Browse content similar to 21/05/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Like the boy who cried wolf, we In $:/STARTFEED. Like the boy who | :00:17. | :00:21. | |
cried wolf, we have heard NHS crisis forever, but more people are | :00:21. | :00:26. | |
joining the chorus. The cry goes up that Accident and Emergency | :00:26. | :00:29. | |
departments are stretched to breaking point. Everyone agrees | :00:29. | :00:33. | |
that places like this are under unprecedented strain, unanimity | :00:34. | :00:37. | |
rapidly disappears when it comes to discussing the cause. As the head | :00:37. | :00:42. | |
of the NHS announces his retirement, we will ask can the health service | :00:42. | :00:49. | |
get its house back in order. Also tonight : | :00:49. | :00:53. | |
Pure animal spirits, if you find this incomprehensible, it is | :00:53. | :00:58. | |
nothing to why the stock markets are behaving so wildly. What is | :00:58. | :01:04. | |
there to be so upbeat about. Cheap fashion bought in blood, how | :01:04. | :01:09. | |
much are we in the west to blame for the conditions that caused the | :01:09. | :01:14. | |
catastrophe in Bangladesh. We talk to Nobel Prize winner, | :01:14. | :01:17. | |
Muhammad Yunus, about the price of progress. | :01:17. | :01:22. | |
What is it about the golf shock that has the men in blazers in such | :01:22. | :01:32. | |
:01:32. | :01:34. | ||
a tizz that they are banning it. If you have been unlucky enough to | :01:34. | :01:38. | |
need an emergency visit to hospital at the moment, you will be well | :01:38. | :01:42. | |
aware of the unhappy state of many of our Accident and Emergency | :01:42. | :01:45. | |
departments. The quality care commission says demand is out of | :01:45. | :01:49. | |
control. The NHS federation says the service is getting closer and | :01:49. | :01:52. | |
closer to the cliff edge, and it is all the fault of the last Labour | :01:52. | :01:55. | |
Government, according to the Health Secretary today. He claims it was | :01:55. | :01:59. | |
the deal they did with GPs that meant people were left with no out | :01:59. | :02:02. | |
of hours alternative. For good measure the boss of the NHS in | :02:02. | :02:10. | |
England has decided to quit next year. | :02:10. | :02:16. | |
When the people we rely on in an emergency say they are facing their | :02:16. | :02:23. | |
own emergency well perhaps we should take notice. Daily we are | :02:23. | :02:27. | |
hearing alarmed voices telling us of a crisis in Accident and | :02:27. | :02:30. | |
Emergency department, rising numbers putting intolerable strain | :02:30. | :02:36. | |
on the system. At a Select Committee this morning MPs heard a | :02:36. | :02:42. | |
startling statistic. The change in last year and this year is 250,000 | :02:42. | :02:48. | |
new attendances. We will talk about raw figures, that is five emergency | :02:49. | :02:58. | |
:02:59. | :02:59. | ||
departments each seeing those Attendances were stable from the | :02:59. | :03:04. | |
1980s to 2003 they rose sharp low, over the last decade there is a 50% | :03:04. | :03:09. | |
increase in numbers. Places like this are clearly | :03:09. | :03:15. | |
feeling the strain. One telling statistic, the maximum four-hour | :03:15. | :03:19. | |
wait at A&E is more and more being missed. So much for the symptoms, | :03:19. | :03:23. | |
what about the cause? The current Government is clear the blame goes | :03:23. | :03:29. | |
back to the previous administration and their botched renegotiation of | :03:29. | :03:35. | |
the GPs' out of hours contract. Since those changes 90% of GPs have | :03:35. | :03:40. | |
opted out of providing out of hours care, and they have got a pay rise | :03:40. | :03:46. | |
in addition. And as a result of those disastrous changes to the GP | :03:46. | :03:51. | |
contract we have seen a significant rise in attendances at A&E. Indeed | :03:51. | :03:56. | |
four million more people are using A&E every year. If the GP contract | :03:56. | :04:01. | |
is the root cause, as the Secretary of State claims, can he explain why | :04:01. | :04:04. | |
98% people were seen within four hours in 2009, five years after the | :04:04. | :04:08. | |
contract was signed. But has deteriorated sharply under his | :04:08. | :04:13. | |
Government, and mainly on his watch. One thing is certainly true, since | :04:13. | :04:19. | |
the changes there have been some very well publicised failings in GP | :04:19. | :04:28. | |
out of hours air. An out of hours service in Cambridge flew in a | :04:28. | :04:33. | |
German GP, and a man paid with his life. A recent survey by the | :04:33. | :04:36. | |
Patients' Association found 65% of people don't feel safe relying on | :04:36. | :04:43. | |
NHS out of hours services, in a medical emergency. A doctor from | :04:43. | :04:46. | |
The Royal College of Physicians told the committee today that | :04:46. | :04:50. | |
patients now prefer what he called the recognised brand of A&E. That | :04:50. | :04:54. | |
is where patients will go because they know they will see someone who | :04:54. | :05:00. | |
is expert, will see them often within four hours, and they will | :05:00. | :05:04. | |
receive treatment. Patients will go where the lights are on. In many of | :05:04. | :05:08. | |
these alternatives the lights are not on after 5.00pm or at the | :05:08. | :05:13. | |
weekends. We have to face up to the fact that services other than A&E | :05:13. | :05:19. | |
departments are often run own a 9-5 and elective basis. But health | :05:19. | :05:23. | |
economists, who study the long-term trends suggest that blaming GPs is | :05:23. | :05:27. | |
wrong. We have seen a long-term trend in increases in A&E | :05:27. | :05:30. | |
attendance, people seem more willing to go to A&E instead of | :05:30. | :05:34. | |
caring for themselves. We have made it easier, people wait a lot less | :05:34. | :05:37. | |
time now, in some senses it is more convenient, of course the | :05:37. | :05:40. | |
population is ageing and has more multiple conditions. It is not that | :05:41. | :05:45. | |
surprising that there is a long- term trend. But we see impact | :05:45. | :05:51. | |
whatsoever from the change in the GP contract. If the new GP can't | :05:51. | :05:59. | |
isn't to blame for people going to A&E, what is? We have these type | :05:59. | :06:05. | |
one and two A&E clinics, the walk- in clinics, they create demand, in | :06:05. | :06:10. | |
a way that opening a road seems to create more traffic. There is a | :06:10. | :06:14. | |
phenomenon in the health service where we open things and people | :06:14. | :06:17. | |
come. We have seen this big increase over the last couple of | :06:17. | :06:20. | |
decades in medical admissions. These are the emergency admissions, | :06:20. | :06:24. | |
people who are really quite seriously ill. They have these have | :06:24. | :06:28. | |
been increasing, I think this may be at the heart of the current | :06:28. | :06:31. | |
