02/07/2013 BBC News at Ten

turmoil in Egypt, as the sense of national crisis intensifies. In

central Cairo, once again tonight, many thousands gather, as supporters

and opponents of the president clash on the streets. More ministers have

resigned from the Morsi government, but the president is resisting

pressure to compromise. government, the Muslim Brotherhood

has been inexperienced and times incompetent, but here on the

streets, it is a well-organised and tenacious movement. In clashes this

evening, seven people were killed and dozens were injured. We'll have

the latest from Cairo. Also tonight... Wales is to be the first

country in the UK to have a system of presumed consent for organ

donation. Stop-and-search powers in England and Wales are used too

widely and are unfair to people from ethnic minorities, say ministers.

Inside the Sharia justice system in Syria - we have a special report.

And at Wimbledon, the player who knocked out reigning champion Serena

Williams is through to the semifinal line-up is complete at

Wimbledon, with Sabine BBC Arabic facing fourth seed Agnieszka

thousands have taken to the streets of Cairo as the pressure on

President Morsi intensifies. The Egyptian army says it has drawn up

plans to set up an interim council if the president fails to reach

agreement with his opponents by tomorrow night. More senior members

of his administration have resigned during the day. Our Middle East

editor, Jeremy Bowen, has just sent President, in the Muslim Brotherhood

and in the protection of God. This was a rally supporting President

Morsi at Cairo University, but there were others elsewhere in the city

and across the country. The Brotherhood can turn out big crowds,

too. Some young men with martyrdom on their minds brandished Ariel

shrouds. The Muslim Brotherhood says violence should play no part in what

is happening. But people should be able to express themselves however

they like. The Brotherhood has been working towards the power it has now

since it was founded in 1928. The Plaza outside the university shook

with their determination not to let the army take it away. When the

people are in the streets, the army cannot shoot the people. It must

listen to the voices of the supporters, as we listened to their

voices. Do you think that the Army's threats to intervene are

effectively a cool? The army made a very big mistake. President Morsi

needs these supporters. He needs all the help he can get. His government

is crumbling, with that least six ministers having resigned. Even his

spokesman has gone. In government, the Muslim Brotherhood has been

inexperienced and at times incompetent. But here on the

streets, it is a well-organised and tenacious movement. Removing it from

power is not going to be easy, whoever wants to do it. Protests

were everywhere in Cairo today, and the Armed Forces released pictures

of anti-Morsi crowds on Sunday, taken from its helicopters. These

images must have come true but it do the decision of the generals to

intervene. On this street, they believe the Army is their last hope.

The street leads to Tahrir Square. Demonstrations were passing through

this morning, as they have so many times before. Like the whole

country, they have been hit badly by political chaos and economic

collapse since the regime went in 2011. Security walls attacked

government buildings from clashes which often happen here. Locals say

the walls have put many shops out of business. To taxi drivers, two

accounts clerks, in a cafe like many others, blame President Morsi.

TRANSLATION: He is responsible for everything that has gone wrong. Fuel

was available in Mubarak's time. Now, there is no fuel, there is no

food, we cannot find jobs. People are afraid to go out. Would you be

better off now with a man like Mubarak? I think yes. Yes, Mubarak.

It was safer then, he said. Tahrir Square was full again with

anti-Morsi protesters. They know the Army is talking to the government,

but they are determined that whatever happens, Morsi must go.

This evening, there were armed clashes in parts of Cairo. This

Morsi supporter said he was hit by shotgun pellets. This country is

deep in a dangerous crisis, and violence seems to be spreading. They

need a political deal badly, or even We will have more from Jeremy in

Cairo in just a few minutes time. President Morsi took office a year

ago, promising to govern for all Egyptians. But his administration

has struggled to contain an economic crisis and faced endless claims of

broken promises. Our diplomatic correspondent, James Robbins,

considers the nature of the challenge and the international

years ago. President Hosni Mubarak, autocrat, had been brought down by

people power. Real, free elections beckoned. Today, it can look as if

that never happened. The light has given way to anger among a large

section of Egypt's people. How did it come to this, and so quickly?

