Browse content similar to 12/11/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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This programme contains flash photography. | :00:00. | :00:10. | |
Good evening. The readiness of British people to give money to try | :00:11. | :00:16. | |
to help relieve suffering has been in evidence again tonight as | :00:17. | :00:20. | |
millions of pounds seem to be being donated to help victims of the | :00:21. | :00:23. | |
typhoon in the Philippines. This is a humanitarian crisis so the DEC | :00:24. | :00:27. | |
needs us to act now. Please help. | :00:28. | :00:31. | |
Thank you. What is that makes us give to these | :00:32. | :00:35. | |
appeals, to some more than others and is there a better way of | :00:36. | :00:42. | |
organising these things? Ireland is about to become the first | :00:43. | :00:46. | |
eurozone country to emerge from its bail out. What has the nation | :00:47. | :01:00. | |
learned from its latest experience of hair shirts and pence? There is | :01:01. | :01:02. | |
nor charity in what people do and the way they help each other and I | :01:03. | :01:12. | |
think it made us better. And Lady Gaga is in town. They try | :01:13. | :01:18. | |
me what to do the entire time? Even now? Yes, of course. | :01:19. | :01:27. | |
You would have to have a heart of stone not to be distressed by the | :01:28. | :01:33. | |
scenes of suffering caused by the Philippines typhoon. The broadcast | :01:34. | :01:38. | |
of a Disaster and Emergency Committee appeal tonight is intended | :01:39. | :01:41. | |
to provide a practical vehicle for that sympathy. ?10 million of | :01:42. | :01:44. | |
taxpayers' money has already been committed and more will follow. The | :01:45. | :01:48. | |
actions are based on the sense that there, but for the grace of God goes | :01:49. | :01:55. | |
any of us. Yet the idea of a common human bond seems to be tempered by | :01:56. | :01:58. | |
precisely which set of human beings are afflicted. Jim Reed reports. | :01:59. | :02:07. | |
This is a photo of my family. I am trying to get in contact with them. | :02:08. | :02:12. | |
My aunties, this is my mum. Thousands of miles away from the | :02:13. | :02:15. | |
devastation and desperate for news. There is a huge relief underway in | :02:16. | :02:20. | |
South East Asia, this group of second generation British Filipinos | :02:21. | :02:25. | |
get together in North London. I haven't been able to contact them | :02:26. | :02:29. | |
directly. Maybe the lines are down anyway. They can't pick up or the | :02:30. | :02:34. | |
batteries are not charged. Tor tens of thousands, in the UK, with | :02:35. | :02:39. | |
relation in the area affected by Typhoon Haiyan, the last few days | :02:40. | :02:43. | |
have been full of engaged tones and unanswered Facebook messages. People | :02:44. | :02:48. | |
over here feel helpless. For one, we can't get in touch with a lot of our | :02:49. | :02:50. | |
relatives. There isn't enough information coming out from certain | :02:51. | :02:55. | |
areas. There is a big focal point on one particular area which badly | :02:56. | :02:59. | |
needs help, but there is so many other areas that are suffering. | :03:00. | :03:04. | |
More pictures showing the scale of the destruction emerged today. | :03:05. | :03:08. | |
Helicopter footage shows houses flattened and roads unpassable. | :03:09. | :03:12. | |
Thousands are still without food, water or shelter. There have been | :03:13. | :03:18. | |
reports of looting and violence in some areas. Please, if we could have | :03:19. | :03:25. | |
for our people, because some of them are dying, they are hungry. We need | :03:26. | :03:32. | |
the help and assistance of some kind hearted people. | :03:33. | :03:36. | |
But the death toll from one of the strongest storms ever to make land | :03:37. | :03:42. | |
has been revised down. Early talk of 10,000 casualties was too high said | :03:43. | :03:44. | |
the president of the Philippines this evening. The final figure is | :03:45. | :03:50. | |
still likely to be around 2,500 with more than 500,000 more displaced. | :03:51. | :03:58. | |
These people desperately need your help, that's why the DEC... Here in | :03:59. | :04:04. | |
the UK, a group of 14 charities launched their appeal to help the | :04:05. | :04:08. | |
victims. The likes of Oxfam and Action Aid pooled resources at a | :04:09. | :04:12. | |
time like this, rather than try to compete for airspace and funds with | :04:13. | :04:17. | |
each other. In all of what we do, we should ensure dignity for the people | :04:18. | :04:21. | |
we are there to serve. Its working with people. What's amazing in these | :04:22. | :04:25. | |
emergencies I have found over the past 20 years is that we see these | :04:26. | :04:29. | |
dreadful pictures on the news, but actually, you know, people are | :04:30. | :04:34. | |
working together, communities come together. They care for each other | :04:35. | :04:38. | |
and there is lots of capacity in place that we need to do better at | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
working alongside to ensure lives are saved and to ensure recovery | :04:44. | :04:46. | |
takes place. The UN has already released ?15 | :04:47. | :04:51. | |
million worth of aid and has appealed for ?190 million worth of | :04:52. | :04:57. | |
assistance, but this cash is for emergency help, tents, food and | :04:58. | :05:01. | |
clean water, not to fund any long-term recovery plan. The Boxing | :05:02. | :05:09. | |
Day tsunami of 2004 generated over ?1 billion worth of aid spending, | :05:10. | :05:13. | |
but a later report backed by Bill Clinton said it took too long for | :05:14. | :05:18. | |
money to reach some areas and often the cash was wasted. The public are | :05:19. | :05:24. | |
keen to see results as quickly as possible. They are concerned about | :05:25. | :05:29. | |
the images that they are seeing, you know, people suffering and so there | :05:30. | :05:34. | |
is a testimony passion to give them shelter solutions as quickly as | :05:35. | :05:40. | |
possible in terms of tents, flat-pack houses, however, these are | :05:41. | :05:43. | |
often not appropriate for the context that they are in. They may | :05:44. | :05:47. | |
not be, you know, earthquake-resistant or hurricane | :05:48. | :05:52. | |
resistant or suitable for tropical zones or whatever they are in. | :05:53. | :05:55. | |
Across the other side of London, any talk of reconstruction means little | :05:56. | :06:03. | |