problems in A&E. It is not so much the numbers of people coming have | :06:31. | :06:35. | |
increased in the last couple of years. They haven't really, it has | :06:35. | :06:39. | |
been relatively flat. We have seen an increase in the number of | :06:39. | :06:42. | |
seriously ill people who need admission. If anyone is sorting out | :06:42. | :06:47. | |
the problems in A&E, it probably won't be this man, David Nicholson, | :06:47. | :06:53. | |
under fire after the mid-staffs scandal has announced today he will | :06:53. | :06:59. | |
be retiring next year. The size of his pension pot, �1.9 million, will | :06:59. | :07:03. | |
undoubtedly prove controversial. Someone else has a big job in front | :07:03. | :07:08. | |
of them. Joining us now is Dr Bernadette Garrihy, an Accident and | :07:08. | :07:11. | |
Emergency consultant in the West Midlands, who signed the letter | :07:11. | :07:16. | |
saying A&E is in state of crisis in her area. With us also is Dr Claer | :07:17. | :07:20. | |
Gerada, the chair of the college of GPs, and the former Health | :07:20. | :07:24. | |
Secretary, Stephen Dorrell, who now chairs the Health Select Committee. | :07:24. | :07:29. | |
How bad is it, Dr Garrihy? It is getting pretty bad, and has been | :07:29. | :07:33. | |
getting bad for a number of years as was alluded to there. We are | :07:33. | :07:38. | |
seeing attendance rates going up year-on-year in the order of 3-5%. | :07:38. | :07:42. | |
In some areas it is even higher, particularly out of hours. What we | :07:42. | :07:47. | |
are also seeing, as your speaker mentioned earlier, is the mixture | :07:47. | :07:51. | |
of cases that we are seeing now. We are seeing higher percentages of | :07:51. | :07:54. | |
patients with major illnesses and injuries, who have more complex | :07:54. | :07:59. | |
needs, and who put greater demands on the system. What are you talking | :07:59. | :08:04. | |
about there and what increases? increasingly elderly population who | :08:04. | :08:09. | |
come to hospital, who often have underlying co-morbidties, possibly | :08:10. | :08:17. | |
dementia, respiratory problems. And develop what in younger people | :08:17. | :08:23. | |
could be a minor infection and can be easily dealt with. Where were | :08:23. | :08:27. | |
they before? Coming from old homes or residential and nursing homes | :08:27. | :08:30. | |
that can't provide the level of nursing care that they require when | :08:30. | :08:34. | |
they become so well. Not only are they pitching up in Accident and | :08:34. | :08:38. | |
Emergency, they are having to be admitted. They can't just be | :08:38. | :08:42. | |
discharged with antibiotics like a younger person. One doesn't want to | :08:42. | :08:46. | |
be overexcited, but is this a dangerous situation? Of course it | :08:46. | :08:51. | |
is. Patients like this will frequently die of infections that | :08:51. | :08:54. | |
may seem at the beginning relatively minor, but can very | :08:54. | :08:57. | |
rapidly deteriorate. What do you think is behind this increase, | :08:57. | :09:00. | |
Stephen Dorrell? I think we have just heard that there is actually a | :09:01. | :09:06. | |
changing pattern of the conditions that type of patients we are | :09:06. | :09:11. | |
dealing with. We are dealing with a rising elderly population, more of | :09:11. | :09:14. | |
whom are suffering not just from one condition but multiple | :09:14. | :09:19. | |
conditions. It is partly around the changing demand patterns. There are | :09:19. | :09:24. | |
also social pressures at play. There is undoubtedly a rise in | :09:24. | :09:30. | |
attendances at A&E as a result of alcohol and drug abuse. Some of the | :09:30. | :09:33. | |
pressures in A&E, we were told in the Select Committee this morning | :09:33. | :09:36. | |
are caused by slow movement of patients through Accident and | :09:36. | :09:40. | |
Emergency, and an inability on some owecations to admit to hospitals | :09:40. | :09:46. | |
those that should be admitted out of A&E out of hospital. Is it an | :09:46. | :09:52. | |
exaggeration to use the word "crisis" in A&E? "crisis" is a word | :09:52. | :09:55. | |
to be avoided by praktitsing politicians, but it is getting | :09:55. | :09:58. | |
worse and needs to be addressed. According to the Health Secretary | :09:58. | :10:02. | |
it is all your fault. It is the consequence of the deal that the | :10:02. | :10:08. | |
Labour Government did with GPs? Isn't it a shame that again we are | :10:08. | :10:13. | |
scapegoating GPs. There were so many inaccracy in the piece. It was | :10:13. | :10:17. | |
fantastic deal? Blaming a contract that is ten years old for a crisis | :10:17. | :10:21. | |
that has occurred in the last few months. And GPs have never | :10:22. | :10:27. | |
abdicated responsibility for out of hours, we do it all day, all night, | :10:27. | :10:31. | |
we do it throughout of hours services. Have you tried to get out | :10:31. | :10:35. | |
of hours cover from your local GP? I did out of hours yesterday. Many | :10:35. | :10:41. | |
GPs do. No they don't? Many do out of hours. We have had a problem | :10:41. | :10:44. | |
with GP Co-Ops being replaced by commercial organisations. I think | :10:44. | :10:48. | |
what we have to do now is move on. We have actually got to find a | :10:48. | :10:52. | |
solution to this, which is a whole system solution. In general | :10:52. | :10:56. | |
practice we have seen an enormous increase in demand, we need to sort | :10:56. | :11:00. | |
it. Shifting downstream isn't going to make it any better. Engage first | :11:00. | :11:04. | |
of all with that question of GPs? Jeremy Hunt didn't actually say | :11:04. | :11:14. | |
:11:14. | :11:14. | ||
today it was all the fault of GPs, he did say the GP contract led to a | :11:14. | :11:19. | |
significant increase in salaries for GPs. And decrease in out of | :11:19. | :11:22. | |
hours care? They don't any longer accept clinical responsibility for | :11:22. | :11:25. | |
out of hours care delivered to their patient. That, I think, is a | :11:25. | :11:30. | |
mistake. There are plenty of other factors at play. Is there a | :11:30. | :11:33. | |
confusion here, people don't know where to go? I think that is | :11:33. | :11:38. | |
certainly an element of it. Things like the walk-in centres and minor | :11:38. | :11:41. | |
injury units, people aren't always aware they are there. Everybody | :11:41. | :11:44. | |
knows where their local Accident and Emergency department is. And | :11:44. | :11:47. | |
everybody knows that they don't need an appointment, and everybody | :11:47. | :11:52. | |
knows that it doesn't close. That's the reason people come to us. | :11:52. | :11:58. | |
think we need to explode this myth that GPs are sitting there between | :11:58. | :12:04. | |
9-5 twiddling their thumbs. Nobody said that. GPs have seen a 100% | :12:04. | :12:07. | |
