0:00:02 > 0:00:07This programme contains some scenes which some viewers may find upsetting
0:00:07 > 0:00:10'Unjustified and unjustifiable -
0:00:10 > 0:00:16the conclusion of a long-awaited inquiry into Northern Ireland's Bloody Sunday killings.
0:00:16 > 0:00:24FRENCH BROADCAST
0:00:27 > 0:00:32The city knew it was a major day, Ireland knew it was a major day, the world knew it was a major day.
0:00:34 > 0:00:38The United Kingdom had some truth and reconciliation of its own today
0:00:38 > 0:00:43as Prime Minister David Cameron apologised for Bloody Sunday.
0:00:43 > 0:00:47On behalf of the government, indeed on behalf of our country,
0:00:47 > 0:00:49I am deeply sorry.
0:00:49 > 0:00:50CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:00:50 > 0:00:54I see the events of the 15th of June as a healing,
0:00:54 > 0:00:56as a major healing exercise.
0:01:01 > 0:01:05Saville's report was very, very long on innocence
0:01:05 > 0:01:07and very short on guilt.
0:01:07 > 0:01:09We have overcome!
0:01:09 > 0:01:15Bloody Sunday affected both Protestant and Catholic.
0:01:15 > 0:01:21And it was the lie of Bloody Sunday that affected...this country.
0:01:41 > 0:01:46# Lover, when you don't lay with me
0:01:49 > 0:01:54# I'm a huntress for a husband lost at sea... #
0:01:54 > 0:01:58The discrimination was palpable in our town, you know.
0:01:58 > 0:02:00So obviously we were very keen
0:02:00 > 0:02:01into civil rights.
0:02:01 > 0:02:04A family that was very aware politically, I would say.
0:02:04 > 0:02:06But on that morning,
0:02:06 > 0:02:08we did the usual thing in Derry,
0:02:08 > 0:02:12as a family, we went to mass, 10 o'clock mass in the Long Tower.
0:02:12 > 0:02:16# Calling moon and moon... #
0:02:16 > 0:02:18Michael himself was a young boy
0:02:18 > 0:02:22that was an easy come, easy go person, you know?
0:02:22 > 0:02:25His friends were on the march and he wanted to join them.
0:02:25 > 0:02:31But eventually, my mother relented, because myself and others
0:02:31 > 0:02:35persuaded her to allow him to go.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37I spoke to Michael before the march
0:02:37 > 0:02:39and that's the last time I saw him alive.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49My father had just finished a night shift
0:02:49 > 0:02:51and he left word that none of us were to go on the march
0:02:51 > 0:02:54because there was talk that there was going to be trouble.
0:02:54 > 0:02:56So my father was worried about us.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59But as all teenagers do, you never listen to your father.
0:02:59 > 0:03:03# ...on my back Do you understand? #
0:03:06 > 0:03:08In my estimation, it was 25,000 plus.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13I remember going on that march that day feeling, you know,
0:03:13 > 0:03:18content and happy, and in a sense, that vibrancy about it.
0:03:18 > 0:03:21As you were walking up to the march, seeing more and more people,
0:03:21 > 0:03:24thinking it was a success before the march even started.
0:03:24 > 0:03:26We weren't aware as a family
0:03:26 > 0:03:30of the military ring that was round the town.
0:04:01 > 0:04:03When the inquiry finished, we as families
0:04:03 > 0:04:08started taking up the gauntlet really
0:04:08 > 0:04:11in terms of anticipating when the report would be made public,
0:04:11 > 0:04:14under what conditions and so on.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18And probably for about two years or more,
0:04:18 > 0:04:20before June the 15th 2010,
0:04:20 > 0:04:24we had been in correspondence with the government.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29We had negotiated that two family members would have
0:04:29 > 0:04:34a pre-read opportunity under lock-in conditions on the day itself.
0:04:34 > 0:04:39The solicitors I think had the opportunity to begin at seven o'clock
0:04:39 > 0:04:44and then at 10 o'clock, two family members were allowed in.
0:04:44 > 0:04:47Then later on, the additional family members
0:04:47 > 0:04:50would be allowed into the Guildhall at about one o'clock.
0:04:50 > 0:04:52And then at three, they were going to come up
0:04:52 > 0:04:56and join us for the Prime Minister's speech.
0:04:58 > 0:05:03Extensive arrangements were made in advance about attendance at the Guildhall
0:05:03 > 0:05:06and agreed with all the legal representatives
0:05:06 > 0:05:07over a period of time.
0:05:07 > 0:05:11My memory is that around 7am, or thereabouts, or 7:30am,
0:05:11 > 0:05:15we were allowed access to the Guildhall.
0:05:18 > 0:05:21There was a palpable, tangible,
0:05:21 > 0:05:25you know, not quite tension in the air, expectancy in the air.
0:05:27 > 0:05:30Everybody knew that this was the day
0:05:30 > 0:05:34and you kind of felt eyes were focused on you,
0:05:34 > 0:05:37because you were going to go and get it first
0:05:37 > 0:05:39and have the privilege of reading it first
0:05:39 > 0:05:41and hopefully receive news
0:05:41 > 0:05:44that you could impart with favour and gladness.
0:05:47 > 0:05:51The first thing that I noticed would have been the padlocks
0:05:51 > 0:05:53on the doors of the Guildhall.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56And then, peeping through the glass,
0:05:56 > 0:06:02I could see the volumes of the report in cardboard boxes, sealed.
0:06:03 > 0:06:05So we were looking in at history.
0:06:05 > 0:06:09# I will rise now
0:06:11 > 0:06:15# And go about
0:06:16 > 0:06:19# The city... #
0:06:19 > 0:06:22There was butterflies in your stomach, you know.
0:06:22 > 0:06:26It's one of the days that you can remember
0:06:26 > 0:06:29because everything was kind of churning around
0:06:29 > 0:06:34and there was a lot of what if, what if, what if?
0:06:34 > 0:06:37I had a quiet confidence about Saville.
0:06:37 > 0:06:41My gut instinct was telling me
0:06:41 > 0:06:43that Saville was going to do a good job.
0:06:43 > 0:06:48# Went over the sea, what did I find? #
0:06:50 > 0:06:53If it hadn't happened, there was no plan B, you know,
0:06:53 > 0:06:56so it would have been quite a bad day for everybody,
0:06:56 > 0:06:59for people, for governments, for everybody.
0:06:59 > 0:07:01It would have been a total disaster.
0:07:05 > 0:07:07I felt that all our people
0:07:07 > 0:07:11were going to be totally declared innocent
0:07:11 > 0:07:15of the terrible allegations made against them in 1972.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19I felt pretty confident in that.
0:07:20 > 0:07:22But I felt anxious.
0:07:24 > 0:07:29Very nervous. Very, very nervous. Full of fear, trepidation.
0:07:29 > 0:07:32Not knowing, really not knowing what to expect,
0:07:32 > 0:07:35because we didn't have a lot of faith
0:07:35 > 0:07:38in British justice, to be fair, you know.
0:07:38 > 0:07:42And we had never been given reason to have faith in it.
0:07:42 > 0:07:46# Hey-oh... #
0:07:51 > 0:07:54When we were told we could open the boxes,
0:07:54 > 0:07:58it kind of was like turning your paper in an exam,
0:07:58 > 0:07:59but much, much more important.
0:08:01 > 0:08:03The room now was completely quiet.
0:08:03 > 0:08:05You could have heard a pin drop.
0:08:05 > 0:08:06It was tense.
0:08:06 > 0:08:11And when I read the shorter document first, my sense of doom returned.
0:08:11 > 0:08:17I was not sure about the report at all.
