Browse content similar to 15/01/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight at ten, turmoil in Pakistan. An arrest warrant is issued for the | :00:08. | :00:15. | |
Prime Minister. Thousands on the streets demandling | :00:15. | :00:18. | |
more -- demanding more democratic Government. The Prime Minister's | :00:18. | :00:23. | |
arrest is ordered by the Supreme Court. The protesters say they will | :00:23. | :00:26. | |
keep up the pressure. The hole system will be changed | :00:26. | :00:31. | |
because this is the first first step. They have just removed the | :00:31. | :00:36. | |
Prime Minister. Also tonight, a British Airways | :00:36. | :00:40. | |
worker wins her discrimination claim after being told not to wear | :00:40. | :00:44. | |
a cross while at work. Christians can move around more | :00:44. | :00:50. | |
freely in their workplace without recrimination or discrimination. | :00:50. | :00:54. | |
The boss of HMV is convinced there is a future for the business | :00:54. | :00:57. | |
despite it going into administration. | :00:57. | :01:02. | |
Traces of horse meat are found in burgers made for some British and | :01:02. | :01:06. | |
Irish supermarkets. And women with a family history of | :01:06. | :01:09. | |
breast cancer could be offered medication to try to prevent the | :01:09. | :01:14. | |
Coming up in Sportsday later on the BBC News Channel: | :01:15. | :01:24. | |
:01:25. | :01:41. | ||
Paul McGinley will captain Europe Good evening. | :01:41. | :01:44. | |
The Supreme Court of Pakistan has tonight ordered the arrest of the | :01:44. | :01:49. | |
Prime Minister. Raja Pervez Ashraf is facing charges of corruption | :01:49. | :01:52. | |
linked to contracts for power stations. The news came as many | :01:52. | :01:54. | |
thousands of people took to the streets near the parliament to | :01:54. | :01:56. | |
protest against widespread corruption and to demand the | :01:56. | :02:01. | |
government's resignation. Our correspondent, Orla Guerin, has | :02:01. | :02:11. | |
just sent this report. Islamabad awoke to this. Chaos near | :02:11. | :02:19. | |
Parliament. Police firing in the air during a clash with protesters. | :02:19. | :02:24. | |
They are growing in numbers and in confidence. Insisting the | :02:24. | :02:30. | |
Government is corrupt and must go now before its term ends in March. | :02:30. | :02:38. | |
This mass rally just one challenge facing Pakistan's leaders. By mid- | :02:38. | :02:43. | |
afternoon, there was another. Protesters were euphoric when news | :02:43. | :02:48. | |
broke the Prime Minister was to be arrested. Well, the celebration | :02:48. | :02:53. | |
have really begun here. The crowd has just been given the news that | :02:53. | :02:57. | |
the Supreme Court has ordered the arrest of Pakistan's Prime Minister. | :02:57. | :03:01. | |
People here believe the timing of this shows that things are moving | :03:01. | :03:06. | |
their way. They see it as a victory for their cause. Protesters say | :03:06. | :03:11. | |
this is just the start of their peaceful revolution. These people | :03:11. | :03:15. | |
will not go unless the whole system will be changed. Because this is | :03:16. | :03:18. | |
the first step. We have just removed the Prime Minister, but | :03:18. | :03:23. | |
there are so many other things. And here is the Prime Minister, | :03:23. | :03:27. | |
Raja Pervez Ashraf, arriving at the Supreme Court for a previous | :03:27. | :03:32. | |
appearance. One of his aides claims the arrest ruling and the protest | :03:32. | :03:37. | |
mosm were -- moment were both engineered by Pakistan's powerful | :03:37. | :03:44. | |
military. Is that the force behind the protest leader, Tahirul Qadri? | :03:45. | :03:50. | |
He denies it, but he sounded on message today, praising the judges | :03:50. | :04:00. | |
:04:00. | :04:09. | ||
and the Army. Tonight, the protesters are staying | :04:09. | :04:13. | |
put. Ready to confront the Government again tomorrow. Is this | :04:13. | :04:22. | |
the start of a Pakistani Spring or something more sinister? Human | :04:22. | :04:29. | |
Rights campaigners are worried about an indirect coup in this | :04:29. | :04:35. | |
