25/07/2011 World News Today

This is BBC World News Today with Zeinab Badawi. The man accused of

the shooting massacre and bomb attack in Norway tells the court

that he was not acting alone. As Norwegians gather at a rally

against violence, the Prime Minister tells the BBC how Norway

has been changed by the tragedy. People are in deep grief of. They

are still shocked. But we are also seeing a Norway that is very

unified and people are really standing together.

As drought in East Africa leaves millions starving, we ask the head

of the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation y mass hunger like

this still happens. Playing politics with the global

economy. Can American leaders find a way to make sure the country

carries on paying its bills? If we go inside Chile's giant

telescopes, leading the way in Well come. Today the man accused of

carrying out the two deadly attacks in Norway on Friday was denied the

publicity he was seeking for his opinions. At a private remand

hearing in Oslo, Anders Behring Breivik said he had not acted alone

and there are two more cells in his organisation. He admitted

responsibility but pleaded not guilty to the charges of terrorism.

Our European editor sent this report.

This was the moment when a man accused of Norway's mass killings

headed to court. Anders Behring Breivik, wearing a dark red top,

sitting next to police officers. Outside the court house, crowds had

gathered, most of them fiercely opposed to him being allowed to use

his court appearance as a platform for his opinions. As he himself had

wanted. Do not give him attention, have the doors closed. It should

not be an open hearing. This is what he wants and I don't see why

we should allow him to have his way. Lines formed to go inside the court

room but the police opposed an open hearing, fearful Anders Behring

Breivik might use it to send signals to others, and the judge

agreed it should be a closed session. In court, he was told he

would be held in voluntary confinement for four weeks. --

solitary confinement. And his next court appearance would be in eight

weeks' time. Later, the judge revealed what he had told the court.

He said the goal of his attack was to send a strong signal to the

people. He also said he wanted to save Western Europe from a Muslim

take-over. And he wanted to prevent future recruitment to the Labour

Party, which he said had but -- betrayed the country. This is what

his lawyer told me of his mood. How was your client in court today?

Calm. As he was driven away from the court, Anders Behring Breivik

left the police with a major new line of investigation. He claimed

his organisation had two more cells, but provided no further details.

Close to the time of the court appearance, they held one minute's

silence for those that had died, in a bomb blast in the capital and on

the island of Utoeya. On the lake, they are still searching for the

missing, although they have revised down the number of those killed to

76. Among those that died, it was this man, a relative of Norway's

crown Princess. And the faces of others unaccounted for peer out

from the newspapers, all of them young people, attending summer camp.

People on the streets today speak of innocence lost, shadow falling

across the country. People in Norway are in deep grief. They are

still shocked. But we also see a in a way which is very unified and

where people really are standing together. -- a Norway. Even as

people remembered those that had lost their lives, the police

reported that the man that had admitted the killings was calm, not

affected by events, a clear -- clinging to his distorted belief

that he needed to shake up this country.

We can go live now to Oslo to our correspondent. Richard, thousands

of people attended that Feigel for those that died and were injured.

What is going on in Oslo? They cannot be going about business as

normal. They are not. That commemoration is still going on,

actually. It was very impressive, I have to say. I was right in the

middle of it. There were tens of thousands of people. Really, as far

as the eye could see. All of the streets around me were jam-packed.

You could hardly move. Then they started moving off towards the

cathedral area, walking very slowly, because it was so packed and trying

to move was difficult. Eventually they got there and it took about

half an hour to move literally about a kilometre. Maybe 600 metres.

And then they laid their flowers in what is now an absolutely huge

mound of flowers and candles, which is expanding all of the time. It

was a tremendous sense of solidarity, and unity. It makes you

realise how small this community is, only about 5 million people across

the whole country. Everybody feels deeply affected by what has

happened. They want to express their solidarity and I think they

have done that very powerfully here tonight. In fact, the coincidence

is, as you are talking to me, we have seen several people going

behind you carrying flowers. Perhaps they are en route and want

to lay them themselves. You have been talking to people in Oslo.

What has been the overwhelming sentiment, do you think?

overwhelming sentiment is horror, shock, anger, but also defiance. We

are going to come together, and they have proved that tonight. They

have sent a very strong message out that they are together and they

will not allow their society to be damaged by this. And talking about

Anders Behring Breivik's court appearance, and dismissing his

claims that there are other cells out there. They say he is lying.