increase in their workload over the last ten years, and it is unfair to | :12:07. | :12:12. | |
ask a GP after an 11-hour day, a tired GP, to then go and do an out | :12:12. | :12:15. | |
of hours shift. We need to sort out fragmentation of our patients and | :12:15. | :12:19. | |
sorting out continuity. Can I pick up that point. That, I think, is | :12:19. | :12:21. | |
actually, from the evidence we heard in the Select Committee this | :12:21. | :12:25. | |
morning is the key to the way through this. Nobody is in favour | :12:25. | :12:29. | |
of doctors or nurses or any other clinician working exceptionally | :12:29. | :12:32. | |
long hours. That is bad for the clinician and bad for the patient. | :12:32. | :12:40. | |
What we do have to learn to do is work smarter and trying to have a | :12:40. | :12:42. | |
solution for Accident and Emergency separate from a solution from | :12:42. | :12:46. | |
primary care, separate from a solution for social care. All of | :12:46. | :12:50. | |
these bits of the system need to work in a much more joined-up way. | :12:51. | :12:56. | |
That's part of the means by which we identify patients at risk | :12:56. | :13:00. | |
earlier, avoid them need to go attend either the GP or the A&E | :13:00. | :13:03. | |
department, because you prevent them becoming ill in the first | :13:04. | :13:08. | |
place. But to do that we need more GPs, we have a shortage of GPs now. | :13:08. | :13:12. | |
We need an integrated approach to this, identifying high-risk | :13:12. | :13:16. | |
patients, providing bespoke solutions to some of our high-risk | :13:16. | :13:18. | |
patients, including the frail and elderly and those at the end of | :13:18. | :13:21. | |
their lives. While this is happening there are some issues I | :13:21. | :13:24. | |
would like to take you up on Claire, first of all this is not something | :13:24. | :13:27. | |
that has happened in the last few month. This has been building for a | :13:27. | :13:30. | |
number of years. We have seen a winter and spring like we have | :13:30. | :13:34. | |
never seen before, sustained, relentless pressure. It is | :13:34. | :13:37. | |
happening in primary care, I accept as well, but we have seen ourselves | :13:37. | :13:42. | |
operating at the margins of safety in emergency medicine in a way we | :13:42. | :13:47. | |
don't accept. Also could I just say, yes we do have significant work | :13:47. | :13:50. | |
force issues, we can't recruit junior doctors into emergency | :13:51. | :13:54. | |
medicine any more. Why? Because they see how unattractive and | :13:54. | :13:58. | |
unsustainable a career it is. The college of medicine is advocating | :13:58. | :14:04. | |
there be a drive for job plans that are sustainable. We can deliver | :14:04. | :14:07. | |
care, we are people who are working seven days a woke, we are people | :14:08. | :14:12. | |
who are working 11 hof hours a day and providing out of hours cover. | :14:12. | :14:16. | |
Given there is a problem here, you are reluctant to call it a crisis, | :14:16. | :14:21. | |
others are. How do we go about solving it? As I have said, the | :14:21. | :14:27. | |
most important single thing we can do is to join the different bits of | :14:27. | :14:33. | |
the system up. It is common sense, Jeremy, is it not, that if you know | :14:33. | :14:37. | |
somebody is getting ill, you intervene earlier to avoid them | :14:37. | :14:41. | |
becoming acutely ill, so they need to go out of hours or any other | :14:41. | :14:45. | |
time to an A&E department. I think GPs need to take that | :14:45. | :14:49. | |
responsibility for commissioning all out of hours services right | :14:49. | :14:54. | |
across. We need to also participate the provision of out of hours with | :14:54. | :14:58. | |
other providers. Your own figures don't show a massive link. There is | :14:58. | :15:05. | |
a 1% increase in A&E attendences and 2% year on year for A&E | :15:05. | :15:08. | |
admissions. That is in line with population. You work incredibly | :15:08. | :15:11. | |
hard, emergency doctors work incredibly hard in very difficult | :15:11. | :15:17. | |
conditions, but we can't scapegoat GPs. You made that point already. | :15:17. | :15:21. | |
There is one other thing today that has happened which is the decision | :15:21. | :15:27. | |
of Sir David Nicholson to quit the health service. Julie Bailey who | :15:27. | :15:31. | |
started Cure the NHS joins us now from a remote studio. What was your | :15:31. | :15:35. | |
reaction to hearing that Sir David Nicholson was on his way? Well | :15:35. | :15:40. | |
we're pleased, because it will be a new start for the NHS. But at the | :15:40. | :15:43. | |
same time disappointed that he's been allowed to retire. This man | :15:43. | :15:48. | |
should be sacked. He's failed, look at the disaster that's going on in | :15:48. | :15:53. | |
your studio now. All this isn't rocket science, this should be | :15:53. | :15:58. | |
planned for. This is much bigger than one man? But he's at the top. | :15:58. | :16:02. | |
That's his job. He's the chief executive of the NHS. Is your | :16:02. | :16:09. | |
argument that it's a consequence of the cuts, which he was charged with | :16:09. | :16:12. | |
implementing? It would be foolish to say it was the cuts, it is his | :16:13. | :16:18. | |
style of leadership as well. He has failed. He has been failing the NHS | :16:18. | :16:22. | |
for years. All this that is happening at the moment should have | :16:22. | :16:26. | |
been planned for. We knew there was an increase in the ageing | :16:26. | :16:31. | |
population, we knew there was a shortage of A&E consultants, this | :16:31. | :16:35. | |
is just, this is his job. This is what should have been happening in | :16:35. | :16:40. | |
the NHS. It is called long-term planning. We just do everything at | :16:40. | :16:44. | |
the last minute, that is why we are in this crisis. Do you accept there | :16:44. | :16:49. | |
is a failure of strategic planning, Stephen Dorrell? Where Julyy Moore | :16:49. | :16:55. | |
is undoubtedly right. Bailey? Bailey, apologies, is undoubtedly | :16:55. | :17:02. | |
right is to say, as was illustrated in mid-staffs, that there has been | :17:02. | :17:07. | |
failure of culture in too many places around the health service, I | :17:07. | :17:11. | |
do agree with that. I don't believe a single individual, in the form of | :17:11. | :17:14. | |
Sir David Nicholson, a distinguished public servant, | :17:14. | :17:18. | |
should be pilloried in the way that Julie just did. Moving forward, we | :17:18. | :17:24. | |
have to find a commitment not just to react to individual crises, but | :17:24. | :17:29. | |
to think through how the health and care system can be made more | :17:29. | :17:32. | |
effective in responding to today's patients and their demands. That's | :17:32. | :17:37. | |
where there has been a failure, not just by one man, but by the system | :17:37. | :17:42. | |
