Browse content similar to 05/02/2014. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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The Vatican systematically turned a blind eye to the abuse of thousands | :00:10. | :00:15. | |
of children by priests. The claim comes not from some fringe | :00:16. | :00:18. | |
organisation or even victims of abuse. It comes from the United | :00:19. | :00:23. | |
Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. New era or no new era, | :00:24. | :00:29. | |
this unprecedented attack has left the church aggrieved and angry. Does | :00:30. | :00:34. | |
the UN speak for natural justice and is the Channel Tunnel capable of | :00:35. | :00:37. | |
reform? Can you read the new Latin or is the | :00:38. | :00:42. | |
plan to teach computer code about as practicable as compulsory ancient | :00:43. | :00:46. | |
Greek. As strike action allows London's buses to offer the kind of | :00:47. | :00:51. | |
claustrophobic experience normally only reserved for tube passengers, | :00:52. | :00:55. | |
can there really be Conservative plans to ban strikes. So today's | :00:56. | :01:02. | |
strike would have been unlawful. And there would have been a judge | :01:03. | :01:07. | |
deciding between TFL and London over the job cuts. That's right, there | :01:08. | :01:11. | |
would not be a strike. We will ask the former England cricket captain, | :01:12. | :01:16. | |
Michael Vaughan, why on earth the game's bosses have sacked our best | :01:17. | :01:26. | |
batsman. There has never been a report like it. There is the target, | :01:27. | :01:30. | |
for one thing, the Vatican, vet seat of power in the Catholic Church. | :01:31. | :01:35. | |
There is the accuser for another, an arm of the United Nations and the | :01:36. | :01:38. | |
language for one more. It is blistering. The UN committee for the | :01:39. | :01:42. | |
rights of the child, accuses of Catholic Church of adopting policies | :01:43. | :01:47. | |
which allowed priests to abuse thousands of children. It is | :01:48. | :01:50. | |
scathing about the church's behaviour. In a moment I will be | :01:51. | :01:55. | |
talking to a press spokesman for the Vatican and an abuse survivor. | :01:56. | :01:59. | |
First we have this report. Pope Francis may be an energetic and | :02:00. | :02:06. | |
reforming new presence, but he henner incompetents -- inherits an | :02:07. | :02:13. | |
old problem. Today the scandal that so tarnished Pope Benedict has not | :02:14. | :02:18. | |
gone away. The report expressed "deepest concern" of the involvement | :02:19. | :02:24. | |
of Catholic clerics in the abuse of tens and thousands of children | :02:25. | :02:29. | |
worldwide. It called for the removal of Clergy that are known child | :02:30. | :02:33. | |
abusers. It wants the Vaticans to open their files on Clergy that | :02:34. | :02:38. | |
concealed their crimes. It condemned the transfer of child abusers to | :02:39. | :02:43. | |
other parishes. The report's author said the church remained in breach | :02:44. | :02:47. | |
of the UN Convention on Child protection. They are in breach of | :02:48. | :02:51. | |
the convention, because they haven't done all the things they should have | :02:52. | :02:55. | |
done. These are not only recommendations of best practice, | :02:56. | :02:58. | |
some of them are real violations of the convention when you don't follow | :02:59. | :03:01. | |
up and protect children when you have the possibility to do so. We | :03:02. | :03:08. | |
would consider it a violation for future if they don't follow up on | :03:09. | :03:13. | |
our recommendations. The scandal has had a devastating effect on the | :03:14. | :03:16. | |
reputation of the church and much of the developed world. Even in Italy, | :03:17. | :03:20. | |
congregations of ageing, and the church recruits priests from the | :03:21. | :03:24. | |
developing world, where the faith is growing. Critics say the church has | :03:25. | :03:28. | |
been more concerned with protecting its own reputation than with | :03:29. | :03:32. | |
protecting the children in its care. I think the Catholic Church in the | :03:33. | :03:36. | |
UK, certainly in England and Wales, has taken huge steps forward, and it | :03:37. | :03:43. | |
is held up as a good example of child protection procedures and | :03:44. | :03:47. | |
policies. But worldwide, the United Nations has said that children, | :03:48. | :03:52. | |
thousands of children have been abused and many are still at risk, I | :03:53. | :03:57. | |
think that is very significant. Having said that I do place some | :03:58. | :04:02. | |
faith in Pope Francis, because he has said that child protection is | :04:03. | :04:07. | |
the most important thing. The church is growing fast in Africa and south | :04:08. | :04:11. | |
and central America, where local Clergy are held in high public | :04:12. | :04:15. | |
veneration. Compared to Europe and North America, clerical child abuse | :04:16. | :04:19. | |
is seldom even acknowledged here. That doesn't mean it is not | :04:20. | :04:22. | |
happening. One abuse survivor told Newsnight last year that he had been | :04:23. | :04:30. | |
abused in the very place he thought he was safest. TRANSLATION: In the | :04:31. | :04:34. | |
house of God, in a church, in a church that didn't pay attention to | :04:35. | :04:38. | |
what was being done to me. What other priests were doing to other | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
children. It is complicated really. As a child well you think the church | :04:44. | :04:48. | |
is there to look after children, not in my case. No-one stopped what was | :04:49. | :04:55. | |
going on. The UN report has no legal standing, no power to effect change | :04:56. | :05:00. | |
within these impervious walls. Pope Francis has promised to overhaul the | :05:01. | :05:06. | |
notoriously secretive, defensive, Catholic hierarchy. Today's report | :05:07. | :05:10. | |
is a reminder that there is much yet to be done. Well with us now here in | :05:11. | :05:17. | |
the studio is one of the victims of that abuse. An abuse survivor a | :05:18. | :05:26. | |
member of Snap, a network of those abused by priests. You were in | :05:27. | :05:29. | |
Geneva today, what were your feelings about the report when it | :05:30. | :05:33. | |
