16/04/2012 World News Today

This is BBC World News Today. The trial opens in Norway's worst crime

in modern times. A far right salute, and an admission to killing 77

people, but Anders Behring Breivik claims he's not guilty of murder.

TRANSLATION: I acknowledge the acts but I do not plead guilty and I'll

claim that I was doing it in self defence.

Tears as his manifesto is read out in court, but no sign of remorse

for the killings themselves. UN observers arrive in Syria, but

just six of them. We have a special report from inside the northern

province of Idlib where the guns are still firing.

The way it's always been. America's choice of Jim Yong Kim is picked

for the Presidency of the World Bank.

Also coming up in the programme: Claims that a multi-billion dollar

company is profiting from child workers. A BBC investigation

uncovers evidence that children as young as ten are working in mines

Welcome. There were tears but not apparently of remorse today from

Anders Behring Breivik, the man accused of killing 77 people in

Norway last July. Let's get the latest from Jon Sopel in Oslo.

Thank you. Welcome to Oslo over proceedings have finished for the

day. Tomorrow will be an uncomfortable day for Norwegians as

Anders Behring Breivik takes to the stand and gives to estimate that

could go on for four days. Today was not very comfortable with

Anders Behring Breivik arriving in court, release from his handcuffs

and giving an extreme right-wing salute as his opening. He sat

impassively throughout a list of names being read out, killing them

without any apparent feeling when he put bullet after a bulletin to

those poor people on the island of Utoeya. He pleaded not guilty but

he said that he was not responsible because he was acting in self-

defence. Let's get this report now from our correspondent.

The mastermind of Norway's suffering was a lead in with his

hands in Hancock's. He seemed relaxed, eager. He always wanted

the chance to present his views in public. He started with a salute to

the far right. No remorse. For the first time in court, we heard the

voice of the killer. TRANSLATION: I acknowledge these acts but they do

not plead guilty, I will claim to have done it in self-defence.

the first time, he shed a tear, but not, it seems, for his victims. The

court was shown a video that he had made. The motion, most likely, for

his own warped believes. -- emotion. He says the bomb that killed eight

people in Oslo and his killing of 69 people on the island of Utoeya

were the opening shots in a war, a war against multiculturalism.

Against political parties that supported immigration. Each of the

people murdered was named. Two shorts to the head, another in the

back for money. Orders were hit as they tried to escape. -- others.

This trial is being carefully managed, the most disturbing and

sensitive evidence will be given only was the television cameras had

been switched off. Anders Behring Breivik's appearances on camera

will themselves be limited, so was not to give him a platform for his

views. He says this amounts to courtroom Popper grander. --

propaganda. There was access to the car that he drove to get to the

island, the uniform that she was wearing on the island and his

steady progress across the summer camp, each redstart, another death.

And there was this telephone call Wenger, for just a few moments, his

lawyer spoke and defended his client's rights to have his say in

court. TRANSLATION: It would be difficult for the victims to hear

him, but it is his right, and it would be the most important

evidence in deciding if he is legally sane. Among the survivors

in court was this woman. It is good to see him now when you're

surrounded by police and in a safe place, because it gives a little

bit of closure. Are you still afraid of them? No, because he

would be locked up no matter what for the rest of his life. It would

be a long process, and he takes the stand tomorrow.

There is no question about whether Anders Behring Breivik did or did

not commit the 77 murders last July, he said that he did, he admits that

and he says that he wishes he had killed more people. The key

question is if he is sane or insane? Mad or normal? I am joined

by a psychiatrist, how do you charge if somebody is mad or not

mad? This is a question of using the law, because there is one

paragraph in the law. It is one paragraph that says that you are at

the same, it means that you are not psychotic and if you're insane,

then you are psychotic. Which you could easily argue that to kill

that many young people in cold blood shows that you have to be

mad! Yes, but not according to the law, because if you are mad

according to the law, then you have to be psychotic, and that is

different from being mad to as people think of mad. But it is very

difficult for somebody to think that this is a legal definition,

because we think that people judging if somebody is the same or

insane at people like yourself, psychiatrists. Yes, but we have to

follow the law because this is the question that has to be decided by

the law courts. What would be you're key guide? How would you

determined? I would have to see if he is a psychotic or unconscious as

they say, and that he can understand what is the reality in

this case, what is the reality of his relation to the people in

general? Explained to us, there are two reports, one saying that he was

mad or insane and the other that he was normal? Yes, it is very strange

because we have not had this situation before at all, we have

always had two people and be used to be agreeing with what they say,

and sometimes they do not agree, so they have to report and the court

needs to decide, and they take what this applies just say. But it must

be very hard for the Norwegian people to accept when you have had

one group of sight cries just saying that he is mad, he is a

nutcase, and another group saying that he is normal. -- one group of

psychiatrists. Yes, but it depends on how you read the law, actually.

