14/03/2012 BBC News at Ten


14/03/2012

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Tonight at Ten: Britain and America speak with one voice on Afghanistan,

:00:10.:00:17.

Syria and Iran. At the White House, President Obama and David Cameron

:00:17.:00:25.

try to justify the continued presence in Afghanistan. We want

:00:25.:00:29.

Afghanistan to be able to look after its own security with its own

:00:29.:00:32.

security forces so we are safe at home. But the hardest message is

:00:32.:00:38.

reserved for the Iranians and their nuclear programme. The window for

:00:38.:00:42.

solving this issue diplomatically be shrinking. We will have the

:00:42.:00:44.

latest from Washington on the second day of Mr Cameron's visit.

:00:44.:00:48.

Also tonight: 22 children are among the dead in a coach crash in

:00:48.:00:52.

Switzerland. The families, most of them Belgian, confront the full

:00:52.:00:59.

horror of what happened. Eight children, we do not know what is

:00:59.:01:06.

happening with them. Children have broken legs and arms. Our teacher

:01:06.:01:15.

and hour Monitor, they are dead. More people out of work. It is now

:01:15.:01:18.

2.67 million and women account for most of the increase. The first

:01:18.:01:21.

person to be convicted by the International Criminal Court is a

:01:21.:01:25.

Congolese warlord, who forced children to fight in his army. And

:01:25.:01:27.

Chelsea strike first in their attempt to stay in the Champions'

:01:27.:01:37.
:01:37.:01:39.

League. Later, on the BBC News Channel, I will be here with the

:01:39.:01:49.
:01:49.:02:03.

sport, including the Cheltenham Good evening. President Obama has

:02:03.:02:06.

warned the Iranians that time is running out to find a diplomatic

:02:06.:02:09.

solution to the dispute over their nuclear programme. He was speaking

:02:09.:02:12.

at the White House after talks with David Cameron. Those talks also

:02:12.:02:15.

focused on Afghanistan and the likelihood of more troops returning

:02:15.:02:25.
:02:25.:02:31.

home next year. More details from What went this President do to make

:02:31.:02:35.

his British guests feel at home? The answer, the Prime Minister

:02:35.:02:40.

found today, seems to be almost nothing. The morning after the

:02:40.:02:46.

night at the game before, David Cameron was welcomed by end 19 them

:02:46.:02:50.

salute, thousands of guests on the White House lawn, and cheering

:02:51.:02:56.

English and American schoolchildren. The two leaders joked about the

:02:56.:03:00.

fact that 200 years ago, visiting Brits had tried to burn the White

:03:00.:03:04.

House to the ground. The President even tried to speak English, just

:03:04.:03:09.

like the English do. David come up we're chuffed to bits that you are

:03:09.:03:14.

here. I am looking forward to a great natter. I am confident that

:03:14.:03:19.

together we are going to keep the relationship between our two great

:03:19.:03:26.

nations absolutely top-notch. it special, called it essential,

:03:26.:03:31.

call it what you like. That relationship is the strongest ever,

:03:31.:03:36.

according to Barack Obama. Its backbone, it said, it is the

:03:36.:03:43.

military. This is a relationship between two can choose, two leaders,

:03:43.:03:49.

forged by wars - past, present - and with Israel considering

:03:49.:03:54.

military action against Iran, perhaps future as well. Today's

:03:54.:03:57.

talks may have produced few announcement but beneath this Mars,

:03:57.:04:03.

what these two leaders discussed could scare for a -- scarcely

:04:04.:04:13.

matter more. Starting with how to bring the Afghan war to a close.

:04:13.:04:18.

want Afghanistan to be able to look after its own security with its own

:04:18.:04:24.

security forces so we are safe at home. We have been there for 10

:04:24.:04:28.

years. People get weary. They know of friends and neighbours who have

:04:28.:04:35.

lost loved ones as a consequence of war. No one wants war. The two men

:04:35.:04:40.

confirmed they have examined military options for removing the

:04:40.:04:45.

