to act as a matter of

:01:15.:01:19.

urgency to stop hazardous child labour. But isn't that exactly what

:01:19.:01:24.

we are seeing here? And how to lose a prime time debate.

:01:24.:01:29.

The latest Republican contender to come unstuck. It's three agencies

:01:29.:01:34.

the Government that are gone, commerce, education and...

:01:34.:01:40.

What's the third one there? I will be here with Sportsday later

:01:40.:01:44.

on the BBC News channel as John Terry takes his place in the

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England squad. How do his teammates feel about the racist allegations

:01:47.:01:57.
:01:57.:02:08.

Good evening. The damage inflicted by the debt crisis was revealed

:02:08.:02:11.

today when the EU announced a sharp reduction in its growth forecast

:02:11.:02:17.

for the eurozone. It's down to just half of one per cent, and that

:02:17.:02:19.

could turn out to be optimistic. The European commissioner, Olli

:02:20.:02:23.

Rehn, said it was the last wake-up call and raised the prospect of a

:02:23.:02:27.

new recession. David Cameron echoed the call for urgent action. Our

:02:27.:02:29.

business editor, Robert Peston, has the latest. There's some flash

:02:30.:02:36.

photography in this report. The eurozone, battling against the

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elements. Greece, almost inundated, its Prime Minister swept away. This

:02:43.:02:46.

week it's Italy in the eye of the storm and the premier, Silvio

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Berlusconi, being blown from office clinging on for a few more hours or

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days. The clouds are gathering elsewhere, Spain, even France. And

:02:56.:03:04.

the forecast, not exactly brilliant. The recovery of the EU economy has

:03:04.:03:07.

stopped, the European Commission said today as it forecast growth

:03:07.:03:16.

next year would be just 0.5%. forecast is, in fact, the last

:03:16.:03:21.

wakeup call. The recovery in the European Union has now come to a

:03:21.:03:27.

standstill and there is a risk of a new recession. It's not all doom

:03:27.:03:31.

and gloom. Greece choose its new Prime Minister, Lucas Papademos, a

:03:31.:03:34.

respected former Central Banker, and Italy is said to have lined up

:03:35.:03:39.

a former European Commissioner, Mario Monti, to replace Silvio

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Berlusconi, here leaving the premier's residence today, and

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implicit interest rates on debt fell below the 7% it breached on

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Wednesday. Although the Italian Government managed to borrow an

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additional five billion euros for a year today, and the interest rate

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was less than that crippling 7%, it still paid more than 6%, a record.

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More worrying perhaps was contagion to Spain, where the yield on

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interest rate on ten-year loans to the Government rose at one stage to

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almost 5.9%, and in France where the rate climbed to over 3.4%. In

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part due to a mistaken warning about its financial health. To you

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and me they may not sound like high interest rates but the equivalent

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interest rate for Germany is just 1.7%. When countries borrow

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hundreds of billions of euros every little interest rate increase

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really hurts. There is a big risk of contagion to other European

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economies and that's why it's worrying for the UK because if it

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impacts then, it impacts us. Even without the contagion, the UK is

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set for growth of just 0.6% next year, too close to zero for comfort

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according to the European Commission. The moment of truth is

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fast approaching. If the leaders of the eurozone want to save their

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currency, then they, together with the institutions of the eurozone,

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must act now. The longer they delay, the greater the danger. For David

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Cameron it's all about the eurozone's bail-out fund acquire

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you go enough money to lend to Italy if no one else will. But

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today the head of that bail-out fund raised doubts that its

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firepower can be raised to a trillion euros, which most see as

:05:28.:05:33.

the minimum needed. So, citizens of the eurozone and beyond including

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Britain may need their umbrellas for a while longer.

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In Berlin, Germany's Chancellor, Angela Merkel, said it was

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essential that Italy move quickly to implement a new austerity

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package and clarify its political leadership. Mrs Merkel dismissed

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reports that she favoured a smaller eurozone excluding the more

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troubled economies. But Germany's options are limited, as our Europe

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editor Gavin Hewitt reports. He spent the day in Germany

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surveying the scene scene -- there. With the eurozone crisis deepening,

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all eyes turn to Germany, Europe's economic powerhouse. These German

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MPs know to a large degree, they will determine the future of the

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single currency. Today, the German Chancellor said she still believes

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the eurozone can survive in its present form. TRANSLATION:

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Since the beginning of the debt crisis Germany has been pursuing

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one single goal, to stablise the eurozone in its current form and

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make it more competitive and we firmly believe this whole eurozone,

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each individual country, is in a situation to fully regain

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credibility. The eurozone badly needs fixing and Germany has been

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the main country applying the sticking plaster. It has been the

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largest contributor to two Greek bail-outs. But the big question is

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whether Germany would step in to help Italy, if that became

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necessary. So far, it has contributed 211 billion euroes to

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the main bail-out fund but says that's the limit and it is

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unwilling to allow the European Central Bank to become a lender of

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last resort. And this is why. The memory of inflation in the 20s.