It is only a recommendation to the court. A final question about the

people themselves, the people that have survived on Utoeya, they must

have been going through terrible psychiatric difficulties after

having witnessed something like that. I wonder what sort of

problems they will be suffering? The victims, yes, but they will, of

course, they will have all of these kinds of... They were new to death,

they knew somebody that was killed, something like that, that is a very

big strain for them. Now we're talking about the man that did this,

which is different. OK. Thank you. As we had been hearing, Anders

Behring Breivik takes to the stand tomorrow and his words will not be

televised, but people will be able to report exactly what he says, and

another very uncomfortable, difficult day for Norway, but now

back to the studio. Thank you.

The truce has been in place for five days and is still very fragile,

but the later stage of the Syrian peace plan continued today with the

arrival of international observers in Damascus. The advance party of

just six members is setting up the mission in Syria and trying to

liaise with both sides of the conflict, but with more fighting

today in Homs and Idlib, what are the chances of an enduring truth?

Access to journalists is restricted but our correspondent and his, man

sent this report from inside the province of Idlib.

This is meant to be a truce in Syria, in parts, it doesn't sound

like it. At best, the clamour here feels uneasy. The ground remains

highly dangerous. We moved with rebel fighters into a rehab, a

northern town Fergie under the grip of President Assad. -- firmly. The

Free Syrian Army relies on stealth and they knew this rich well, and

to abandon flats the battles of the war here. But they were unable to

resist the ferocious government offensive that swept through this

region days ago. The international community talks of ceasefires and

peace plans, but the view from the ground is very different.

TRANSLATION: They are buying time. The Government lies to the people.

It lies to the whole world, so it is not surprising that they lied to

Kofi Annan also. They have not stop shooting. Down below, you can

clearly see not all government forces have withdrawn. Every few

minutes, there are short bursts of gunfire. We do not know which side

his shooting, but whoever is responsible, it leaves the peace

plan looking shaky. We're just overlooking the town which is

pretty much a ghost city, and there is some traffic moving in the

distance, but the Government is controlling this area. They have

set up checkpoints and we can see a tank moving and in the last 60

minutes we could hear the sound of gunfire. This is a few days after

the ceasefire is known to have taken place. We sold government

road blocks on the road into town, stopping and checking vehicles.

They were looking for the man they call terrace, the soldiers of the

rebel army. -- called terrorists. Perhaps the rebels had been beaten

and bloodied but they have not bowed. And the fighters admit back

in. The bypass roads and cities and they call the same mission to

protect their homes and families. - - the call this mission. The

struggle is about their future. The girls at the family may be young

but they already know the language and the loss of the revolution.

Last week, this area was under attack. But today, women and girls

dare to leave their homes once again. They come back onto the

streets with a call for change that perhaps is louder than ever.

It is a mistake to think that all Syrians share their view, as some

people see this as an Islamic threat, but if there is to be peace,

it needs to be made in places like this and that does so much death,

positions have only hardened. And fear is never far away. President

Assad's army is slaughtering us, this man says. When Kofi Annan left

last time, they attacked us, says this woman. She has no faith that

the UN monitors will make the difference. After the bloodshed of

the last few weeks, the truth is that these people have simply come

too far and lost too much to give up now. In the words of one, we

will carry on protesting until the last man is standing.

Some of the other news, the Afghan President has said that deadly

attacks by Taliban insurgents across Afghanistan on Sunday

revealed a failure by the intelligence services are both the

Afghan and NATO-led forces. The last of the insurgents that

infiltrators Kabul and launched attacks on the Parliament, NATO Wed

quarters and other embassies had been overpowered. We had been to

one building where militants orchestrated the attack.