over quite a long period. In all the reforms that a have taken place | :17:42. | :17:46. | |
it is still not right? Indeed it is clearly not right. We have changed | :17:46. | :17:50. | |
the management system, it could be said, again, what we haven't done | :17:50. | :17:55. | |
is to change the way care is delivered to make it more joined up, | :17:55. | :17:58. | |
more integrated, I'm pleased to say that is something that Jeremy Hunt | :17:58. | :18:02. | |
and the Prime Minister have made it clear is now top of their health | :18:02. | :18:07. | |
policy agenda. And I would say about time too. One could say we | :18:07. | :18:11. | |
have far too many top-down reorganisations, part of the | :18:11. | :18:16. | |
present crisis is we have been going through a transition for the | :18:16. | :18:21. | |
last year and taken our eye off the ball, patient care, the issues in | :18:21. | :18:28. | |
the emergency department, and deck backle of 111, to blame Sir David | :18:28. | :18:31. | |
Nicholson is disingenious. everything is going so well, why | :18:31. | :18:36. | |
don't I feel better? Is the way you might feel about what is happening | :18:36. | :18:39. | |
in the stock markets. The Financial Times share index is higher than | :18:39. | :18:43. | |
years, so too the Dow Jones in the states. Yet ordinary people don't | :18:43. | :18:47. | |
feel any better off. Of course the index is just reflecting the casino | :18:47. | :18:52. | |
aspect of capitalism. What is going on? For how much longer and to | :18:52. | :18:58. | |
whose benefit? One for the recently appointed chief business | :18:58. | :19:00. | |
correspondent. You might be surprised to know that | :19:00. | :19:04. | |
despite the economic gloom markets are up. Not just a little bit. UK | :19:04. | :19:10. | |
stocks, the FTSE, it is near its all-time high. Today the FTSE | :19:10. | :19:17. | |
closed at its best level for more than 13 years, and it left the | :19:17. | :19:20. | |
index just 30 points below the record high in December 1999, that | :19:20. | :19:25. | |
was at the height of the dotcom boom. Some companies are doing well. | :19:25. | :19:30. | |
But this well? And it is not just us. Look at the Japanese market the | :19:30. | :19:36. | |
Nikkei, it soared, especially since last autumn. Well that's when the | :19:36. | :19:43. | |
large-scale cash injection programme known as Obenomics was | :19:43. | :19:48. | |
mooted. Japanese stocks are up about 45% since then. That is twice | :19:48. | :19:53. | |
as much as what would be called a bull market, when prices rise 20%. | :19:53. | :19:59. | |
And then there is the S & P in America, you can certainly see the | :19:59. | :20:03. | |
affect of cash injections or quanative easing, QE for short in | :20:03. | :20:13. | |
the United States. Each time there is a cash injection, QE1, QE-2 and | :20:13. | :20:17. | |
the fancy version of praix twist, that is the Federal Reserve trying | :20:17. | :20:27. | |
:20:27. | :20:29. | ||
to buy more in the long end and selling a bit on the short end. QE | :20:29. | :20:32. | |
was supposed to help the real economy, there is not much soaring | :20:32. | :20:42. | |
:20:42. | :20:43. | ||
there. The economy has not recovered, the US has recovered to | :20:43. | :20:50. | |
level that is were higher than the 208 crisis, but the UK and Japan | :20:50. | :20:53. | |
hasn't. The way it was supposed to work was to make households feel | :20:53. | :20:58. | |
better, think of it this way. An American household you lose $10,000 | :20:58. | :21:03. | |
and the value of your house, but your stocks have risen by $10,000. | :21:03. | :21:07. | |
Not everyone owns stocks, just the richer households. Now eventually | :21:07. | :21:11. | |
the firms that have been benefiting from these markets they could | :21:11. | :21:17. | |
invest more in the economy and that would help. But they may be wary of | :21:17. | :21:21. | |
inflated share prices, where there is not much demand supporting it. | :21:21. | :21:25. | |
Worse, investors are borrowing to buy stocks, it is even reaching | :21:25. | :21:30. | |
worrying levels in the US. So the overall picture, of course, that | :21:30. | :21:34. | |
low rates do help keep debt manageable in a slowly recovering | :21:34. | :21:39. | |
economy. But could there be other trouble down the line? If lots of | :21:39. | :21:41. | |
investors borrow too much, and there is not a great dole | :21:41. | :21:48. | |
supporting those firms, then we may see markets take a tumble. | :21:48. | :21:56. | |
With us now prominent economic thinkers, Gillian Tett, Allister | :21:56. | :22:05. | |
Heath, and Robert Reich, political economist, author and Professor at | :22:05. | :22:09. | |
Berkeley. Why are the markets so buoyant? Two reasons, firstly | :22:09. | :22:13. | |
although this recovery hasn't been very good for countries or ordinary | :22:13. | :22:16. | |
consumers t has been good for companies, corporate profits have | :22:16. | :22:20. | |
been improving. But secondly, most importantly, you have had the | :22:20. | :22:25. | |
central banks around the world inject $7 trillion worth of | :22:25. | :22:28. | |
liquidity into the system by quanative easing, that money has to | :22:28. | :22:32. | |
go somewhere, and right now, -- quantitative easing, that money has | :22:32. | :22:37. | |
to go somewhere, and bond investors don't like the look of it and are | :22:37. | :22:42. | |
putting it in equity instead. it anything to do with the real | :22:42. | :22:46. | |
economy? Ultimately it does, we are seeing long-term the proportion of | :22:46. | :22:50. | |
the economy going into wages is shrinking, going to real people, | :22:50. | :22:54. | |
the proportion going to profits is increasing. Those profits do go to | :22:54. | :22:58. | |
people but they are investors, not necessarily workers. Is this a good | :22:58. | :23:02. | |
thing? It would be a good thing if the markets were sustainable, if | :23:02. | :23:07. | |
the prices were the correct prices, I'm very worried, we are in a | :23:07. | :23:11. | |
pretty large bubble building at the moment. I think yes corporate | :23:11. | :23:16. | |
profits are very high as a share of GDP, at some point there will be a | :23:16. | :23:22. | |
peak and it will reverse itself. you reckon it is a bubble? There | :23:22. | :23:24. | |
are bubble-like tendencies, there is so much money around the system | :23:24. | :23:28. | |
and it is pumping up asset prices. As of today we have not seen | :23:28. | :23:32. | |
inflation going up, but we are seeing asset prices go up. The real | :23:33. | :23:36. | |
question now is a psychological issue, if stock prices are rising, | :23:36. | :23:39. | |
is that going to make people feel more confident and want to go out | :23:39. | :23:43. | |
and spend money and actually get the economy going? Is it going to | :23:43. | :23:48. | |
ignite animal spirits, or is it the case as Robert says, that it is a | :23:48. | :23:51. | |