was published? It was very validating because we were very | :05:34. | :05:36. | |
surprised that there was such a strong report. Because basically the | :05:37. | :05:43. | |
United Nations has ratified what we the victims have been saying for | :05:44. | :05:48. | |
decades, that there is a need for more transparency and the end of | :05:49. | :05:52. | |
impunity, that child abuse is prosecuted, even if it is committed | :05:53. | :05:56. | |
by priests. And also that there is a need for a culture of | :05:57. | :05:59. | |
accountability. The bishops who protect child abusers have to be | :06:00. | :06:02. | |
fired. I don't want to go into the details of your space, it happened | :06:03. | :06:09. | |
in Spain. This pattern that the report refers to, where priests are | :06:10. | :06:14. | |
moved from parish to parish and even country to country sometimes, rather | :06:15. | :06:19. | |
than being brought to justice, is that something observably true in | :06:20. | :06:24. | |
your experience? It was very interesting because there was a | :06:25. | :06:27. | |
diverse group of survivors in Geneva. We were from different | :06:28. | :06:31. | |
countries, different ages and the common experience was that when the | :06:32. | :06:36. | |
Vatican have said they were changed and doing things in a different way, | :06:37. | :06:41. | |
the feeling that we all had was that didn't happen in my case, they | :06:42. | :06:46. | |
weren't transparent, they protected the abuser and they didn't punish | :06:47. | :06:50. | |
him. There was a disconnect between the propaganda the Vatican was | :06:51. | :06:53. | |
saying and our reality. The Vatican says it is going to "take note" of | :06:54. | :06:57. | |
this report, which is a polite way of saying, I suspect, we will | :06:58. | :07:01. | |
register that it has happened and that is about it, were you impressed | :07:02. | :07:08. | |
by their reaction? No, but I wasn't surprised either. They will be doing | :07:09. | :07:13. | |
and saying the same thing for the last 30 years. I guess they believe | :07:14. | :07:18. | |
that they are going fast, taking into account how slowly the Channel | :07:19. | :07:22. | |
Tunnel changes. But in child protection, a few decades is a | :07:23. | :07:25. | |
really huge amount of time. They should have changed by now. But on | :07:26. | :07:31. | |
the other happened the Catholic Church does have a legitimate | :07:32. | :07:39. | |
complaint against the UN, this UN report has been attacked for its | :07:40. | :07:45. | |
position on gay marriage and abortion, neither of which are the | :07:46. | :07:50. | |
issues of the UN committee? I have read the report, from my | :07:51. | :07:52. | |
understanding it doesn't exactly say what you are implying, they mention | :07:53. | :07:58. | |
abortion in a very specific case, in which a child was raped and was | :07:59. | :08:05. | |
pregnant and the bishop, instead of excommunicating the rapist, | :08:06. | :08:09. | |
excommunicated the parent and the little child had an abortion. What | :08:10. | :08:13. | |
the United Nations was saying that perhaps in the case of child rape | :08:14. | :08:19. | |
the church could decide to take a more benevolent approach. I'm going | :08:20. | :08:23. | |
to interrupt you there, we are joined from Toronto by the English | :08:24. | :08:28. | |
language assistant to the holy see press office. Father Thomas, what's | :08:29. | :08:36. | |
your reaction to this report? First of all the central purpose of the | :08:37. | :08:39. | |
report was to address the question of child abuse by the Clergy. And I | :08:40. | :08:44. | |
stand firmly with that report in that we have a problem and we have | :08:45. | :08:48. | |
tried to address that problem as best as possible, especially since | :08:49. | :08:55. | |
the year 2001. As the Holy See said formally and diplomatically, we have | :08:56. | :08:58. | |
taken note of this and will respond in a detailed form to the issues | :08:59. | :09:03. | |
raised. That is a diplomatic response to the report. However I | :09:04. | :09:06. | |
have certain questions about how this report was generated, and also | :09:07. | :09:12. | |
some very serious Lacuna or absence in this report of key issues. For | :09:13. | :09:19. | |
example there is a complete obvious ignorance of the history of the | :09:20. | :09:23. | |
Catholic Church in addressing the situation, especially since 2001. | :09:24. | :09:27. | |
Secondly, there is a very clear attempt in this report to have a new | :09:28. | :09:31. | |
reading of history. The report and those who wrote it do not understand | :09:32. | :09:34. | |
the structure of the Catholic Church. And the third area of the | :09:35. | :09:39. | |
report is what other religious group would endure a religious | :09:40. | :09:46. | |
intervention by the United Nations into doctrinal practice and the | :09:47. | :09:48. | |
living out of one's faith. This would never be done with other | :09:49. | :09:51. | |
religious groups. I think the group went over the top in inserting | :09:52. | :09:56. | |
themselves, or asserting themselves in areas over which they have no | :09:57. | :09:59. | |
competence whatsoever. The basic thrust of the report on this | :10:00. | :10:02. | |
question of child abuse, you agree with, that the Catholic Church has | :10:03. | :10:07. | |
shown itself more concerned with moving priests around and protecting | :10:08. | :10:10. | |
the reputation of your institution than it has with the welfare of the | :10:11. | :10:14. | |
child, you accept that do you? We have said very clearly, as the | :10:15. | :10:17. | |
church, from the highest level, all the way down to the diocese level | :10:18. | :10:25. | |
that there have been crimes committed and sins committed. Let me | :10:26. | :10:30. | |
ask you one simple question then. Let me finish the sentence please. | :10:31. | :10:34. | |
You are saying what you have done in the past, I'm asking you in the | :10:35. | :10:37. | |
light of the report whether you will now make it an instruction to | :10:38. | :10:41. | |
diocese that when an allegation of child abuse is reported, the | :10:42. | :10:44. | |
relevant prosecuting authorities or the police are informed immediately. | :10:45. | :10:49. | |
That is under way now. It has been under way. So the report shows it is | :10:50. | :10:53. | |