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Truck loads of money were needed to pay wages on a daily basis, so

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Germany today will not agree to the ECB, in effect, printing money. It

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is the weight of history that makes Germans hypersensitive to the idea

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that the European Central Bank could be used to help countries in

:07:37.:07:42.

difficulty. Now, when it comes to big economies like Italy the German

:07:42.:07:46.

Government is still hoping that tough economic reforms may be

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enough to help Italy save itself. The most important step is to be

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done by Italy itself. It needs a stable, reliable Government and

:07:57.:08:02.

clear commitment to domestic reform. Some MPs from within Chancellor

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Merkel's own camp are prepared to see countries in trouble leave the

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eurozone. Member states of the eurozone, which cannot reach

:08:13.:08:16.

sufficient discipline or competitiveness, will necessarily

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reach a point at which they might be no alternative than to leave.

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But one of Chancellor Merkel's key economic advisors says more funds

:08:25.:08:30.

may be needed to shore up the euro. Now we are in a situation where

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bank investors have lost the confidence in Sovereign bonds and

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we need a bold step that guarantees Sovereign bonds without any

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limitation. The big question for Germany remains unanswered, if it

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becomes necessary will it act as the main tkpwarpb are to of thure

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zone's debts? James Murdoch has accused former

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News International employees, including a company lawyer, of

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misleading MPs about the phone hacking controversy. Mr Murdoch,

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the company's executive chairman, was back at Westminster today

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answering more questions from MPs. He repeatedly denied that he'd been

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told of the significance of a crucial e-mail which suggested that

:09:11.:09:15.

phone-hacking was widespread at the News of the World. Our political

:09:15.:09:20.

editor, Nick Robinson, listened to the exchanges.

:09:20.:09:24.

First the father, now the son. Back in the parliamentary dock for his

:09:24.:09:29.

role in the phone hacking scandal. James Murdoch fidgeted nervously at

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the start of two and a half hours of cross-examination. Perhaps

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remembering the last time he faced this committee of MPs, when his dad,

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Rupert, got a face full of foam. All that was thrown this time were

:09:41.:09:46.

questions, allegations, oh, and scorn. Can you just confirm that

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you have not been arrested or you are not correctly on bail and you

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are therefore free to answer all the questions I am going to put to

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you? I have not been arrested and I am not on bail. And I am free to

:09:58.:10:01.

answer questions and I would like to. His questioners are amongst

:10:01.:10:06.

those who have been hounded, spied on, and lied to. This, their chance

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to get even. Mr Murdoch, you must be the first Mafia boss in history

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who didn't know he was running a criminal enterprise. Mr Watson,

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please. I think that's inappropriate. Mr Chairman? It was

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too much for some MPs, one said oh, come on. Others tutted. On the day

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the News of the World closed its journalists cheered their editor,

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but today James Murdoch accused Colin Myler and the lawyer Tom

:10:34.:10:38.

Crone of knowing what was happening at the paper, but not telling

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parliament, or him. You think Mr Crone misled us? It follows that I

:10:44.:10:50.

do. Do you think Mr Myler misled us. I believe their testimony was

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misleading. It was about what happened when James Murdoch agreed

:10:55.:11:01.

to pay Gordon Taylor a huge sum, around �700,000 after his phone was

:11:01.:11:06.

hacked by the News of the World. Murdoch claims not to have seen the

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E mail marked "for Neville" which had transcripts of the hacked phone

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calls, or the memo from the paper's lawyer, which stated that the e-

:11:15.:11:19.

mail was fatal to our case. Or the legal advice from a leading

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barrister, which warned that the News of the World had a culture of

:11:23.:11:27.

illegal information access. James Murdoch's former executives told

:11:27.:11:31.

this committee that he did at least know about the e-mail in its

:11:31.:11:35.

implications, as the boss of the company he was asked surely he must

:11:35.:11:41.

have known more? There was a lot of supposition and might have known

:11:41.:11:46.

and should have known and this and that. What never happened is Mr

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Crone and Mr Myler showing me the relevant evidence, explaining to me

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the relevant evidence and its relevance, or talking about wider

:11:55.:11:58.

