0:00:19 > 0:00:24Hello and welcome to the One Show with Alex Jones.And Matt Baker. In
0:00:24 > 0:00:28the week we are celebrating women getting the vote, we are joined by
0:00:28 > 0:00:31somebody we think would have made the argument wittily and chucked the
0:00:31 > 0:00:38odd brick if necessary. Maureen Lipman!If she did, she would --
0:00:38 > 0:00:42George would have gone gently on her. The former judge Martin with
0:00:42 > 0:00:49us.Today's trailblazer for women, who left school at 16 to triumph in
0:00:49 > 0:00:55the male dominated world of tech, Dr Sue Black.
0:00:57 > 0:01:00Sue Black. Maureen, you might have bought back this week to what sort
0:01:00 > 0:01:03of campaign you might have been back in the day. What do you think? Would
0:01:03 > 0:01:12you have been strapped down, tied to it?
0:01:12 > 0:01:19it?#metoo! I think that I would have been good on the hustings, but
0:01:19 > 0:01:24bad in the jail.Right.The torture and for speeding, I would have told
0:01:24 > 0:01:31them anything and give a vote to the men. -- the force feeding. It's so
0:01:31 > 0:01:35cruel, when you think about what happened and what they did in our
0:01:35 > 0:01:38name, and its political action.Yes, some of the posters we showed last
0:01:38 > 0:01:45night, jaw-dropping.
0:01:45 > 0:01:49night, jaw-dropping. Sue, how would you have reacted?I am active on
0:01:49 > 0:01:52social media, and that wasn't here then, but I would have tried to work
0:01:52 > 0:01:56out how to use technology to get the message across and get everyone
0:01:56 > 0:02:02involved.On the same day in 1918, Martin, working-class men were given
0:02:02 > 0:02:07the vote as well. Are you aware of the first voters in your family?I
0:02:07 > 0:02:10don't know whether they voted or not but my grandparents, I think they
0:02:10 > 0:02:17were married by then. My grandfather was a gunsmith, and my grandmother
0:02:17 > 0:02:22was a bit of a goodtime girl.We like the sound of her!
0:02:22 > 0:02:27LAUGHTER We're going to give you an idea of
0:02:27 > 0:02:30what's going to be happening as we take off for the rest of the show.
0:02:30 > 0:02:34Assisting us is Lucy, who will be gathering little plastic knives and
0:02:34 > 0:02:40forks for us.There will be an entertaining cabin announcement from
0:02:40 > 0:02:46Gyles.And Jess Glynne and Rudimental, whose new single is
0:02:46 > 0:02:50heading for the top. Let's start with a story from Joe which I knew
0:02:50 > 0:02:54nothing about, but which is causing a lot of anxiety among families and
0:02:54 > 0:02:59putting real pressure on one of our biggest companies to change policy.
0:02:59 > 0:03:04That's right. Most of us have Facebook accounts, 2.1 billion
0:03:04 > 0:03:09people on earth have one, but what happens to it when we die? How much
0:03:09 > 0:03:14access and our families get to it? All of that personal content, those
0:03:14 > 0:03:23photos and messages, they can be of comfort to those left behind.
0:03:23 > 0:03:26comfort to those left behind.Jenny was beautiful. She was funny, brave,
0:03:26 > 0:03:33she was the light of my life.
0:03:33 > 0:03:35she was the light of my life.Toby was sporty, energetic, but also
0:03:35 > 0:03:40very, very kind and generous.Amanda lost her 19-year-old daughter Jenny
0:03:40 > 0:03:46to cancer last year. Christine's son, Toby, was 17 when he died
0:03:46 > 0:03:53suddenly three years ago. Like most teenagers, both were very active on
0:03:53 > 0:03:57Facebook. Jenny had two pages, a personal one and a business one
0:03:57 > 0:04:02showcasing her talent for hair and make up.She didn't want social
0:04:02 > 0:04:07media to be closed.After Toby died, Christine logged onto his Facebook
0:04:07 > 0:04:14to message friends and family and print old photos.There were times I
0:04:14 > 0:04:20wanted to indulge myself in Toby's world.Both families plan to keep
0:04:20 > 0:04:23their late children's Facebook accounts active but, within weeks of
0:04:23 > 0:04:28their deaths, both Amanda and Christine made the same upsetting
0:04:28 > 0:04:35discovery.I logged on and found this remembering Jenny. Her whole
0:04:35 > 0:04:42make up page was raised.Without the family's knowledge, Facebook had
0:04:42 > 0:04:47memorialised the account and hit the make up page. Both mothers could
0:04:47 > 0:04:51still see posts on their profiles but they couldn't access messenger
0:04:51 > 0:04:57or communicate with their children's friends.That's not what she wanted.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00Even though she's dead, I need to look after her and try and make
0:05:00 > 0:05:07things how she wanted.I found it so comforting and important to remember
0:05:07 > 0:05:12him that the thought of having lost it for ever was really quite scary.