at the moment. This woman has been working in the UK while her children | :06:04. | :06:08. | |
grow up in the Philippines. She heard nothing from them since the | :06:09. | :06:12. | |
storm hit on Friday. As a mother, it is really heartbreaking to see all | :06:13. | :06:18. | |
the pictures and videos and I could picture, and I have been questioning | :06:19. | :06:22. | |
what about my children? What is the real condition of my children? We | :06:23. | :06:28. | |
might now understand the scale of the disaster in the Philippines, but | :06:29. | :06:33. | |
many of the stories of individuals and families have yet to be told. | :06:34. | :06:38. | |
Well, Owen Barder used to advise Tony Blair on aid and now works at | :06:39. | :06:43. | |
the Centre for Global Development. Ian Birrell is a contributing editor | :06:44. | :06:46. | |
for the Daily Mail. Are you impressed by the reaction to this | :06:47. | :06:49. | |
disaster? Yes, I think it shows the best of humanitarian that -- | :06:50. | :06:54. | |
humanity, we want to give, we the want to help. The fact that people | :06:55. | :06:58. | |
are willing to of reach into their pockets and help people on the other | :06:59. | :07:02. | |
side of the world is impressive. Are you impressed by the mechanism? | :07:03. | :07:08. | |
I this I we need to do it better. We have had the lessons of the tsunami | :07:09. | :07:14. | |
in 2004. We have had the lessons of Haiti. We have not learned the | :07:15. | :07:18. | |
lessons that we have to do it quickly. But it does reach them and | :07:19. | :07:23. | |
it does help them. What do you make of it? The mantra | :07:24. | :07:27. | |
of the aid industry is that we can do it better next time and that's | :07:28. | :07:30. | |
always what they have been saying and they have been saying it for 50 | :07:31. | :07:33. | |
years. Maybe they are getting better? You look at what happened in | :07:34. | :07:37. | |
Haiti and it was a terrible what happened, where the wishes of local | :07:38. | :07:41. | |
people were ignored and there were meetings being held, there were so | :07:42. | :07:43. | |
many people involved in the aid industry, because it is not Britain, | :07:44. | :07:47. | |
but it is every western country and the developing world. You get | :07:48. | :07:50. | |
hundreds and hundreds of groups forking in and causing chaos on the | :07:51. | :07:54. | |
ground. Well, what are you suggesting? The suggestion first of | :07:55. | :07:57. | |
all not for these, a lot of these groups are basically corporate | :07:58. | :08:02. | |
interests dressed up as Mother Teresa and they need to stop | :08:03. | :08:04. | |
thinking about their raising money and start thinking about what they | :08:05. | :08:09. | |
want to do a listen to people on the ground. In Haiti, there were | :08:10. | :08:12. | |
meetings being held without anyone there from Haiti and 0. 6% of the | :08:13. | :08:20. | |
money went to interests from Haiti, whereas 40 % was spent on those | :08:21. | :08:28. | |
supplying the aid living in expensive flats and buying expensive | :08:29. | :08:31. | |
cars. I know from friends that it is a | :08:32. | :08:36. | |
contest, who is going to get there, who is going to get the headlines on | :08:37. | :08:40. | |
the television, who is going to get the money? Ian, says we don't make | :08:41. | :08:46. | |
improvements, but I was in Ethiopia in the 1980s and I was there in 2009 | :08:47. | :08:50. | |
and 2010 when there was another drought and the big difference in | :08:51. | :08:55. | |
2009 and 2010, you didn't see people going to relief centres to get fed. | :08:56. | :08:58. | |
Why? Because there was a safety net in place that enabled Ethiopians to | :08:59. | :09:02. | |
receive food and money in their villages and in their towns, in the | :09:03. | :09:07. | |
face of a failed rains. That's the kind of progress that's made when a | :09:08. | :09:11. | |
country is able to put in place its Steplts ch systems to enable its | :09:12. | :09:15. | |
people to stay where they are rather than to have this disaster. Things | :09:16. | :09:20. | |
get better and we have had the most remarkable progress a across the | :09:21. | :09:24. | |
developing world. One of the things that should happen in this situation | :09:25. | :09:28. | |
is aid agencies, both the international organisations and the | :09:29. | :09:32. | |
NGOs should be more transparent about what they are doing. So that | :09:33. | :09:38. | |
everybody can plan and know where it is that the needs are greatest. | :09:39. | :09:43. | |
Something like the DEC is co-ordination of aid effort, isn't | :09:44. | :09:48. | |
it? That's a co-ordination of raising the money, but the crucial | :09:49. | :09:50. | |
thing and we didn't see this in Haiti and we need to see it in the | :09:51. | :09:55. | |
Philippines is the money as it gets spent is spent in a way that | :09:56. | :09:58. | |
everybody can see who is doing what because that's the only way that | :09:59. | :10:01. | |
people will be able to work out on the ground where they can contribute | :10:02. | :10:06. | |
and in the 21st century it doesn't make sense that we don't know how | :10:07. | :10:09. | |
the aid is spent. Have you any thought about the | :10:10. | :10:14. | |
different ways we react to different disasters? Well, clearly, there is | :10:15. | :10:18. | |
huge sympathy for something like this which is strong on television, | :10:19. | :10:25. | |
if you look in the Central African Republic now and there are 400,000 | :10:26. | :10:31. | |
displaced people. There is a huge difference in how they approach it. | :10:32. | :10:38. | |
The aid caravan moves on from one disaster to the other. If you look | :10:39. | :10:43. | |
in Haiti, $9 billion was spent on a country of ten billion people and at | :10:44. | :10:48. | |
the la end of -- and at the end of last year while the Red Cross had | :10:49. | :10:53. | |
?300 million, that was twice what was spent on permanent housing and | :10:54. | :10:58. | |
400,000 people were still in tents. It is obscene and my stomach turned | :10:59. | :11:03. | |
when I saw the activities and some of the things that people were | :11:04. | :11:08. | |
saying while the Haitians were frozen out of any decision making | :11:09. | :11:12. | |
and having their lives ruined again. It is no coincidence the mayor | :11:13. | :11:15. | |
called it the second earthquake and the second earthquake was the | :11:16. | :11:18. | |