spread criminality. The Murdoches have already apologised to the

:11:58.:12:02.

family of the murdered teenager Milly Dowler. Today, saw another

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apology for spying on this man, their lawyer Mark Lewis, who

:12:07.:12:11.

represents them and other victims of hacking. I want to say for the

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record it's appalling, it's something I would never condone and

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the company should never condone and it was shocking when I found

:12:17.:12:23.

out. Are you aware that Mr Lewis' family was trailed by private

:12:23.:12:25.

investigators, including his 14- year-old daughter? And would you

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agree with me that is completely despicable? I totally agree. I

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wasn't aware of that allegation, if it's the case the whole affair is

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not acceptable and not on. So much to apologise for, so much still

:12:39.:12:43.

unclear. Tonight the News of the World's former lawyer, Tom Crone,

:12:43.:12:50.

has accused James Murdoch of giving evidence that was, at best,

:12:50.:13:00.
:13:00.:13:00.

disinjemuous. MPs must now reach a A soldier killed in Afghanistan on

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Wednesday has been named. Private Matthew Thornton of the 4th

:13:04.:13:09.

Battalion, the Yorkshire Regiment, was killed by an explosion at

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Babaji in Helmand province. He was 28 and his family have been

:13:12.:13:16.

informed. In radical Islamic group planning

:13:16.:13:23.

to hold an anti-Armistice Day protest is to be banned from

:13:23.:13:26.

operating in the UK. Muslims Against Crusades recently protested

:13:26.:13:30.

outside the US embassy on the anniversary of September 11th. The

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Home Office says it is closely linked to a host of previously

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banned groups. Patients could be put at risk by a

:13:39.:13:43.

decision to allow a private company to take over a struggling NHS

:13:43.:13:47.

Hospital in Cambridgeshire, according to union leaders.

:13:47.:13:50.

Ministers have announced that Hinchingbrooke hospital will be

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managed by a private company, Circle Healthcare. The union Unison

:13:55.:14:02.

says that the ten-year deal is an accident waiting to happen.

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A local NHS hospital, just like so many others in England. But with

:14:07.:14:11.

one big difference. It is now officially under new management. A

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private company, Circle, has signed a contract to run it for 10 years.

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On the ward, another busy day for the staff. They will go on working

:14:22.:14:26.

for the NHS. But Circle is promising nurses and doctors a

:14:26.:14:30.

bigger say. The Hospital's lead doctor told me he hopes that will

:14:30.:14:36.

mean less red tape. The bureaucracy in the NHS never allows the speed

:14:36.:14:42.

to deliver these changes. What we are hoping to have with the Circle

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model is to achieve that speed, where we can bring these new

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innovations. Hinchingbrooke hospital has around �14 million

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worth of debt. That is partly due to this big new treatment centre,

:14:54.:14:59.

which did not bring in the money it expected. The deal with Circle is

:14:59.:15:03.

meant to pay off those debts, while maintaining a full range of

:15:03.:15:06.

services. Staff have been told today that no

:15:06.:15:11.

job losses are planned. But union officials say there are bigger

:15:11.:15:16.

questions. The big worry, obviously, is the fact that they have no

:15:16.:15:21.

experience in running a district general hospital. It is one thing

:15:21.:15:26.

running private, elective surgery, compared to running the range of

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services that are run from here. Circle won the contract after

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competition, some of it from inside the NHS. It will lose money if it

:15:35.:15:41.

does not make the finances worker. But it could be earn fees if there

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is a surplus. It says the first thing that patients should see it

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is better care. People are going to see staff in charge of their own

:15:50.:15:55.

hospitals, who have autonomy to deal and do we what they think is

:15:55.:15:59.

best, be completely focused on them. Even so, many experts believe that

:15:59.:16:04.

making this work is going to be tough. But if Circle pull it off,

:16:04.:16:09.

at least some of what happens here could be copied. If they can

:16:09.:16:15.

achieve savings of this dale -- scale that they need, it will be an

:16:15.:16:19.

enormous achievement. There is no precedent for the scale of change.

:16:19.:16:24.

Circle officially take over the hospital in February of next year.

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The contract is for 10 years. But the pressure will be on to show

:16:28.:16:38.
:16:38.:16:40.

Still to come: The new brain scanning technique offering hope to

:16:40.:16:44.

patients thought to be in a vegetative state. This can only

:16:44.:16:49.

happen if you are conscious. It can only mean that they are aware. That

:16:49.:16:52.

they are responding to the instructions we are giving them,

:16:52.:16:56.

both what we are asking them to do and when we are asking them to do

:16:56.:17:06.