0:08:17 > 0:08:20It wasn't that I was completely negative about it,
0:08:20 > 0:08:22but I wasn't totally positive about it either.
0:08:22 > 0:08:24I wasn't sure what way to interpret it.
0:08:34 > 0:08:37The lawyers were already in the Guildhall
0:08:37 > 0:08:40and they already had access to the report.
0:08:40 > 0:08:41So they knew what was in it.
0:08:41 > 0:08:44But it was us trying to get to the Guildhall
0:08:44 > 0:08:48and find out for ourselves what was within it.
0:08:52 > 0:08:56I was quite calm to begin with.
0:08:56 > 0:08:58When we went to the monument, my brother was with me
0:08:58 > 0:09:02and we didn't attend marches as children or grown ups,
0:09:02 > 0:09:05so when we went to the monument
0:09:05 > 0:09:09there was a mini march, I suppose,
0:09:09 > 0:09:11and I turned to Kevin and I said,
0:09:11 > 0:09:13"Do we have to go on this?"
0:09:13 > 0:09:17You know, walk and carry a photograph of my father
0:09:17 > 0:09:20and, you know, I didn't like being out in the front.
0:09:20 > 0:09:22I didn't like cameras.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28The day it began to change significantly
0:09:28 > 0:09:30from a legal point of view
0:09:30 > 0:09:34was that one of my colleagues, Paddy MacDermott,
0:09:34 > 0:09:36said the soldiers fired first
0:09:36 > 0:09:39and that's in the shorter document.
0:09:39 > 0:09:41And I had missed that,
0:09:41 > 0:09:45and went back and checked it and asked him what page is it on,
0:09:45 > 0:09:47"Where's the paragraph, where is it?"
0:09:50 > 0:09:54Once Paddy had said that, I began to feel more positive
0:09:54 > 0:09:56about the way the report was going to go.
0:09:58 > 0:10:05# Set the sails I feel the winds a-stirring... #
0:10:05 > 0:10:10It was a sort of increasing excitement,
0:10:10 > 0:10:12you could just feel it growing...
0:10:12 > 0:10:16"Yes, OK. So we can relax a bit."
0:10:16 > 0:10:20When they walk through the door in what, oh, only 20 minutes to go,
0:10:20 > 0:10:24at least, what do we do when they come in?
0:10:24 > 0:10:27Are we all, or are we pretending that we don't know? What do you do?
0:10:27 > 0:10:31It's a very difficult situation. It's an unreal situation.
0:10:31 > 0:10:33You know the answer, they don't.
0:10:33 > 0:10:35And the first sign they're going to get
0:10:35 > 0:10:37is when they come into the room
0:10:37 > 0:10:39and they're expecting you to do something.
0:10:39 > 0:10:44# Fighting for a system built to fail... #
0:10:45 > 0:10:49What jumped out at me was the part where the barricade was,
0:10:49 > 0:10:51and that sort of got to me, you know?
0:10:51 > 0:10:53We're walking past this part,
0:10:53 > 0:10:57this part of the road where the march was stopped.
0:10:57 > 0:10:59And I said to myself, "From that part there
0:10:59 > 0:11:02to the Guildhall cost all those lives."
0:11:02 > 0:11:07If the march had been allowed to travel to the Guildhall, my brother would still be alive
0:11:07 > 0:11:09and I wouldn't have to be doing this.
0:11:09 > 0:11:15# The lords of war just profit from decay... #
0:11:15 > 0:11:18FAINT APPLAUSE
0:11:20 > 0:11:24At the very last moment, when I was walking into the Guildhall
0:11:24 > 0:11:27and I was hopping with excitement, I have to say,
0:11:27 > 0:11:29and telling every one inside the Guildhall,
0:11:29 > 0:11:32"Don't worry, this is our moment, this is our moment,
0:11:32 > 0:11:34"this is going to be wonderful."
0:11:34 > 0:11:39And every now and again, just a little split second
0:11:39 > 0:11:43flash of alarm in my mind, like, "I hope I'm right, I hope I'm right."
0:11:46 > 0:11:47John, a very quick word?
0:11:47 > 0:11:50How are you feeling, John?
0:11:50 > 0:11:54Nervous, very nervous, but looking forward to it.
0:11:54 > 0:11:57It's nearly hard to explain, you know.
0:11:57 > 0:12:02It's nearly like a dream when you're in the middle of...
0:12:05 > 0:12:07This is what we campaigned for.
0:12:23 > 0:12:29Up until the 20th anniversary when we started the campaign,
0:12:29 > 0:12:33Bloody Sunday was mentioned once a year.
0:12:35 > 0:12:39There would have been a wee service at the memorial.
0:12:39 > 0:12:44I remember when there were only 20, 30 people there, no clergy, no priest, no politicians.
0:12:44 > 0:12:46I myself would have led a decade of the rosary.
0:12:46 > 0:12:50We'd assemble there, say a prayer for the dead
0:12:50 > 0:12:53and the injured and for all those that lost their lives
0:12:53 > 0:12:56and those in prison as a result of what happened on Bloody Sunday.
0:12:56 > 0:12:59But then over the years, the march got bigger.
0:13:04 > 0:13:06The families, like it or not,
0:13:06 > 0:13:10were tarnished by the Widgery report,
0:13:10 > 0:13:12because it was a duplicitous report.
0:13:12 > 0:13:17They had the label attached to them over all these years that maybe
0:13:17 > 0:13:22they were either terrorists or associates of terrorists.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25And, of course, that was not true.
0:13:26 > 0:13:30So you have this shadow, this burden that you carry through.
0:13:30 > 0:13:34And it's not easy for those of us who haven't got the same one
0:13:34 > 0:13:37to realise that it's there with you, day in day out, every morning,
0:13:37 > 0:13:41every night when you go to sleep, when you wake up, there it is,
0:13:41 > 0:13:45you carry it around the streets, and it's not one you want to carry around.
0:13:45 > 0:13:50It's symbolic of the fact that the original march was supposed to get to the Guildhall.
0:13:50 > 0:13:53And we believe if it had reached its rightful destination
0:13:53 > 0:13:57on the day, there would have been no deaths in Derry on the day itself.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00We set out on that campaign in 1992 not knowing where we were going,
0:14:00 > 0:14:03not knowing what we were going to do.
0:14:05 > 0:14:08We did petitions, we went to London, we went to America,
0:14:08 > 0:14:10knocked on everybody's door.
0:14:10 > 0:14:14We got the door slammed in our face, went back and knocked again.
0:14:14 > 0:14:17I mean, this was done on a wing and a prayer.
0:14:17 > 0:14:19I always say we done most of it, you know.
0:14:19 > 0:14:22The peace declaration is great if it comes off,
0:14:22 > 0:14:24but if Bloody Sunday hadn't happened 22 years ago,
0:14:24 > 0:14:26you might not have been standing here
0:14:26 > 0:14:29talking about the peace declaration.
0:14:29 > 0:14:32Bloody Sunday had a lot to do with the Troubles.
0:14:34 > 0:14:36People in our own areas told us that we were mad.
0:14:36 > 0:14:38"Did we know what we were doing?"
0:14:38 > 0:14:40We were taking on the British establishment,
0:14:40 > 0:14:44the British government, and that we were mad to even think about it.
0:14:44 > 0:14:47But, as I always say...
0:14:47 > 0:14:48..it's great to be mad.
0:14:48 > 0:14:50We didn't know what we were doing at the time.
0:14:50 > 0:14:53If we had thought about what we were doing at the time,
0:14:53 > 0:14:55we mightn't have done what we've done.
0:14:56 > 0:15:01I always thought what kept our family going, I called it the TLC,
0:15:01 > 0:15:05was truth, love and commitment, and we had that towards Jim.