Syrian President. For now, they're counting on pressure to bring him

:04:45.:04:50.

down. Our teams, all the time, kick the tyres, asked difficult

:04:51.:04:56.

questions, what are the other things we can do? It is right we do

:04:56.:05:00.

that. They are not without difficulties and complications. The

:05:00.:05:03.

focus is a transition and all the things we can do to bring that

:05:03.:05:09.

pressure to bear. Finally, Iran. The nuclear programme must be

:05:09.:05:15.

stopped and not merely contained. He said time was running out.

:05:15.:05:24.

Because we have employed so many of the options that are available to

:05:24.:05:29.

us to persuade Iran to take a diffident -- ate different course,

:05:29.:05:34.

the window for solving this diplomatically is shrinking. It is

:05:35.:05:41.

a daunting agenda for two countries that Barack Obama says stand

:05:41.:05:47.

together, worked together and beat together. This is a visit memorable

:05:47.:05:53.

for its images, its warmth, munching hot dogs at the basketball.

:05:53.:05:59.

What will matter much more is the decisions taken him about how to

:05:59.:06:09.
:06:09.:06:11.

end one war and the possibility of one, if not two more. On day two of

:06:12.:06:17.

the three-day visit, let's turn to our North America Editor. He is at

:06:17.:06:22.

the White House. Starting with Afghanistan, what did you make of

:06:22.:06:28.

the message? It is about President Obama reassuring Mr Cameron there

:06:28.:06:32.

were not be any silly election-year stance. He will not announce

:06:32.:06:36.

actually the troops are coming home next chip or tomorrow up or later

:06:36.:06:42.

this month was dubbed the Brits are worried about the idea there will

:06:42.:06:50.

be a sudden surprise. -- next year, tomorrow, or later this month. The

:06:51.:06:57.

end date is still 2014. Combat roles change next year but no

:06:57.:07:02.

surprises. The hardest message was aimed very directly at the Iranians.

:07:02.:07:08.

Those men talking very tough, suggesting, get to the table, start

:07:08.:07:12.

talking or else. They mean it. They also agreed in private that they

:07:12.:07:17.

are very worried about Israel taking military action this

:07:17.:07:21.

cheerful stuff that would cause a spike in it while prices and

:07:21.:07:27.

shatter the world economy. -- at this year. That is one of A Macro

:07:27.:07:34.

reason for their tough talking. On Syria, they are agreed that Assad

:07:34.:07:41.

should go. Mr Cameron, you can hear the frustration in his voice. What

:07:41.:07:48.

can we do? What can we looked at next? President Obama says, this is

:07:48.:07:55.

not Libya. Unique to slow down and think this through. He is thinking

:07:55.:08:03.

about his essential ally when he is saying that. The Belgian government

:08:03.:08:06.

has announced there will be a national day of mourning for the 28

:08:06.:08:09.

victims of a coach crash in Switzerland - 22 of them children

:08:09.:08:12.

aged 11 and 12. Six adults, including the two drivers, were

:08:12.:08:15.

also killed. The school party was returning home from a ski holiday

:08:15.:08:18.

in the Swiss Alps when the accident happened last night. The coach

:08:18.:08:28.
:08:28.:08:28.

crashed into a wall in a road tunnel near Sierre. It has been a

:08:28.:08:35.

truly horrific day. This is peak skiing time in Switzerland. There

:08:35.:08:40.

are lots of school coach parties in the Alps tonight. A lot of parents

:08:40.:08:45.

will be thinking anxiously this could have been a one of their

:08:45.:08:51.

children. Tonight the task of identifying the dead has begun.

:08:51.:08:55.

There is a forensic team from Belgium who will help with that

:08:55.:08:59.

process. Rescue workers have been telling as they were deeply shocked

:08:59.:09:04.

by what they discovered around this time last night in the tunnel

:09:04.:09:10.

behind me. They worked long through the night - searching for the

:09:10.:09:15.

survivors in cramped and traumatic conditions. Embedded in the tunnel

:09:15.:09:21.

wall, the coach, filled with 11 and 12-year-old children. Those who

:09:21.:09:24.

could had already clambered from the wreckage but many of their

:09:24.:09:28.

friends were still trapped inside. 200 emergency workers were called

:09:28.:09:36.

to the scene. There were 12 ambulances and eight helicopters. A

:09:36.:09:41.

pilot helped to fly out the most seriously hurt. He is a seasoned,

:09:41.:09:44.

hardened professional who is struggling to come to terms with

:09:44.:09:51.

what he saw. When we saw the first patients coming out, this was the

:09:51.:10:00.

first horrific moment for us. You could imagine how it would look

:10:00.:10:07.

inside the tunnel. The full horror of the accident was written in the

:10:07.:10:11.

match -- in the wreckage they remove this morning. The front

:10:11.:10:19.

third of the coach was ripped apart. 28 people died, including 22

:10:19.:10:23.

children and both drivers. This is the opposite side of the tunnel.