This is the scene of one of the fiercest attacks on Kabul, this

half-finished building which is one of the highest in the area are. It

is a building that insurgents be used as a firing position to attack

the nearby British and German embassies. The President is calling

it a huge intelligence failure by both NATO and the Afghan security

forces. But insurgents were in effect able to repeat the same

tactics that be used to lay siege to the American embassy last year.

Again, that was just a short distance away. Afghan security

forces eventually brought things under control here and also at the

Parliament and it was an Afghan lead operation and they have won

praise in some quarters for doing much better than in the past, and

yet, NATO back-up was still essential. Behind the scenes, and

also, directly in the fighting. Sudan's Parliament has voted to

declare south Sudan and enemy after troops captured the main while Phil

last week. Last Tuesday's attack on the wide field has shut down

production there. South Cezanne became independent last year after

a civil war. A female model in Milan Segers paid personally by

Silvio Berlusconi when she attended one of his bunga bunga parties.

Imane Fadil senior arriving in a green jacket said he had seen two

women dressed as nuns stripping off for Mr Berlusconi. He denies

knowing that women at his parties were prostitutes wore a sleeping

Two protesters have climbed onto the roof of the Bahraini em's in

London. -- embassy in London. Activists say the authorities are

withholding treatment from Hassan Mushaima.

Fabrice Muamba has been discharged from hospital after having cardiac

arrest during a game. He was left fighting for his life last month.

In a statement, Muamba thanked the staff who took care of him.

In the end, it went the way it always has done, the World Bank

announcing in the last hour or so that its next President will be the

US nominee Jim Yong Kim. The two remaining candidates were from

Nigeria and America. The US has held the World Bank presscy since

it was founded in 1944. This year there was real pressure to open up

the job to outside competition. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala was Nigeria's

candidate. She lost out to Jim Yong Kim, America's candidate. He's a

leading figure in the global health. He's the current President of Ivy

League Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. Uri Dadush has

previously served as the World Bank's director of international

trade and director of economic policy, and he joins us from

Washington. Did the best candidate win? I personally don't think so.

Dr Kim is certainly a remarkable individual, but Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala

has broader development and economic policy experience as well

as a deep knowledge of the organisation. So why didn't the

best candidate win? Because it is not an open and competitive process.

It is the subject of enormous amount of horse trading, much of

which happens behind-the-scenes and is guided by the United States,

which is the world's economic and military superpower. The irony is

it was only last year when all 187 members said it would be an open,

transparent decision. Yes, it is ironic. We went through something

that looks like an open process, because differenting candidates

were nominated and interviewed etc, but in practice, it remains a

highly guided process. What are Mr Kim's faults then or failings for

this job? And will it lead to problems within the World Bank in

the future? I dofpbt have a critique of Dr Kim. He is a

remarkable man, who has done quite a lot for development. I tried to

compare the qualifications that you need to have broad based

development institute like the World Bank and I find that the two

other candidates that were put forward fit that job description

much better than does Dr Kim. Now, that's my view. It happens to be a

view of a lot of other development professionals, but you never know.

I can only wish Dr Kim good luck in his very, very important job.

just that Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala had the backing of the the Eeconomist,

the New York Times a lot in the World Bank itself. Should she feel

right to be aggrieved of this process. She didn't even get Russia

backing her, when Russia perhaps as a developing nation, could have

thrown its weight behind her. has an important job as Finance

Minister and economics minister in nigh jeer ya. She's hardly going to

be unemployed. I think she has done the world a service by accepting to

be put forward and by fighting for the job. With respect, that wasn't

quite the question was it. We interviewed her last week and she

was very diplomat nick what she had to say. Should she feel aggrieved?