0:15:05 > 0:15:08That was never going to leave.
0:15:08 > 0:15:11But I certainly thought it would have been sorted out after,
0:15:11 > 0:15:15you know, a couple of years campaigning whatever.
0:15:15 > 0:15:18But as the years went on. then it didn't matter,
0:15:18 > 0:15:20it didn't matter if it took from now to eternity
0:15:20 > 0:15:25because your commitment was there and you weren't going to be beat.
0:15:27 > 0:15:31This was a campaign which was based upon the determination
0:15:31 > 0:15:34and the fixity of purpose of the Bloody Sunday families.
0:15:34 > 0:15:38It wouldn't have happened without the Bloody Sunday families
0:15:38 > 0:15:40marching and marching and marching
0:15:40 > 0:15:44and going on deputation after deputation,
0:15:44 > 0:15:47going to the United States, going to Europe,
0:15:47 > 0:15:52going endlessly to Dublin to plead and demand and persuade.
0:15:52 > 0:15:55This was people power in action.
0:15:57 > 0:15:59We had nothing to lose.
0:15:59 > 0:16:01We had to become their voices.
0:16:34 > 0:16:38I really would have wanted to be in Derry on the 15th of June,
0:16:38 > 0:16:41but in all the discussions
0:16:41 > 0:16:43that I had had with the families, it was fully agreed
0:16:43 > 0:16:47that where I needed to be that day was in the House of Commons.
0:16:51 > 0:16:53I went over to Downing Street
0:16:53 > 0:16:56and we met David Cameron with a senior team.
0:16:59 > 0:17:01There was Nick Clegg, Liam Fox,
0:17:01 > 0:17:03Dominic Grieve, the Attorney General,
0:17:03 > 0:17:07David Richards, head of the Armed Forces,
0:17:07 > 0:17:11Ed Llewellyn, and it was quite a dramatic moment.
0:17:11 > 0:17:14David was sitting there in his shirt sleeves,
0:17:14 > 0:17:16no tie, like he used to be in opposition.
0:17:16 > 0:17:19He had been in Afghanistan the weekend before
0:17:19 > 0:17:22and, quite remarkably, he had read this twice
0:17:22 > 0:17:25and he just chucked it on the table and said,
0:17:25 > 0:17:27"This is the worst thing I've ever read.
0:17:27 > 0:17:29"It's quite clear what we've got to say."
0:17:31 > 0:17:34Owen Paterson did mention to me that
0:17:34 > 0:17:37"David is conscious of the conversation he had with you last week."
0:17:37 > 0:17:40And I said, "David?" He said, "the Prime Minister."
0:17:40 > 0:17:43And of course what the Prime Minister had said to me
0:17:43 > 0:17:46on that occasion was that he would say what needed to be said.
0:18:09 > 0:18:14I saw stones chip off the wall, which, I realised then, was live ammunition.
0:18:14 > 0:18:16And within that short period of time -
0:18:16 > 0:18:20and it's hard to describe how it happens - your whole sense,
0:18:20 > 0:18:24it's your senses tell you that there's something bad happening here,
0:18:24 > 0:18:26that it's very dangerous.
0:18:27 > 0:18:30I saw the Army coming in.
0:18:30 > 0:18:34I saw the APCs
0:18:34 > 0:18:39and the big TK Bedford and the ferry car.
0:18:39 > 0:18:41And I remember looking at them
0:18:41 > 0:18:44and momentarily thinking, "This is different."
0:18:46 > 0:18:50I thought, you know, "This has never happened before."
0:18:50 > 0:18:53I had never seen them coming in like this before.
0:18:53 > 0:18:56And I remember just getting into Saint Colm's
0:18:56 > 0:18:59and into my aunt's house, and all hell broke loose.
0:18:59 > 0:19:04People were running, roaring and screaming.
0:19:08 > 0:19:12I got behind a small red brick wall in the back of the high flats,
0:19:12 > 0:19:15and I crawled along that wee wall.
0:19:15 > 0:19:18Something always stuck in my mind.
0:19:18 > 0:19:20I mind seeing a body lying in the square.
0:19:20 > 0:19:21I didn't know at the time,
0:19:21 > 0:19:23but afterwards, when I learned about it,
0:19:23 > 0:19:26that was Jackie lying out in the square.
0:19:26 > 0:19:28So... And...
0:19:29 > 0:19:32Somebody told me, "Run", from where I was behind the wall,
0:19:32 > 0:19:34you know, to get out through the exit.
0:19:34 > 0:19:36And it always stood with me.
0:19:36 > 0:19:40Was it a good thing I didn't know it was Jackie lying in the square?
0:19:40 > 0:19:42Would I have tried to get out to him?
0:19:42 > 0:19:44What would have happened to me?
0:19:44 > 0:19:47It's just wee things that you keep asking yourself.
0:19:47 > 0:19:50SHOUTING AND GUNFIRE
0:19:58 > 0:20:00SCREAMING
0:20:01 > 0:20:04Go on, you mad bastards, you!
0:20:08 > 0:20:11The place I dived in behind is where the monument now sits.
0:20:11 > 0:20:15And I lay there, listening to the shooting...
0:20:16 > 0:20:20..but I couldn't see where the shooting was coming from.
0:20:20 > 0:20:23I knew who was shooting, I knew it was the Army,
0:20:23 > 0:20:26because of the weapons that they were using,
0:20:26 > 0:20:28the 7.62 high-velocity SLR rifles.
0:20:28 > 0:20:31But I didn't know where it was going.
0:20:31 > 0:20:34So I was lying there listening to the shooting
0:20:34 > 0:20:36while people were dying.
0:20:36 > 0:20:40And I would say I would have been about 30 yards away
0:20:40 > 0:20:43from where Michael was shot dead, but I didn't see it.
0:20:44 > 0:20:48The shooting had quietened down and people were exiting the house
0:20:48 > 0:20:51and making their own way home, and I went upstairs,
0:20:51 > 0:20:53I'll never forget, for a moment of peace
0:20:53 > 0:20:55and went into one of the small bedrooms
0:20:55 > 0:20:58and knelt down to say a prayer.
0:20:58 > 0:21:01And there was a Sacred Heart picture on the wall, you know,
0:21:01 > 0:21:05and I don't know why, but the moment I went to say the prayer,
0:21:05 > 0:21:09just - whoosh - floods of tears and fear.
0:21:09 > 0:21:14# God will rest my soul... #
0:21:19 > 0:21:23BELL TOLLS
0:21:48 > 0:21:52I think I was actually a bit scared coming up the stairs, actually.
0:21:52 > 0:21:56Very, very nervous,
0:21:56 > 0:22:01and you could sort of sense the tension from other people as well.
0:22:01 > 0:22:03This was a big moment.
0:22:03 > 0:22:07This was the moment we'd been waiting for, for nearly 40 years.
0:22:07 > 0:22:13And we made the stairs OK! We had to do it, and that was it.
0:22:13 > 0:22:15There was an excitement,
0:22:15 > 0:22:18but it was kind of like a nervous excitement, you know?
0:22:18 > 0:22:20And it was good and bad,
0:22:20 > 0:22:22because you were apprehensive
0:22:22 > 0:22:24and you were enthralled,
0:22:24 > 0:22:27and you were excited about...finally,
0:22:27 > 0:22:29but them knots were still there.
0:22:29 > 0:22:30Yeah.
0:22:30 > 0:22:33I was thinking, walking up the stairs today, how different it was.
0:22:33 > 0:22:37I think it was a lot lighter. The stairs weren't as steep!
0:22:37 > 0:22:40Because you didn't know what they were going to say, you know?
0:22:40 > 0:22:42After the Widgery...