not ware of the policies and procedures that have been | :10:54. | :10:56. | |
implemented. Now let me say this too, the report presumes that Rome, | :10:57. | :11:03. | |
the Vatican, the Holy See sits perched on the hill issuing dictates | :11:04. | :11:07. | |
to all the branch offices. That is not the reality of the church. The | :11:08. | :11:11. | |
power of the church in this area resides with the local bishop. It | :11:12. | :11:15. | |
resides in local situations. We know in some situations more than others | :11:16. | :11:22. | |
the serious crimes are known to everyone and we have addressed them. | :11:23. | :11:27. | |
In the numerous diocese in the United States, Canada and Great | :11:28. | :11:30. | |
Britain where you are, that the bishops have been extremely | :11:31. | :11:33. | |
courageous in addressing this issue. We know that other people have not | :11:34. | :11:38. | |
been so assiduous and courageous to do that. We have a victim of abuse | :11:39. | :11:43. | |
by a Catholic priest in the studio, would you like to react to what | :11:44. | :11:50. | |
Father Thomas has just said? I would want to ask him two questions. The | :11:51. | :11:56. | |
first question is the first time there was a report regarding the | :11:57. | :12:00. | |
problem with child abuse was in 1995 and it was done by Father Thomas | :12:01. | :12:07. | |
Doyle, I was three years old, they had 13 years to sort it out and | :12:08. | :12:12. | |
perhaps if they had done something I wouldn't have been abused when I was | :12:13. | :12:17. | |
16. They only decided to report crimes to the authorities in 2011, | :12:18. | :12:25. | |
25 years after the first warning sign was shown. To put those two | :12:26. | :12:28. | |
things together, you are saying that the problem has been one that they | :12:29. | :12:33. | |
have not seen this as urgent? 25 years. Please let me just say this, | :12:34. | :12:41. | |
is your name Miguel? Yes. First of all I want to apologise to you for | :12:42. | :12:45. | |
what you have endured. On behalf of the church and on behalf of me as a | :12:46. | :12:51. | |
priest, it is disgusting, it is criminal, sinful it is evil, and you | :12:52. | :12:54. | |
have bourne this and you have suffered from it and I am very, very | :12:55. | :12:59. | |
sorry, that being said, we are doing our absolute best to make sure that | :13:00. | :13:03. | |
no more young people will endure what you, Miguel have endured. | :13:04. | :13:07. | |
Gentlemen thank you very much indeed. I'm sorry about the | :13:08. | :13:11. | |
technical problems we have had with all of this thank you very much both | :13:12. | :13:13. | |
of you. Every politician knows the National | :13:14. | :13:16. | |
Health Service is a sacred cow when it comes to talk of the need for | :13:17. | :13:20. | |
cuts in public spending. If politics is about choices it is one choice | :13:21. | :13:24. | |
no-one wants to argue for. But if there is a surge in demand for | :13:25. | :13:27. | |
health care because of growing population, what does it mean to say | :13:28. | :13:33. | |
the budget is ring-fenced, not much according to the Institute for | :13:34. | :13:36. | |
Fiscal Studies which warned today that by the end of this decade we | :13:37. | :13:39. | |
will have gone through a cut in health spending per person of nine. | :13:40. | :13:50. | |
11%. -- nine. 1%. What want to think | :13:51. | :14:05. | |
about -- who wants to think about money when this is happening. You | :14:06. | :14:09. | |
are carrying life in you and billions of other women have done | :14:10. | :14:13. | |
the same thing. It is knowing how fundamental wishes like that are, | :14:14. | :14:17. | |
from giving birth and staying alive into old age that led politicians to | :14:18. | :14:22. | |
ring-fence the NHS budget. With each of the issues fulfilled there is a | :14:23. | :14:26. | |
new human being with needs, and they will need healthcare for longer than | :14:27. | :14:30. | |
before. From the roof of the Royal London Hospital, you can get an idea | :14:31. | :14:34. | |
of how many extra people trusts like these have to serve. It is because | :14:35. | :14:37. | |
of the surge in population, not budget cuts, that NHS budgets are | :14:38. | :14:41. | |
getting squeezed. The population growth is down to two factor, | :14:42. | :14:45. | |
immigration and people living longer. That means that even though | :14:46. | :14:49. | |
budgets are ring-fenced they are spread across more people, and there | :14:50. | :14:54. | |
is less money to spend per person. Today the Institute for Fiscal | :14:55. | :14:59. | |
studios made it clear how flimsy thes fence of the NHS has become. | :15:00. | :15:03. | |
Between 2010 and 2019 the population will have grown by 3. 5 million. We | :15:04. | :15:09. | |
are in this tough position where NHS spending is protected, but | :15:10. | :15:14. | |
everywhere else will see big cuts, but even the NHS will feel tight. | :15:15. | :15:20. | |
There is 9% less to spend on each individual given what has happened | :15:21. | :15:25. | |
to the structure of the population. Bart's Health said you can find ways | :15:26. | :15:30. | |
to care for more patients by the same budget like avoiding | :15:31. | :15:35. | |
appointments. Missing appointments costs money, instead of women going | :15:36. | :15:39. | |
to three different appointments for three different sites they come here | :15:40. | :15:42. | |
and have all three appointments in the same day. So on the same day we | :15:43. | :15:47. | |
do the bloods, we do the booking history and the scan. In another | :15:48. | :15:51. | |
example of cuts that can help patients, London's stroke wards were | :15:52. | :15:57. | |
cut, that cost howls of protest, but health patients avoid the most | :15:58. | :16:00. | |
expensive part of healthcare. Now you get taken, if you have a stroke, | :16:01. | :16:04. | |
to one of eight hyperacute stroke centres in London. This is one at | :16:05. | :16:08. | |
the Royal London Hospital right now. What has happened is the length of | :16:09. | :16:11. | |
stay across London for stroke has gone down from an average of 19 days | :16:12. | :16:16. | |
to ten days. That is a significant benefit to patients, and significant | :16:17. | :16:19. | |
saving for the healthcare economy. If you could well enough keeping | :16:20. | :16:23. | |