arrival of thousands of these aid agencies trying to raise money. | :11:19. | :11:25. | |
You seem to be agreeing with him? If I was struck by a typhoon, I would | :11:26. | :11:29. | |
want somebody to come and help me, to give me food, water and shelter | :11:30. | :11:32. | |
and that's what people are doing and the idea that aid workers are there | :11:33. | :11:36. | |
because they think it is glamorous when they are working around the | :11:37. | :11:40. | |
clock in terrible conditions to help fellow human beings, that's obscene. | :11:41. | :11:44. | |
Yes, we can do it better and I want to see the aid system work better | :11:45. | :11:47. | |
and I am agreeing there are problems, but the idea that means | :11:48. | :11:51. | |
the whole exercise should be disregarded as a caravan of people | :11:52. | :11:54. | |
doing it in their own interests, that's cynicism. Thank you very | :11:55. | :11:57. | |
much. There are unmistakeable signs that | :11:58. | :12:01. | |
the NHS is gearing up for a crisis this winter. Downing Street has let | :12:02. | :12:06. | |
it be known that the Prime Minister is getting personally involved in | :12:07. | :12:08. | |
preparations. Like the leaves turning, warnings of a looming | :12:09. | :12:11. | |
calamity in accident and emergency departments come round most autumns. | :12:12. | :12:17. | |
But this year they are being taken more seriously than usual as the NHS | :12:18. | :12:20. | |
awaits tomorrow's publication of the inquiry into how to improve A | :12:21. | :12:22. | |
departments. Zoe Conway reports. Britain's politicians just can't | :12:23. | :12:34. | |
keep their hands off the leavers when it comes to the NHS. | :12:35. | :12:39. | |
And now the Prime Minister has decide to step in to be the A | :12:40. | :12:45. | |
enforcer so he can avert a winter health crisis The NHS is meant to be | :12:46. | :12:52. | |
largely independent of Government, but there is nothing like the threat | :12:53. | :12:57. | |
of a winter crisis to push a politician's buttons. The number of | :12:58. | :13:02. | |
people going to A departments has risen historically not least because | :13:03. | :13:05. | |
of an ageing population, one million more people are coming through the | :13:06. | :13:10. | |
doors than in 2010. Winter further challenges the system which is why | :13:11. | :13:14. | |
we are supporting the most under pressure A with an additional | :13:15. | :13:17. | |
?250 million, planning has started earlier than ever before this year. | :13:18. | :13:23. | |
There are new reports today of 12,000 patients spending 12 hours or | :13:24. | :13:29. | |
more on trolleys in A A is in crisis accord ing to the College of | :13:30. | :13:34. | |
Emergency Medicine and this is before the winter started. People | :13:35. | :13:38. | |
are asking where is the Government and what is it doing about it? So | :13:39. | :13:44. | |
far all they have heard is crisis, what crisis? | :13:45. | :13:48. | |
Andy Burnham is not the only one accusing the Government of | :13:49. | :13:52. | |
complacency. Over the past few years, we have seen a huge reduction | :13:53. | :13:57. | |
in the number of nursing staff at a time when workload is at record | :13:58. | :14:01. | |
levels. What we have here is a system that is not got itself geared | :14:02. | :14:06. | |
up to cope with what is inevitable that winter will come and unless we | :14:07. | :14:10. | |
are very, very lucky, there will be that surge and I am saddened to say | :14:11. | :14:16. | |
the planning in too many areas has not been good enough. | :14:17. | :14:20. | |
The latest figures on the amount of time people spend waiting on | :14:21. | :14:24. | |
hospital trolleys are hardly reassuring. There were over 87,000 | :14:25. | :14:28. | |
trolley waits of between four and 12 hours between April and October this | :14:29. | :14:36. | |
year. Up from 47,000 two years ago. The Health Minister cuts the first | :14:37. | :14:42. | |
turf a new ?187,000 centre. The NHS has always been the most | :14:43. | :14:48. | |
politicised of public services. Its founder said that if a bed pan | :14:49. | :14:54. | |
dropped on a hospital corridor, its noise should resound in the Palace | :14:55. | :14:59. | |
of Westminster. Never mind so-called bed-blocking, wards are regularly | :15:00. | :15:03. | |
clogged up by Prime Ministers desperate to roll up their sleeves | :15:04. | :15:08. | |
and get their hands clean. But some say be warned. David Cameron might | :15:09. | :15:11. | |
pull leavers, but they won't necessarily be attached to anything. | :15:12. | :15:16. | |
The funny thing about this debate, the NHS is made up, if you look at | :15:17. | :15:22. | |
it, of autonomous institutions by are hospitals and foundation trusts | :15:23. | :15:25. | |
and what goes on in the hospitals is not actually very closely affected | :15:26. | :15:31. | |
by politicians or policy, but you get this theatre every time there is | :15:32. | :15:37. | |
worries over the NHS and how it will cope with the winterment | :15:38. | :15:41. | |
There are concerns the last thing A need now is Whitehall meddling. | :15:42. | :15:45. | |
It is really puzzling. We have seen the largest piece of legislation | :15:46. | :15:49. | |
about the NHS in its history, entirely designed to take | :15:50. | :15:52. | |
politicians out of the day-to-day running of the NHS and the rational | :15:53. | :15:56. | |
behind that reasonably was that when you have the politicians entirely | :15:57. | :16:00. | |
focussing in this war room way on what's going on, all the energy in | :16:01. | :16:04. | |
the system looks up to try and keep the levels above them happy when | :16:05. | :16:07. | |
they actually should be spending their energy looking at the service | :16:08. | :16:11. | |
and how to improve it and how to redesign it. | :16:12. | :16:16. | |
Tom, the medical director of the information is expected to recommend | :16:17. | :16:19. | |
a radical overhaul of the way A are run. Today, there was this hint | :16:20. | :16:25. | |
from Jeremy Hunt. Yes, there are difficult decisions, but they are | :16:26. | :16:27. | |
decisions that his Government ducked and left the public exposed as a | :16:28. | :16:33. | |
result. Some are already wondering whether | :16:34. | :16:36. | |
difficult decisions could be political speak for A closures? | :16:37. | :16:45. | |
Well, Cliff Mann is President of the College of Emergency Medicine which | :16:46. | :16:48. | |