:10:23.:10:28.

The coach hit the right hand well before it collided head on with a

:10:28.:10:33.

concrete pillar that forms part of the emergency exit. It is unlikely

:10:33.:10:40.

that driver fatigue is to blame. The school party were just over an

:10:40.:10:44.

hour into their return journey. The weather and driving conditions were

:10:44.:10:50.

good. In this tunnel, there is a steep curve. It would throw the

:10:50.:10:55.

steering well if it was hit. That forms part of the investigation

:10:55.:11:04.

which is under way. The victims were from the Mao and Heverlee in

:11:04.:11:09.

Flanders. When the school gates opened, parents were still learning

:11:09.:11:18.

of the accident. Some left for Switzerland without any news at all.

:11:18.:11:23.

We have 24 children hear from our school. Eight children we do not

:11:23.:11:28.

know what is happening with them. All the children have broken legs

:11:28.:11:38.

and arms. Our teacher and hour Monitor, they are dead. Tonight,

:11:38.:11:42.

the families arrive at hospitals where 24 children are still being

:11:42.:11:47.

treated. The Belgian Prime Minister said no words can define the pain

:11:47.:11:52.

the parents must be feeling. He has declared a day of remembrance for

:11:52.:12:02.

the whole country. In the Church of St Peter's in Heverlee, the priest

:12:02.:12:07.

could offer little comfort. It is a small community that Greaves, it is

:12:07.:12:15.

a nation that Maugham's with them. The investigating prosecutor has

:12:15.:12:20.

tonight ruled out speed as a cause of the crash. Date are checking to

:12:20.:12:26.

see if there were any technical problems or they could blame driver

:12:26.:12:32.

error. It is still one of the safest forms of road travel. Less

:12:32.:12:36.

than 1% of fatalities in Europe were through coach crashes. Little

:12:36.:12:42.

comfort for those coming to beat site to see for themselves. Rescue

:12:42.:12:48.

workers said there was no sound in the tunnel. Children were not

:12:48.:12:55.

screaming, there was no shouting, they were numb with what they had

:12:55.:12:58.

experienced. There has been another rise in the number of people out of

:12:58.:13:01.

work. Unemployment increased by 28,000 in the three months to the

:13:01.:13:06.

end of January to 2.67 million. Women are among the hardest hit,

:13:06.:13:09.

making up almost 80% of those who have lost work in the past three

:13:09.:13:12.

months. Ministers say there are signs of the job market stabilising,

:13:12.:13:22.
:13:22.:13:23.

The jobs market has seemed gloomy, but today there were a few rays of

:13:23.:13:29.

sunshine. Unemployment rose by 28,000 to 2.67 million, the

:13:29.:13:34.

smallest such increase for nearly a year. As for people in work, public

:13:34.:13:38.

sector employment fell by 37,000 in the final three months of last year,

:13:38.:13:43.

but private sector employment, up by 45,000, more than made up for

:13:43.:13:48.

public sector losses. The jobless total and the number in work are

:13:48.:13:52.

both increasing because more people are actively looking for jobs, some

:13:52.:13:56.

having come back from a long-term sickness. The number of women out

:13:56.:14:01.

of work is rising faster than men. Dawn Ryder from Leicester is hoping

:14:01.:14:04.

a recruitment adviser can help after she lost her job as a middle

:14:04.:14:08.

manager with a retail chain. The experience of being unemployed has

:14:08.:14:12.

hit her hard. There so many years, I was used to get in about early

:14:13.:14:17.

hours of the morning and getting into work. Long hours, weekends.

:14:17.:14:24.