0:22:42 > 0:22:44He blackened it,
0:22:44 > 0:22:46and you just weren't sure what was going to come out
0:22:46 > 0:22:49and, as Jean says, your stomach was in knots.
0:22:49 > 0:22:50My stomach was in knots
0:22:50 > 0:22:52and my head was thumping.
0:22:52 > 0:22:56I could feel me whole system shaking.
0:22:56 > 0:23:01It was really, really, really tense and nervous.
0:23:07 > 0:23:10All our family reps walked in the door just behind you here,
0:23:10 > 0:23:13up in the right-hand corner,
0:23:13 > 0:23:19and I think there was about 20 of these tables in different places,
0:23:19 > 0:23:22you know, evenly put across the hall.
0:23:22 > 0:23:27All this far side here was all computers,
0:23:27 > 0:23:29computer screens,
0:23:29 > 0:23:33and we walked in and we saw all our counsel
0:23:33 > 0:23:36and our solicitors, all our representative solicitors,
0:23:36 > 0:23:40and all the family reps went and sat at their particular table.
0:23:44 > 0:23:46I could see the solicitors.
0:23:46 > 0:23:49And I seen my man, Peter Madden.
0:23:50 > 0:23:54And I walk in, and he comes over to me and he says, "John..."
0:23:54 > 0:23:57"Well, Peter, what's happened?" "Everybody's innocent."
0:24:06 > 0:24:08I say, "Incredible!"
0:24:08 > 0:24:10Brilliant altogether, you know?
0:24:10 > 0:24:13It was an incredible moment in my life, you know?
0:24:13 > 0:24:1638-and-a-half years' of hard work
0:24:16 > 0:24:18in accumulation of that day,
0:24:18 > 0:24:22you know, that someone came up to me, in a couple of words
0:24:22 > 0:24:25and said to me, "They were innocent."
0:24:25 > 0:24:27That meant a massive amount to me.
0:24:29 > 0:24:31We just sat down and they told us.
0:24:31 > 0:24:33He says,
0:24:33 > 0:24:35"Your father is vindicated."
0:24:35 > 0:24:38They didn't fire in fear or panic.
0:24:38 > 0:24:40They were under no threat of their life.
0:24:40 > 0:24:42And that kind of wording...
0:24:42 > 0:24:46It's... It's chilling, actually, you know?
0:24:46 > 0:24:48You could feel something in your spine.
0:24:48 > 0:24:51It was three paragraphs.
0:24:51 > 0:24:54And the three paragraphs basically said
0:24:54 > 0:24:58that Jim was doing nothing that threatened anybody,
0:24:58 > 0:25:00whether civilian or military.
0:25:00 > 0:25:04That any soldier couldn't be mistaken that he wasn't a threat,
0:25:04 > 0:25:09that he was deliberately targeted and he was deliberately shot.
0:25:13 > 0:25:15When the McGuigans came and sat with Des,
0:25:15 > 0:25:19Mrs McGuigan sat down opposite him on this table,
0:25:19 > 0:25:21and I sat to one side...
0:25:21 > 0:25:24It was the most remarkable moment...
0:25:27 > 0:25:31..because he was so emotionally charged.
0:25:31 > 0:25:37I didn't know whether he was actually beginning to cry
0:25:37 > 0:25:41or whether he was just completely choked,
0:25:41 > 0:25:45but he couldn't say anything...
0:25:46 > 0:25:48..and that said it all.
0:25:48 > 0:25:51Mrs McGuigan realised at that one moment...
0:25:51 > 0:25:55These weren't... There were tears of joy, sorrow,
0:25:55 > 0:25:57everything was there in the one moment.
0:25:57 > 0:26:01She knew that was it. That's all she wanted to know.
0:26:01 > 0:26:06I tried to recall, myself, and as I speak now, I'm still not sure,
0:26:06 > 0:26:11but I've asked Michael, Michael Mansfield,
0:26:11 > 0:26:14well, what made it emotional?
0:26:14 > 0:26:18Or what was it that I said, you know, to Mrs McGuigan?
0:26:18 > 0:26:20I think his response to me in one conversation was,
0:26:20 > 0:26:23"It's not what you said. It's what you didn't say."
0:26:26 > 0:26:29You were anxious to know what was happening with other families,
0:26:29 > 0:26:32so you were looking up and seeing smiles,
0:26:32 > 0:26:34and you kind of knew it was good,
0:26:34 > 0:26:38but you didn't really sort of know everything, and that.
0:26:38 > 0:26:41And you were anxious that you could get to a point
0:26:41 > 0:26:44where you could start talking to people and see what they felt.
0:26:47 > 0:26:52I remember asking, "What's the chance of prosecution?"
0:26:52 > 0:26:55and I was told, "This is going to be a hard one."
0:26:58 > 0:27:00And I felt angry.
0:27:03 > 0:27:09Angry because of the thought that whoever shot my brother,
0:27:09 > 0:27:12whoever killed my brother,
0:27:12 > 0:27:14might get away with this.
0:27:17 > 0:27:19There was always a major question mark
0:27:19 > 0:27:23in relation to how Saville was going to deal with Gerald Donaghey.
0:27:23 > 0:27:27The evidence is there that proves that Gerald Donaghey was totally innocent.
0:27:27 > 0:27:30He wasn't carrying any nail bombs whatsoever.
0:27:32 > 0:27:34I looked for my solicitor,
0:27:34 > 0:27:37and I knew by her face right away, so I did.
0:27:37 > 0:27:40My first words to Patricia was,
0:27:40 > 0:27:42"What about the nail bombs?"
0:27:42 > 0:27:45And she said, "No, Geraldine."
0:27:45 > 0:27:47And I just basically broke down...
0:27:47 > 0:27:53She said, "But, Geraldine, he's got his declaration of innocence."
0:27:53 > 0:27:57And I said, "Right." And I was just numb.
0:27:57 > 0:28:00I thought, "How am I going to tell me mummy?"
0:28:00 > 0:28:05And when all the rest of the families came in,
0:28:05 > 0:28:09I was standing outside them two doors
0:28:09 > 0:28:11waiting for me mum to come up,
0:28:11 > 0:28:16and she came up and she looked at me
0:28:16 > 0:28:20and she knew, so she did,
0:28:20 > 0:28:23and she said, "It's not good."
0:28:23 > 0:28:25I said, "It's good and bad."
0:28:25 > 0:28:28I said, "He's got his declaration of innocence,"
0:28:28 > 0:28:31and she said, "What about the nails bombs?"
0:28:31 > 0:28:35and I said "No, Mummy. He wouldn't give us that."
0:28:35 > 0:28:39Me, I think Saville's language says it anyway,
0:28:39 > 0:28:43because he didn't say he didn't have them, but he said "probably".
0:28:43 > 0:28:47I mean, he could just so easily have said "probably not", you know?
0:28:47 > 0:28:52It was a complete cop-out, just his choice of language,
0:28:52 > 0:28:56and I think if you just read into the language, Saville says it anyway.
0:28:56 > 0:29:01They were taking photographs of him lying in the car
0:29:01 > 0:29:04with the nail bombs on him, like.
0:29:04 > 0:29:09Everything was there to show that the nail bombs were planted,
0:29:09 > 0:29:13but, like, I'm proud and honoured, me and me mother, for what we got,
0:29:13 > 0:29:16and for the rest of the loved ones too,
0:29:16 > 0:29:17that it got us...
0:29:17 > 0:29:20That he was exonerated that way,
0:29:20 > 0:29:23but there's still that headline over him.
0:29:23 > 0:29:25Nail bomber. Probably.