A British Airways employee, who was sent home from work for wearing a | :04:35. | :04:38. | |
silver cross, has won her discrimination case at the European | :04:38. | :04:41. | |
Court of Human Rights. The court decided that Nadia Eweida had | :04:41. | :04:44. | |
suffered discrimination because of her Christian beliefs. But judges | :04:44. | :04:47. | |
ruled that the rights of three other Christians, a nurse, a | :04:47. | :04:51. | |
registrar and a counsellor had not been violated by their employers. | :04:51. | :04:59. | |
Robert Piggott has more details. This was the day an airline check- | :04:59. | :05:05. | |
in clerk took her fight to display a cross wot work to Europe's | :05:05. | :05:08. | |
highest court and won. Nadia Eweida confirms that wearing a cross is a | :05:08. | :05:15. | |
way of expressing Christian beliefs. Nadia Eweida's case was special, | :05:15. | :05:21. | |
the court said her cross was discreet. She said the judgement | :05:21. | :05:25. | |
sent a signal to employers. It means Christians can more around | :05:25. | :05:28. | |
more freely in their workplace without recrimination or | :05:28. | :05:31. | |
discrimination. Three other Christians lost their | :05:31. | :05:35. | |
cases. Shirley Chaplin, a nurse from Exeter, was told by her | :05:35. | :05:42. | |
employers that the cross she wore was unhygienic. Lillian Ladele, a | :05:42. | :05:47. | |
council worker lost her job when she refused to register civil | :05:47. | :05:53. | |
partnerships and Gary McFarlane was sacked when he refused to counsel | :05:53. | :05:55. | |
gay couples about their relationships. | :05:55. | :06:01. | |
A lot of Christians will remain hidden. Remain unable to exercise | :06:01. | :06:05. | |
the, I would say, the minimum expressions of their faiths because | :06:05. | :06:11. | |
of the intimidation effect. Legal experts say the judgement | :06:11. | :06:15. | |
gives discretion to employers to override the religious concerns of | :06:15. | :06:19. | |
staff. If I have a concern that it is going to affect health and | :06:19. | :06:23. | |
safety. If I have a concern that it is going to affect my ability to | :06:23. | :06:27. | |
provide a service in a non discriminatory fashion, then I can | :06:27. | :06:32. | |
limit the right of an employee to manifest their religious belief | :06:32. | :06:36. | |
that that way. Today's judgement sets a legal seal | :06:36. | :06:40. | |
on years in which Christians have gone to British courts and tried | :06:40. | :06:44. | |
unsuccessfully to defend their values against secular ones. It | :06:44. | :06:48. | |
confirms although people are entitled to hold religious beliefs, | :06:48. | :06:52. | |
they won't be allowed to infrinlge -- infringe the rights of other | :06:52. | :06:56. | |
people in the workplace. Secularists claim the European | :06:56. | :06:59. | |
Court's judgement will stop religious views being given special | :06:59. | :07:02. | |
privileges. We're delighted that they haven't | :07:02. | :07:07. | |
resulted in the creation of a hierarchy of religious rights with | :07:07. | :07:13. | |
religion at the top and gay people potentially badly affected. | :07:13. | :07:16. | |
For decades, the influence of Christian teaching on British | :07:16. | :07:19. | |
culture and law has been waning. Today, the European Court of Human | :07:19. | :07:29. | |
:07:29. | :07:31. | ||
Rights left a milestone on the road The chief executive of HMV says he | :07:31. | :07:34. | |
is convinced there's a future for the business despite it going into | :07:34. | :07:37. | |
administration. More than 4,000 jobs are at risk as pressure from | :07:37. | :07:42. | |
supermarkets and online competitors has taken its toll. The high street | :07:42. | :07:45. | |
chain, established over 90 years ago, has already stopped accepting | :07:45. | :07:52. | |
gift vouchers as Emma Simpson reports. The first HMV store. The | :07:52. | :07:55. | |
company has been a high street fixture for the best part of a | :07:55. | :07:59. | |
century. It is still trading on Oxford Street today, but they are | :07:59. | :08:04. | |
no longer accepting gift vouchers. They accepted the money | :08:04. | :08:07. | |