0:05:12 > 0:05:19Neither Amanda nor Christine have any idea who informed Facebook, so
0:05:19 > 0:05:22how easy is it for anyone to memorialised in account without the
0:05:22 > 0:05:27family's permission? We've set up a dummy account and I'm going to try
0:05:27 > 0:05:32and memorialised it and, when I request that, I get three boxes,
0:05:32 > 0:05:39one, who passed away, two, when they passed away, and the third box is
0:05:39 > 0:05:43optional, and it's proof of death. But there isn't a box to say who I
0:05:43 > 0:05:47am or what my relationship is with the deceased. Within hours, I get an
0:05:47 > 0:05:55e-mail from Facebook asking for a scan or photo from evicting, or
0:05:55 > 0:06:00other paperwork confirming the death. But is this thorough enough?
0:06:00 > 0:06:05Solicitor Gary Rycroft specialises in the digital assets of the
0:06:05 > 0:06:09deceased.Anybody could get hold of a death certificate. If we are
0:06:09 > 0:06:12talking at financial assets like a bank account, the bank would be very
0:06:12 > 0:06:16strict about who they release the money is too, but Facebook seem to
0:06:16 > 0:06:21be being quite lax about who they allow to make very important
0:06:21 > 0:06:28decisions.If your loved one dies, if you are the next of kin and you
0:06:28 > 0:06:32decide you don't want their Facebook account to be memorialised, and
0:06:32 > 0:06:37Facebook allow somebody else to come in and override those wishes, can
0:06:37 > 0:06:40you imagine how frustrating and painful that would be? I want to
0:06:40 > 0:06:45know why Facebook memorialised accounts and whether they will
0:06:45 > 0:06:50restore Jenny in Toby's. Public policy manager just even speaks to
0:06:50 > 0:06:55meet from California.
0:06:56 > 0:07:01meet from California.We memorialise accounts to secure the security,
0:07:01 > 0:07:05legacy and privacy of the person who passed.What if the family don't
0:07:05 > 0:07:13want the account memorialised? Family or friends request
0:07:13 > 0:07:18memorialisation put often we can't reach the next of kin in the
0:07:18 > 0:07:21circumstances.Will you change your policy to allow the next of kin to
0:07:21 > 0:07:29have more say?We think our policies are in the right place and people
0:07:29 > 0:07:36are aware of how we approach this very sensitive topic.But you can't
0:07:36 > 0:07:41offer these families any hope comfort today? You're not going to
0:07:41 > 0:07:51change these accounts?We are not going to get rid of the
0:07:51 > 0:07:55memorialisation of these counts but we are in touch with the families.
0:07:55 > 0:08:02So it's a firm no from Facebook, but you have some news.She talked about
0:08:02 > 0:08:06possible solutions, which relates to Amanda, who we saw, her request for
0:08:06 > 0:08:10them to restore her daughter, Jenny's make up page. Her daughter
0:08:10 > 0:08:13was a make-up artist and she also had a business page. That was raised
0:08:13 > 0:08:19after her death and she is trying to get it recovered, all of the posts
0:08:19 > 0:08:22and photos. They have said they will make her an advent of the page,
0:08:22 > 0:08:29giving her some control, but blimey, to do that, they sent quite a
0:08:29 > 0:08:34complicated e-mail with jargon and legal terms she has to get signed
0:08:34 > 0:08:37off by Notary Public, she has to give a declaration under penalty of
0:08:37 > 0:08:43perjury that it's all true.What does that even...She looked at that
0:08:43 > 0:08:48e-mail, she read it several times and she was baffled. She sent any
0:08:48 > 0:08:53more back saying, please can you repeat that in plain English. -- she
0:08:53 > 0:08:58sent an e-mail back. I think she'd accuse Facebook a bit insensitive.