0:29:25 > 0:29:28The suspicion developed, and it developed, to me, very quickly
0:29:28 > 0:29:32that perhaps the explanation for the finding about Gerry Donaghey
0:29:32 > 0:29:36is that the tribunal felt that they had to throw something
0:29:36 > 0:29:40to the British, so to speak, side,
0:29:40 > 0:29:47and the case of Gerry Donaghey provided sort of an opportunity to do that.
0:29:47 > 0:29:50Nobody wanted to rain on the parade on the day,
0:29:50 > 0:29:56and yet there was, there had to be, that little bit of sadness in their hearts
0:29:56 > 0:30:00as every other heart was swelling with pride and joy,
0:30:00 > 0:30:04and I think that's still difficult, still difficult, for the Donaghey family,
0:30:04 > 0:30:07and I'm still very conscious of that.
0:30:07 > 0:30:11I'm conscious that we in the Bloody Sunday Trust, and me personally, and everybody,
0:30:11 > 0:30:15that we owe it to the Donaghey family, even yet,
0:30:15 > 0:30:17to try to set that to rights.
0:30:40 > 0:30:45Myself and another colleague decided to make our way to Guildhall Square.
0:30:45 > 0:30:48When we went there, it was, you know,
0:30:48 > 0:30:50really buoyant.
0:30:50 > 0:30:52It was a buoyant but nervous atmosphere
0:30:52 > 0:30:54at the same time, I think.
0:30:56 > 0:30:59But it was quite incredible.
0:30:59 > 0:31:01From someone who grew up in the Protestant community
0:31:01 > 0:31:04and grew up hating the city with a passion
0:31:04 > 0:31:08because of the sense of intimidation felt as a young person
0:31:08 > 0:31:10going to school in city side here
0:31:10 > 0:31:14and growing up in a generation that was made very, very unwelcome,
0:31:14 > 0:31:18it was quite astounding to be, you know,
0:31:18 > 0:31:20a part of that crowd anyway.
0:31:20 > 0:31:23Even that in itself was incredible progress.
0:31:27 > 0:31:30I went down to the Guildhall at about one o'clock.
0:31:30 > 0:31:34Many of the families, I met them and they were all saying they were optimistic,
0:31:34 > 0:31:37but just that little bit cautious.
0:31:37 > 0:31:40There had been so many disappointments in the past,
0:31:40 > 0:31:44so many false hopes, that they were almost afraid to hope.
0:31:47 > 0:31:52By that time, you had two per family in the main hall, the Guildhall,
0:31:52 > 0:31:53viewing the report,
0:31:53 > 0:31:56and the rest of the family members were all downstairs,
0:31:56 > 0:31:59and naturally enough, they were all anxious and itching to get in.
0:32:01 > 0:32:03CHEERING
0:32:04 > 0:32:10It was getting to the point where tempers were frayed,
0:32:10 > 0:32:11to say the least.
0:32:11 > 0:32:14- A lot of tension, a lot. - A lot of tension.
0:32:16 > 0:32:20They waited for a long time in a very crowded situation,
0:32:20 > 0:32:23waiting to get upstairs and join the other members of the families,
0:32:23 > 0:32:26who, at that time, were reading the report,
0:32:26 > 0:32:29or at least reading the executive summary of the report.
0:32:29 > 0:32:34I don't know where I got my strength from, because, at that stage,
0:32:34 > 0:32:37you know, I was feeling weak, you know?
0:32:37 > 0:32:41I was even... I was hyperventilating a bit,
0:32:41 > 0:32:45but I still managed to take them stairs two at a time
0:32:45 > 0:32:49and, to this day, I don't know how I did it.
0:32:49 > 0:32:51But I think it was, you know, the adrenalin.
0:32:54 > 0:32:59People basically laughing and crying and squealing at the same time.
0:32:59 > 0:33:01That's what it sounded like to me.
0:33:01 > 0:33:04There was just that whole mixture of emotions
0:33:04 > 0:33:08as they were met at the top of the stairs, at the foyer,
0:33:08 > 0:33:13coming into this room, and it's a great memory that I have,
0:33:13 > 0:33:16because I almost... I sort of stopped in me tracks.
0:33:16 > 0:33:19It was nearly like a wave of excitement, you know,
0:33:19 > 0:33:24because the ones at the top were obviously getting the good news, and it kind of did spread down.
0:33:24 > 0:33:27Just waiting to see them coming through that door
0:33:27 > 0:33:31and being able to say, "Yes, it's good. It's..."
0:33:31 > 0:33:33It was amazing!
0:33:33 > 0:33:36It was so emotional.
0:33:36 > 0:33:39It's hard to even put it into words, you know?
0:33:39 > 0:33:43To rush into the main hall of the Guildhall, that was a great moment.
0:33:43 > 0:33:45That was a great moment.
0:33:45 > 0:33:49Entering the main hall of the Guildhall, you know,
0:33:49 > 0:33:53is something, even at my great age, that I can look back on
0:33:53 > 0:33:57and say, "This was one of the key moments of my life."
0:33:57 > 0:34:01I felt a buzz going into that main hall in the Guildhall
0:34:01 > 0:34:04that I don't think I've ever felt before. Just wonderful.
0:34:05 > 0:34:07CHEERING
0:34:12 > 0:34:15I was standing there with Paul Doherty and I said to Paul,
0:34:15 > 0:34:19"Look at the crowd outside.
0:34:19 > 0:34:21"There's thousands outside, so there is."
0:34:21 > 0:34:24I said to Paul, "We have to get some kind of way
0:34:24 > 0:34:27"of acknowledging that everything's OK."
0:34:27 > 0:34:31So me and Paul walked up to the back windows up there
0:34:31 > 0:34:37and we just stuck our thumbs out the windows.
0:34:37 > 0:34:41CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:34:47 > 0:34:53I was thinking that we actually got the word out before Cameron,
0:34:53 > 0:34:56and that's what beat him there, look, is that there.
0:34:56 > 0:34:58That beat him.
0:34:58 > 0:35:02So all the security they had in here, it really didn't work.
0:35:04 > 0:35:06A dark cloud was lifted from the city that day.
0:35:06 > 0:35:09You could almost pinpoint it to that occasion
0:35:09 > 0:35:11when the thumbs-up was given.
0:35:11 > 0:35:14You could feel the tension lift from the Guildhall Square.
0:35:14 > 0:35:18It was, I suppose, the perfect set of emotions
0:35:18 > 0:35:21for that type of event.
0:35:21 > 0:35:24It was the complete antithesis of Bloody Sunday itself.
0:35:24 > 0:35:27That took place in the dead of winter,
0:35:27 > 0:35:31people running and panicking and, you know,
0:35:31 > 0:35:33people being shot all around them.
0:35:44 > 0:35:48# Take your last look around
0:35:50 > 0:35:55# Take the fall that is due
0:35:57 > 0:36:00# And take your time
0:36:00 > 0:36:03# And I'll take mine
0:36:03 > 0:36:08# It's the last thing that's left for us to do... #
0:36:12 > 0:36:16I remember the way Mammy reacted to the news.
0:36:16 > 0:36:20She knew Daddy was dead before anybody come to the house.
0:36:22 > 0:36:26The fact that he went out with his hands in the air, and it wasn't just about himself,
0:36:26 > 0:36:31there was other people that needed help, then he was a hero.
0:36:31 > 0:36:35He had seven children at home and one on the way, you know?
0:36:35 > 0:36:38Gerard Donaghey was only 17. He wasn't thinking of just himself.
0:36:42 > 0:36:46You couldn't believe this is real, or am I seeing things?
0:36:46 > 0:36:49And then I realised very quickly that it was for real.
0:36:49 > 0:36:54And there was a little boy, Jackie Duddy, who was just shot beside me.
0:37:04 > 0:37:07I crept out in the middle of the gunfire.