people out of hospital it becomes logical to cut back on hospital | :16:24. | :16:28. | |
beds. The problem is this isn't a national hospital service, it is a | :16:29. | :16:32. | |
National Health Service, we tend to focus on hospitals as if they are | :16:33. | :16:37. | |
the only way that care can be delivered. And one of the problems | :16:38. | :16:43. | |
is that we find it difficult to demonstrate to the public and to | :16:44. | :16:48. | |
some politicians the benefits of delivering care closer to home, more | :16:49. | :16:53. | |
personalised and involving and engaging patients and carers. But as | :16:54. | :16:59. | |
the Health Secretary, Jeremy Hunt recent leap found when he proposed | :17:00. | :17:03. | |
downgrading Accident and Emergency services at Lewisham, what is | :17:04. | :17:09. | |
clinically logical may not be politically palatable. The | :17:10. | :17:12. | |
efficiencies can mean innovation, but it can also mean subtley | :17:13. | :17:16. | |
restricting access to some treatments, otherwise known as | :17:17. | :17:20. | |
rationing. At what point do you need an operation? What is the threshold | :17:21. | :17:25. | |
you have to cross over until you need a cataract. How ill do you have | :17:26. | :17:29. | |
to be before you need a hip operation and so on. These are | :17:30. | :17:33. | |
clinical judgments and they are judgments, it is not a fixed line in | :17:34. | :17:38. | |
the sand. But the NHS has looked at those. How in a sense how behind do | :17:39. | :17:42. | |
you have to be before you have a cataract. However the NHS innovates, | :17:43. | :17:49. | |
it will be hard to convince the public that a cut of 9% per person | :17:50. | :17:55. | |
won't hurt a bit. For couples making their on contribution to the | :17:56. | :17:58. | |
population, every pound spent on healthcare is precious. | :17:59. | :18:02. | |
How good are you at writing computer code. Once upon a time ambitious | :18:03. | :18:07. | |
parents discouraged their children from learning keyboard skills | :18:08. | :18:10. | |
because they might determine their job prospects. Today without | :18:11. | :18:14. | |
keyboard skills your job prospects are definitely affected for the | :18:15. | :18:19. | |
worst. There is now a serious effort to encourage teachers to pass on | :18:20. | :18:23. | |
coding skills, once they have been taught how to do it properly for | :18:24. | :18:26. | |
themselves, of course. Learning to use code is seen by some as the | :18:27. | :18:35. | |
three Rs once were. Don't forget to put a semicolon at the end of any of | :18:36. | :18:39. | |
these lines here, just to tell the browsers you have ended the line. A | :18:40. | :18:44. | |
group of high-powered women in London's Tech City are learning | :18:45. | :18:47. | |
though code. They are presented with a series of baffling computer | :18:48. | :18:57. | |
commands. We are hiding the form in case they are not yet at the | :18:58. | :19:05. | |
location. This Gobbledegook will help them build apps. Lily Cole, the | :19:06. | :19:12. | |
actress and model is in the process of launching her own app and | :19:13. | :19:16. | |
website. I have heard learning code is like learning a foreign language? | :19:17. | :19:22. | |
It is like several foreign languages at a time. It is cool to see how | :19:23. | :19:27. | |
quickly we can pick it up. We have all built a website in one day which | :19:28. | :19:31. | |
is cool. Starting to play with design and seeing immediately how | :19:32. | :19:35. | |
the affects of the text creates visual imagery, it is an amazing | :19:36. | :19:38. | |
thing to see. What do you make of kids learning about it in school? I | :19:39. | :19:42. | |
love the idea of kids learning about it in school. I was looking for | :19:43. | :19:46. | |
coders over the last few years and quite shocked by what a limited | :19:47. | :19:52. | |
supply there was to meet the growing demand. I taught myself to code when | :19:53. | :19:56. | |
I was eight. The Government has announced, through this ad that 2014 | :19:57. | :20:01. | |
is the year of code. It wants to tackle the skills shortage by making | :20:02. | :20:04. | |
coding part of the national curriculum. It will be taught to | :20:05. | :20:08. | |
5-16-year-olds. I want to make sure that kids in our schools are not | :20:09. | :20:13. | |
just consumers of technology and computer programmes, they don't just | :20:14. | :20:17. | |
know how to open up Word and Power point, they also understand how the | :20:18. | :20:21. | |
computer programmes are put together, they understand coding. It | :20:22. | :20:25. | |
comes after years of criticism from within the tech industry that | :20:26. | :20:29. | |
Britain, the country that invented the first electronic computer, is in | :20:30. | :20:35. | |
danger of throwing that computer heritage away. Great Britain has | :20:36. | :20:38. | |
something like 10% of our industry is based around IT and computer | :20:39. | :20:41. | |
science and computer software. We have a great heritage and place to | :20:42. | :20:48. | |
build on. What hasn't been happening is teaching kids about computer | :20:49. | :20:53. | |
programming at a young age. So we have lost that background of people | :20:54. | :20:59. | |
coming up through the schooling system with that experience. Does | :21:00. | :21:07. | |
anybody know what coding is? You use words and numbers to give the | :21:08. | :21:13. | |
computer instructions? These 10-11-year-olds have just started | :21:14. | :21:16. | |
learning about coding. It is a pilot for the lessons the Government is | :21:17. | :21:21. | |
producing in England and Wales from September. Why can't you just play | :21:22. | :21:25. | |
and work on a computer, why do you need to know all that stuff? Because | :21:26. | :21:30. | |
when you are older you might need coding for your work, say if you | :21:31. | :21:34. | |
were a banker you need coding to do the banks. Do you think you might | :21:35. | :21:42. | |
need it? Yeah. To do what? To work and to make your own website if you | :21:43. | :21:47. | |
wanted to. Half a million pounds has been pledged by the Government to | :21:48. | :21:52. | |
train up more than 170,000 primary and secondary teachers in coding | :21:53. | :21:59. | |
over the next six months. There is a lot of different apps and softwares | :22:00. | :22:03. | |