straightaway when you buy the vouchers and now they don't want to | :08:07. | :08:11. | |
give you the goods and that's despicable. | :08:11. | :08:14. | |
It was a Christmas gift that's worthless. | :08:14. | :08:16. | |
If they are still trading and people paid good money for the | :08:16. | :08:21. | |
voupers, I don't -- vouchers, I don't see why they should not be | :08:22. | :08:26. | |
able to redeem them. HMV said the the vouchers were sold | :08:26. | :08:31. | |
in good faith. The boss told me he believes the firm can survive. | :08:31. | :08:37. | |
I came here four months to the to - - four months ago not to close the | :08:37. | :08:44. | |
business down. I am here today because I believe in that future. | :08:44. | :08:50. | |
HMV has come a long way since these days when Beatlemania was taking | :08:50. | :08:57. | |
off. Happy memories for many. Rapid expansion followed. At one point it | :08:57. | :09:01. | |
was worth over �1 billion, but the way we buy and listen to music | :09:01. | :09:07. | |
today has been transformed by the internet. A decade ago, online | :09:07. | :09:12. | |
accounted for just 6.5% of all music and film sales. Now, it is | :09:12. | :09:19. | |
more than 70%. HMV failed to adapt. The shift to online has not just | :09:19. | :09:25. | |
affected HMV with its large number of stores. Just before Christmas, | :09:25. | :09:30. | |
Comet ceased trading, last week it was Jessops and more casualties are | :09:30. | :09:35. | |
likely. The sectors that are most in difficulty are things like | :09:35. | :09:41. | |
entertainment, like furniture, like electricicals as well. For some | :09:41. | :09:45. | |
retailers they are entering their fourth or fifth year of difficulty | :09:45. | :09:48. | |
now and that is putting pressure on balance sheets and the | :09:48. | :09:52. | |
profitability of the companies. HMV is in the hands of | :09:52. | :09:57. | |
administrators. The race is on to fin a buyer. Even if one can be | :09:57. | :10:06. | |
found, store closures and job In Syria, more than 80 people are | :10:06. | :10:09. | |
reported to have been killed in two explosions at the University of | :10:09. | :10:15. | |
Aleppo. The blasts happened as students were sitting exams. Aleppo | :10:15. | :10:17. | |
has seen intense fighting between government and opposition forces | :10:17. | :10:20. | |
since the conflict began. Both sides have blamed each other for | :10:20. | :10:26. | |
the latest attacks. President Hollande of France has | :10:26. | :10:29. | |
said his forces will end their military intervention in Mali only | :10:29. | :10:32. | |
when the country is considered safe and no longer under threat from | :10:32. | :10:35. | |
terrorists, in his words. The French military is attempting to | :10:35. | :10:38. | |
drive out Islamist rebels linked to Al-Qaeda who were set to over-run | :10:38. | :10:41. | |
government forces. The rebels control the northern half of the | :10:41. | :10:46. | |
country and have been pushing into the government-controlled south. | :10:46. | :10:51. | |
From the capital, Bamako, Andrew Harding sent this report. | :10:51. | :10:55. | |
No boots on the ground here for Britain, but a small supporting | :10:55. | :10:59. | |
role in what is shaping up as a major West African war. The first | :10:59. | :11:03. | |
of two RAF transport planes arrived in Mali early this morning. | :11:03. | :11:08. | |
Carrying French hardware and a handful of French troops. | :11:08. | :11:12. | |
France is busy rushing reinforcements to its former colony. | :11:12. | :11:22. | |
:11:22. | :11:23. | ||
In an an effort to bolster Mali's own army and prevent the country | :11:23. | :11:29. | |
falling to Islamic militants. TRANSLATION: We have seen the enemy | :11:29. | :11:32. | |
is ready to fight and should not be under estimated. | :11:32. | :11:37. | |
In Mali's capital, the French are being seen as saviours. | :11:37. | :11:41. | |
TRANSLATION: Without them, the terrorists would have taken this | :11:41. | :11:48. | |
city. We would be refugees by now. France's military intervention here | :11:48. | :11:52. | |
is certainly popular, but things are about to get more complicated. | :11:52. | :11:58. | |