0:37:07 > 0:37:10I got to him and I tried to speak to him.
0:37:10 > 0:37:12There wasn't much response.
0:37:12 > 0:37:14He had a huge, big bloodstain here.
0:37:17 > 0:37:20I gave him the last rites
0:37:20 > 0:37:22and then tried to get him out of the area, ultimately.
0:37:22 > 0:37:28# ..So when I have lost all my control
0:37:31 > 0:37:35# God will rest my soul... #
0:37:37 > 0:37:42The fact that Bishop Daly was with Jackie and give him the last rites...
0:37:42 > 0:37:46I think the fact that he was there with him
0:37:46 > 0:37:49was a great source of comfort, eventually, to us.
0:37:52 > 0:37:58It's Jackie's last moments, whether he was dead or not at the time,
0:37:58 > 0:38:03when they were bringing him along Chamberlain Street and up the hill, that's Jackie's last moments.
0:38:03 > 0:38:07So, even though they're hurting, they're still nice to have.
0:38:07 > 0:38:10I often think about him,
0:38:10 > 0:38:14and I often think that if he were alive today, he'd be 56 years old,
0:38:14 > 0:38:19but he's eternally young in my mind
0:38:19 > 0:38:22and I think in the minds of his family, too.
0:38:22 > 0:38:26And, um, he has this strange...
0:38:28 > 0:38:32Somebody that you just meet casually in a situation like that,
0:38:32 > 0:38:35who's with you for the rest of your life.
0:38:35 > 0:38:40It's a strange relationship, but I feel very close to him.
0:38:40 > 0:38:43# ..Oh, you can't throw something out there
0:38:43 > 0:38:46# Without watching it fall
0:38:46 > 0:38:50# Only thing that's scarier than dying
0:38:50 > 0:38:54# Is not dying at all
0:38:54 > 0:38:59# So when I've lost all my control
0:39:03 > 0:39:07# God will rest my soul... #
0:39:09 > 0:39:12On the day of Bloody Sunday, I lived in Canada.
0:39:12 > 0:39:14I was married with a three-year-old child.
0:39:14 > 0:39:18We were out skating and we came home and the news was on, you know,
0:39:18 > 0:39:20the national news, on the TV,
0:39:20 > 0:39:25and there was gunmen and bombers shot in Derry.
0:39:28 > 0:39:31It's bad enough what they did - they murdered Kevin,
0:39:31 > 0:39:34they assassinated his character.
0:39:37 > 0:39:40They checked Michael, and I remember him looking up at me
0:39:40 > 0:39:43and saying, "I'm sorry, he's dead."
0:39:43 > 0:39:47And I remember saying, "Go and check him again, just to make sure."
0:39:47 > 0:39:52And he checked him again and he said, "I'm sorry, Michael's dead."
0:39:52 > 0:39:56And I do remember him asking me his age, and I says 16.
0:39:56 > 0:40:00Then I just remembered he'd just turned 17, you know?
0:40:00 > 0:40:04So Michael was actually the youngest to die on Bloody Sunday.
0:40:04 > 0:40:09# ..Oh, you can't throw something out there
0:40:09 > 0:40:12# Without watching it fall
0:40:12 > 0:40:16# Only thing that's scarier than dying
0:40:16 > 0:40:19# Is not dying at all
0:40:19 > 0:40:25# So when I've lost all my control
0:40:28 > 0:40:32# God will rest my soul... #
0:40:32 > 0:40:36Jim was 22 years of age when he died.
0:40:36 > 0:40:38That 22 years of age
0:40:38 > 0:40:44was filled with love and joy to many a degree,
0:40:44 > 0:40:45and sometimes hardship.
0:40:48 > 0:40:51I remember, when I seen Jim's body,
0:40:51 > 0:40:53I just couldn't believe he was dead.
0:40:53 > 0:40:57Couldn't believe that somebody that was so vibrant, you know...
0:40:57 > 0:40:58It was hard to take in.
0:40:58 > 0:41:02Maybe I was 18, maybe it was the first time I'd seen a dead body,
0:41:02 > 0:41:04maybe it was because my brother,
0:41:04 > 0:41:06I thought, "How could somebody do that?"
0:41:06 > 0:41:09I thought to myself, "I could never do that."
0:41:09 > 0:41:12But a few days later, I thought I could do it.
0:41:41 > 0:41:44We went into the chamber,
0:41:44 > 0:41:48and as the question time in advance of us was winding up,
0:41:48 > 0:41:52there was just a big sense of expectation
0:41:52 > 0:41:55that something of moment was going to happen.
0:41:55 > 0:41:57Statement, the Prime Minister.
0:41:57 > 0:42:00With permission, Mr Speaker, I would like to make a statement.
0:42:01 > 0:42:05Today, my Right Honourable friend, the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland,
0:42:05 > 0:42:08is publishing the report of the Saville inquiry.
0:42:08 > 0:42:11I mean, this was a new Parliament with a new Government,
0:42:11 > 0:42:15a new Prime Minister, quite a new membership of the Parliament,
0:42:15 > 0:42:18so this was, in many ways, you know,
0:42:18 > 0:42:22the first big set piece of this Parliament.
0:42:24 > 0:42:28We have acted in good faith by publishing the tribunal's findings
0:42:28 > 0:42:32as quickly as possible after the General Election.
0:42:32 > 0:42:35There was real tension in the chamber.
0:42:35 > 0:42:39You obviously had those from Northern Ireland
0:42:39 > 0:42:42who had strong views both ways,
0:42:42 > 0:42:46but you had quite a lot of Conservative MPs, of course, behind,
0:42:46 > 0:42:50who were staunch supporters of the Armed Forces.
0:42:50 > 0:42:54I never want to call into question the behaviour of our soldiers
0:42:54 > 0:42:59and our Army, who I believe to be the finest in the world.
0:42:59 > 0:43:02Right across the chamber, there was a real sense
0:43:02 > 0:43:04of the sort of gravity of the occasion.
0:43:04 > 0:43:06Quite remarkable, really.
0:43:10 > 0:43:14With everyone's eyes fixed on this huge screen up there
0:43:14 > 0:43:16in the room we're in,
0:43:16 > 0:43:19he gets to his feet.
0:43:19 > 0:43:22Nobody, least of all me, was aware of what he was going to say
0:43:22 > 0:43:24or how he was going to communicate it.
0:43:26 > 0:43:28And, I've made no bones about it,
0:43:28 > 0:43:33I think what he did on that day was remarkable.
0:43:33 > 0:43:38What happened on Bloody Sunday was both unjustified and unjustifiable.
0:43:38 > 0:43:41It was wrong.
0:43:41 > 0:43:44He delivered a definitive statement,
0:43:44 > 0:43:49which was needed to bring the curtain down on this episode,
0:43:49 > 0:43:50terrible episode,
0:43:50 > 0:43:53of English history as well as Irish history.
0:43:53 > 0:43:59Lord Saville concludes that the soldiers of the Support Company who went into the Bogside
0:43:59 > 0:44:04did so as a result of an order which should not have been given by their commander.
0:44:04 > 0:44:08He finds that, on balance, the first shot in the vicinity of the march
0:44:08 > 0:44:11was fired by the British Army.
0:44:11 > 0:44:13He finds that none of the casualties
0:44:13 > 0:44:16shot by the soldiers of Support Company
0:44:16 > 0:44:18was armed with a firearm.
0:44:18 > 0:44:22He finds that there was some firing by republican paramilitaries
0:44:22 > 0:44:27but none of this firing provided any justification for the shooting of civilian casualties.
0:44:27 > 0:44:30And then he said the word... Very few...