has warned that this year could see the worst ever winter in the NHS. | :16:49. | :16:53. | |
You say that every year, don't you? We haven't been asked most years. We | :16:54. | :17:00. | |
have been asked this year and we have been warning. The Department of | :17:01. | :17:02. | |
Health says the NHS has never been in better shape to cope with the | :17:03. | :17:06. | |
winter coming? I think that most of the things that people say are true, | :17:07. | :17:10. | |
the problem is, it is not the whole truth. We get little soundbites of | :17:11. | :17:13. | |
information here and there, and we are not taking the whole picture. So | :17:14. | :17:17. | |
you take politicians from one side of the fence and what they say is | :17:18. | :17:22. | |
true, if you take politicians from the other side of the House, but | :17:23. | :17:25. | |
what they say is also true, but it is not the whole picture and the NHS | :17:26. | :17:31. | |
is a complex struck steward and -- structure. | :17:32. | :17:34. | |
Is it not the case that an extra what is it ?500 billion is being | :17:35. | :17:39. | |
spent on A over the next two years? Well, ?250 million this year | :17:40. | :17:43. | |
of which only a small proportion is going to A and even then only to | :17:44. | :17:48. | |
the 50 worst performling trusts -- performing trusts which leaves 150 | :17:49. | :17:52. | |
trusts can no money this year. How much more money do you think you | :17:53. | :17:57. | |
need or is it a bottomless pit? We don't need any more money. We are | :17:58. | :18:01. | |
spending a lot of money, the ?250 million for this winner, last -- | :18:02. | :18:07. | |
winter, last year we spend over ?100 million for locums so that's ?350 | :18:08. | :18:14. | |
million, but we spend it on short-term fixes instead of sorting | :18:15. | :18:19. | |
out the problem. You -- you and your colleagues spent | :18:20. | :18:24. | |
a long time telling politicians to butt out of management of the NHS | :18:25. | :18:29. | |
and they do so and you make a pig's ear of it? We have never suggested | :18:30. | :18:35. | |
that politicians should butt out. We wanted a streamlined bureaucracy | :18:36. | :18:38. | |
within the NHS and that's what we haven't got. | :18:39. | :18:42. | |
Politician are having to wade in to bail you out at of the mess you find | :18:43. | :18:47. | |
yourselves in by your own account? Yes, this is the mess not of our own | :18:48. | :18:50. | |
making. The problems in the emergency departments up and down | :18:51. | :18:53. | |
the country are a mismatch between the numbers of patients attending | :18:54. | :18:57. | |
our departments and the numbers of staff we have to deal with that. | :18:58. | :19:00. | |
Whose fault is that? There has been a lack of medium and long-term | :19:01. | :19:05. | |
planning and no recognition if you remove credible alternatives to | :19:06. | :19:09. | |
out-of-hours care, the only place for people to attend is their local | :19:10. | :19:14. | |
accident and emergency departments and that's why numbers are rising. | :19:15. | :19:17. | |
And whose fault is that? That's a fault of a series of Government | :19:18. | :19:23. | |
decisions and decisions made by other bodies as your reporter said | :19:24. | :19:26. | |
which means that there has been a lack of clarity as to what those | :19:27. | :19:31. | |
out-of-hours services are. Are you reassured the Prime Minister | :19:32. | :19:34. | |
is taking personal charge of sorting things out this winter? Well, I am | :19:35. | :19:39. | |
always pleased to hear that senior Cabinet Ministers and the Prime | :19:40. | :19:43. | |
Minister himself wants to take an interest in this. I feel for a long | :19:44. | :19:46. | |
time the college has been trying to get our point across and for the | :19:47. | :19:50. | |
first base really, was to get people to hear what we're saying. Now they | :19:51. | :19:54. | |
are hearing what we are saying, hopefully we can move to the next | :19:55. | :19:58. | |
point which is where we need to take decisive action. | :19:59. | :20:02. | |
Thanks. There are some people who seem to | :20:03. | :20:06. | |
think that the way you reduce the cost of living in this country is | :20:07. | :20:10. | |
for the state to spend more and more taxpayers' money. They're wrong. | :20:11. | :20:13. | |
That was the gist of the Prime Minister's message in telling us we | :20:14. | :20:17. | |
have to get used to a permanently smaller state. Infuriated trades | :20:18. | :20:19. | |
unionists take this as evidence that David Cameron and his coterie have | :20:20. | :20:23. | |
no understanding of how tight things are for ordinary people. But it | :20:24. | :20:25. | |
prompted our political editor, Allegra Stratton, who has just about | :20:26. | :20:29. | |
to take off on maternity leave, to take a look at what we can make out | :20:30. | :20:33. | |
of Cameron's changing view on the state. | :20:34. | :20:36. | |
The State is being shrunk. A ?20 billion shrinkage here and more cuts | :20:37. | :20:45. | |
there. By the end of this pamplt and the middle of next spending on | :20:46. | :20:50. | |
public services will be down to less than a quarter of total UK GDP, all | :20:51. | :20:56. | |
reluctantly down the mroim once told us. I didn't come into politics to | :20:57. | :21:03. | |
make suts. Neither -- cutsment neither did Nick Clegg. Then this, | :21:04. | :21:08. | |
last night. We have cut the deficit by a third. That doesn't mean taking | :21:09. | :21:12. | |
difficult decisions on public spending. It also means something | :21:13. | :21:17. | |
more profound. It means building a leaner, more efficient State. We | :21:18. | :21:24. | |
need to do more with less. Not just now, but permanently. | :21:25. | :21:27. | |
The difficulty for the Conservatives is that while the public appear to | :21:28. | :21:32. | |
accept a shrinkage in the size of the deficit, in most polling, they | :21:33. | :21:36. | |
are less keen on shrunken public services, for this reason, Tories | :21:37. | :21:40. | |
are warned against bashing of the State, it puts swing voters off. | :21:41. | :21:45. | |
Efforts to shrink the State continued. Before the last general | :21:46. | :21:49. | |
election, the shen Shadow Chancellor announced -- the then Shadow | :21:50. | :21:52. | |
Chancellor announced many billions of pounds of spending cuts. One | :21:53. | :21:57. | |
biographer recounts that he turned to an aide and said, "Well, let's | :21:58. | :22:02. | |