The plan is for troops backed by forces from neighbouring West | :11:58. | :12:02. | |
African countries to take the lead now in liberating all of Mali. That | :12:02. | :12:08. | |
could be messy. West Africa's top brass, not famous for quick | :12:08. | :12:12. | |
decisions, have gathered here today to speed things up and to work out | :12:12. | :12:17. | |
who is calling the shots. The French will presumably do their own | :12:17. | :12:22. | |
thing. But here is how this new alliance against Mali's Islamist | :12:22. | :12:28. | |
rebels are shaping up. France operating from Bamako and Chad will | :12:28. | :12:32. | |
contribute 2,500 troops and air support. While a separate course | :12:32. | :12:37. | |
over 3,000 strong, is being formed from among Mali's neighbours. That | :12:37. | :12:44. | |
force will be led by regional giant gi gearia with Senegal and Niger | :12:44. | :12:48. | |
and Guinea among those offering support, the original plan included | :12:48. | :12:52. | |
months of preparation and only a fraction had been ze deployed so | :12:52. | :12:59. | |
far. Tonne, the first uner -- tonne, the first unverified footage | :12:59. | :13:03. | |
showing a rebel convoy being destroyed by a French airstrike, | :13:03. | :13:06. | |
elsewhere, the rebels have the upper hand. Here, forcing these | :13:06. | :13:13. | |
Government soldiers into yet another retreat. It is too soon to | :13:13. | :13:16. | |
tell, but this could be another long war. | :13:16. | :13:20. | |
Coming up: The wonder product that is stronger | :13:20. | :13:24. | |
than steel, discovered in Britain, but are we falling behind in | :13:24. | :13:34. | |
:13:34. | :13:37. | ||
One of Britain's senior police officers has told the BBC that the | :13:37. | :13:39. | |
government's drug strategy in England and Wales is not working | :13:39. | :13:43. | |
because there is too much emphasis on criminal prosecutions. Chief | :13:43. | :13:47. | |
Constable Tim Hollis of Humberside, who speaks for police leaders on | :13:47. | :13:52. | |
drugs policy, says responsibility for the strategy should be moved | :13:52. | :14:00. | |
from Home Office to health. A drugs raid on Humberside. Police | :14:00. | :14:09. | |
burst into find suspects. One had been released from prison that | :14:09. | :14:13. | |
morning. Seeing suspect strapped in the revolving door of law | :14:13. | :14:15. | |
enforcement has led chief constables to conclude the Home | :14:15. | :14:18. | |
Office should no longer be in charge of the government's drugs | :14:18. | :14:24. | |
strategy in England and Wales. have been involved in law | :14:24. | :14:28. | |
enforcement for 30 years there, and enforcement alone is not the | :14:28. | :14:34. | |
solution. Are you critical of what the Home Office is doing? They tend | :14:34. | :14:37. | |
to revert to the enforced no narrative, rather than looking at a | :14:37. | :14:42. | |
greater range of solutions. argument is not for | :14:42. | :14:45. | |
decriminalisation, but the chief constable, who is also the | :14:45. | :14:49. | |
spokesman on drugs for Chief Police officers, thinks the Department of | :14:49. | :14:54. | |
Health should take responsibility for the strategy. Carr has been in | :14:54. | :14:58. | |
and out of jail for drug offences for years, but after medical help | :14:58. | :15:03. | |
is now clean. He says treating addicts as criminals simply | :15:03. | :15:07. | |
perpetuates the problem. I would rather send them to a doctor. | :15:07. | :15:10. | |
Locking them up and throwing away the key will not get you nowhere. | :15:10. | :15:15. | |
In a report out today, the British Medical Association agrees, saying | :15:15. | :15:19. | |
doctors should have much more of a say in framing national drug policy. | :15:19. | :15:24. | |
Drug addicts are seen as criminals, which puts them off from seeking | :15:24. | :15:28. | |
medical help. That is a pity, because first and foremost, the | :15:28. | :15:33. | |
drug addict should be seen as a patient, certainly by the medical | :15:33. | :15:37. | |
profession, and they need our help. Tree eating illicit drug use as a | :15:37. | :15:41. | |
health issue rather than a crime was the official policy for most of | :15:41. | :15:45. | |