0:44:30 > 0:44:35I'm not sure we'd have had this from a Labour Prime Minister,
0:44:35 > 0:44:39or anyone else, I'm afraid, but we got it from him...
0:44:39 > 0:44:44The Government is ultimately responsible for the conduct of the Armed Forces,
0:44:44 > 0:44:47and for that, on behalf of the Government,
0:44:47 > 0:44:51indeed on behalf of our country, I am deeply sorry.
0:44:51 > 0:44:53..sorry.
0:44:58 > 0:45:02It was a remarkable moment, and I must say something...
0:45:02 > 0:45:06It's the moment on that day that's indelibly etched on my memory,
0:45:06 > 0:45:10the moment when their attention switched from one another...
0:45:10 > 0:45:13They were all chatting and waiting to get out.
0:45:13 > 0:45:17Suddenly, the moment of silence, when they all locked onto what was happening.
0:45:17 > 0:45:20And there was dead silence listening, and then suddenly...
0:45:20 > 0:45:23CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:45:23 > 0:45:27..he said the words. And there was a huge outburst of emotion -
0:45:27 > 0:45:30joy, relief, tears, everything.
0:45:30 > 0:45:35It was just one of those remarkable moments that one has in a lifetime.
0:45:35 > 0:45:41- DAVID CAMERON:- What happened on Bloody Sunday was both unjustified and unjustifiable.
0:45:42 > 0:45:46Those words - "unjustified", "unjustifiable" -
0:45:46 > 0:45:47were...
0:45:47 > 0:45:53That five minutes of the speech was what the day was all about.
0:45:53 > 0:45:57'On behalf of the Government, indeed on behalf of our country,
0:45:57 > 0:45:59'I am deeply sorry.'
0:45:59 > 0:46:02CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:46:02 > 0:46:04I remember looking up on the screen and going,
0:46:04 > 0:46:09"He's actually saying what we always wanted to hear," you know?
0:46:09 > 0:46:13I was proud of him, if I want to say it that way.
0:46:13 > 0:46:18I would have been proud of the fact that, as a Prime Minister,
0:46:18 > 0:46:22to say what he said, that no-one else could say,
0:46:22 > 0:46:25I thought quite a lot of him that day, you know?
0:46:25 > 0:46:27And I won't take that away from him,
0:46:27 > 0:46:30and I won't apologise for how I feel about that.
0:46:30 > 0:46:34I was proud of the fact that he was able to apologise.
0:46:34 > 0:46:38Now, again, we didn't need an apology,
0:46:38 > 0:46:41but I think for the British Government,
0:46:41 > 0:46:46even to show the British people, I think he set an example that day.
0:46:49 > 0:46:52I'll tell you what I knew when I heard the roar greeting Cameron.
0:46:52 > 0:46:56I knew on the spot, this is going to be reported
0:46:56 > 0:46:59as the people of Derry cheering David Cameron.
0:46:59 > 0:47:02I said, "That's not the people of Derry cheering David Cameron.
0:47:02 > 0:47:06"That's the people of Derry cheering themselves
0:47:06 > 0:47:09"for having forced this statement from the British Prime Minister."
0:47:09 > 0:47:11That's what was going on there.
0:47:11 > 0:47:14Now, it was the opportunity for the nationalist community
0:47:14 > 0:47:18to respect the British culture and the British Prime Minister,
0:47:18 > 0:47:21so I was a wee bit... I suppose, there was a bit of trepidation there
0:47:21 > 0:47:23as to how he may be received,
0:47:23 > 0:47:26but, I mean, you could have heard a pin drop during the address.
0:47:26 > 0:47:28It was incredible.
0:47:30 > 0:47:32This day wasn't about triumphalism.
0:47:32 > 0:47:34It was about justice,
0:47:34 > 0:47:37it was about drawing a line under an atrocity,
0:47:37 > 0:47:39and it was about the time,
0:47:39 > 0:47:42it was about the city now starting to look ahead.
0:47:44 > 0:47:49Very rare for a politician, in public,
0:47:49 > 0:47:55to say sorry over an issue in Ireland?
0:47:55 > 0:47:56I don't think so.
0:47:56 > 0:47:58There was...
0:47:58 > 0:48:02I mean, the people in there weren't expecting him to say sorry.
0:48:02 > 0:48:07And actually, often that's all that's needed is one...
0:48:07 > 0:48:11"We got it terribly wrong. Not just wrong, but it was a deliberate wrong.
0:48:11 > 0:48:13"And we're sorry."
0:48:15 > 0:48:20The families of those who died should not have had to live with the pain and the hurt of that day,
0:48:20 > 0:48:22and with a lifetime of loss.
0:48:22 > 0:48:24This was a guy who was new,
0:48:24 > 0:48:27hadn't been Prime Minister for more than a month or so,
0:48:27 > 0:48:30seen very much as a public relations man,
0:48:30 > 0:48:31bit of a smoothy chops,
0:48:31 > 0:48:33toff, old Etonian.
0:48:33 > 0:48:37It actually made him in a way that almost nothing else could have done.
0:48:37 > 0:48:42People thought, "Here's a guy, who is actually, when the chips are down, is going to tell us like it is."
0:48:42 > 0:48:45Bloody Sunday was a tragedy for the bereaved and wounded,
0:48:45 > 0:48:48and a catastrophe for the people of Northern Ireland.
0:48:48 > 0:48:52Those are words we cannot and must not ignore.
0:48:52 > 0:48:55The world is going to see David Cameron speaking.
0:48:55 > 0:48:57That's what the world's seen.
0:48:57 > 0:48:59The same as the night of Bloody Sunday,
0:48:59 > 0:49:03they heard a British Government spokesman standing up
0:49:03 > 0:49:05and saying they killed gunmen and bombers.
0:49:05 > 0:49:10The world saw David Cameron standing up and saying they were innocent.
0:49:10 > 0:49:14So, I mean, he couldn't have done it obviously without Saville's report,
0:49:14 > 0:49:17but they're never going to see Saville's report.
0:49:17 > 0:49:20"Unjustified and unjustifiable."
0:49:20 > 0:49:22That was the United Kingdom's
0:49:22 > 0:49:24Prime Minister's comment on the long-awaited report
0:49:24 > 0:49:26on the events of Bloody Sunday.
0:49:26 > 0:49:31David Cameron has apologised for the events of Bloody Sunday
0:49:31 > 0:49:34after the Saville report found that 13 innocent people
0:49:34 > 0:49:37were shot dead by British paratroopers in Londonderry,
0:49:37 > 0:49:39back in 1972.
0:49:44 > 0:49:47Reading the speech, you could see the changes,
0:49:47 > 0:49:52you could see the underlines to make more powerful the word that he was going to say, and so on,
0:49:52 > 0:49:56and what I can say about that is, what was written for him,
0:49:56 > 0:49:59he wasn't, to a degree, still on the day,
0:49:59 > 0:50:03prepared to accept every word of it, what was written for him,
0:50:03 > 0:50:06and that jumped out at me.
0:50:06 > 0:50:10That this guy was prepared to acknowledge what happened,
0:50:10 > 0:50:12and he did it within that speech.
0:50:12 > 0:50:14CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:50:21 > 0:50:24People think, you campaign for 39 years, it's easy.
0:50:24 > 0:50:27It's not easy going. You get a lot of insult.
0:50:27 > 0:50:31You get a lot of abuse over them years, you know,
0:50:31 > 0:50:37and all that comes to that moment in time
0:50:37 > 0:50:40when the British Prime Minister says it was wrong.
0:50:42 > 0:50:44We got downstairs
0:50:44 > 0:50:50and we moved towards the front door of the Guildhall,
0:50:50 > 0:50:54and I remember myself and John standing,
0:50:54 > 0:50:58and I think it might have been John McKinney, as well,
0:50:58 > 0:50:59and we were standing,
0:50:59 > 0:51:01and none of us wanted to go out the door.