10 years ago, the leading chocolate manufacturers promised to tackle

:17:06.:17:10.

child labour in the massive global cocoa industry as a matter of

:17:10.:17:14.

urgency. It was hailed as a landmark agreement. But children

:17:14.:17:17.

are still being exploited and made to do dangerous work. The biggest

:17:17.:17:25.

producer in the world is the Ivory Coast, in West Africa. As many as

:17:25.:17:28.

800,000 children work in cocoa farms there. Despite promises of

:17:28.:17:32.

reforms, less than 4% of communities that produce cocoa have

:17:32.:17:41.

seen investments in schools and Deep in the cocoa belt of the Ivory

:17:41.:17:48.

Coast, it is not hard to find children at work. Cocoa is the raw

:17:48.:17:58.
:17:58.:18:00.

product that makes chocolate. No laughter, no playing, no wages.

:18:00.:18:05.

Injuries, but no first aid kit. Even the farmer barely scrapes a

:18:05.:18:14.

living. If the price is low, I lose money. Right now it is low, so I am

:18:14.:18:19.

not doing very well, he says. Yet, 10 years ago, after intense

:18:19.:18:26.

pressure, the chocolate industry signed an agreement. The promise

:18:26.:18:31.

was to act as a matter of urgency to stop hazardous child labour. But

:18:31.:18:38.

isn't that exactly what we are seeing here? The farmer said they

:18:38.:18:42.

were his children or sons of friends. But at least one was not.

:18:42.:18:47.

When I asked his name, the farmer did not know. He became embarrassed

:18:47.:18:53.

and then he just left. Many children are kept out of school and

:18:53.:19:00.

taken from their families. Kuadio Kouako's home is more than 200

:19:00.:19:08.

miles away. TRANSLATION: My father sent me here to work. I haven't

:19:08.:19:15.

seen my family for three years. This is where Coco begins its

:19:16.:19:23.

journey to our shops. Trialled workers are a common sight. The

:19:23.:19:26.

chocolate companies concede that more needs to be done to give these

:19:26.:19:36.
:19:36.:19:38.

children hopeful stop -- hope. It says that hundreds of thousands of

:19:38.:19:42.

families have been helped. Campment Paul is one such project. At its

:19:42.:19:48.

heart is a school that opened three years ago. But the villagers

:19:48.:19:52.

complain it is not big enough. Hundreds of children in this area

:19:52.:19:59.

still have no school to go to. So, had Patroclus industry acted as a

:19:59.:20:06.

matter of urgency? No! -- had the chocolate industry acted as a

:20:06.:20:13.

matter of agency? TRANSLATION: The chocolate industry has an

:20:13.:20:17.

obligation to deal with us in this humanitarian task, plans to build

:20:17.:20:21.

roads, schools, hospitals and social centres. The industry said

:20:21.:20:26.

it was committed to addressing the industry. We have been working for

:20:26.:20:30.

10 years, but it has a very challenging environment. Have other

:20:30.:20:35.

resources been insufficient? would definitely a great that more

:20:35.:20:39.

work has to be done. We have committed a substantial amount of

:20:39.:20:42.

resources in the past. Going forward, we will continue to do

:20:42.:20:46.

that. There is no disagreement at this present situation is

:20:46.:20:56.
:20:56.:20:58.

The car maker Jaguar Land Rover brought some welcome news to the

:20:58.:21:03.

economy today, announcing the creation of 1000 new jobs at its

:21:03.:21:07.

plant in Solihull. It is part of a five-year expansion by the company,

:21:07.:21:11.

which is owned by the Indian firm Tata Motors.

:21:11.:21:15.

Rick Perry, the Governor of Texas, is struggling to save his campaign

:21:15.:21:18.

for the Republican presidential nomination after a memorably poor

:21:18.:21:24.

performance in the latest televised debate. He declared his intention

:21:24.:21:28.

to close three entire government departments if he became President,

:21:28.:21:32.

and then struggled to remember which ones they were. It is the

:21:32.:21:36.

latest in a series of republican difficulties. In this report, there

:21:36.:21:41.

was some Frosch photography. -- There are some flash photography.

:21:41.:21:45.

The Republicans are searching for a candidate, a person that will

:21:45.:21:49.

challenge President Obama for the White House. The politics is a

:21:49.:21:53.

demolition derby. In the 10th debate, the wheels came off for the

:21:53.:21:57.

Governor of Texas. Three agencies of government, when I get there,

:21:57.:22:05.

argon. Commerce, education and the... What is the third one? Five!