the 20th century. Indeed, it was known internationally as the | :15:45. | :15:49. | |
British system. But the Home Office is adamant that we should not go | :15:49. | :15:52. | |
back to that. They say the current policy is working, the number of | :15:52. | :15:56. | |
people using drugs is falling and the number of people in treatment | :15:56. | :16:00. | |
and coming off drugs is rising. The suggestion that governments should | :16:01. | :16:04. | |
revert to a system abandoned more than 40 years ago is seen by some | :16:04. | :16:08. | |
as dangerous. The idea that the drugs policy should go to the | :16:08. | :16:13. | |
Department of Health is nonsense. It is primarily a law and order | :16:13. | :16:16. | |
issue, the reason being that the Government has a responsibility to | :16:16. | :16:21. | |
protect people, particularly children. A committee of MPs | :16:21. | :16:23. | |
recently recommended that the responsibility for drugs policy be | :16:23. | :16:27. | |
shared between health and the Home Office. The Government looks | :16:28. | :16:33. | |
unlikely to agree. Beefburgers manufactured for some | :16:33. | :16:36. | |
British and Irish supermarkets have been found to contain traces of | :16:36. | :16:40. | |
horsemeat, according to the Food Safety Authority of Ireland. The | :16:40. | :16:44. | |
retailers concerned have withdrawn the products, and officials say | :16:44. | :16:49. | |
there is no risk to public health. Our correspondent is with me with | :16:49. | :16:53. | |
more details? This Irish investigation looked at 27 | :16:53. | :16:58. | |
beefburgers and found that in 10 of them, there was horse DNA. It found | :16:58. | :17:05. | |
minute levels on the whole, but in one Tesco beefburger, it was found | :17:05. | :17:10. | |
to be 29% horsemeat. The majority of these beefburgers also contained | :17:10. | :17:16. | |
some pork. Products from Lidl, Aldi and Iceland are also affected. They | :17:16. | :17:20. | |
have all been withdrawn from the shelves. It is important to stress | :17:20. | :17:25. | |
that there is no problem with human health. There is no danger. Tesco | :17:25. | :17:29. | |
has apologised, however, for any distress that this horse meat might | :17:30. | :17:35. | |
have caused people, and the pork as well, of course. It has launched | :17:35. | :17:39. | |
investigations, as have the suppliers of the supermarkets. | :17:39. | :17:43. | |
Those suppliers are two factories in Ireland and one in North | :17:43. | :17:49. | |
Yorkshire. One of them today has stressed that it has never bought | :17:49. | :17:53. | |
horsemeat, and says it in turn has launched its own investigation into | :17:53. | :18:00. | |
two of its European suppliers. President Obama is preparing to | :18:00. | :18:03. | |
unveil his plans for tackling America's problem with gun violence. | :18:04. | :18:08. | |
He said last month's shooting at a school in Connecticut, when 20 | :18:08. | :18:13. | |
children and six adults were killed, was the worst day of his presidency. | :18:13. | :18:16. | |
Tonight, the parents of Dylan Hartley, the six-year-old British | :18:16. | :18:23. | |
boy killed in the shooting, have spoken to the BBC. | :18:23. | :18:26. | |
Dylan Hartley had an infectious smile and a quirky way of speaking. | :18:26. | :18:30. | |
He had been diagnosed with autism. The family relocated here from | :18:30. | :18:35. | |
Britain two years ago. Now, for the first time, Dylan's parents are | :18:35. | :18:40. | |
opening up about losing their son. I was at work, and an e-mail came | :18:40. | :18:45. | |
through the school messenger system saying the school was in lockdown. | :18:46. | :18:50. | |
Then the local media were reporting a shooting at the school. That was | :18:50. | :18:55. | |
a shock. As I was driving over, I pick up on social media that not | :18:55. | :19:00. | |
just one person was shot, but 27 were dead. He met his wife at the | :19:00. | :19:07. | |
fire station next to the school. After a while, as the kids were all | :19:07. | :19:12. | |
leaving with their parents, you just start wandering around, | :19:12. | :19:20. | |
thinking, where Riz mine? And then, confirmation of the worst. The | :19:20. | :19:26. | |