available now that weren't available before. And even adults, we're new | :22:04. | :22:10. | |
to it as well. We will need to learn things we haven't covered in initial | :22:11. | :22:15. | |
teacher training. Are you a tiny bit daunted? A little bit. Here in Tech | :22:16. | :22:20. | |
City they are trying out for people who know how to code. One local tech | :22:21. | :22:28. | |
entrepeneur have to go abroad to find people to do it. It is war of | :22:29. | :22:33. | |
who can get the people first. As far as the industry is concerned the | :22:34. | :22:36. | |
coding lessons can't start soon enough. There is a bit of concern | :22:37. | :22:39. | |
about how the subject is taught. In terms of your fears what do you | :22:40. | :22:42. | |
think it could be like if they are not careful? I didn't like learning | :22:43. | :22:46. | |
French and the reason I didn't like it is because I thought it is | :22:47. | :22:50. | |
completely irrelevant, I thought I'm learning to pass an example, why | :22:51. | :22:53. | |
should I care. Where as if it was sold to me that you can go to France | :22:54. | :22:57. | |
and experience a whole new culture, I would have gone I will go, try it | :22:58. | :23:03. | |
and experience it. Coding could be taught in a way where you sit down | :23:04. | :23:09. | |
and it is like let's learn the grammar of html, it is so abstract | :23:10. | :23:15. | |
and boring. If you ground it in a serious problem in my life or issue | :23:16. | :23:18. | |
or something really cool I want to do. It is about making it relevant | :23:19. | :23:23. | |
ultimately. Coursed say where the English language was once an | :23:24. | :23:27. | |
essential business commodity, now in a digital era, code is the new king | :23:28. | :23:32. | |
of global communication. The Government helped to launch the | :23:33. | :23:37. | |
Year of Code campaign, and Lottie Dexter is the director, how easy is | :23:38. | :23:42. | |
it to learn how to code? I can't code. I have committed this year to | :23:43. | :23:49. | |
learning to code. A year? You can do a lot in a short space of time. You | :23:50. | :23:54. | |
can build a website in an hour. From scratch, not knowing how to do it? | :23:55. | :23:59. | |
Completely from scratch. Over this year I will see what I can achieve. | :24:00. | :24:03. | |
Who knows I might be the next Zuckerberg in 12 months time. It is | :24:04. | :24:08. | |
possible, one can always dream. How long does it take to learn to teach | :24:09. | :24:15. | |
to code? Well I think you can pick it up in day. The teacher can pick | :24:16. | :24:21. | |
it up in a day? I think if we start teachers thinking about it now, in | :24:22. | :24:27. | |
March we're taking coding into the classrooms for the first time and | :24:28. | :24:31. | |
encouraging all teachers to teach an hour to their pupils. If we start | :24:32. | :24:35. | |
thinking about it now in time for September when it goes on to the | :24:36. | :24:39. | |
schools curriculum teachers should feel excited and people should be | :24:40. | :24:44. | |
about learning code. Isn't it all based on falsehood, the idea that it | :24:45. | :24:48. | |
is essential to know how to code. It is not essential to know how to code | :24:49. | :24:54. | |
or how a lightbulb works, is it? In the modern day economy code is | :24:55. | :24:58. | |
really a vital skill. Technology has completely changed our economy, our | :24:59. | :25:03. | |
Labour market, our society. To know how to do it? Unless we understand | :25:04. | :25:07. | |
technology we don't really understand how the world works. When | :25:08. | :25:11. | |
I was at school I was taught you know so much about the human body, | :25:12. | :25:18. | |
in physics I was told to wire up a lightbulb, it is important to know | :25:19. | :25:21. | |
how it works. Knowing how to code is crucial for so many people for | :25:22. | :25:26. | |
getting jobs in the new economy. We need a work force for the new | :25:27. | :25:29. | |
economy. But also to increase your earnings potential and to start your | :25:30. | :25:33. | |
own business. In this new economy wouldn't it be more useful to | :25:34. | :25:37. | |
learning something like mandarin? I think the code is an international | :25:38. | :25:42. | |
language. I think that if you can learn to code you can interact | :25:43. | :25:47. | |
across boundaries and you can, I think the important thing is that | :25:48. | :25:52. | |
you can get yourself started, it is a great leveller. Having code in | :25:53. | :25:56. | |
schools and giving every pupil the ability to code, they can, you know, | :25:57. | :26:00. | |
start their own business, it is not something that is just marginalised | :26:01. | :26:07. | |
for middle-class parents. It can be whatever you want it to be, the | :26:08. | :26:10. | |
schools on the Internet are so cheap and easily available now. You can | :26:11. | :26:14. | |
set up your on-line profile and start a website. I started a | :26:15. | :26:18. | |
campaign last year. If I would have learned code at school I could have | :26:19. | :26:22. | |
done my own website. I could have done my own app and graphics, I | :26:23. | :26:25. | |
would have saved a hell of a lot of time and money. I think I could have | :26:26. | :26:35. | |
done it a lot better. For the sake of old duffers like Mark You are -- | :26:36. | :26:46. | |
Urban, what is code? It is the language of instructing computers. | :26:47. | :26:49. | |
It is how you make computers do things. So it is different symbols? | :26:50. | :26:54. | |
But it doesn't mean anything? It doesn't mean anything to you or | :26:55. | :26:58. | |
indeed to me yet, because I don't know how to code. It is a set of | :26:59. | :27:04. | |
instructions you type into a computer to get an output. When this | :27:05. | :27:08. | |
goes on to the schools curriculum, every pupil from the age of five | :27:09. | :27:12. | |
will learn how to code. They will pop into a box a set of instructions | :27:13. | :27:18. | |
and they will see what you put in you get it out. It is how you make | :27:19. | :27:30. | |
computers do something. What is an e-card. It is a virtual card. There | :27:31. | :27:34. | |
is a national initiative to teach people how to make cards? And | :27:35. | :27:39. | |