They refuse to believe that. Really, he is an insane man with an insane

ideology. Thank you very much. As we saw in our report earlier,

the Norwegian Prime Minister, Jens Stoltenberg, has been talking about

the impact of the attacks on his country in an exclusive interview

with the BBC in Oslo. Jon Sopel asked him whether he had raised any

issues about the police operation to catch the gunmen, especially on

Utoeya island where the suspect went on a shooting spree for up to

90 minutes before he was apprehended. So far, we have not

see anything that did not work as expected or planned. But now is the

time for taking care of those that a window. There are several people

in hospital wounded. To take care and give consultants is to people

whose family members have died. And then we will go through everything

that has happened and go through the experiences. Every time a

nation experiences something like this, there will be something that

could have been done better. There will always be something where we

can point at something that could have been better prepared. I think

later on there will be a process that we have to go through and

learn from these experiences. what about intelligence failures?

It seems that this man may have been preparing this for nine years.

And yet he does not appear to have been on the Security Services'

radar screens at all. The police investigation is ongoing. We will

know much more when we have finished that investigation. Then

we have more facts, then we know more. So far the police believe

that this was one man doing it alone. When the police

investigations are finished we also have a better basis for knowing if

we could have done anything better, for instance with intelligence, to

be able to tell of this before it happened. Did anybody know anything

about it? At least as far as I know, well, the police, they don't have

any records. They don't have any information about him being a

threat or a dangerous person. One possible explanation for that is of

course if he acted alone it was more difficult to discover and to

see and to know it beforehand. Jens Stoltenberg, talking to my

colleague Jon Sopel earlier on today.

The ban on some aid agencies by the Al Shabaab militants in parts of

Somalia has left many vulnerable in the country. The UN says that

massive and urgent action as well as millions of dollars are needed

to save millions of people. In a moment we will be hearing from the

Food and Agriculture Organisation. More than 1 million people are

affected in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia by the worst drought in 60

years. In Somalia, one-third of the population is on the brink of

starvation. Our correspondent reports from Dolow, close to the E

-- Ethiopian border. Clouds over Somalia but no rain. We are heading

to the region close to the famine zone. Gunmen on the ground, but

these men work force Somalian governments, backed by the West.

They control a small pocket of territory here. It has become a

magnet for families desperate for food and safety. First, we see some

makeshift camps in the wilderness. Then the latest arrivals. This

family got here a few hours ago, escaping from their town controlled

by the Islamist militant group Al Shabaab. They are exhausted but

they count themselves lucky. They are killing people at home, says

Mamat. Al Shabaab are preventing aid from reaching our area, that is

why we had to flee. Those left behind will dive. The battle now is

to stop more people fleeing their homes by getting paid directly into

the heart of Somalia's famine zone. That is not impossible but because

of Al Shabaab it is slow, complicated and very dangerous. It

is also imperative. With the famine set to spread and the refugee camps

overloaded, Western aid officials are exploring every option. This

idea that Al Shabaab areas are no- go zones, that is not true?