Just one year ago, Mohamed Morsi took office as president, with his

Muslim Brotherhood, missing to govern for all Egyptians. But could

he unite the country and save it from economic collapse? He did win

Egypt's first free democratic elections, but by a narrow margin.

In the decisive second round, he got just over 51% of the vote. With a

population of at least 80 million, Egypt is by far the largest Arab

nation. Was that narrow victory a sufficient mandate for Mr Moore C to

move Egypt towards an Islamic state? For his critics, his priority should

be fixing a broken economy. They accuse him of failing on that.

Unemployment is rising alarmingly. Unofficial figures are much higher.

Youth unemployment is of special cause for concern. With poverty and

malnutrition rising, the economy is stumbling badly. Currency reserves

are running out. They have used about half of their savings account

and they have been relying on money from abroad, from their Arab allies.

If that money dries up, if multilateral money from the IMF and

so forth does not emerge, they have probably only got about six or 12

months before the economy goes down the toilet. The Army has threatened

unspecified intervention. The high command see themselves as guardians

of a stable Egypt, kingmakers, if necessary. They also seem determined

to stop President Morsi eroding all of their power and huge economic

interests. Now, President Morsi is feeling the heat of international

alarm as well. Barack Obama, completing his African tour,

telephone Egypt's embattled leader and urged him to resolve the crisis

through a political process. forces at work in politics,

economics, religion and security in this region are going to take a

decade or so to play at. President Morsi is under immediate

pressure, to bend, to find some middle ground to share with his

opponents. For the latest, Jeremy Bowen is in central Cairo. Jeremy,

the military's deadline is tomorrow - what options does President Morsi

have? Well, in the last few minutes, President Morsi has put a statement

out on twitter, and he has called upon the Army to withdraw its

ultimatum, and he has said as well that they will not accept internal

or external dictation of what it is they have to do. Frankly, I cannot

see circumstances in which the Army would withdraw its ultimatum, unless

what it wants to happen has happened, which is for the two sides

to come together, to find a mutually acceptable way forward. But their

positions are so far apart. The people below me in Tahrir Square,

people against the President, say he must go, there must be an election.

On the other side, there is the president saying he will stay in

office, and that they will not be dictated to. There is a huge gap. It

looks very much as if the Army have will to find a way of going through

with its threat. It has not said exactly what he described to do. The

Reuters news agency has said that the Army is considering suspending

the constitution, which is a controversial document because of

the amount of religious law which is in it, and dissolving the National

Assembly, which is dominated by Islamist MPs. So, that is something

which clearly the Muslim Brotherhood would be very much against.

Unfortunately, at moment, and negotiations are going on, so who

knows, but at the moment, it is looking a bit like a collision

And there's more information on the deepening crisis in Egypt on the BBC

Members of the National Assembly of Wales have voted in the past few

minutes to allow doctors to take a person's organs after death, unless

they have registered their objection. Wales is now set to

become the first country in the UK to introduce a system of presumed

consent for organ donation, despite concerns from church leaders and

others. Our correspondent Hywel It is a choice that can change

lives. Britain's transplant system has always depended on card-carrying

volunteers choosing to become donors. But from 2015, every adult

living in Wales will automatically become a potential donor, unless

they choose to opt out. The organ donation bill Wales has passed.

decision was arguably the most important in the Welsh Assembly's

short history. There is nothing at all to be scared of. The legislation

makes it absolutely clear that if you are not comfortable with being

an organ donor, you have an absolute right in the centrist way possible

to opt out of the system. It is a change which cannot come quickly

enough for Martyn Griffiths. Born with heart and lung problems, he has

spent much of his life on a waiting list. This could bring him closer to

a transplant. I am just crossing my fingers that it will happen in

Wales, and then we can all have a lot more hope for each other.

are currently more than 10,000 people across the UK waiting for a

transplant organ. But demand massively dwarfs supply. Changing

the law in Wales alone will not transform the numbers. Only 15 extra

donors are expected her year. At this transplant unit, they have

already seen an increase in donations in recent years. The

change in the law will not only have an impact here. Organs donated

within Wales do not just stay within its borders. They are matched with

patients from across the UK. That could benefit families like

Oliver's, who live in Oswestry, on the English side of the border.