And that has now gone. You feel lost. Although I still get up, for

:14:24.:14:29.

what? Some areas of the economy are growing faster than others, and

:14:29.:14:34.

therefore creating more jobs. One example is renewable technology.

:14:34.:14:38.

This construction company is building the foundations for a wind

:14:38.:14:42.

farm, and is taking on more staff. There are fewer public sector

:14:42.:14:46.

contracts going, but the building firm has found other opportunities,

:14:46.:14:49.

like this project in Leicestershire. Last week, it signed up six

:14:49.:14:54.

apprentices. We would not take them on if we did not feel like they had

:14:54.:14:58.

a long-term future here. We took on some apprentices last year, and

:14:58.:15:04.

they are all still here, working on projects. Some experts say this

:15:04.:15:09.

reflects a more optimistic mood in other parts of the economy, to.

:15:09.:15:13.

last couple of months have seen a range of economic data coming out

:15:13.:15:17.

stronger than we had seen before. We are hopeful that that is the

:15:17.:15:22.

start of a gradual recovery. Hopefully, that should be ripped --

:15:22.:15:25.

reflected in data in the second half of the year. But if the

:15:25.:15:29.

Eurozone crisis flares up again and threatens UK Growth, that could

:15:29.:15:33.

change. The ratings agency Fitch has become the latest to one of the

:15:33.:15:37.

possibility of a downgrading the UK's triple-A credit rating, a

:15:37.:15:44.

reminder that the route to economic recovery is far from certain.

:15:44.:15:47.

China needs to embrace political reform of or which risks facing

:15:48.:15:52.

turmoil. The warning comes not from a group of activists, but from the

:15:52.:15:57.

Chinese premier himself. Wen Jiabao says China's leadership system

:15:57.:16:01.

needs to be changed, or the country might face the kind of chaos

:16:01.:16:04.

suffered during the Cultural Revolution. Mr Wen, who is due to

:16:05.:16:08.

step down next year, made the comments in his last major news

:16:08.:16:14.

conference. They are the men who wield enormous

:16:15.:16:21.

power. Over more than 1 billion people. Time a's communist leaders.

:16:21.:16:26.

They divvy up positions among themselves in secret. This year,

:16:26.:16:32.

they must get a new, younger crop. Behind the scenes, factions are

:16:32.:16:35.

vying for position and influence. Today we saw a hint of that

:16:35.:16:42.

struggle. Someone to entrench the party's grip. Wen Jiabao, at his

:16:42.:16:47.

last major press conference after ten years at the top, Mayday case

:16:47.:16:51.

for political reform. TRANSLATION: Reform of our

:16:51.:16:55.

leadership system is urgent. Without it, China's economic gains

:16:55.:16:59.

may be lost and the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution could happen

:16:59.:17:05.

again. He said he might invite people critical of his government

:17:05.:17:10.

to face-to-face talks. This evening in a poor neighbourhood of Beijing,

:17:10.:17:18.

we found some of his critics. On our old, fuzzy TV, they were

:17:18.:17:21.

watching the president on the evening news. They gathered from

:17:21.:17:25.

all over China in the capital to press their complaints about

:17:25.:17:30.

corruption and abuse by Communist officials. Mr Tan's family had

:17:30.:17:35.

their land seized. TRANSLATION: He talked about reform,

:17:35.:17:41.

but gave no timetable. People want democracy and the rule of law.

:17:41.:17:46.

elected used as well do what is best for ordinary people. So we

:17:46.:17:50.

asked, who else wanted to be allowed to elect their leaders?

:17:50.:17:57.

Everyone. But their premier, asked when China's people will be given

:17:57.:18:01.

the vote, said change must be gradual. Wen Jiabao has always been

:18:01.:18:05.

more open to talk about political reform than any of China's other

:18:05.:18:09.

leaders. He may now have an eye on his legacy, how history will view

:18:09.:18:13.

him. But the task of actually changing the way the Communist

:18:13.:18:18.

Party works will fall to its next generation. So this was his

:18:18.:18:23.

swansong, a call for others to bring reforms that he did not push

:18:23.:18:33.
:18:33.:18:36.

through in his own decade in power. Coming up: plenty of drama at

:18:36.:18:45.