tiny proportion of investors benefiting from this, the elite are | :23:51. | :23:55. | |
getting richer and drawing away from the rest of society. In which | :23:55. | :23:58. | |
case, pumping up stock markets may not help get the middle-classes | :23:58. | :24:04. | |
spending more money. In the United States we have about 10%, the | :24:04. | :24:07. | |
richest 10% of the population owning about 90% of all shares of | :24:07. | :24:13. | |
stock by value. They are doing very well. They are feeling very good, | :24:13. | :24:16. | |
they are buying, but you can't sustain economic growth on the | :24:16. | :24:19. | |
basis of just 10% of your population. Even if they are the | :24:19. | :24:26. | |
very richest 10%. It is not desirable that stocks are racing -- | :24:26. | :24:30. | |
racing ahead in the way they are doing so? If it is based on the | :24:30. | :24:33. | |
fundamentals, if not only companies are profitable, but if in fact | :24:33. | :24:36. | |
these economies are fundamentally in good shape that would be one | :24:36. | :24:41. | |
thing, they aren't. That is the underlying reality. We have the | :24:41. | :24:46. | |
median wage in the United States, and also here in the UK, going down | :24:46. | :24:50. | |
adjusted for inflation. One piece of good news, I think, if share | :24:50. | :24:54. | |
prices do go up, it is easier for companies to raise money. We have | :24:54. | :24:57. | |
seen quite a few companies recently go to the stock market and | :24:57. | :25:01. | |
investors and raise a lot of money. If they do raise money, finally | :25:01. | :25:04. | |
they might start spending more. In that respect it is directly helpful | :25:04. | :25:07. | |
for the real economy. I think the real problem is, the underlying | :25:07. | :25:11. | |
structure of the UK, of the US, of the eurozone economies is really, | :25:11. | :25:15. | |
really grim, there is huge, huge problems. And those problems are | :25:15. | :25:20. | |
not reflected in this incredible mood of optimisim in the stock | :25:20. | :25:23. | |
market. One of the problems we see is the companies are taking very, | :25:23. | :25:26. | |
very cheap money they are getting from central banks, and they are | :25:26. | :25:30. | |
turning around and buying back their shares of stock. That is | :25:30. | :25:34. | |
artificially pumping the stock prices up like steroids. But the | :25:34. | :25:37. | |
actual underlying reality is anything but a profitable outlook. | :25:37. | :25:41. | |
One of the very interesting things to pick up on that comment is if | :25:41. | :25:45. | |
you look at the relationship or the pattern of unemployment versus | :25:45. | :25:52. | |
equity prices or company earning revisions versus equity prices, | :25:52. | :25:55. | |
historically they have tracked each other. In the last few years they | :25:55. | :25:59. | |
have diverged, these numbers have been looked at recently, again, if | :25:59. | :26:02. | |
you look at the costs for companies borrowing money, the credit spread | :26:02. | :26:06. | |
for risky companies, and compare it to debt burdens, again you had a | :26:06. | :26:08. | |
relationship that has broken down in the last two years. Something | :26:08. | :26:13. | |
has changed in the last two years. Personally I suspect it is | :26:13. | :26:17. | |
quantitative easing. What could or should Governments be doing in | :26:17. | :26:23. | |
these circumstances? One thing, you have central banks on the look out, | :26:23. | :26:28. | |
not so much for inflation but bubbles, they are slightly | :26:28. | :26:33. | |
different. We don't want a repeat of leading up to 207-2008. We have | :26:33. | :26:38. | |
to be careful. Governments over the long-term have got to worry about | :26:38. | :26:41. | |
widening inequality. If your medium wages are not going up but going | :26:41. | :26:45. | |
down, even though more people are being employed, you are not | :26:45. | :26:47. | |
building your economy. You are actually undermining your economy. | :26:47. | :26:51. | |
The bubble point is a key point here, I think central banks and | :26:51. | :26:54. | |
Governments have done far too much to pump liquidity into the economy. | :26:54. | :26:57. | |
They have gone too far. There was a big problem, they were trying to | :26:57. | :27:02. | |
prevent another collapse and another 1930s-style depression, in | :27:02. | :27:05. | |
Japan they are trying to reverse the effects of deflation, but they | :27:05. | :27:11. | |
have gone too far, too much money is in the system. A lot of problems | :27:11. | :27:14. | |
in 2006-2007, people not seeing the real risk out there, all the stuff | :27:14. | :27:18. | |
is going back, the housing market has gone crazy again, the bond | :27:18. | :27:22. | |
market is in a bubble and people are buying equities. It is a | :27:22. | :27:26. | |
dangerous situation. The other way of saying is central banks have put | :27:26. | :27:30. | |
foam on the runway to help the Government as they land a plane of | :27:30. | :27:33. | |
structural reform. Everyone knows it will be difficult to implement | :27:33. | :27:36. | |
the structural reform needed. Central banks are trying to ease a | :27:36. | :27:39. | |
path. The problem is the politicians got addicted to the | :27:39. | :27:42. | |
foam and they don't want to land the plane at all, essential low | :27:42. | :27:46. | |
they are getting the excuse to keep delaying the hard reform, because | :27:46. | :27:51. | |
guess what, the stock markets are rising, why do we have to swallow | :27:51. | :27:58. | |
the bitter medicine. I love that picture. I would state it even more | :27:59. | :28:02. | |
strongly, but a little bit different. As long as we have a | :28:02. | :28:07. | |
fiscal policy that is embracing austerity, in which basically | :28:07. | :28:11. | |
Governments are cutting spending, a monetary policy, that is a Central | :28:11. | :28:16. | |
Bank policy that is very expansionry is a fundamentally | :28:16. | :28:21. | |
imbalanced Government system. Contradictory? Contradictory and it | :28:21. | :28:24. | |
leads to trouble. I'm one of those people who thinks the Government | :28:24. | :28:27. | |
does have to cut spending, I don't think it is cutting very fast in | :28:27. | :28:30. | |
the case of the UK. What we have seen in America is you can cut | :28:30. | :28:34. | |
spending and have an economy that recovers. For me the Government | :28:34. | :28:38. | |
should be really pushing through the structural and supply side | :28:38. | :28:41. | |
reforms to make the economy more competitive and boost human capital, | :28:41. | :28:44. | |
to improve incentives and try to make sure that companies have an | :28:44. | :28:48. | |
incentive to start hiring and spending money again. When you look | :28:48. | :28:52. | |
at a country like Japan, for example, is this a model that will | :28:52. | :28:56. | |