Although his parents do not come under the new law, it could help

Oliver find a heart transplant. If we do not get an organ, Oliver will

die. It is black and white. It is tragic for those people that are

going to lose their life. But if they are going to lose their life,

then, to give life to somebody else is just massive. A similar change in

England, Scotland and Northern Ireland seems unlikely. There have

been consultations, but there have been vigorous objections. But Wales

has now chosen to follow a different quarter of England's 111 health

advice lines, is to pull out of two of its contracts.

The move raises questions about the future participation of one of the

biggest providers of the NHS nonemergency telephone service,

which has already faced significant problems. Our health correspondent

is here with the details. This is a major blow to the helpline service

from nonemergencies. It is run by a number of providers. One of those is

NHS Direct, with a quarter of the contracts. Today NHS Direct said it

is pulling out of two areas, north Essex and Cornwall and the Isles of

Scilly. It also raises questions about nine other areas, saying that

they were not financially sustainable. NHS officials say they

are working to find a solution. This is not the first time a solution has

been required. The 111 number has been plagued with difficulties since

it launched at Easter, with patients facing extremely long waits and

calls just being abandoned by patients. But the government says it

is a good idea to have this service, that it is running well now. It says

95% of the calls are answered within 60 seconds. But it seems that there

are still problems behind-the-scenes.

A British man killed in a suicide bomb attack in Afghanistan today has

been named as Mark Duffus, a 41-year-old security contractor from

Moray in Scotland. He was one of at least seven people who died in the

blast at a need to supply a's compound in the capital Kabul.

A court in South Africa has ordered that the bodies of three of nine --

Nelson Mandela's children must be exhumed by tomorrow afternoon. The

court also ordered that they be reburied in the town of Qunu in the

Eastern Cape where Mr Mandela spent much of his early life. The bodies

were allegedly moved from a family graveyard by one of the former

president's grandsons. Mr Mandela remains in hospital in a critical

but stable condition. Nelson Mandela was born in these

hills, and will be buried here, too, but where exactly? He has always

insisted that his grave should be here in Qunu, the village he grew up

in and where he retired to until his health crumbled. But now his

grandson, Mandla, is causing tensions in an already fractious

family. He recently exhumed the bodies of three of Nelson Mandela's

children and moved them from Qunu to this nearby village, Mvezo. Mandla

is now chief here. He has built this huge complex in honour of his

grandfather, and the suspicion is that he wants his grave here, too,

in order to attract more tourists. But opposition is growing. It was

totally wrong for Mandla Mandela to remove bones from Qunu to Mvezo.

According to our culture and tradition, you cannot just take a

decision. With Nelson Mandela in hospital, the rest of his family

sent lawyers today to try to force Mandla to return the graves. Then

the police opened a criminal case against him. Nelson Mandela's close

relatives are cosmopolitan, but old traditions remain in force. So this

uncomfortable dispute about the Mandela graves is being taken

extremely seriously by all concerned. Some worry that the row

is affecting Nelson Mandela's own condition. It is believed that an

elderly member of the family, or any member of the family, would not have

a smooth transition in their life to the afterlife if there was still

some dispute in the family. So you can see the urgency? This is the

fierce urgency of the moment which cannot be overemphasised. Towards

the end of a grand, dignified life, an unseemly quarrel over tradition,

family and power. The Home Secretary says she wants to

change the way police in England and Wales use their powers to stop and

search suspects. Theresa May said police were applying them to widely

and stopping too many people from ethnic minorities. According to the

Home Office, the police carried out one point 2 million searches last

year, but those searches lead to 108,000 arrests, less than 10%.

A man is stopped and searched in the London Borough of Lewisham today.