see if this costs us the general election." The Tories know there is | :22:03. | :22:07. | |
scepticism about any plan to shrink the State and big public spending | :22:08. | :22:14. | |
cuts and for that reason, they have been sheepishly about them. When I | :22:15. | :22:18. | |
woke up and heard the BBC was reporting that you can make public | :22:19. | :22:22. | |
services better, I thought I had died and gone to heaven. What | :22:23. | :22:33. | |
changed? They think spending restraint. Michael Gove cut head | :22:34. | :22:36. | |
count at the Department of Education. 23,000 admin posts were | :22:37. | :22:43. | |
cut from the NHS, he said, but 5,000 doctors were taken on. | :22:44. | :22:49. | |
But another factor is growing, the economy is recovering, but Labour's | :22:50. | :22:53. | |
poll lead over the Conservatives is holding up, Tories think they have | :22:54. | :22:58. | |
to make voters believe that a Labour Government would scale back up | :22:59. | :23:01. | |
spending in public services, that it would mean a bigger State. The Prime | :23:02. | :23:06. | |
Minister hopes to focus voters' minds on the reality of letting | :23:07. | :23:09. | |
Labour back into power. He hopes that by talking about a leaner | :23:10. | :23:15. | |
State, he is capitalising on voter concern about runaway public | :23:16. | :23:27. | |
finances and also making Labour look provlogate in comparison. If the PM | :23:28. | :23:35. | |
continues with austerity, fresh areas must be cut in areas | :23:36. | :23:40. | |
untouched. So David Cameron is a tireless roller back of the State's | :23:41. | :23:47. | |
frontier, but not every mile of it and not this side of the election. | :23:48. | :23:55. | |
Of our most distinguished composers died today. Sir John Tavener was 69, | :23:56. | :24:00. | |
a deeply religious man who had been plagued by ill-health for much of | :24:01. | :24:06. | |
his life. The pain, he said this summer, had made him terribly | :24:07. | :24:09. | |
grateful for every moment he had left. Let's hear a little of his | :24:10. | :24:10. | |
work. How big a loss do you think he is? | :24:11. | :24:49. | |
It is a considerable loss because he forged a very individual voice. He | :24:50. | :24:56. | |
is rather like the English, he spoke to a huge number of people. He | :24:57. | :25:04. | |
started off as an avant-garde composer and wrote pieces like The | :25:05. | :25:13. | |
Whale. Celtic Requiem, these pieces were at the forefront of the | :25:14. | :25:17. | |
avant-garde and then he retreated into a spir spiritual world and | :25:18. | :25:27. | |
found a kind of language, that was sense uous and med tative and it | :25:28. | :25:31. | |
appealed to a need in people, in society, for something that was | :25:32. | :25:35. | |
spiritual which allowed people to look inside themselves and see their | :25:36. | :25:38. | |
place in a wider world. What was he like? You had the thrill | :25:39. | :25:44. | |
of having him compose pieces for you, but you performed for him? What | :25:45. | :25:50. | |
was that relationship like? Well, it was very intense because after I did | :25:51. | :25:58. | |
his opera Mary of Egypt, he started to write a lot of pieces for soprano | :25:59. | :26:04. | |
voice. The pieces he wrote for me, they got more and more complex and | :26:05. | :26:07. | |
difficult, but they always seemed to fit my voice and he had a very | :26:08. | :26:13. | |
particular sound in his mind so working together to achieve that was | :26:14. | :26:19. | |
quite difficult. But I think I managed to... Was he intimidating? | :26:20. | :26:32. | |
Sometimes, yes. He really pushed the voice, I think, even with his core | :26:33. | :26:37. | |
of music to the extremes. I never sang as I have sung in his music and | :26:38. | :26:44. | |
I have never sung as high, but another piece went as high. I sang | :26:45. | :26:48. | |
in the Albert Hall where I had to start on a D. It was up in the Gods | :26:49. | :26:56. | |
and the orchestra were down there and I had to hit this note and hold | :26:57. | :27:02. | |
it for several bars. But he was also, you know, very human. He had a | :27:03. | :27:08. | |
great sense of humour and working with him was quite, you know, good | :27:09. | :27:11. | |
fun. You are agreeing? Absolutely. | :27:12. | :27:23. | |
Although John had a manistic side he liked the finer things, fine food | :27:24. | :27:27. | |
and when he was younger, girls. He wasn't part of that Beatles set for | :27:28. | :27:34. | |
nothing. He had a wonderful white suit. He was so tall and he had this | :27:35. | :27:41. | |
congenital heart problem which killed him. Together with the white | :27:42. | :27:47. | |
suit and the white scar of, there was a white Rolls-Royce and he cut a | :27:48. | :27:54. | |
wonderful figure. You had this naughty boy about town, which I | :27:55. | :27:58. | |
rather liked. What was his relationship with the establishment | :27:59. | :28:01. | |
like, the musical establishment? I think they found him hard to accept | :28:02. | :28:06. | |
for a while because, you know, when people actually strike a chord, you | :28:07. | :28:16. | |
know, write the song that was done at Princess Diana's funeral, critics | :28:17. | :28:27. | |
and establishment look esconse, and his music speaks to millions of | :28:28. | :28:32. | |
people. He did a vigil which people sat through entranced. He had that | :28:33. | :28:37. | |
ability to take people on a journey. Did you have any sense of why he | :28:38. | :28:42. | |
struck this chord? What it was about his music or his presence coming | :28:43. | :28:47. | |
through his music? Do you know, I think he really connected with the | :28:48. | :28:51. | |
spiritual and he took risks to achieve that. I mean he actually | :28:52. | :28:57. | |
explored not just western music, he, when I first met him, he played | :28:58. | :29:03. | |
Indian classical music to me, and he loved Indian music. He tried to get | :29:04. | :29:09. | |
programme organisers to enlist this piece you mentioned which was seven | :29:10. | :29:13. | |
hours long. He with started at 10pm and finished with the dawn and | :29:14. | :29:18. | |
that's a very Indian idea... It is a happening. Exactly. It really is. He | :29:19. | :29:24. | |
drew instruments from China, from India, most people said it is | :29:25. | :29:29. | |
inconvenient, but actually, it brought another dimension in. Even | :29:30. | :29:34. | |
Middle Eastern elements. Not everything was a masterpiece, but a | :29:35. | :29:39. | |