Chelsea as Napoli fought extra time in the Champions League.

:18:45.:18:49.

Some leading scientists are warning that pressure from animal rights

:18:49.:18:52.

activists is reducing the number of animals being brought into the UK

:18:52.:18:56.

for research purposes, including work on new drug treatments for

:18:57.:19:01.

conditions including dementia and leukaemia and Cancer. It has

:19:01.:19:05.

emerged that all ferry companies and all but two airlines have now

:19:05.:19:11.

stopped importing animals. It is one of the most sensitive

:19:11.:19:15.

aspects of science - the use of animals, the only way to develop

:19:15.:19:20.

new drugs, according to scientists, but cruel and pointless according

:19:20.:19:24.

to protesters. Their latest campaign targets the airlines and

:19:24.:19:30.

ferries bringing animals in from abroad. This lad at University

:19:30.:19:33.

College London investigates motor your own disease. Like many, it

:19:33.:19:38.

needs mice with particular genetic traits, which often means importing

:19:38.:19:42.

them, something that is now under threat. If we are hampered doing

:19:42.:19:48.

our job as researchers, people will die unnecessarily because we cannot

:19:48.:19:54.

get to the cures. In addition, this country has a fine pharmaceutical

:19:54.:19:57.

advantage and unless they are supported, they will move. There

:19:57.:20:01.

has to be pressured was British Airways. Seven years ago, it

:20:01.:20:05.

stopped carrying live animals for research. We have only learnt this

:20:05.:20:09.

now. Then the ferry operators followed, refusing to take animals

:20:09.:20:13.

across the Channel. Only a few airlines are still doing the job,

:20:13.:20:17.

but for how much longer? Over the years, some campaigners have

:20:17.:20:21.

resorted to violence. If you have been jailed, but protesters also

:20:21.:20:25.

now use a more subtle strategy, turning to social media to pressure

:20:25.:20:30.

transport companies. Last month, one group urged supporters to leave

:20:30.:20:33.

comments on the Facebook wall of this very company. It is within the

:20:33.:20:39.

law, but highly effective. We have asked our supporters to say,

:20:39.:20:41.

peacefully and politely to the transport companies, that they

:20:41.:20:46.

would prefer to travel with airlines and shipping companies

:20:46.:20:49.

that do not cause suffering to animals. This is a potentially

:20:49.:20:54.

serious threat to Britain's role in research. Just as the Government

:20:54.:20:58.

hopes this kind of work will create new jobs. Some ministers have a

:20:58.:21:03.

struggle on their hands. We have been trying to bring together the

:21:03.:21:07.

leading companies in the life sciences sector, who do need some

:21:07.:21:10.

of these animals, and all of the transport companies, and agree a

:21:10.:21:14.

way forward. So once again, there is a battle of wills over using

:21:14.:21:18.

animals in research. Scientists and the government, pitted against

:21:18.:21:22.

activists. And some very nervous transport companies caught in the

:21:22.:21:26.

middle. The International Criminal Court

:21:26.:21:31.

has filed -- found the Congolese warlord Thomas Lubanga guilty of

:21:31.:21:34.

recruiting and using child soldiers. It is the court's first verdict

:21:34.:21:39.

since it was set up ten years ago. Lubanga headed a rebel group during

:21:39.:21:43.

an inter-ethnic conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

:21:43.:21:47.

Africa correspondent Andrew Harding, who reported on the war in eastern

:21:47.:21:50.

Congo at the time, has the story. Clearly prove that children under

:21:50.:21:55.

the age of 15... Of today the International Criminal

:21:55.:22:02.

Court's very first verdict - guilty. Lubanga is responsible as Co

:22:02.:22:07.

perpetrator for the charges off eliciting and conscripting children

:22:07.:22:14.

under the age of 15 into the army. The man in the dock - Thomas

:22:14.:22:20.

Lubanga, once a powerful warlord in central Africa. This was his

:22:20.:22:25.

conflict, eastern Congo in 2003. Child soldiers barely able to carry

:22:25.:22:31.

their guns, the youngest struggling to keep up. Foot soldiers in a

:22:31.:22:36.

tribal bloodbath. At the time, I met boys like 15-year-old May, who

:22:36.:22:41.

said he had been forced to kill after his parents had been murdered.