This one resulted in a caution for possession of marijuana. But too

many end up with no action. Police adviser Ken Hynes has bitter

experience. He has been stopped and searched 100 times, never resulting

in a conviction. And it has happened to his nephew Jonathan six times

this year alone. Three weeks ago, going to the shops, me and my cousin

were stopped by seven police. Searched our pockets, made us feel

very uncomfortable, found nothing, let us go. But it was a humiliating

experience. The government says police across England and Wales need

to better target those they stop and search. I want to see stop and

search used only when needed. I want to see higher search to arrest

ratios and better community engagement and more efficient

practices. Across England and Wales, police carry out more than one

million stop and searches each year. Last year, only 9% of stop and

searches resulted in an arrest. In Lewisham, they have been piloting a

scheme where they use better intelligence to target those they

stop and search. They have cut the number of stop and searches without

adversely affecting the crime rate. The practice divides people often,

but not always along the lines of race. Have you ever been stopped and

searched by the police? How many times? More than ten times.Have you

ever been arrested? No. It is necessary, because so many carry

weapons these days. Have you ever been stopped and searched? No, it is

mainly black people that get stopped and searched. Is that justified?Not

at all. The pilot scheme in Lewisham has been extended to police officers

at four areas in England. While they are using that power to put their

hand in somebody's pocket or search their bag on fewer occasions, they

are becoming more successful at targeting the right people. If used

well, stop and search is a powerful police tool. The government wants it

used better. There is growing concern in Syria

about the use of sharia law in some of the rebel held areas. It follows

the death of a 14-year-old boy in the city of Aleppo. He was accused

of arson me and then beaten and shot in the street. This report includes

some distressing images and features where access to a sharia court by a

team from BBC Arabic. This is where 14-year-old Mohammed

Qataa lost his life. His brothers can hardly bear to work at the

family coffee stand any longer. Mohammed had been asked for a free

cup. Not even if the Prophet himself returns, he had said, laughing. That

remark was a death sentence. At the family's cramped apartment, close to

Aleppo's front-line, they tell us more about a killing that symbolises

what has gone wrong with Syria's revolution. They describe how armed

men overheard Mohammed. His mother saw everything. There were three of

them. They said, whoever insults the Prophet will be killed, she recalls.

She goes on. "I heard the first shot and ran out barefoot. I felt the

ground. They shot him again and kicked him. I looked at them and

said, why are you killing him? He is just a child. " I looked right at

the killer, said Mohammed 's father. He looked at me. The men have not

been caught. Aleppo's religious authorities say their actions were

an Islamic, criminal. We are approaching the spot where Mohammed

Qataa was murdered. As you can see, it is busy and by all accounts,

there was quite a crowd when he was shot and killed, but everybody felt

too terrified to intervene. He was shot in the middle of the street

over here. There were lots of witnesses. But the men who did it

showed no fear of being caught. Their actions have now been

condemned all of the armed groups in Aleppo. But most of those groups are

Islamist in character, and they are starting to use their influence to

impose sharia law here. It is the same in the northern town of

Saraqeb. BBC Arabic filmed the sharia court here. Four men have

been convicted of trying to steal a taxi driver's car. They will be

flogged in public. The instrument of punishment, an electrical cable. It

is 50 lashes for the leader, 44 his men, says the Sheikh reading the

sentence. God's law is the best protection for the week, he says.

When it starts, some of the crowd chant, the Prophet is our leader.

Others just count the lashes. This may appal secular activist 's. The

uprising's rural, conservative religious supporters like it.

Increasingly, this may be the future of justice in rebel held parts of

Syria. In tennis, Sabine Lisicki, who

knocked out the defending champion Serena Williams, has reached the

ladies semifinals at Wimbledon. She will now face last year's runner-up,

Poland's Agnieszka Radwanska. It was not so much of a Who's Who of

women's tennis as a new's that? Rarely had the Wimbledon

quarterfinals look so unfamiliar. Instead of Serena or Maria, meet

Burl -- Alger's Kirsten Flipkens. Flipkens, or flipper to her friends,

can't judge yet another upset. Former champion Petra Kvitova could

scarcely believe it. It has got to the stage where a shock is almost no

surprise. It is ridiculous. Last year I didn't even get to the

qualifying of Wimbledon. Today I am in the semi-final. It is

unbelievable. Meanwhile, Sabine Lisicki followed her win over Serena

Williams by beating the less famous Kaia Kanepi. Once again, seemingly

the happiest woman in Wimbledon. There were also wins the Marion

Bartoli and Agnieszka Radwanska, who despite wasting seven at poise,

eventually beat China's Li Na. She concludes the unlikeliest of

semi-final line-ups. Tomorrow sees the return of a more familiar face,