0:08:58 > 0:09:03It was hard to understand what they wanted. As yet, the page hasn't been
0:09:03 > 0:09:07restored, and I don't think there was any guarantee that, even if she
0:09:07 > 0:09:12becomes an admin on that page, that all of the material from before
0:09:12 > 0:09:16we'll be back there. It's not particularly satisfying.But there
0:09:16 > 0:09:21is something people can do if they use Facebook, which I'm sure will be
0:09:21 > 0:09:27of interest.Yes, Facebook are keen that everybody knows about this,
0:09:27 > 0:09:30because it's quite a recent development, and that is having a
0:09:30 > 0:09:33legacy contact, somebody that will look after your account or your
0:09:33 > 0:09:38memorialised page after death. Do that, we can show you a video. You
0:09:38 > 0:09:43go onto the settings, you go to general, and you can click at the
0:09:43 > 0:09:47bottom of those on legacy contact, and type in the name of somebody on
0:09:47 > 0:09:50Facebook you would like to manage this account, and a message will pop
0:09:50 > 0:09:56up. Or you could have a human conversation saying what you have
0:09:56 > 0:10:01done. That's all very well. A legacy contact can change the photo or
0:10:01 > 0:10:05cover photo on a memorialised account, they can answer some friend
0:10:05 > 0:10:09requests, they might be able to pin a post at the top of the page
0:10:09 > 0:10:13depending on the privacy settings, and they can apply for an account to
0:10:13 > 0:10:16be completely removed. That's something, but it doesn't help what
0:10:16 > 0:10:21the mothers in our film were talking about, which is that, if you don't
0:10:21 > 0:10:25want your account memorialised, or your loved one's account
0:10:25 > 0:10:29memorialised, being a legacy contact, you can't stop that as a
0:10:29 > 0:10:31family member, you will have arranged the funeral and dumpy
0:10:31 > 0:10:37personal things, and you might have wishes for the account, like not
0:10:37 > 0:10:39having it memorialised, and yet somebody who didn't know the person
0:10:39 > 0:10:44who died or who sat next of 15 years ago can get in touch with Facebook
0:10:44 > 0:10:49and they are dead, can you memorialise it and that is why these
0:10:49 > 0:10:52months are saying it is a bit insensitive and there is not a good
0:10:52 > 0:11:01solution. -- these mums are saying. You are a grandmother and you work
0:11:01 > 0:11:06in IT first what do you make of this?We are in a new situation
0:11:06 > 0:11:09because this kind of thing has only been happening for a few years. When
0:11:09 > 0:11:17I was a teenager, we didn't have Facebook. Technology is bringing up
0:11:17 > 0:11:20all of these different situations that we have got to deal with
0:11:20 > 0:11:24on-the-fly. Nobody really knows what is the best thing to do because we
0:11:24 > 0:11:30haven't been there before. Myself, what I'd like, I've got a massive
0:11:30 > 0:11:33presence on social media, particularly Twitter, which I love,
0:11:33 > 0:11:37and the thought that somebody else would be in control of my account,
0:11:37 > 0:11:41even a loved one, how would they know what they wanted? I think it
0:11:41 > 0:11:44would be better if the social media set up a facility where we can say
0:11:44 > 0:11:50what we wanted. I'd happily sit for half an hour and think about, what I
0:11:50 > 0:11:54would happen to Mike Twitter and Facebook account when I die? Maybe I
0:11:54 > 0:11:58would pass it over to somebody else but maybe something else, but it
0:11:58 > 0:12:05would be up to me because it is my content.Did you say you can get rid
0:12:05 > 0:12:09of it yourself?The legacy contact can apply to have it removed, the
0:12:09 > 0:12:12whole page, if they want to. But I think the point you are making is
0:12:12 > 0:12:17good. Ultimately, people who want different things. It's a sensitive
0:12:17 > 0:12:21subject and Facebook admit that, the scale they are at, it's difficult
0:12:21 > 0:12:26for them not have a one size fits all model, and they are grappling
0:12:26 > 0:12:30with that. To be fair to them, they have to try and protect the privacy
0:12:30 > 0:12:34of people who have died. They don't necessarily want everybody going in
0:12:34 > 0:12:41and reading their little children's account's messages.Thank you.
0:12:41 > 0:12:46Maureen and Martin are co-starring in a play called The Best Man.