:22:05.:22:15.

Five? OK. Commerce, education and the... They HPA? There you go!

:22:15.:22:20.

Wrong answer. He struggled on. cannot name the third one?

:22:20.:22:26.

third agency of government I would do away with, education, the...,

:22:26.:22:34.

S... Let's see... I can't. Energy was the mystery word. It took the

:22:34.:22:38.

pressure of another candidate, who is being asked to research his

:22:38.:22:42.

memory. Reporters want to know Herman came's response to

:22:42.:22:46.

allegations of sexual harassment dating back to the 1990s. I have

:22:46.:22:51.

never acted in appropriately with anyone. But one woman has gone

:22:51.:22:59.

public. He suddenly reached over and he put his hand on my leg. He

:22:59.:23:03.

put it under my skirt and reached for my genitals. He also grabbed my

:23:03.:23:07.

head and brought it towards his crotch. I don't even know who this

:23:07.:23:14.

woman is. But this former boss of godfathers pizza, who has never won

:23:14.:23:18.

an election in his life, is adored by the right wing and is determined

:23:18.:23:22.

not to be driven out of the contest. Many think this man, Mitt Romney,

:23:22.:23:26.

is bound to end up as the candidate to face Obama. The Republican race

:23:26.:23:31.

is now really the hunt for somebody that can stop him. Mitt Romney is

:23:31.:23:34.

not liked by the powerful right- wing Tea Party Movement. They do

:23:34.:23:38.

not trust him and they do not think he is conservative enough. So, they

:23:38.:23:44.

are searching desperately for another candidate. After this week,

:23:44.:23:49.

he probably has one less serious rival.

:23:49.:23:53.

Prince William is to go on a six- week tour of duty in the Falkland

:23:53.:23:58.

Islands next week. The RAF search- and-rescue pilot will find on

:23:58.:24:01.

February. It comes on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the

:24:01.:24:06.

Falklands conflict with Argentina, which continues to assert a

:24:06.:24:11.

territorial claim on the islands. A new way of communicating with

:24:11.:24:14.

brain-damaged patients who appear to be in a vegetative state has

:24:14.:24:18.

been discovered by a team of British, Canadian and Belgian

:24:18.:24:22.

scientists. They devised a method of measuring electrical activity in

:24:22.:24:26.

the brain to detect consciousness. Doctors hope it can be used as a

:24:26.:24:32.

diagnostic tool in homes and hospitals. Fergus Walsh met the

:24:32.:24:36.

team and experienced the technology for himself.

:24:36.:24:39.

Vegetative patients are awake, but so brain-damaged that they are

:24:39.:24:43.

totally unaware of their surroundings. Now,

:24:43.:24:48.

electroencephalography, or EEG, has detected awareness in three out of

:24:48.:24:55.

16 patients. Healthy volunteers are needed, so I tested the device in

:24:55.:24:59.

Cambridge. I was asked to close my eyes and imagine with killing my

:24:59.:25:04.

toes or squeezing my right hand. -- wiggling my toes. That is because

:25:04.:25:09.

thinking about movement produces the same brain pattern as doing it.

:25:09.:25:13.

The blue area was activated when I was asked to imagine wriggling my

:25:13.:25:19.

toes. When I thought about squeezing my right hand, the left

:25:19.:25:23.

side of my brain lit up, because the left hemisphere of the brain

:25:23.:25:30.

controls the right side of the body. Now, compare my results with one of

:25:30.:25:33.

the vegetative patients on the trial, published in the Lancet

:25:33.:25:37.

medical journal. You can see that their brain activity is remarkably

:25:37.:25:42.

similar to mine. This can only happen if you are conscious. It can

:25:42.:25:46.

only mean that they are aware and they are responding to the

:25:46.:25:50.

instructions that we are giving them. But what we are asking them

:25:50.:25:55.

to do and when we are asking them to do it. Rob Hayim knows what it

:25:55.:26:01.

is like to be locked in his own body. He was left paralysed after

:26:01.:26:05.

food poisoning. For eight months he could communicate only by moving

:26:05.:26:10.

his thumb, before making a full recovery. I felt completely

:26:10.:26:18.

frustrated. If I had that facility, I think it would have been a

:26:18.:26:24.

tremendous relief. To know that my life would continue. MRI scanning

:26:24.:26:29.

has detected awareness, but it is not practical for many patients.

:26:29.:26:36.

EEG is cheap, portable and could be used at the bedside to reassess

:26:36.:26:40.

vegetative patients and, perhaps, eventually allow some a means of

:26:41.:26:49.

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