work and we should follow? Exhibit A for why structural reforms matter, | :28:56. | :29:02. | |
frankly. Right now the Central Bank is pumping money into the system, | :29:02. | :29:05. | |
astonishing amounts, but the question for Japan is can an | :29:05. | :29:10. | |
economy grow if its population is shrinking. Japan will need serious | :29:10. | :29:13. | |
structural reform in getting women to work, older people and more | :29:13. | :29:16. | |
immigration and getting companies to use their money much more | :29:16. | :29:19. | |
efficiently to actually create sustainable growth. Structural | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
reform, everybody likes structural reform, but it is one of those | :29:22. | :29:27. | |
terms that has gone from obscurity to meaninglessness without any | :29:27. | :29:32. | |
intervening period of coherence. Let's face it, there do need to be | :29:32. | :29:38. | |
certain structures, flexibility is very nice. But I'm afraid I have to | :29:38. | :29:43. | |
disagree with you, austerity is an absolute disaster, for Europe, the | :29:43. | :29:47. | |
United States is gently putting the toe into the austerity pool and it | :29:47. | :29:50. | |
is holding back economic growth. the case of the UK the Government | :29:50. | :29:54. | |
is cutting by less than 1% a year in terms of total, pendure, I don't | :29:54. | :29:58. | |
think that can be blamed for the problems we are in. One of the big | :29:58. | :30:02. | |
problems is inflation has been too high and real wages have ground to | :30:02. | :30:08. | |
a halt and real wages have suffered a huge amount. There has been | :30:08. | :30:10. | |
massive unprecedented reduction in the purchasing power of people. | :30:10. | :30:16. | |
Private sector wages are going roughly speaking up by zero%, you | :30:16. | :30:21. | |
have inflation 2.5%. People are 7- 8% worse off than they were two or | :30:21. | :30:25. | |
three years ago. That is having a huge effect. Again that is because | :30:25. | :30:27. | |
of excessively loose monetary policy, the Bank of England has got | :30:27. | :30:34. | |
it wrong on that. It is time for us all to slide from obscurity into | :30:34. | :30:37. | |
meaningless and back into obscurity any way. | :30:37. | :30:45. | |
In a moment, why has this golf shot been banned? | :30:45. | :30:48. | |
A Government-appointed panel looking into the building collapse | :30:48. | :30:51. | |
which killed over 1,000 people in Bangladesh has recommended that | :30:51. | :30:56. | |
nine men, arrested by police, be different given life sentences. The | :30:56. | :30:58. | |
worst industrial disaster of the century occurred in a building | :30:58. | :31:02. | |
making cheap clothes for well known western brands. While the | :31:02. | :31:06. | |
corruption of Bangladeshi officials and businessmen isn't necessarily | :31:06. | :31:10. | |
their fault, and the economy of one of the world's poorest countries | :31:10. | :31:14. | |
depends on their business, the disaster does raise questions, | :31:14. | :31:20. | |
economic and ethical, for the west. 300 factories have re-opened after | :31:21. | :31:27. | |
days in which workers struck in protest at pay and conditions in | :31:27. | :31:35. | |
the wake of the claps of the Rana Plaza. Employees choosing to give | :31:35. | :31:41. | |
up wages is one thing, but Bangladesh can't choose to free | :31:41. | :31:44. | |
itself of the rag trade. It is the second biggest clothing | :31:44. | :31:48. | |
manufacturer in the world, it is worth $20 billion and accounts for | :31:48. | :31:54. | |
four fifths of exports. The factory collapse was the worst industrial | :31:54. | :32:00. | |
disaster since the Bhopal poisoning in 1984. But the chain that runs | :32:00. | :32:03. | |
from factory to department store is long and complicated. | :32:03. | :32:07. | |
Responsibility is so often somebody else's duty. It wasn't the high | :32:07. | :32:12. | |
street labels which ordered workers into a building which was visibly | :32:12. | :32:15. | |
cracking. But just supposing that western retailers decided that | :32:15. | :32:23. | |
Bangladesh was more trouble than it was worth? Professor Muhammad Yunus | :32:23. | :32:27. | |
is probably the most famous Bangladeshi in the world, a winner | :32:27. | :32:31. | |
of the Nobel Peace Prize for his work on microfinancial policies, to | :32:31. | :32:36. | |
lift the very poorest out of poverty. He is with us now. | :32:36. | :32:38. | |
Supposing, as I have heard people saying in this country, Bangladesh, | :32:38. | :32:43. | |
bad place to make clothes, why not make them somewhere else. What do | :32:43. | :32:47. | |
you say? Bangladesh is a very good place to make the garments. We have | :32:47. | :32:51. | |
been doing it, we are the second- largest exporter of garments. | :32:51. | :32:54. | |
People are appalled when they hear what people in Bangladesh are paid, | :32:54. | :32:59. | |
and when they see something like this tragedy, these awful working | :32:59. | :33:03. | |
conditions, you can understand them, what is the point of making them in | :33:03. | :33:07. | |
Bangladesh. Can't we do it somewhere else, it would cost some | :33:07. | :33:10. | |
more? We have problems, it doesn't mean the entire industry is going | :33:10. | :33:14. | |
wrong. We have been doing very good work, we have been appreciated for | :33:14. | :33:18. | |
our work. The thing that needed to be done, it is something we can put | :33:18. | :33:23. | |
together, all of us, not just a blame game for the Bangladeshis not | :33:24. | :33:27. | |
going it right. Everybody is involved in this. We are all | :33:27. | :33:31. | |
partners in it. The garment industry gave Bangladesh a chance. | :33:31. | :33:35. | |
We are coming from a peasant economy, for the first time we got | :33:35. | :33:39. | |
involved in this industrial activity. It hasn't made you | :33:39. | :33:43. | |
question whether this strategy hasn't made you question whether | :33:43. | :33:47. | |
there was -- tragedy hasn't made you question whether it is a | :33:47. | :33:49. | |
sensible strategy? The question is we haven't done enough, it is the | :33:49. | :33:55. | |
beginning of the industry, a lot of things were doing in a rush. Buyers | :33:55. | :34:00. | |
were involved and producers were and everyone involved in that. So | :34:01. | :34:04. | |
trying to assign blame to one particular factor is difficult. | :34:04. | :34:08. | |
Walking away from Bangladesh is not a solution. This is the first time | :34:08. | :34:12. | |
this four million young girls, coming from the rural areas to the | :34:12. | :34:17. | |
city. For the first time this is a tremendous social impact in the | :34:18. | :34:22. | |
society, which is sleepy peasant society with remote villages with | :34:22. | :34:25. | |
these women relegated to the back part of the house. They are not | :34:26. | :34:29. | |