0:12:46 > 0:12:51Martin, you've been touring around the country with this. Maureen, it
0:12:51 > 0:12:56seems you are stepping in as it approaches the West End. Are you
0:12:56 > 0:13:01taking some of the glory?I like to try and do that! No, Gemma Jones
0:13:01 > 0:13:09played it on the tour, and Gemma has got a great television role. Isn't
0:13:09 > 0:13:15it Gore Vidal who said it isn't enough to succeed, others must fail?
0:13:15 > 0:13:19Anyway... LAUGHTER
0:13:19 > 0:13:24So I have 12 seconds to refers this play. What you'll make it work,
0:13:24 > 0:13:31Mauren. I just like the play. It is a small cameo but it's really witty
0:13:31 > 0:13:38and slightly deadly. It's sort of political, but very much to do with
0:13:38 > 0:13:43the kind of thing that we now read about all the time. I imagine, in
0:13:43 > 0:13:501960, they didn't bring it here. They didn't think audience wizard
0:13:50 > 0:13:55like it.Or so, America back then was a different planet. -- audiences
0:13:55 > 0:14:01would like it. You have Sky or Netflix. On the subject of it being
0:14:01 > 0:14:05a cameo, Angela Lansbury played it on Broadway, so it's a very
0:14:05 > 0:14:10significant part.For people who don't know the play, it's called The
0:14:10 > 0:14:13Best Man, and there two main figures, but the pivotal role is to
0:14:13 > 0:14:19you, Maureen.No, it's down to the ex-president. I'm just one of those
0:14:19 > 0:14:23women who hang about politicians. Her husband has kind of died
0:14:23 > 0:14:29somewhere where she is out fiddling. She walks in and says to the wise,
0:14:29 > 0:14:37keep your head grey go blonder, do this. She just thinks she is
0:14:37 > 0:14:45speaking for the women. And that's why she thinks she is power.She is
0:14:45 > 0:14:48absolutely vital for the candidates vying for the nomination, because
0:14:48 > 0:14:53they might not take her seriously as a person, but as a political
0:14:53 > 0:14:58objective she is vital because, without her support and, by
0:14:58 > 0:15:03extension, the women's support, they are in trouble.It's about two
0:15:03 > 0:15:06candidates for the Republican nomination. We think one of them is
0:15:06 > 0:15:13dead straight and the other one is not, but actually it pivots
0:15:13 > 0:15:17absolutely on a sixpence, doesn't it?It does, it raises what I think
0:15:17 > 0:15:21is an important question for everybody interested in politics and
0:15:21 > 0:15:27who watches the news, do you want somebody who has integrity, who is
0:15:27 > 0:15:31very, very clever and witty, a really good man, or do you want
0:15:31 > 0:15:34somebody who is none of those things and is likely to get the job done
0:15:34 > 0:15:40western rock I guess, which two western politicians did that? It's
0:15:40 > 0:15:46very easy to dismiss the mendacious and go for the attractive and
0:15:46 > 0:15:50intellectual, but then you have to ask this question, the real politic
0:15:50 > 0:15:54question. Who is going to protect us and do the job? I know which way I
0:15:54 > 0:16:03would go.Which one are you?Take a wild guess!I think you trusted one.
0:16:03 > 0:16:10Check out the hair!
0:16:10 > 0:16:16You said that there is a lot of political dramas on TV. Are you a
0:16:16 > 0:16:26fan of things like House Of Cards? And all of that stuff.I am a big
0:16:26 > 0:16:33fan of Veep. Anything with a strong female lead.We nearly had a strong
0:16:33 > 0:16:38female lead in America.Too strong for 52% of the population in
0:16:38 > 0:16:46America. Half of the American public don't read newspapers, half of the
0:16:46 > 0:16:51American public don't even vote for the presidency, fortunately it's the
0:16:51 > 0:16:53same half, he said. CHUCKLES
0:16:53 > 0:16:58There is a lot of those witty one-liners in the show.It's very
0:16:58 > 0:17:09funny. It has some relationship stuff in it, as well. My character
0:17:09 > 0:17:15isn't perfect. He is a bit of a womaniser.It is a stretch for
0:17:15 > 0:17:20Martin.We did a bit of digging, talking of relationships, we
0:17:20 > 0:17:25realised you two have known each other for a long time, since 1964.