Categorically not true. We already have evidence of organisations that

have never left Somalia. They are able to expand their operations. I

am confident that as long as we rely on experienced organisations

and on the local chiefs, where local chiefs are determined to help

their communities, we can help many people inside Somalia. So a race

has begun to reach those unable to escape the famine. And time is on

nobody's side. Trying to deal with the crisis, the

UN Food and Agriculture Organisation has been holding

emergency talks in Rome. We can get the latest on the outgoing director

general, Jacques Diouf. When we look at Somalia, worst affected,

are people suffering more as a result of political instability and

violence rather than the drought itself? Well, it is a combination

of the two. This region has always been very vulnerable. By the year

2000, I had been asked by the Secretary-General, Kofi Annan, to

preside over a task force to prepare a study on how to eliminate

definitively hunger from this part of the world. And we identified two

problems. The conflicts, but also the fact that only 1% of the arable

land is irrigated. Therefore, if there is any drought, and naturally

it immediately impacts on the lively -- lively heard of people

that foreign food production. you look at this 11 years ago with

Kofi Annan, you work out what needed to be done, why have you not

make sure that it happened? Well, because the follow up at the

meeting in March, 2001, under the leadership of the World Bank, did

not allow us to mobilise the resources that would have needed to

be invested to move from a 1% at least 27%, which is the average for

Africa. -- at least 7%. Not to talk of the 38% average in Asia. Water

is the source of life, for human beings animals and crops, and we

have not address that. Jacques Diouf, you have been head of his

organisation for 20 years. You started this job in the 80s when

there was famine in Africa. You are leaving now and there is yet again

a famine in East Africa. How does that make you feel when you look

back at your record? You must be a disappointed man? Well, is

appointed for what is happening in the Horn of Africa. And not in all

the Horn of Africa. We have seen tremendous progress in agricultural

products in Ethiopia and they are now investing heavily in irrigation,

which should change their environment. We have seen progress

in Tanzania, Malawi, in Ghana. And I could go on. Although 14

countries in Africa out of the 54 have made progress to actually get

food security, out we are not seeing all of the Continent achieve

that. Naturally our work is not any in Africa, but Latin America and

Asia and we have seen what happened in Brazil. We have seen what

happened in China. And also Bangladesh. So there has been some

progress, not to the level that we would have liked to see. I really

meant the 90s when you started at that organisation. Thank you for

The Vatican has taken the rare stab of recalling its ambassador to

Ireland amid unprecedented attention with the Irish government

over the issue of child abuse by Roman Catholic priests. Enda Kenny

fiercely criticised the Roman Catholic Church last week.

The hotel made to accuse the former head of the IMF Dominique Strauss-

Kahn of trying to sexually assault her has spoken publicly for the

first time. In an interview, the 32-year-old from West Africa are

said that she told the truth about the alleged assault. Dominique

Strauss-Kahn has denied the charges, including attempted rape.

The Israeli Chamber Orchestra says it will break a long-standing taboo

and play a piece of music by Hitler's favourite composer,

Richard Wagner. The composer's works are widely Sharratt -- widely

shunned in Israel because of his anti-Semitic beliefs.

In Washington, President Obama and congressional leaders are trying to

thrash out a grand bargain as we speak on how to tackle the US debt.

They have just over one week to do so or risk seeing the world's

largest economy, with GDP or 15 trillion dollars, failing to pay

its bills. The IMF has weighed into the debate, warning the US that it

must resolve its debt crisis quickly or risk a severe shock to

the American economy and therefore also global finance. There is no

choice, there is no alternative. have a 14.5 trillion dollar

national debt and it is time to get serious about stopping the spending.

We have never defaulted on our dead and we are not going to do it now.

A war of words is taking place in Washington. The US government is

spending more money than it receives in taxes and revenue and

it has national debt stretching to it has national debt stretching to

14 digits. In 2002, the debt when it was a manageable 6.5 trillion

dollars. As the global financial crisis reached a peak in October

2008, it stood at 11.3 trillion 2008, it stood at 11.3 trillion

dollars. Congress has the power to raise the debt ceiling. It has done

raise the debt ceiling. It has done so 78 times in the last 50 years.

Current debt has now hit the ceiling agreed on last year. But

this is not just about numbers. It is as much to do with politics.

Democrats favour tackling the debt through tax rises, principally.

Republicans, on the other hand, favour government spending cuts in

big areas like the social insurance programme, Medicare. If there is no

agreement, then the US is in uncharted waters. The White House

has so far refused to say what it would do, but with a US default on

debt, a real possibility, governments and financial markets

around the world are watching the countdown to the August 2nd

deadline with increased nervousness. Let us talk more about this with

Edward Harrison from the Finance and economic website, Credit

Writedowns, of which monitors the US global economy. There are two

issues here, raising the debt ceiling, and cutting the massive

debt. Is that right? But all of them seem to be becoming embroiled

in politics. -- but both of them. They are two separate dishes. The

one issue is the budget issue, and every year there is a budget

appropriations process that Congress and the President go

through. That is separate from the debt ceiling, which is a different

thing, a self-imposed constraint on the United States that many other

countries do not have been ordered to keep the United States from

deficit spending. Somehow, these two have become connected and

created what we see now, a political stalemate. The US has got

plenty of money to meet the interest payments on its debts? Is

the message to people all over the world that investors should not get

worried? That would not necessarily be my message. My message would be

that it is good that we have parties like the IMF saying that it

would be a negative thing for the United States not to deal with this

stalemate. I think that there are other parties that have said

similar things. Business leaders in the United States, we need to have

this solved. That will bring confidence back to the markets. We

can put these issues aside, back to the budget positions -- budget

appropriations process. Are the public aware of what is at stake,

the global reputation of the United States q macro -- Republicans will

say it is consent government spending versus increase taxes, or

will they strike a bargain before the deadline? We hope they do. I do

not think they know what is at stake. The two sides have got

caught up in the political posturing, especially on the

Republican side. They do not trust the President. They do not trust

his deadlines and the believe that these are false deadlines and that

there is more manoeuvrability. There are many within the

Republican Party that believe that there are other things that could

happen that are not so bad if the debt ceiling is breached. As a

result, you have this intractable problem. It is difficult to say

whether it is going to be resolved. The family of the British singer

Amy Winehouse have thanked fans for the support they have received

since her death. The 27-year-old, who had a history of drug and

alcohol abuse was found dead at her home in London or on Saturday.