even seen in the front part of the house. They are coming out of that | :34:29. | :34:34. | |
and came to the city and made a whole industry survive and become | :34:34. | :34:39. | |
the second-largest exporter of garments next to China. This is a | :34:39. | :34:42. | |
tremendous success. We should see both sides, the success part and | :34:43. | :34:47. | |
also the other part. Should we pay for more our clothes? What I would | :34:47. | :34:53. | |
say is you are paying very little for the wages. If what we produce | :34:53. | :35:01. | |
we sell it for $5, the same thing sold here for $35, so out of that | :35:01. | :35:05. | |
$5 the cotton growers and the cotton and the dyeing and the | :35:05. | :35:08. | |
stitching people, and all those things make the $5. We need a | :35:08. | :35:13. | |
little bit of room, people who have made that shirt whether they are | :35:13. | :35:17. | |
getting the fair wage. So I'm suggesting why don't we come up | :35:17. | :35:21. | |
with an international minimum wage, a fair wage. But this strategy that | :35:21. | :35:28. | |
you praise, of taking people from peasant lives to manufacturing | :35:28. | :35:31. | |
lives has been based on undercutting other parts of the | :35:31. | :35:34. | |
world? It is not undercutting, Bangladesh became attractive | :35:34. | :35:40. | |
because it is the "cheapest" labour. Undercutting other places? No these | :35:40. | :35:43. | |
are people who didn't have any jobs. So whatever money they got they | :35:43. | :35:49. | |
were happy with that. They came, but now the question is if you are | :35:49. | :35:56. | |
paying say for example 25 cents an hour, if you make it 50 cents an | :35:56. | :36:01. | |
hour, a dramatic change. It doesn't add much cost to the total product | :36:01. | :36:03. | |
actually. The question of getting together rather than saying we have | :36:03. | :36:08. | |
the cheapest labour, with the 50 cents it still would be the | :36:08. | :36:11. | |
cheapest. Instead of pushing the wage down and all the competitions | :36:11. | :36:16. | |
and all the things that are happening, mult light bar again is | :36:16. | :36:22. | |
going on the poor -- ultimate bar again is going on these -- brgain | :36:22. | :36:27. | |
is going on these poor women. could you ensure that some sort of | :36:27. | :36:32. | |
surcharge would be implied there? It is not a surcharge it is | :36:32. | :36:36. | |
guarnteeing a minimum wage. All civilised nations do that. All we | :36:36. | :36:41. | |
are saying, I'm proposing that a minimum wage which is consistent | :36:41. | :36:44. | |
with the market they are integrated with. They are partners in the | :36:44. | :36:49. | |
whole business part. They should have their fair part of it. It is | :36:49. | :36:56. | |
not sort of demanding something that is unreasonable. All the costs | :36:56. | :37:00. | |
out of the $35, what percentage will go to the people who are | :37:00. | :37:05. | |
making it. And does it help them? You know my family all came from, | :37:06. | :37:10. | |
they were all in the textile trade, the textile trade has more or less | :37:10. | :37:14. | |
disappeared from much of this country, it has gone to countries | :37:14. | :37:17. | |
like yours. How can you possibly tell people in this country that | :37:17. | :37:21. | |
they should pay for more clothes in order to subsidise wages on jobs | :37:21. | :37:26. | |
that have been taken from this country and other ones? Well it is | :37:26. | :37:32. | |
still, you will not do it for 25 cents, it is still such a tiny | :37:32. | :37:36. | |
piece, that is why Pope Francis said it is slave labour. We are | :37:36. | :37:41. | |
saying let's not make Bangladeshi women slave labourers, let as make | :37:41. | :37:46. | |
them decent workers with a decent wage so they can take care of their | :37:46. | :37:49. | |
level of life. We are not asking for western workers' lives, and | :37:49. | :37:53. | |
nobody will work for 50 cents an hour here. You are quite right | :37:53. | :37:56. | |
there. This is an opportunity for women. This is a whole | :37:56. | :37:59. | |
transformation of the society. If we give them a trans, if we sit | :37:59. | :38:05. | |
down together, we find the solution. It is all this solvable problems. | :38:05. | :38:09. | |
The disaster has drawn attention from the whole world, and attention | :38:09. | :38:13. | |
for the whole nation in Bangladesh. We need to take advantage of it and | :38:13. | :38:16. | |
take it in an urgent basis, to come together and find the solution to | :38:16. | :38:21. | |
this problem. Thank you very much. The incomes item is about golf, | :38:21. | :38:26. | |
this would, in the normal course of things, be the cue for some unfunny | :38:26. | :38:30. | |
jokes. It is serious, the men and women in blazers and unusual | :38:30. | :38:36. | |
trousers who run the game in Britain and America, have decreed | :38:36. | :38:40. | |
it unsporting for players to anchor their putters as they go for the | :38:40. | :38:43. | |
hole. You wonder what on earth could be the offence committed by | :38:43. | :38:48. | |
such an action. It is making the game too easy, apparently. So | :38:48. | :38:53. | |
following months of soul searching the sports bosses today tackled the | :38:53. | :39:02. | |
controversy head-on by introducing new rule 14 (1) (b) to outlaw the | :39:02. | :39:07. | |
practice. We are announcing today that acting through our independent | :39:07. | :39:11. | |
decision-making processes, the USGA and the RNA, have both now approved | :39:12. | :39:18. | |
the adoption of rule 14-1 (b). Not everyone will agree with the final | :39:18. | :39:23. | |
decision, but we do hope the care and love for the game that all have | :39:23. | :39:28. | |
expressed through their participation in this process will | :39:28. | :39:33. | |
facilitate acceptance of rule 14-1 (b) when it takes effect. We are | :39:33. | :39:41. | |
joined on the Newsnight green by pro-golfer justice Fiddler. What | :39:41. | :39:47. | |
does a Pro do? Play golf and a little bit of teaching. He's a big | :39:47. | :39:53. | |
deal at the Royal St George's club in Kent. He's going to demonstrate | :39:53. | :39:59. | |
the putt. Also with us is the club secretary, and joining us from kal | :39:59. | :40:06. | |
Gary is the President of the Canned -- kal Gary is the President of the | :40:06. | :40:16. | |
:40:16. | :40:19. | ||
Canned ian golf who was against the rule but will abide by it. This is | :40:19. | :40:24. | |
the traditional standard length of putter, the actual stroke itself is | :40:24. | :40:28. | |
a free-flowing stroke with the putter moving away from the body. | :40:28. | :40:38. | |
:40:38. | :40:40. | ||
As I will demonstrate here. Well done! More practice needed. As you | :40:40. | :40:44. | |
can see the main difference being is the length of putter. This is | :40:44. | :40:49. | |