0:17:25 > 0:17:31Then we realised, Maureen, you used to date Martin's flatmate, didn't
0:17:31 > 0:17:36you?I'm not sure date is the word. I wouldn't go that far.
0:17:36 > 0:17:46CHUCKLES What's the story?Martin shared a
0:17:46 > 0:17:53flat with Brian Cox, the actor, not the other one. I went round there
0:17:53 > 0:18:02one night for a nice cup of tea. LAUGHTER
0:18:02 > 0:18:11Brian came in. I knew he had a soft spot for me.A bit? He was wild!
0:18:11 > 0:18:14Anyway, I got under the sofa, once I was there he started to talk about
0:18:14 > 0:18:21me, I couldn't get out, and he hasn't spoken to me for 35 years. I
0:18:21 > 0:18:25only just got him talking to me, but he won't speak to me again now!
0:18:25 > 0:18:29Don't worry, he's in New York at the moment. You can see Maureen and
0:18:29 > 0:18:34Martin in The Best Man at the Playhouse in London from Saturday
0:18:34 > 0:18:38the 24th of February. Last night we asked women to read
0:18:38 > 0:18:42the words of politicians who argued that giving the vote to women would
0:18:42 > 0:18:46be a disaster. I particularly loved this line... Nigellisima the
0:18:46 > 0:18:50interests of women are perfectly safe in the hands of men.
0:18:54 > 0:19:01The interests of women up a fairly safe in the hands of men.Tonight we
0:19:01 > 0:19:13can hear the words of the argument that won the day from 100 years ago.
0:19:19 > 0:19:26Women, your country needs you. We are starting a revolution.We've
0:19:26 > 0:19:29waited too long for political justice. We refuse to wait any
0:19:29 > 0:19:39longer.Those that obey the law... Should have a voice to make them.
0:19:39 > 0:19:46There is not a single question in this country that touches meant that
0:19:46 > 0:19:52doesn't also touch women.And here as a person who -- I am here as a
0:19:52 > 0:20:00person who is of no value to the community at all.Kill me or give me
0:20:00 > 0:20:04my freedom, else I'll force you to make that choice.We belong to every
0:20:04 > 0:20:10class.From the highest to the lowest.Sufferance is the badge of
0:20:10 > 0:20:15all of our tribe.I have come to ask you all to help win this fight.If
0:20:15 > 0:20:21we win it this hardest of all fight...Then in the future it'll
0:20:21 > 0:20:25make it easier...For women all over the world to win fight when their
0:20:25 > 0:20:30time comes.You've got to make more noise than anybody else.We've got
0:20:30 > 0:20:33to make ourselves more obtrusive than anybody else.Let show
0:20:33 > 0:20:42ourselves worthy of citizenship.We will be recognised.Women are human
0:20:42 > 0:20:52beings.We are half the human race. We want to free the other half.
0:20:52 > 0:20:58Trust in God, she will provide.I know that women, once convinced they
0:20:58 > 0:21:04are doing what's right...That their rebellion is just.We'll go on.No
0:21:04 > 0:21:10matter what the difficulties.No matter what the dangers.So long as
0:21:10 > 0:21:15there is a woman alive...To hold up the flag of rebellion...To have
0:21:15 > 0:21:20courage everywhere.It is a voice that cannot be denied.
0:21:20 > 0:21:27APPLAUSE
0:21:27 > 0:21:33Gives you goose bumps, doesn't it? Sue, you had an incredible life, and
0:21:33 > 0:21:37an inspirational career which we will talk about in a few moments.
0:21:37 > 0:21:40But when you see that little girl in the film you think back to what you
0:21:40 > 0:21:45were like at that age. What were your dreams then?I've always been a
0:21:45 > 0:21:51geek.It has worked well for you, to be fair.It has now.
0:21:51 > 0:21:56CHUCKLES Are used to save up my pocket money
0:21:56 > 0:21:59to buy maths textbooks because that was the most exciting thing I could
0:21:59 > 0:22:03think about spending my money on. But when I was six I wanted to be a
0:22:03 > 0:22:08big London bus driver. That was my dream. I was always excited to live
0:22:08 > 0:22:12in London. It is great that I do now. I don't know, was excited about
0:22:12 > 0:22:17driving. Driving in London bus seems like the ideal job.It's never too
0:22:17 > 0:22:22late to do your bus license. Alex has got hers. Enough about me.