websites and apps, they are fun ways of learning a very important skill | :27:40. | :27:42. | |
that you really need. It is the future. You really need it for the | :27:43. | :27:49. | |
21st job market. Three Rs and a C. Thank you very much. An Australian | :27:50. | :27:55. | |
reporter, a Canadian-Egyptian producer and Egyptian cameraman are | :27:56. | :28:01. | |
spending their 39th night in custody in Cairo. All three work for | :28:02. | :28:06. | |
Al-Jazeera, they are accused of links to terrorism and broadcasting | :28:07. | :28:12. | |
false news. Where would we be if that was an offence in this country. | :28:13. | :28:19. | |
Footage of their arrest was put on a Cairo TV channel set to music. Our | :28:20. | :28:27. | |
diplomatic editor is here. This all seems to have ratcheted up recently? | :28:28. | :28:33. | |
Absolutely, in the past couple of days. These journalists were | :28:34. | :28:38. | |
arrested at the end of December. It is a cause for concern they are | :28:39. | :28:43. | |
still there. Things start to change, the Tahir TV station airs this | :28:44. | :28:49. | |
footage designed to make them look like people involved in some kind of | :28:50. | :28:54. | |
conspiracy. On the right is a former BBC man, I worked beside him in | :28:55. | :29:00. | |
Baghdad morning places. The other man has a Canadian passport. They | :29:01. | :29:04. | |
are making these serious-sounding charges. They have also announced | :29:05. | :29:12. | |
they want to talk to another 20 people son similar-sounding charges, | :29:13. | :29:17. | |
like aiding the Muslim Brotherhood. Al-Jazeera says only nine worked for | :29:18. | :29:21. | |
them. Another fled Egypt having been in hiding. The situation escalated | :29:22. | :29:25. | |
last night and the White House expressed its grave concern. Sorry I | :29:26. | :29:33. | |
thought we were about to hear the White House expressing grave concern | :29:34. | :29:38. | |
there. Tell me, journalists generally, it seems to me, are now | :29:39. | :29:42. | |
finding it extremely difficult to work there, aren't they? It has | :29:43. | :29:50. | |
before difficult. There are different levels of aggro, people | :29:51. | :29:54. | |
right from the fall of Mubarak are angry, they blame us and other news | :29:55. | :29:59. | |
organisations. There is aggro on the streets. Sometimes sexual aggro | :30:00. | :30:08. | |
towards female reporters. Then at intermediate -- interimmediate level | :30:09. | :30:13. | |
you have bureaucracy thrown at reporters about them being | :30:14. | :30:17. | |
registered. At this top of the tree this type of thing, arrest and | :30:18. | :30:22. | |
serious charges. What is paying out here goes beyond an irritation that | :30:23. | :30:28. | |
the people have with foreign media and what part they played. There is | :30:29. | :30:33. | |
a battle of influence between Saudi Arabia and Qatar, Al-Jazeera is | :30:34. | :30:39. | |
based in Qatar, the Egyptian Government claim it acts as an arm | :30:40. | :30:43. | |
of the Government there. They were supporting Mohammed Morsi, the | :30:44. | :30:48. | |
ousted President, the Egyptian military regards clamping down on | :30:49. | :30:59. | |
them and favouring the rivals. One Egyptian journalist said to me | :31:00. | :31:03. | |
frankly this will go on until the Emir of Qatar changes his mind. | :31:04. | :31:11. | |
We're joined now from Doha by our guest, director of news at | :31:12. | :31:15. | |
Al-Jazeera English Channel. What have you heard about your three or | :31:16. | :31:24. | |
four hostages in Egypt? There are three from the English Channel and | :31:25. | :31:28. | |
one from the Arabic channel in detention. The one from the Arabic | :31:29. | :31:32. | |
channel is in detention for six months now, and he is on a hunger | :31:33. | :31:40. | |
strike. The three Al-Jazeera men are in one cell in a high-security | :31:41. | :31:45. | |
prison in Cairo. They were served charges. Conveniently the charges | :31:46. | :31:49. | |
were split between the Egyptian journalists and non-Egyptian | :31:50. | :31:52. | |
journalists. The Egyptians were accused of being members of | :31:53. | :31:58. | |
terrorist organisations and non-Egyptians of aiding them. It is | :31:59. | :32:02. | |
actually fabrication and nonsense and intimidation and irritation of | :32:03. | :32:06. | |
journalists in order to get one side of the story coming from Egypt only. | :32:07. | :32:16. | |
Is it true that some of your people there are or were there without | :32:17. | :32:21. | |
being properly accredited. Let's set a few things clear from the | :32:22. | :32:25. | |
beginning. The accreditation is part of the charges. As I read in the | :32:26. | :32:33. | |
charges here they are always mentioned that they are | :32:34. | :32:39. | |
nonaccredited with the intention of harming security. It is a simple | :32:40. | :32:46. | |
charge and doesn't refer journalists to criminal courts. Were they | :32:47. | :32:52. | |
properly accredited there or not? Al-Jazeera media network is | :32:53. | :32:56. | |
officially accredited to work in Egypt. It has been working for all | :32:57. | :33:03. | |
the time. Were those officials accredited there? Some of the | :33:04. | :33:07. | |
journalists are accredited, and some applied for accreditation. It | :33:08. | :33:11. | |
happens with all media organisations, this is not the | :33:12. | :33:15. | |
charge, they are being charged with. It is a nonaccredited | :33:16. | :33:24. | |
journallingists with the intent of harming national security. If they | :33:25. | :33:30. | |
were only not accredited that is a very simple administrative offence. | :33:31. | :33:37. | |
So you say, it is the case, is it not that Qatar has been playing a | :33:38. | :33:45. | |
role in recent events in Egypt. That it is at odds with the military | :33:46. | :33:49. | |
Government there and Al-Jazeera is largely run by the Government of | :33:50. | :33:53. | |
Qatar, is that not correct? I'm not a spokesman for the Government of | :33:54. | :33:58. | |
Qatar, and Al-Jazeera is not run by the Government of Qatar. Actually | :33:59. | :34:03. | |
the BBC is like Al-Jazeera, BBC World Service is funded by the | :34:04. | :34:06. | |
Foreign Ministry. It is not owned by a member of the Royal Family? No, | :34:07. | :34:14. | |