This is another US block sich up, isn't it? I think she should feel

aggrieved. I suspect she does feel aggrieved. Those of us who want

this to be an open and competitive process and reflecting the

realities of the world economy, where the developing countries are

playing an absolutely fundamental role in driving growth and

prosperity, feel bad about what has happened. We hope that by

interdueinging -- introducing, supposedly introducing a more

competitive process this time, at least there was a discussion, that

we are setting the stage for opening up both the International

Monetary Fund to a non-European and the World Bank to a non-American,

whoever the best person might be. Do you think, though, that this is

probably the last time this is going to happen, that they can't

keep this monopoly going forever? hope so. I cannot tell you that I

am certain of that. But I certainly hope. So I think it's going to be

very important for the viability of these institutions to be seen as

representative of the broader world. It is odd, isn't it, that you now

have the new President of the World Bank appointed in a pretty

untransparent sort of way, perhaps going round and lecturing African

countries about democracy and transparency, when it comes to

their own government bodies? Yes, yes. I agree. That's going to make

it more difficult for Dr Kim. There is going to be a legitimacy issue

right from the first day, but again, you know, people will rally around

the new President. Should he feel embarrassed? I don't know if he

should feel embarrassed, after ul, he was called to this job by the

President of the United States, his leader. I'm sure that he sees it as

doing the best he can to serve his country. Very good to speak to you.

Thank you for joining us. A multibillion dollar commodity

giant stands accused of juxping raw acid and profiting from children

working in a copper mind in Democratic Republic of Congo. An

investigation by BBC panorama found children as young as ten working in

a mine. John Sweeney has this report.

Have you heard of Glencore? It may not be a household name but

it trades a tenth of the wheat that comes onto the world market, a

quarter of barley and half of the copper wh. It was floated on the

London Stock Exchange last year, five of its partners became

billionaires. Chief executive -- the chief executive's stake is now

worth �4 billion. He says it's an ethical business. We care about the

environment, we care about the people. We care about all these

issues in the environments in which we operate. But their copper

refinery in the drk -- Democratic Republic of Congo tells a different

story to. Reach the copper the rock is burnt with sulphuric acid, the

result is an acid water fall. You can see the pollution. You can see

how bad it looks, but you can't smell. It I promise you standing

here it stinks to high heaven. This whole place stinks of acid.

Glencore say the pollution started long before the company took over

the refinery and it has now been stopped. Here's some water I took,

would you like to wash your hands with it, Sir? I can see what it is.

I can see it. Would you like to wash your hands with the water?

I've seen it. I've been to that river. That's what has been dumped

into the river for 50 years. So far the company has made no commitment

to compensate the villagers for the acid this their water. That's not

the only complaint they're facing in the Congo. This is Glencore's

copper mining concession, the company closed the mine four years

ago. Secret filming revealed hundreds of miners working on site,

after a local firm started working there. Some of them were only

Under interNational law it's illegal for anyone under 18 to work

an a mine. Glencore says this is going on without its permission and

that the mine has been taken over by freelance miners. After tracking

lorries and paper work, panorama found strong evidence that some of

the copper ended up in a Glencore smelter. If the material is

arriving at Mupani, we are profiting from child labour. But I

am, with the systems in place, I am sure, unless people can prove

otherwise, how any material came other than our own material can be

arriving at Mupani. If the material is arriving there, I have no idea

how it can be getting there. Glencore is about to become even

more powerful. It's announced plans for a merger with Xstrata another

mining giant. Serious questions remain about how one of the world's

most powerful companies puts ethics into practice.

Our main news: Anders Behring Breivik, who has admitted killing

77 people in two acts of terror in Oslo last July, has gone on trial.

He formally pleaded not guilty for the twin attacks. He showed no

emotion as the prosecuter described in graphic detail how the victims

died. But he did cry when his own propaganda video was shown in

evidence. Hello there. For many of us today

we had the sunshine, but it's all change for tonight and tomorrow's

weather. There's a band of rain moving through, leaving behind

plenty of heavy and blustery showers for much of the afternoon.

It's all courtesy of this low. Weather fronts move in through the

night. For tomorrow, they slowly clear their way eastwards. They are

bumping into cold air across northern Scotland. Here we could

see snow, particularly above higher ground. For the afternoon the

showers are likely to be widespread. They could be heavy and thundery in

a few places. Where we get sunshine in between the showers,

temperatures for the south-east will climb to about 13 to 14. The

wind's gusty as well. Taking the edge off the temperatures across

south-west England, highs of 11 or 12. There's a high chance if you're

heading out tomorrow afternoon you're likely to get caught in a

downpour. Showers scattered across Wales. Temperatures 11 to 12. For

Northern Ireland, we'll see a few showers with temperatures at nine

to ten degrees. In Scotland it's fairly cloudy through the afternoon,

still with this band of rain across northern areas. Again we could see

snow across higher ground. Through the night then that band becomes

quite suburn to clear northern Scotland. The showers tend to fade