lot of it was really wonderful Thank you very much. | :29:40. | :29:46. | |
It looks as if Ireland is about to become the first country in the | :29:47. | :29:50. | |
eurozone to emerge from the bail out programmes set up when the currency | :29:51. | :29:54. | |
went into spasm a few years ago. That moved the Celtic Tiger off the | :29:55. | :29:57. | |
list of endangered species and into the category of the extinct. But the | :29:58. | :30:01. | |
Irish, unlike some other parts of the eurozone took the medicine | :30:02. | :30:04. | |
prescribed and now it seems their economy is judged to be well | :30:05. | :30:07. | |
recovering. But the picture is almost as confused as the metaphors | :30:08. | :30:10. | |
with hordes of young people still driven to seek their fortunes | :30:11. | :30:18. | |
abroad. Joe Lynam brought his shovel over to Britain years ago. There | :30:19. | :30:26. | |
were kids around Ireland sent to school with kes ketchup sandwiches. | :30:27. | :30:36. | |
I just feel we exist as a family from month to month. Ireland will | :30:37. | :30:42. | |
emerge as a much more stable, much more realistic place. How many | :30:43. | :30:45. | |
people here intend to emigrate in the next two or three years? | :30:46. | :30:56. | |
The Irish economy collapsed five years ago, when a giant property | :30:57. | :31:00. | |
bubble burst taking the banking system with it. Because Ireland was | :31:01. | :31:04. | |
locked into the euro, it couldn't relieve pressure by devaluing its | :31:05. | :31:11. | |
currency, a bail out from the EU and IMF ensued and so too did tough | :31:12. | :31:14. | |
austerity. Ireland is forecast to grow by over | :31:15. | :31:19. | |
1% this year, the fact that it is growing at all is thanks in large | :31:20. | :31:30. | |
part to the tech sector. Welcome to Dublin. | :31:31. | :31:36. | |
The capital of Ireland. Welcome to Ireland. The new capital | :31:37. | :31:44. | |
of the digital world. APPLAUSE | :31:45. | :31:48. | |
Tech, whilst employing 8% or 9% of the workforce accounts for 40% of | :31:49. | :31:52. | |
its exports. Tech giants like Facebook, Google | :31:53. | :31:58. | |
and scwap twitter have their European offices in Ireland. Here | :31:59. | :32:08. | |
for for tax breaks and talent. Emigration is the stain which | :32:09. | :32:14. | |
Ireland simply cannot wash off. Whereas before, it was the | :32:15. | :32:17. | |
uneducated who left for the US, Canada or the UK. | :32:18. | :32:22. | |
Now, 1,000 well educated, mostly young people are taking their | :32:23. | :32:26. | |
talents overseas every week. Just when they are needed most at home. | :32:27. | :32:32. | |
Robert Burn is a psychology under graduate at UCD, he wants to work in | :32:33. | :32:38. | |
hospitals, but the public sector is slimming down and had pay cuts of a | :32:39. | :32:43. | |
fifth across-the-board. So Robert is job hunting in Australia and New | :32:44. | :32:47. | |
Zealand. I grew up in an environment where everybody was praising the | :32:48. | :32:51. | |
economy and everyone thought the Irish economy was the best thing | :32:52. | :32:54. | |
ever, but we have seen it is not sustain bible and it is really | :32:55. | :33:00. | |
affecting the youth. So personally, it is upsetting to feel that I have | :33:01. | :33:03. | |
to leave the country and leave behind my family and friends. | :33:04. | :33:08. | |
Newsnight arranged for 60 students to come together for a he debate | :33:09. | :33:11. | |
about emigration and their future. We are here to find out what | :33:12. | :33:16. | |
motivates people, whether it is getting some experience and coming | :33:17. | :33:22. | |
back or the fact there are no opportunities here in Ireland? | :33:23. | :33:25. | |
People have lost family members through suicide because of financial | :33:26. | :33:28. | |
pressure. There is kids around Ireland who have been sent to school | :33:29. | :33:34. | |
with ketchup sandwiches. We are here, we are safe enough, protected | :33:35. | :33:38. | |
enough, but there is people and families in this country without | :33:39. | :33:42. | |
hope. Do you feel the anger that some young under graduates may feel, | :33:43. | :33:45. | |
their prospects are withering in front of them? No. I don't feel it | :33:46. | :33:54. | |
and I haven't observed it and I think if you are an under graduate | :33:55. | :34:01. | |
with no plan and no specific goal in mind, it is very easy to become | :34:02. | :34:05. | |
disillusioned and upset about the future. We have employers contacted, | :34:06. | :34:14. | |
I have employers contacting me every day. Who laughed at that prospect? | :34:15. | :34:22. | |
People under 25 are earning 25% less. People who are two or three | :34:23. | :34:28. | |
years older are earning 17% more in the same role as people who are | :34:29. | :34:31. | |
under 25 year. Despite the seeming pessimism, they | :34:32. | :34:37. | |
are positive about the future. I want a show hands, no one is allowed | :34:38. | :34:46. | |
to abstain. Who is optimistic? Whatever the evidence is, Irish | :34:47. | :34:50. | |
people always feel that things could be worse and you find people in | :34:51. | :34:53. | |
Ireland will tell you that at least we are not Greece. And they will | :34:54. | :34:59. | |
feel it is about to get better. Unlike the Greeks or Spanish, the | :35:00. | :35:04. | |
Irish didn't vent their anger on the streets, so what does that say about | :35:05. | :35:09. | |
their character and have they changed since the crisis. One famous | :35:10. | :35:15. | |
Irish boxer thinks so. I think it has create more care in the | :35:16. | :35:21. | |
community. More cohesiveness within society in general. People are | :35:22. | :35:26. | |
helping out more often. There is more charity in what people do and | :35:27. | :35:31. | |
the way they help each other and I think it made us better. | :35:32. | :35:36. | |
Maybe taking it on the chin, we have had a lot of hard times, a lot of | :35:37. | :35:42. | |
people of my age and younger had to emigrate and go abroad and find work | :35:43. | :35:46. | |
and life abroad and probably won't come home at all maybe and you know, | :35:47. | :35:52. | |
that's hard from a friend's point of view and from a family point of | :35:53. | :35:57. | |
view. The word is Ireland's demise and | :35:58. | :36:01. | |
potential rise, better illustrated than its property market. House | :36:02. | :36:05. | |
prices crashed by almost 60% when the crisis struck, but have started | :36:06. | :36:10. | |