:22:41.:22:48.

And in the thick of it all, Thomas Lubanga himself. I don't have child

:22:48.:22:53.

soldiers, he insisted. Some of them look younger than they are. It has

:22:53.:22:58.

taken nine years for justice to arrive. Too slow, but still

:22:58.:23:04.

momentous. It is a significantly important decision for the court

:23:04.:23:08.

and for the victims, but it is also further condemnation of a crime

:23:08.:23:12.

committed throughout the region. Today's ruling sets a precedent for

:23:12.:23:19.

Africa. Plenty has changed on this confident in the past decade. But

:23:19.:23:24.

this is still a region that struggles to hold the most violent

:23:24.:23:29.

and the most powerful to account. For example, Uganda's notorious

:23:29.:23:38.

warlord, still wanted for crimes against humanity. A film about his

:23:38.:23:43.

victims by American activists went via all on the internet this week.

:23:43.:23:46.

But is this sort of outside pressure help for, or should Africa

:23:46.:23:53.

be left to solve its own problems now? At the International Court

:23:53.:24:00.

today, endorsement from a familiar celebrity campaigner. Did the

:24:00.:24:06.

victims ask for this? Mr Lubanga will remain in custody. But while

:24:06.:24:09.

Thomas Lubanga could now face life imprisonment, the court is

:24:09.:24:14.

struggling to bring others to justice. Critics say it is too slow,

:24:14.:24:19.

too weak. Still, for Lubanga's many victims, today was a victory in a

:24:19.:24:28.

long struggle Against impunity. A man who admitted concealing his

:24:28.:24:31.

father's body for almost five months after his death in order to

:24:31.:24:37.

claim his benefits has been jailed for three years. Christopher

:24:37.:24:41.

Blackburn had been living at the house in Lancashire with his ten-

:24:41.:24:44.

year-old daughter, telling her that her grandfather was asleep. Police

:24:44.:24:50.

found the body of Guy Blackburn at the property last March.

:24:50.:24:54.

Let's have some football news. It has been a dramatic night for

:24:54.:24:58.

Chelsea in the knockout stages of the Champions League. Tonight, they

:24:58.:25:01.

took on Napoli at Stamford Bridge and needed to overturn a 3-1

:25:01.:25:09.

deficit. Our sports correspondent is there.

:25:09.:25:13.

It was partly as a result of that disappointing defeat and happily in

:25:13.:25:17.

the first leg of this tie that Chelsea decide to sack their former

:25:17.:25:20.

manager, Andre Villas-Boas, a week and a half ago. This was a chance

:25:20.:25:25.

to provide some relief, make-or- break time for Chelsea in what has

:25:25.:25:29.

been a turbulent season for them. It was dramatic, but they prevailed.

:25:30.:25:34.

And then there was one. Chelsea knew only they now flew the flag

:25:34.:25:39.

for England in this season's competition. Some of the squad were

:25:39.:25:44.

playing for their futures. And it was Didier Drogba who headed some

:25:44.:25:49.

hope. Chelsea were halfway there. Roberto Di Matteo were struggling

:25:49.:25:53.

to stand up. Player power appears to be a way of life at Stamford

:25:53.:25:58.

Bridge, and returning captain John Terry soon had his say, Chelsea

:25:58.:26:03.

going through. Napoli responded, their superb finish putting the

:26:03.:26:08.

Italians 4-3 up on aggregate. But back the pendulum swung, Chelsea

:26:08.:26:13.

earning a penalty, Frank Lampard sending a pulsating game into

:26:13.:26:18.

extra-time. The lottery of the penalty shoot-out was looming. But

:26:18.:26:25.

the defenders' -- the defender's stunning strike proved decisive.

:26:26.:26:30.

Chelsea and the Premier League were through.

:26:30.:26:34.

A famous night for Stamford Bridge and for these Chelsea fans, who

:26:34.:26:38.

will be enjoying some huge relief, an opportunity to answer some of

:26:38.:26:43.

the critics the club has endured, and a big relief for English

:26:43.:26:48.

football. It has been a long time since there have been no English

:26:48.:26:51.

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