police confirmed that 20 children had been shot, and the room erupted. | :19:26. | :19:31. | |
I remember I started shaking and could not stop. Everyone was | :19:31. | :19:36. | |
thinking, which kids? Not mine. There are more than 20 people in | :19:36. | :19:42. | |
this room. It is not mine. It was around 3 o'clock that they came in | :19:42. | :19:48. | |
to give their status report. It had to be announced about point that | :19:48. | :19:53. | |
everybody that was left in the school was dead. A month on in | :19:53. | :19:58. | |
Newtown, a few flowers remain, but the sign for Sandy Hook elementary | :19:58. | :20:03. | |
has gone. The surviving pupils are at school elsewhere. It is far from | :20:03. | :20:08. | |
clear whether the school will ever reopen. A lot of people here would | :20:08. | :20:12. | |
rather it was demolished and turned into a memorial. But new town | :20:12. | :20:16. | |
agrees that from a tragedy should come transformation, that there | :20:17. | :20:20. | |
should be political change in Washington. For many here, that | :20:20. | :20:25. | |
means gun-control. Tomorrow, the president who shed tears for Sandy | :20:25. | :20:28. | |
Hook will call for stricter background checks and a renewed | :20:28. | :20:32. | |
bout on the sale of assault rifles. Since the shooting, gun sales have | :20:32. | :20:39. | |
soared and the gun lobby has powerful friends in Congress, but | :20:39. | :20:44. | |
the Hockleys believe the president will act. All other shootings have | :20:44. | :20:48. | |
been terrible tragedies, but with very small children now being the | :20:48. | :20:52. | |
target of this, how can it possibly get worse? If they cannot address | :20:52. | :20:56. | |
this now, it is it's as if they think they will never address it | :20:56. | :21:01. | |
and this will go on. Dylan's body was found cradled in the arms of a | :21:01. | :21:09. | |
classroom assistant, an agonising loss and a force for change. | :21:09. | :21:13. | |
Women with a family history of breast cancer could be offered | :21:13. | :21:17. | |
preventive medication. If approved, the guidelines from the regulator | :21:17. | :21:20. | |
NICE would apply to patients in England and Wales from this summer. | :21:20. | :21:25. | |
The shift in policy has been described as historic by a leading | :21:25. | :21:32. | |
breast cancer charity. Breast cancer cells. What makes | :21:32. | :21:36. | |
them grow in one person and not another? There is a growing | :21:36. | :21:41. | |
understanding of how this cancer works. Now in some women, drugs | :21:41. | :21:46. | |
could be used to prevent it developing. Emma has been blogging | :21:46. | :21:50. | |
about her experience. She found out she had a faulty gene that put her | :21:50. | :21:54. | |
at high risk of breast cancer, so high that she had a double | :21:54. | :21:58. | |
mastectomy. But her surgeon held out hope that when her eight-year- | :21:58. | :22:03. | |
old daughter grows up, there may be other options. I was fretting at | :22:03. | :22:11. | |
the time that my daughter, who was very young at the time, and he said | :22:11. | :22:18. | |
to me, let's concentrate on you. Your daughter will probably simply | :22:18. | :22:22. | |
just take a pill which would negate her risk. Her for women at the | :22:22. | :22:26. | |
highest risk, the best treatment would probably still be surgery for | :22:26. | :22:31. | |
now, but for some, the NHS might start using drugs to prevent cancer | :22:31. | :22:36. | |
developing. So how is breast-cancer risk measured? Women with a strong | :22:36. | :22:41. | |
family history, one or more cases of the cancer in their close | :22:41. | :22:45. | |
relatives, can speak to their doctor. The GP sends them for | :22:45. | :22:50. | |
screening for genetic testing. Around 3% of women over 30 are at | :22:50. | :22:56. | |
higher risk of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is already used to treat | :22:56. | :23:01. | |
breast cancer. Now research shows that it can also help prevent it. | :23:01. | :23:05. | |
But there are side-effects, so the benefits only outweigh the risks | :23:05. | :23:12. | |