rising again in Dublin and the main cities. | :36:11. | :36:17. | |
How much would this place typically sell for? OK, at the moment, this | :36:18. | :36:24. | |
would sell between 525,000 and 550,000. The same house 12 months | :36:25. | :36:29. | |
ago was probably more around the 450,000 mark. | :36:30. | :36:34. | |
70,000 or 8le 0,000 drop in the space of 12 months? Absolutely. | :36:35. | :36:38. | |
Whoever buys this house will have a smaller mortgage than those who | :36:39. | :36:43. | |
bought in the five or so years before the crash in 2008. They | :36:44. | :36:51. | |
include Mandy Freeman, a theatre nurse earning 36,000 per annum, but | :36:52. | :36:57. | |
describes herself as one of Ireland's working poor. Her income | :36:58. | :37:01. | |
has been slashed by a quarter. There is a deficit in the pay packet every | :37:02. | :37:06. | |
month. We have had to cut our health insurance. We don't have family | :37:07. | :37:10. | |
holidays anymore and we have had to cut a lot of corners in relation to | :37:11. | :37:15. | |
shopping and utility bills and outgoings. I feel we exist as a | :37:16. | :37:20. | |
family from month to month. Mandy was typical of many who | :37:21. | :37:26. | |
believed the boom would never end so badly. One prominent Irish | :37:27. | :37:30. | |
businessman feels that the Irish knew they would have to atone. | :37:31. | :37:35. | |
Somewhere deep down there in the Catholic mentality was an | :37:36. | :37:38. | |
understanding that actually, we will have to pay for this. People were | :37:39. | :37:45. | |
being driven by, you know, a quick buck, the opportunity to make money, | :37:46. | :37:51. | |
the pushing of things. There was a sense that something was lost and | :37:52. | :37:54. | |
you had this huge influx of people from outside who did most of the | :37:55. | :37:58. | |
work. There was a kind of almost a laziness that crept into Irish | :37:59. | :38:05. | |
society. Ireland still has 13% unemployment | :38:06. | :38:10. | |
and one of the highest levels of personal and Government debt in | :38:11. | :38:15. | |
Europe, but GDP and job creation is up and confidence that it is nudging | :38:16. | :38:21. | |
higher. Ireland was the model pupil who took its punishment stowically. | :38:22. | :38:42. | |
Well John Bruton is a former Irish Prime Minister. Ann Pettifor is | :38:43. | :38:50. | |
director of Policy Research in macro economics. , what is the lesson? We | :38:51. | :38:54. | |
have formed a direct investment sector, you menning mentioned | :38:55. | :38:57. | |
pharmaceuticals, and financial services and also we have made this | :38:58. | :39:00. | |
a country where it is easy to set-up a new business, the bureaucracy | :39:01. | :39:05. | |
involved in establishing a new business is small and that has | :39:06. | :39:09. | |
encouraged a lot of Irish people to set-up businesses, spinning off from | :39:10. | :39:14. | |
the hi-tech sector and has enabled us to be in a situation now where | :39:15. | :39:19. | |
our services exports exceed our goods exports. So we are a dynamic | :39:20. | :39:24. | |
economy and we are also an open economy in contrast to say Greece, | :39:25. | :39:27. | |
Portugal or Spain where they basically trade within their own | :39:28. | :39:32. | |
nation. We export and import much more which means that... Sorry to | :39:33. | :39:40. | |
cut across you there. It is a very a mixed picture when you see a lot of | :39:41. | :39:43. | |
young people emigrating, a lot of people had to take serious cuts in | :39:44. | :39:49. | |
their living standards, and worry about making ends meet and yet, | :39:50. | :39:53. | |
according to the IMF and the European Central Bank, this is an | :39:54. | :39:59. | |
economy that's resurgent? I heard Joe Lynam say that as well. There | :40:00. | :40:05. | |
has been an uptake in the quarterly numbers on GDP, the European | :40:06. | :40:09. | |
Commission says the economy continues to contract. We have high | :40:10. | :40:12. | |
levels of unemployment. We have incomes falling. We have households | :40:13. | :40:20. | |
with 200% of their debt to disposable income and we have a | :40:21. | :40:25. | |
country that's effectively evicting a generation of its people, 1,000 | :40:26. | :40:32. | |
people a week and it is a tax haven. So I mean I really think that the | :40:33. | :40:37. | |
talk... You wouldn't think the two of you are talking about the same | :40:38. | :40:41. | |
country? There is a lot of spin going on about Ireland. The economy | :40:42. | :40:45. | |
has not been restructured, not a lot has changed since the crisis. John | :40:46. | :40:54. | |
Bruton? I would like Ann to no he at the height of the crisis, we were | :40:55. | :41:00. | |
losing jobs. The number employed was doing reduced by 8,000 a month. We | :41:01. | :41:04. | |
are adding jobs at a rate of 3,000 a month and that's changed completely. | :41:05. | :41:08. | |
Ireland is not a tax haven. Ireland made a decision to have a low | :41:09. | :41:13. | |
corporate tax rate, but that's a transparent system of taxation with | :41:14. | :41:17. | |
no special deals for individual companies like you see in certain | :41:18. | :41:22. | |
Continental European countries. Of course, we have a problem with | :41:23. | :41:25. | |
personal debt. That's how we got into the difficulty we are in, but | :41:26. | :41:29. | |
where the level of personal debt is being reduced and the Government has | :41:30. | :41:38. | |
on every occasion met the fiscal targets for dealing with its | :41:39. | :41:41. | |
financial problems. One of the reasons why Ireland is having | :41:42. | :41:46. | |
trouble accessing the ESM is that Ireland's European partners are | :41:47. | :41:51. | |
really angry about the corporate tax levels, about the fact that they are | :41:52. | :41:59. | |
effectively subsidising Ireland. This is another argument altogether? | :42:00. | :42:04. | |
No, we are being lent money by our European partners upon which we are | :42:05. | :42:07. | |
paying interest. That's not a subsidy. That's a deliberate | :42:08. | :42:11. | |
decision by our European partners that they want to keep the European | :42:12. | :42:17. | |
single currency together, they don't want Europe going down the route of | :42:18. | :42:20. | |
devaluation and inflation of the kind we had in the 70s and # 0s -- | :42:21. | :42:26. | |
80s, they are building a single currency and that solidarity is | :42:27. | :42:29. | |