0:22:22 > 0:22:26Let's take you back to the beginning. Your career path has been
0:22:26 > 0:22:31unusual, it is fair to say. Right back at the start, this is you as a
0:22:31 > 0:22:37little baby. Even though you were obsessed with maths you left school
0:22:37 > 0:22:42at 16 and you left home. What was your situation at the time?
0:22:42 > 0:22:46Unfortunately my mum died when was quite young. My dad remarried. I
0:22:46 > 0:22:52wasn't happy in the new family. As soon as I was 16 I left home. I was
0:22:52 > 0:22:56travelling 50 miles to school every day because I went to the grammar
0:22:56 > 0:23:01school. After I left home I had to work in the week and evenings as a
0:23:01 > 0:23:05waitress. Trying to go to school, start my A-levels, all of the
0:23:05 > 0:23:09travelling, work, everything, I just got too tired. I would fall asleep
0:23:09 > 0:23:15at school. My dream of going to university disappeared them. I left
0:23:15 > 0:23:18school, started working, I worked for several years. I moved to
0:23:18 > 0:23:23London, didn't drive a bus, but moved to London, started a life
0:23:23 > 0:23:29here. I got married at 20. I had my first daughter, Emma, 21, and at 23
0:23:29 > 0:23:34had twins, so ended up with three small children at the age of 23. It
0:23:34 > 0:23:39was great, but it was obviously hard work for anyone who has had three
0:23:39 > 0:23:45under three will know. My marriage broke down. I ended up in a refuge
0:23:45 > 0:23:50with my children. We were there six months. Then we got a council flat
0:23:50 > 0:23:56in Brixton. Started our lives again when I was 25. I got the twins into
0:23:56 > 0:23:59a playgroup, got my daughter into reception at the local school and I
0:23:59 > 0:24:03was thinking what am I going to do with the rest of my life? I knew if
0:24:03 > 0:24:09I went out to try and get a job, I didn't have many qualifications, so
0:24:09 > 0:24:13I would be on minimum wage, and that would not be enough to even pay for
0:24:13 > 0:24:17childcare. I thought back to the fact I wanted to go to university,
0:24:17 > 0:24:21wanted to get an education. I thought maybe this offers me the
0:24:21 > 0:24:26answer. I went along to the local college, Southwark College, did a
0:24:26 > 0:24:31maths course, night school in the evenings. That went well. I went on
0:24:31 > 0:24:36to university, did computer science, as a degree. Then went on and did a
0:24:36 > 0:24:43Ph.D.. Became a lecturer. I've been in academia for 20 years.You have
0:24:43 > 0:24:47to be incredibly strong willed to do that with three children under
0:24:47 > 0:24:55three.You just have to keep going, really. As I get older...Will you
0:24:55 > 0:25:02teach me how to unlock my computer? I certainly will.You cast the net
0:25:02 > 0:25:08in 1998 to help other women as far as IT was concerned. Tech mums.
0:25:08 > 0:25:11Everything has developed from there. When did you recognise the gap
0:25:11 > 0:25:15between mums and IT? And that was really important, especially then,
0:25:15 > 0:25:22and now.I saw that in the media technology is portrayed as a
0:25:22 > 0:25:25negative thing. Lots of negative stories in the press about bad
0:25:25 > 0:25:29things happening to do with technology. I always loved
0:25:29 > 0:25:34technology. I wanted to show the positive side. Having talked
0:25:34 > 0:25:38computing in university for 20 years, wanted everybody to realise
0:25:38 > 0:25:42the benefits of technology. Just from understanding simple things
0:25:42 > 0:25:47like basic app design, web design. Everybody can have a go at it. It
0:25:47 > 0:25:51isn't very complicated. But lots of people think they cannot do it.
0:25:51 > 0:25:55Coding is being taught in schools now. The next generation are sorted.