but the British Government has the support of governors. It is not | :34:15. | :34:19. | |
owned by them either? By the Foreign Ministry, BBC World Service. I was | :34:20. | :34:24. | |
an editor on there and I know that. It has a board of governors and | :34:25. | :34:28. | |
editorial guidelines and it answers for this. The same thing here we are | :34:29. | :34:34. | |
an independent organisation, funded by the Qatar Government and we have | :34:35. | :34:39. | |
our own board of governors and code of ethics and conduct that we answer | :34:40. | :34:44. | |
for. All our products and our reports are on-line and they are, we | :34:45. | :34:50. | |
are of high quality and objectivity. You can see how the Egyptian | :34:51. | :34:56. | |
Government, which is at odds with the Qatary Government might feel | :34:57. | :35:01. | |
that an organisation funded by the Qatar Government was about some | :35:02. | :35:04. | |
other business than nearly as you put it, objectily reporting the | :35:05. | :35:13. | |
news. I know the accusations and the same accusations were put to the BBC | :35:14. | :35:19. | |
by Zimbabwe when you weren't able to report from there and other places. | :35:20. | :35:22. | |
Governments were at odds together but we are free journalists. We are | :35:23. | :35:28. | |
independent and we cherish our quality of work and integrity. And | :35:29. | :35:34. | |
our mission to get to the viewer the story from all sides regardless of | :35:35. | :35:38. | |
the price for them. Thank you very much for joining us thank you. It is | :35:39. | :35:45. | |
surely no surprise when an England sporting team and fails | :35:46. | :35:50. | |
spectacularly, heads sooner or later will role. It is usually preceded by | :35:51. | :35:57. | |
the sports pages clicking their knitting needles together. Today it | :35:58. | :36:01. | |
is the other way round, for reasons they didn't bother to explain the | :36:02. | :36:05. | |
England Cricket Board dumped Kevin Pietersen, because the national | :36:06. | :36:12. | |
cricket team put up such a pathetic performance this winter. Now the | :36:13. | :36:19. | |
journalists are up in arms at the dismissal of the captain Michael | :36:20. | :36:24. | |
Vaughan? What do you think of the way Kevin Pietersen's case has been | :36:25. | :36:29. | |
handled. It needs clarity, reasoning from the ECB for the fans to | :36:30. | :36:35. | |
understand what has Kevin Pietersen been doing behind the scenes to | :36:36. | :36:38. | |
bring the sacking of the player that has scored more runs than anybody | :36:39. | :36:44. | |
else. I have captained him and at times he's difficult and a Payne in | :36:45. | :36:47. | |
the back side, but a maverick that can win you games of cricket. You | :36:48. | :36:53. | |
know him and you have captained him, if anybody who can divine why he was | :36:54. | :36:58. | |
going it has to be you? There is times when Kevin Pietersen and that | :36:59. | :37:01. | |
character is difficult around the team. He has played 100 test matches | :37:02. | :37:07. | |
and has an opinion. You as a leader you have to take on opinion. At | :37:08. | :37:11. | |
times when you are leading and the team aren't doing well, the opinion | :37:12. | :37:16. | |
from senior players and outside world will not always be the opinion | :37:17. | :37:19. | |
you want to hear. But you have to deal with it. Management of players | :37:20. | :37:26. | |
is like management. If you can't manage a maverick like Pietersen you | :37:27. | :37:34. | |
need to think bin again. England have a lots of matches coming up, I | :37:35. | :37:38. | |
just think it is sad for the game that we don't have a group of people | :37:39. | :37:44. | |
that can manage one player through that period of play in three big | :37:45. | :37:48. | |
series, big tournaments for England. They feel the only way to move | :37:49. | :37:54. | |
forward is getting rid of Pietersen without explaining what he has done | :37:55. | :38:00. | |
wrong. Did he have any friend in the dressing room? There is always | :38:01. | :38:05. | |
devisive moments and cliques of people getting on with a certain | :38:06. | :38:10. | |
penalty more than another. What I hear from the tour is Pietersen is | :38:11. | :38:15. | |
fight. It was only last week that Swanson who retired came out and | :38:16. | :38:19. | |
said Pietersen, his attitude was spot on, since he has been | :38:20. | :38:25. | |
reintegrated into the side. He felt Kevin had plenty more runs to score | :38:26. | :38:29. | |
for England. That is somebody in the dressing room. I don't think it is a | :38:30. | :38:33. | |
be proem. He has stood up to the coach, Andy Flower, on the tour of | :38:34. | :38:38. | |
Australia, he didn't like it, but they have listen to Flores and Cook, | :38:39. | :38:44. | |
I don't think Ashley Giles could have said too much. Pietersen wasn't | :38:45. | :38:49. | |
in Australia on the one day series, but English cricket feel the only | :38:50. | :38:54. | |
way to move forward without Pietersen. I would have taken a | :38:55. | :38:57. | |
tougher call and said somebody needs to manage him better. How difficult | :38:58. | :39:01. | |
is it to manage a brilliant and you have used the word wise now about | :39:02. | :39:06. | |
Pietersen, a "brilliant maverick". Well it is training -- draining and | :39:07. | :39:15. | |
hard. It is very rewarding, if you look at English cricket over the | :39:16. | :39:18. | |
last ten years, Flintoff had the same quality. You manage him and | :39:19. | :39:23. | |
2005 he delivered, as did Pietersen in the last over. Go through the | :39:24. | :39:28. | |
last six or seven years, he was man of the tournament in Barbados, the | :39:29. | :39:35. | |
T20, he averaged 106 against independent. We got a double century | :39:36. | :39:42. | |
in the Test Match. England would have drawn going down 1-0 at Perth. | :39:43. | :39:47. | |
You look at a year-and-a-half ago when he produced problem the best | :39:48. | :39:51. | |
England hundred I have seen for many years. England win that series with | :39:52. | :39:56. | |
Kevin Pietersen. 100 hold Trafford last year, it would have been 2-1, | :39:57. | :40:01. | |
with two to play for Australia. You have to accept with people like | :40:02. | :40:05. | |
Pietersen and Flintoff they train you a bit but they reward you with | :40:06. | :40:10. | |