0:51:01 > 0:51:02We were all...
0:51:02 > 0:51:05Literally, you could sort of stand at the side of the door
0:51:05 > 0:51:09and nobody could see you, but once you came out past the door,
0:51:09 > 0:51:12everybody could see you and nobody wanted to go out.
0:51:12 > 0:51:14I just turned to John and I says, "John, let's go."
0:51:33 > 0:51:37It was like a thousand birthday parties and Christmas days, all in one.
0:51:37 > 0:51:38Whoo!
0:51:38 > 0:51:40The atmosphere...
0:51:40 > 0:51:42Came out...
0:51:42 > 0:51:45And they cheered and they smiled.
0:51:45 > 0:51:47The sun was shining.
0:51:47 > 0:51:49God, what a day in Derry.
0:51:51 > 0:51:58# ..Someone told me not to cry... #
0:51:58 > 0:52:01I've never seen as much happiness.
0:52:01 > 0:52:08And it wasn't... There was no... There was no sense of, "We're right and you're wrong."
0:52:08 > 0:52:11It was a sense that, aye, we have been proved right,
0:52:11 > 0:52:13the truth's been told.
0:52:13 > 0:52:16People have accepted... This is a new day, new dawn.
0:52:16 > 0:52:19That was that great sense.
0:52:19 > 0:52:21Words can't describe it. You had to be there.
0:52:21 > 0:52:23You had to feel it.
0:52:23 > 0:52:25Jim was murdered.
0:52:25 > 0:52:28Jim was innocent, and to the Derry people,
0:52:28 > 0:52:32the Wray family's gratitude can never be expressed in words alone.
0:52:32 > 0:52:33Thank you.
0:52:35 > 0:52:40It was just as if a big black veil had been lifted over the people of Derry,
0:52:40 > 0:52:44and everybody was exonerated, which was absolutely magic.
0:52:44 > 0:52:47And I'm standing looking and going, "I don't believe this!"
0:52:47 > 0:52:53I am delighted to say Jackie was innocent.
0:52:56 > 0:53:01I finished it off with my tuppence-worth at the end, you know, thanking everybody,
0:53:01 > 0:53:08and I remember, whenever I came to the end of mine, I had to say it!
0:53:08 > 0:53:11We have overcome!
0:53:11 > 0:53:16And we did overcome. We overcame the Establishment, we beat the Establishment.
0:53:16 > 0:53:20Ordinary people, ordinary people beat the Establishment.
0:53:20 > 0:53:26I happened to have in my handbag the original Widgery copy,
0:53:26 > 0:53:30and when everybody had gone through their little bit, and that,
0:53:30 > 0:53:33I don't know, it was a spur-of-the-moment thing...
0:53:33 > 0:53:37'It just seemed the right thing to do, to rip it up.'
0:53:37 > 0:53:40CHEERING AND WHISTLING
0:53:44 > 0:53:50People power that achieved something which everybody had said at the outset was utterly impossible.
0:53:50 > 0:53:54There has never been the like of the Bloody Sunday report,
0:53:54 > 0:53:57there's never been the like of the Bloody Sunday campaign,
0:53:57 > 0:53:59never been the like of the Bloody Sunday families.
0:53:59 > 0:54:01Just terrific people.
0:54:30 > 0:54:33A year on now, the reality of the report...
0:54:33 > 0:54:36I mean, Saville was very, very, very clever.
0:54:36 > 0:54:38His wording throughout,
0:54:38 > 0:54:43I mean, the immediate elation of the day and those statements,
0:54:43 > 0:54:45but, you know, in reading it,
0:54:45 > 0:54:52Saville drew a nearly miraculous line, really!
0:54:52 > 0:54:54A brilliant, brilliant...
0:54:57 > 0:54:59..waving to...
0:54:59 > 0:55:03I think probably keep everybody happy.
0:55:10 > 0:55:12It's a very interesting report.
0:55:12 > 0:55:17I think that it's vindicated the families very much,
0:55:17 > 0:55:19vindicated the victims very much.
0:55:19 > 0:55:23I think the Army got off a little lightly in it.
0:55:25 > 0:55:30I think the day of the issuing of the report was a day when everybody wanted to be magnanimous,
0:55:30 > 0:55:32and everyone was.
0:55:36 > 0:55:39I think there are serious flaws in the Saville report.
0:55:39 > 0:55:42Now, in the immediate aftermath of the publication of Saville,
0:55:42 > 0:55:45it would have been crass
0:55:45 > 0:55:50to begin to cavil at some of the inadequacies of the report.
0:55:50 > 0:55:53There was no mood, no appetite at all to say,
0:55:53 > 0:55:56"Steady on, there are still problems here."
0:55:56 > 0:55:59That's understandable and right. I felt that myself.
0:55:59 > 0:56:02But as I read through the report, I did think that I...
0:56:02 > 0:56:05I think senior British Army officers got off very, very lightly indeed.
0:56:11 > 0:56:14People talk about, "What did I get out of this report?"
0:56:16 > 0:56:18I got what I wanted -
0:56:18 > 0:56:24the first and foremost was the full declaration of innocence for all our people.
0:56:24 > 0:56:27I do believe we have the repudiation of Widgery -
0:56:27 > 0:56:31it's in the bin, end of story, we tore it up, it's gone.
0:56:31 > 0:56:36But the job is not complete until the soldiers are prosecuted
0:56:36 > 0:56:39for what they did to our people.
0:56:41 > 0:56:48The people of Derry, they got caught up in the moment of David Cameron saying sorry,
0:56:48 > 0:56:52declaration of innocence, didn't know all the details, same as us.
0:56:52 > 0:56:56The people of Derry didn't know all the details.
0:56:56 > 0:56:59Since that, they have learnt more and, you know,
0:56:59 > 0:57:01they realise now that, you know,
0:57:01 > 0:57:04that just...the whole truth didn't come out.
0:57:08 > 0:57:13The man who shot my father stands before God already.
0:57:13 > 0:57:16And I don't believe that I can be the judge of him.
0:57:16 > 0:57:18I believe in forgiving him.
0:57:18 > 0:57:22It's not about sweeping anything under the carpet or saying it wasn't wrong -
0:57:22 > 0:57:27it was absolutely wrong and it was absolutely cold-blooded murder -
0:57:27 > 0:57:30but I choose to forgive them, you know?
0:57:30 > 0:57:34And I choose to forgive them in my father's name as well.
0:57:36 > 0:57:40There are times you waken up... I mind wakening up the morning after and thinking,
0:57:40 > 0:57:43"Did this really happen?" You know? And it did.
0:57:43 > 0:57:49My initial thought was, "I don't have to go campaigning any more," you know?
0:57:49 > 0:57:52It was a strange sort of a...
0:57:52 > 0:57:55A sense of relief and, as you say,
0:57:55 > 0:57:58a bit of pride in there, as well, you know?
0:57:58 > 0:58:01- I thought, "Job well done, kid." - Well done.
0:58:03 > 0:58:09If it's used right, and if what goes on from this is positive,
0:58:09 > 0:58:14Bloody Sunday can become a great healing force.
0:58:14 > 0:58:17We have seen some bits of that already, you know,
0:58:17 > 0:58:23and wouldn't that be a great epitaph to those that lost their life that day?
0:58:23 > 0:58:26That what was an awful, brutal, you know, assault and tragedy
0:58:26 > 0:58:30could be transformed into something
0:58:30 > 0:58:32that could be the start of a great healing process.
0:58:32 > 0:58:36That's what my wish would be anyway...you know?
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