the one that is going to be banned? This is the one, not the putter | :40:49. | :40:55. | |
itself, the way you set up to the ball and the stroke. So the main | :40:55. | :40:58. | |
difference being, so with the stroke it is a free-flowing | :40:58. | :41:08. | |
:41:08. | :41:12. | ||
movement, but the putter itself is anchored into the belly. It is not | :41:12. | :41:17. | |
as good either! More practice needed. But it is actually seeming | :41:17. | :41:23. | |
to me to be more difficult to get it in using that one? It is, I | :41:23. | :41:29. | |
would find, I'm not, I use my shorter putter traditional putter. | :41:29. | :41:35. | |
But the reason this is going to be not permissible is because of your | :41:35. | :41:40. | |
tummy? It is attached to the body. You can use it in the belly, in the | :41:40. | :41:44. | |
chest. So the putter is anchored itself. It is not moving away. That | :41:44. | :41:48. | |
is supposed to make it easier? could make it easier for some, as I | :41:48. | :41:53. | |
have proven there, not for myself. OK, well you stay there, you can do | :41:53. | :41:59. | |
a bit of practising while we discuss. Now you are in favour of | :41:59. | :42:05. | |
this new rule are you? I think it is that free movement of the club, | :42:05. | :42:09. | |
whether it is with a driver, or indeed with a putter is probably | :42:10. | :42:15. | |
the sort of ultimateest it of the game in that the golfer -- ultimate | :42:15. | :42:20. | |
test of the game, whether a club player or professional has to | :42:20. | :42:24. | |
deliver the ball in the right place to make it go. It is thought by | :42:24. | :42:27. | |
anchoring the number of moving parts they are reduced and there is | :42:27. | :42:31. | |
an advantage. He got one in, look?'S Doing well, he has been | :42:31. | :42:36. | |
practising all afternoon. Let's go over to Calgary, are you hearing me | :42:36. | :42:46. | |
:42:46. | :42:47. | ||
OK? I am hearing, thank you. Why do you think that this should be | :42:47. | :42:56. | |
permitted this new style of putting? Well the PGA of Canada | :42:56. | :43:01. | |
polled the almost 4,000 members and approximately 66% or two thirds of | :43:01. | :43:05. | |
the members came back and did not support the anchor ban, which would | :43:05. | :43:09. | |
be consistent of the PGA America when they polled their members, | :43:09. | :43:14. | |
they came back with the same numbers. When the first proposal | :43:14. | :43:20. | |
came out in the US GA, our concern was the fun and enjoyment of the | :43:20. | :43:24. | |
game for the ordinary players, not so much the twoods of the game, for | :43:24. | :43:30. | |
the every day enjoyment and fun of it. Since 208 and the industry has | :43:30. | :43:34. | |
fallen -- 2008 and the industry has fallen back a bit, we need to make | :43:34. | :43:37. | |
sure the golfers are coming out to the game and getting entrenched in | :43:38. | :43:46. | |
the game. We have been losing them. We will engage with that question, | :43:46. | :43:51. | |
your sport, or activity, it is a sport, it has a stuffy enough image | :43:51. | :43:56. | |
any way, has a problem recruiting people. Why are you being so pen | :43:56. | :44:02. | |
nickity? I think the -- person nickity? I think the problem has | :44:02. | :44:06. | |
been people's lives, and speeding up the pace of play and access. The | :44:06. | :44:10. | |
putting piece is really an attempt by the regulatory authorities to | :44:10. | :44:20. | |
make sure that That free-flowing club is not compromised. Why does | :44:20. | :44:24. | |
it matter, it is like batting the reverse sweeping cricket, what is | :44:24. | :44:29. | |
the point? They are not, are they? They are not, precisely. There is | :44:29. | :44:33. | |
this anchoring point that fundamentally changes the ethos of | :44:33. | :44:39. | |
that stroke. If you tried it. Changes the ethos? The feel, ethos | :44:39. | :44:44. | |
is a bad word. Entirely it changes, and all four major open winners | :44:44. | :44:50. | |
currently use this way. There is no statistical proof it provides | :44:50. | :44:55. | |
advantage. Why does it matter? think the authorities and the RNA | :44:55. | :45:00. | |
and the golfing certainly public in the sku. I think have come down on | :45:00. | :45:05. | |
the side -- in the UK, I think, have come down on the side that the | :45:05. | :45:10. | |
game must be perpetuated. Is this further evidence of the stuffiness | :45:10. | :45:17. | |
of golf authorities? Sorry can you repeat. Yes, I was asking whether | :45:17. | :45:25. | |
you think this is evidence that the golf authorities are rather stuffy? | :45:25. | :45:29. | |
I'm sorry you are breaking up I'm having trouble catching you there. | :45:29. | :45:32. | |
Oh dear, I'm sorry about the communecation, we have terrible | :45:32. | :45:36. | |
communication problems there. Thank you very much for sparing the time | :45:36. | :45:40. | |
for joining you. Thank you two very much indeed. We will see that | :45:40. | :45:43. | |
justice is done eventually. And some of tomorrow morning's front | :45:43. | :45:53. | |
:45:53. | :46:20. | ||
pages, I did have them, I have lost That's all we have time for tonight. | :46:20. | :46:30. | |
:46:30. | :46:38. | ||
Good evening, a largely dry night out there tonight. One or two | :46:38. | :46:41. | |
showers can't be ruled out to take us into Wednesday morning. Most | :46:41. | :46:46. | |
start the day dry. Varying amounts of cloud, a chilly start in | :46:46. | :46:49. | |
Scotland, with the chill a strengthening wind, increasing | :46:49. | :46:52. | |
risks of showers in the afternoon. One or two showers pushing through | :46:52. | :46:55. | |
Northern Ireland. Still dry and bright here with sunny spells. The | :46:55. | :46:59. | |
showers through the day in Scotland, the northern half of Scotland in | :46:59. | :47:04. | |
particular becoming heavy with hail, sleet and snow over the higher | :47:04. | :47:06. | |
ground, the wind reaching gale- force into Wednesday night. Much of | :47:06. | :47:09. | |
central and western England will be dry. Down the eastern counties | :47:09. | :47:13. | |
always a bit more cloud throughout the day, and increasing risk in the | :47:13. | :47:18. | |
afternoon of a few showers popping up, very much hit and miss, most of | :47:18. | :47:23. | |
you avoiding them, but they could be on the heavy side. Cool in | :47:23. | :47:28. | |
eastern areas, average for the time of year. In the strengthening North | :47:28. | :47:32. | |
West wind around some of these coasts it will feel cooler. The | :47:32. | :47:36. | |
trend is to cooler conditions, if not colder by Thursday. This is the | :47:36. | :47:42. | |
city forecast for northern areas, temperatures dropping away markedly. | :47:42. | :47:44. | |
Showers becoming more frequent. Greater chance of getting wet on | :47:44. | :47:47. | |
Thursday, it will feel significantly colder. Winds | :47:47. | :47:51. |