the performance levels, not just the mediocrity. The best teams and best | :40:11. | :40:14. | |
attacks in the world. That is what Petersen has done, he can be -- | :40:15. | :40:19. | |
Pietersen has done, he can be a Payne and difficult, but also the | :40:20. | :40:22. | |
person who makes you win games of cricket. You have to be careful you | :40:23. | :40:28. | |
shouldn't bin someone like that and don't reward him in a way and say | :40:29. | :40:31. | |
thanks for your time with us, thanks for winning us all those gapes. And | :40:32. | :40:38. | |
don't know him out like they have, and they could have moved the team | :40:39. | :40:45. | |
on. Aclots -- across the south of England men and women have been | :40:46. | :40:49. | |
drying off their shoes ready for a walk to work tomorrow. Trains and | :40:50. | :40:53. | |
depots and commuters were left in fury, which is probably more | :40:54. | :40:59. | |
accurately designed as sullen, resentment. Much dark talk in | :41:00. | :41:07. | |
political circles of plans for the MPs to change the law and half | :41:08. | :41:12. | |
people having to vote yes to industrial action. Once upon a time | :41:13. | :41:17. | |
the BBC had an industrial correspondent. Strike reporters. | :41:18. | :41:22. | |
Time to resurrect the last of them. It was tough getting to work, the | :41:23. | :41:28. | |
two unions that represent the tube station staff are not the drivers | :41:29. | :41:36. | |
who are out on strike. They are in a dispute over the loss of 750 jobs | :41:37. | :41:40. | |
from closing the direct offices. Lots of people are faced disruption | :41:41. | :41:46. | |
today, more London Underground lines and stations have been closed in | :41:47. | :41:51. | |
this strike than any tube business pute for the last ten years. It is | :41:52. | :41:57. | |
said to be costing London ?50 million a year. And with another | :41:58. | :42:03. | |
two-day stoppage plan for next week, the Conservatives are determined to | :42:04. | :42:09. | |
stop them happening again. Boris Johnson says: | :42:10. | :42:15. | |
The Prime Minister want to go further, imposing a minimum service | :42:16. | :42:22. | |
level agreed so they provide a little service. The Conservatives on | :42:23. | :42:28. | |
a Greater London Authority wants an all-out ban on strikes. They should | :42:29. | :42:33. | |
be replaced by binding arbitration. We want to replace strikes, so | :42:34. | :42:37. | |
damaging to the economy and London. The idea if the Government were to | :42:38. | :42:41. | |
accept that it is binding arbitration in the case of an | :42:42. | :42:46. | |
argument going on between Transport for London and the union. A judge | :42:47. | :42:50. | |
would look at it and decide which was the case that he was going to | :42:51. | :42:56. | |
support. Today's strike would have been unlawful. There would have to | :42:57. | :43:02. | |
be a judge deciding in favour of TFL or the unions in the job cut. That's | :43:03. | :43:06. | |
right, there would not be a strike. In the 1970s and 80, I was always | :43:07. | :43:12. | |
coming to the then headquarters of the Conservative Party, to hear of | :43:13. | :43:15. | |
their latest plans for curbing the trade unions. And it became an | :43:16. | :43:19. | |
all-out war against the British trade union movement. The 1984 | :43:20. | :43:27. | |
miners' strike was a turning point in Britain's troubled industrial | :43:28. | :43:33. | |
relations. In a war of attrition Margaret Thatcher said she was | :43:34. | :43:35. | |
taking on the enemy within. And her defeat of the shocked troops of the | :43:36. | :43:39. | |
union movement ended the all out strikes in the past. Successive | :43:40. | :43:43. | |
Conservative Government have curbed union power imposing secret ballots | :43:44. | :43:48. | |
before strike. Ending pass picketing but trying to stop essential | :43:49. | :43:53. | |
services and striking is unfinished business. With the coalition | :43:54. | :43:56. | |
Government, Liberal Democrats are a break on the Conservatives. Vincent | :43:57. | :44:04. | |
Cable won't be rushed into changing the law. If we legislate on | :44:05. | :44:09. | |
industrial relations we have to look carefully at the evidence, not | :44:10. | :44:14. | |
rushing into strike laws on the back of a bad dispute in London it is a | :44:15. | :44:19. | |
bad way to proceed. The tube train drivers have previously staged their | :44:20. | :44:23. | |
own strikes and like the station staff they would fight back against | :44:24. | :44:29. | |
any new laws. Its It is time for trade unions to stand up for | :44:30. | :44:37. | |
themselves with the general public. -- I think you will see massive | :44:38. | :44:42. | |
backlash against this from civil society. The reality is trade union | :44:43. | :44:46. | |
numbers are growing. We believe that is a direct reaction to the policies | :44:47. | :44:51. | |
that are currently in place. People now see a greater need for trade | :44:52. | :44:55. | |
unions and they will become more powerful as we go forward, I think. | :44:56. | :45:01. | |
While the unions claim they have the backing of two thirds of passengers, | :45:02. | :45:04. | |
the Conservatives are convinced the strikes are unpopular and present a | :45:05. | :45:09. | |
fresh opportunity to introduce legislation they have been working | :45:10. | :45:12. | |
on for years, to curb stoppages in the essential services, a policy | :45:13. | :45:15. | |
that is more likely to be in the Conservatives' next election | :45:16. | :45:17. | |
manifesto. Now the front pages: That's it at the close of another | :45:18. | :46:20. | |
day of rain and general glum wintriness. The railway line was | :46:21. | :46:28. | |
washed away in Dawlish in Devon. And in Torquay the seafront took a | :46:29. | :46:32. | |
pasting. Nice to think not all Februarys are quite like this. | :46:33. | :46:42. | |
The glorious Devon coast bathed in winter sunshine, equalising any | :46:43. | :46:49. | |
Mediterranean beauty spot. Don't you think. How is this for climate. Why | :46:50. | :46:54. | |
even from the screen you can imagine yourself in the sub-topics. | :46:55. | :47:04. | |
Sub-topics. Bathing too all the year round. The gulfstream is as warm as | :47:05. | :47:10. | |
the Mediterranean, not August, remember. This is February. | :47:11. | :47:12. |