Today a post-mortem failed to establish how she died. More tests

are being carried out. Flowers, tributes, quiet reflection.

This woman, like many others, had met Amy Winehouse many times.

on a wasted life. -- a wasted life. So sad. A multi-million selling

artist, winner of five Grammy awards. She had had lunch with her

mother on Thursday. Today, Janice and wine has's father, paid a visit

on -- a visit to the shrine for her daughter. I cannot tell you what

this means to last. This is making it a lot easier. Amy Winehouse was

about one thing, and that was love. Among the group, her manager and

boyfriend. Those who had lived with the ups and downs. But this was

unexpected. There had been no signs of crisis. She was seen by a doctor

on Friday night. The last person to speak to her was a security guard

in the early hours of Saturday morning. On Saturday afternoon,

they were unable to wake her. Today's post-mortem was

inconclusive. More tests are needed. Bob Russell brand, her friend, said

he had long feared the worst, as his wife explained. When you know

somebody that is dealing with addiction, you dread that phone-

call but there will always be a phone call. But should more have

been done? Alan McGee, former manager of Oasis, dared set.

Ultimately, people are responsible for their own destiny. -- doubts it.

At the end of the day, if you do not want to get clean, you will not

get clean. It is understood that the funeral

will take place tomorrow. This was supposed to have been the summer of

Amy Winehouse's comeback tour, but instead, her backing singers were

today paying their respects. Amy Winehouse, who died on Saturday.

Last month, the skies over southern Chile were turned a murky state --

colour of grey by ash following the eruption of the Puyehue volcano in

the north of the country. The skies are usually the clearest in the

world, one of the reasons why the area has become a global attraction

for astronomers. Gideon along went to one Observatory to take a look.

If you recognise this observatory, it may be because part of the James

Bond film Quantum of Solace was filmed here. When it is not playing

host for British secret agents, this place is home to serious

stargazers. These telescopes are among the most powerful and the

world and have changed the way that we look at the heavens. -- powerful

in the world. We're looking at the galactic centre, and we are able to

measure the mass of the black hole at the centre of the galaxy. Also,

we made the first image of an exoplanet. This was done right here.

And there have been other discoveries. It was with images

taken here that astronomers worked out the age of the older star in

the Milky Way. It is more than 13 billion years old.

Scientists here want more. They are planning to build an even bigger

telescope, out in the desert just a few kilometres from here. It will

be the size of a football pitch, and when its dome opens up, it will

reveal a few of the sky it measuring 40 metres from one side

to another, four times bigger than any other optical telescope

currently in operation. This is what the telescope will look like.

The images it captures will be 15 times sharper than those from the

Hubble Space Telescope. Scientists are confident that within the next

25 years or so, it will lead to the discovery of life on planets other

than our own. But it is not the only ambitious space project in

Chile. The world's largest radio telescope is also being built. Once

an international pariah, chilly now has the infrastructure and the

political and economic stability that is essential for these long

term billion Dolli Project. It also has the perfect natural environment.

Chile is the dream place. -- bn dollar project. It has the clearest

sky and if you want to do modern, professional astronomy, and you

want to do it in the southern hemisphere, you have to do it here.

A quick reminder of our top story. People in Oslo or holding a vigil

for the victims of Friday's devastating attacks in Normandy --

Norway. The man accused of the attacks claimed he is not acting

attacks claimed he is not acting alone. That is it from me.

Throughout the day on Monday we had a contrast in our weather. One

sunshine for some, but cooler and cloudier for others. Similar

weather takes us through tomorrow but once again, we will see sunny

spells breaking through. The variation in the cloud is because

of the weak weather fronts across the United Kingdom. We may see some

light showers in the east. It is keeping the cloud going through

eastern Scotland and eastern England, becoming more extensive

across the Midlands. Certainly, were you have got the call cloud, -

- where you have got the cloud, rather cool. More cloud in the

south during the day but tending to break. Temperatures responding

through the afternoon. A brighter day in prospect for western areas

of Wales tomorrow. We will have lost the cloudier weather with the

showers. For Northern Ireland, most places you dry with brightness

through the afternoon. -- north -- most places dry. For Scotland, the

best temperatures in the West. Disappointing temperatures in the