for women in a higher risk group. Whether to take these drugs will be | :23:12. | :23:18. | |
a personal decision, one most people will make with a doctor. For | :23:18. | :23:22. | |
the cancer specialists, this is the new frontier of helping people at | :23:22. | :23:26. | |
risk of cancer. It is fantastic if we can start preventing a lot of | :23:26. | :23:34. | |
cancers. That is good for us and the patience. And it helps us learn. | :23:34. | :23:40. | |
Most women will still rely on screening once they are over 50. | :23:40. | :23:44. | |
Breast cancer is already treated very successfully. Now we are | :23:44. | :23:50. | |
seeing the first steps towards it being prevented. | :23:50. | :23:53. | |
Football news now. Gordon Strachan has been confirmed as the New | :23:53. | :23:56. | |
Scotland football manager. The former Celtic and Middlesbrough | :23:56. | :24:01. | |
boss had been favoured to take over from Craig Levein, who left in | :24:01. | :24:04. | |
November after a poor start to Scotland's World Cup qualifying | :24:04. | :24:08. | |
campaign. Graphene has been widely hailed as | :24:08. | :24:12. | |
a dazzling super product, the thinnest substance ever created. | :24:12. | :24:16. | |
Two scientists at Manchester University won the Nobel Prize for | :24:16. | :24:20. | |
Physics for their work in isolating it. But it is not being developed | :24:20. | :24:25. | |
as much in the UK as it is in countries such as China, according | :24:25. | :24:30. | |
to a new study. The glittering prospect of a | :24:30. | :24:36. | |
strange new substance that could lead to a new industrial revolution. | :24:36. | :24:40. | |
The tiny black specks on this tape are the extraordinary material | :24:40. | :24:44. | |
known as graphene. It is at Manchester University that it has | :24:44. | :24:51. | |
been pioneered, earning two of its scientists Nobel prizes. It is like | :24:51. | :24:57. | |
the early days of discovery of the atom or something like that. It is | :24:57. | :25:04. | |
so surprisingly rich, and this is because we get a new world of | :25:04. | :25:09. | |
materials which we were not aware of before. To understand graphene, | :25:09. | :25:12. | |
you need to see the world through new eyes. Not the normal three | :25:12. | :25:17. | |
dimensions we are used to - height, width and length. Imagine his today | :25:17. | :25:23. | |
material so thin that it only has two dimensions. That is graphene. | :25:23. | :25:27. | |
Graphene is so minute that you need one of the most powerful | :25:27. | :25:31. | |
microscopes in the world to get a sight of it. Here it is, a single | :25:31. | :25:35. | |
layer of atoms, the thinnest material ever created, so thin that | :25:35. | :25:39. | |
it has basically only got two dimensions. Let's use virtual | :25:39. | :25:43. | |
reality to get a closer look, because it has extraordinary | :25:43. | :25:48. | |
properties. If you stretch graphene, it turns out to be stronger than | :25:48. | :25:52. | |
steel or even diamond at the same scale, useful for making all kinds | :25:52. | :26:01. | |
of things more robust. It conducts electricity more effectively than | :26:01. | :26:05. | |
copper, vital for future electronics. It is also flexible. | :26:05. | :26:09. | |
You can bend it any way you want. You can have a computer screen that | :26:09. | :26:13. | |
could fold up like paper. This promotional video from Samsung | :26:13. | :26:16. | |
shows one view of the kind of gadgets that could emerge with | :26:16. | :26:26. | |
graphene. Paper thin, flexible, 3-D. So there is a global race to | :26:26. | :26:30. | |
exploit it. A key measure of who is winning that race is revealed by | :26:30. | :26:36. | |
the patterns failed for different aspects of graphene. China has more | :26:36. | :26:40. | |
than 2000. Samsung has more than 400, the most of any company. And | :26:40. | :26:47. | |
Britain, which led the field nearly a decade ago, has just 42. There is | :26:47. | :26:51. | |
not an appreciation in Britain of how intense the competition is | :26:51. | :26:54. | |
internationally around graphene, how focused our international | :26:54. | :26:59. | |
competitors are run developing this material and its Applications, and | :26:59. | :27:04. |