being shown to Ireland and we appreciate it and hopefully in due | :42:30. | :42:35. | |
time we will be able to reciprocate it? By under cutting her partners in | :42:36. | :42:41. | |
tax terms, this is causing quite a lot of anger not just in Europe, but | :42:42. | :42:47. | |
also in the United States? No. Ireland had this tax rate... I am | :42:48. | :42:52. | |
going to have to cut you off because we don't have anymore time for this | :42:53. | :42:55. | |
discussion. I am sorry. Thank you. | :42:56. | :43:02. | |
Now a rare encounter with genius. The shy chanteuse Lady Gaga is | :43:03. | :43:05. | |
coming back from a debilitating illness with a new album. At a | :43:06. | :43:08. | |
characteristically modest launch event in which she was transported | :43:09. | :43:14. | |
by flying frock. She told the world that her latest work is not really | :43:15. | :43:18. | |
about me at all, not about money and mass production, but about moving | :43:19. | :43:22. | |
the world away from a place of vanity and ego. This Mahatma-like | :43:23. | :43:24. | |
ambition was irresistible to Miranda Sawyer of the Culture Show. | :43:25. | :43:29. | |
Gaga. We can back. Thank you forking having me. You had an enforceted | :43:30. | :43:37. | |
absence between the last album and this one due to illness. How were | :43:38. | :43:42. | |
you as a patient? And how is it to be back? Well, I guess I was a good | :43:43. | :43:48. | |
patient because I was so excited to rejuvenate my body. It was exciting | :43:49. | :43:53. | |
in a way. You feel like an infant, but in another way, I felt dead all | :43:54. | :43:58. | |
the time because I couldn't be on stage so I guess I just really took | :43:59. | :44:05. | |
to enjoying and appreciationing the parts of what I do, that are life is | :44:06. | :44:12. | |
art all the time as a way too make it through that sort of torture I | :44:13. | :44:17. | |
was feeling. I think it was good for me because this stage is, you know, | :44:18. | :44:22. | |
it is a place that I started to rely on, I think, very much and the fans | :44:23. | :44:26. | |
and that interconnection and when it went away, I had to find a more | :44:27. | :44:31. | |
spiritual connection with music and art and I am sort am on that journey | :44:32. | :44:35. | |
path now. When you this I of how you present | :44:36. | :44:39. | |
yourself on stage. If you think about a lot of pop artists and | :44:40. | :44:45. | |
female artists who are presented in a straightforwardly sexual way. They | :44:46. | :44:49. | |
have to be really good looking and presented as though the first thing | :44:50. | :44:54. | |
you are going to react to is do you fancy them. You don't do that, | :44:55. | :44:59. | |
sometimes you do and sometimes you don't. How do you regard your body | :45:00. | :45:04. | |
then within that context? Well, I would say that in pop music, in that | :45:05. | :45:12. | |
particular sphere that there is one dimensional quality to sexuality. I | :45:13. | :45:18. | |
think the difference between what I do and that, if I can maybe start | :45:19. | :45:21. | |
there, is there is an intention always behind the sexuality if the | :45:22. | :45:27. | |
sexuality is there, but most of the time I don't particularly find | :45:28. | :45:32. | |
myself to be very sexy actually and in the beginning of my career, I | :45:33. | :45:37. | |
think that some of this exploration of covering myself up and | :45:38. | :45:43. | |
transforming into other icons and other states of life was a sense of | :45:44. | :45:48. | |
sexual freedom for me because I felt numb by my experiences and I wanted | :45:49. | :45:53. | |
to escape things. You use sex on this album in quite, in an | :45:54. | :45:56. | |
interesting way. There is lots of different aspects to it, but often | :45:57. | :46:02. | |
it is used as a way into love, it seems? The sex is hopefully going to | :46:03. | :46:05. | |
lead on to something that will touch you a little more. Would you say | :46:06. | :46:09. | |
that's right? Yes, I would say that's right, but I don't create | :46:10. | :46:17. | |
with the intention of the finale, if that makes any sense? I don't always | :46:18. | :46:21. | |
know what is going to come out of it. So it is really beautiful for me | :46:22. | :46:25. | |
to hear your reading of my experience with sex and love at this | :46:26. | :46:30. | |
time because my earlier experiences with sex were quite perverted and | :46:31. | :46:42. | |
scary, terrifying, fear. I don't know, it reminds me of these things | :46:43. | :46:46. | |
we are sitting around. Yeah, they are quite spooky, aren't | :46:47. | :46:52. | |
they? It was a little bit terrifying for me so now I have really great | :46:53. | :46:57. | |
sex. Which is good k, I'm glad to hear it. It is a natural change. | :46:58. | :47:00. | |
When you are talking about your reaction to your fans, your | :47:01. | :47:04. | |
relationship seems to be particularly intense. It is. What do | :47:05. | :47:09. | |
you get from them? Not just when you are performing, but when you see | :47:10. | :47:14. | |
them outside the hotel, when they talk to you? Well, I choose to | :47:15. | :47:21. | |
receive their love and because of that, it has become very intimate | :47:22. | :47:29. | |
over the years. I think that you know maybe in your suggestion that | :47:30. | :47:33. | |
my relationship with my fans is different than some other pop | :47:34. | :47:41. | |
artists, I think some of it is because there is a separation | :47:42. | :47:45. | |
between them and the work for some people. That what I'm doing here and | :47:46. | :47:51. | |
what is happening here are two different things. But because I've | :47:52. | :47:58. | |
studied since I was 11 years old, I have a sense of, I have a sense. So | :47:59. | :48:07. | |
because of that I am aware of their energy all the time and I receive | :48:08. | :48:13. | |
it, so I need it for my work. I can't survive as what I have become | :48:14. | :48:17. | |
without them. I didn't mean to interrupt then, sorry. I didn't mean | :48:18. | :48:21. | |
to talk for so long! These things happen, you know, you have got a lot | :48:22. | :48:30. | |
to say. Do I? I might sound total sheet and your ratings will go down | :48:31. | :48:36. | |
and you will wonder why you put me on this show. | :48:37. | :48:42. | |
You can see more of that interview on a Culture Show special. | :48:43. | :48:48. | |
Until then, sleep well. | :48:49. | :48:52. |