0:25:55 > 0:26:00But you are focusing on that missed generation.I think it's really
0:26:00 > 0:26:04important to get the parents on board. Specifically mums. When I
0:26:04 > 0:26:08started doing things with kids six years ago I wanted to get kids into
0:26:08 > 0:26:13coding, so that's great that is happening. We ran workshops with
0:26:13 > 0:26:17seven-year-olds at my daughter's school. When I tried to encourage
0:26:17 > 0:26:20the parents in at the end of the session I just noticed that in
0:26:20 > 0:26:25general the dads would step in and have a go and the mums would be,
0:26:25 > 0:26:29like, I'm not sure if that is for me. That sparked something in my
0:26:29 > 0:26:34head. You know? Why don't I do something for mums. Build their
0:26:34 > 0:26:37confidence. Get them on board. Because it won't just affect them,
0:26:37 > 0:26:42it'll affect the kids, the home, and the mums will go out and tell
0:26:42 > 0:26:45everybody, so that will affect the community. For me it is about
0:26:45 > 0:26:51changing it. I don't know if you know the Little Britain sketch,
0:26:51 > 0:26:58computer says no, change that from no to yes.What about old people? I
0:26:58 > 0:27:03haven't understood a word! When you have to keep repeating the same
0:27:03 > 0:27:10things. Copy and paste.That is what we teach. Nobody knows how to do it.
0:27:10 > 0:27:14I have a Ph.D. In software engineering I don't know how to do
0:27:14 > 0:27:17everything involved with that. Nobody does. It is about building
0:27:17 > 0:27:21confidence. Doing basic things and gradually becoming more and more
0:27:21 > 0:27:25confident. Realising you can type things into a search engine now.
0:27:25 > 0:27:33Someone else will have tried to solve the problem you have now.You
0:27:33 > 0:27:39two are ideal together.We will have a session afterwards.That can
0:27:39 > 0:27:44continue for the next 45 minutes. The average household throws £470
0:27:44 > 0:27:48worth of food away every year. At the same time almost one in four
0:27:48 > 0:27:52parents skip meals to make ends meet according to an anti-poverty
0:27:52 > 0:27:54charity. That has led to the spread of
0:27:54 > 0:27:57something called the sharing economy which allows people with extra food
0:27:57 > 0:28:02to pass it on to those going short. And where do they leave it? Well, in
0:28:02 > 0:28:08the People's fridge. This is the People's fridge. But
0:28:08 > 0:28:15what is it?It's a community fridge. We take surplus food that would
0:28:15 > 0:28:21otherwise go to waste and we allow anyone to come along and take it.It
0:28:21 > 0:28:26was unveiled earlier this year after a successful crowdfunding campaign
0:28:26 > 0:28:32raised over £2000. It's one of about 50 community fridge is in the UK.
0:28:32 > 0:28:40This one is at Pop Brixton. It is run entirely by volunteers, such as
0:28:40 > 0:28:44Brixton local Benn, the co-founder of the fridge.If you stand by it
0:28:44 > 0:28:49for a length of time you see people come up, look at it, look in, think,
0:28:49 > 0:28:53I could eat that, would that really go in the bin?Who is using the
0:28:53 > 0:28:58fridge?An awful lot of people using the fridge are what we call the
0:28:58 > 0:29:03working poor. They have jobs, but they are balancing lots of costs,
0:29:03 > 0:29:06rising rents, rising prices come against wages that have not kept
0:29:06 > 0:29:13pace with it. They come down. If you take a few peppers out of here, and
0:29:13 > 0:29:18aubergine, you are saving money. Food thanks to an amazing job. But
0:29:18 > 0:29:24they are not open everyday and they don't have all types of food. --
0:29:24 > 0:29:28banks do an amazing job. This doesn't solve that problem but it is
0:29:28 > 0:29:31part of a group of initiatives that can help give people food when they
0:29:31 > 0:29:36are the mice might be hungry.One of those who regularly donate is at
0:29:36 > 0:29:42frost. Today he is dropping off some sweet treats.I think bringing cakes
0:29:42 > 0:29:45and pastries, you know, as much as you need your daily nutrients,
0:29:45 > 0:29:48sometimes you want a smile on your face and a bit of sweetness can take
0:29:48 > 0:29:54it a long way.The fridge runs on a judgment free basis. Anyone can
0:29:54 > 0:29:58donate, anyone can take, the only rules are that you cannot donate raw
0:29:58 > 0:30:02food, open food, or alcohol. The fridge is used throughout the day
0:30:02 > 0:30:09and people's stories are as varied as the food they choose.
0:30:09 > 0:30:16We run a suit kitchen and we offer services to less formulas people.
0:30:16 > 0:30:20People can come and get a meal, a hot drink, just be saved for the
0:30:20 > 0:30:29day. This food will help people in need.Ironic boxing club -- I run a
0:30:29 > 0:30:36boxing club. I am running a programme teaching the kids how to
0:30:36 > 0:30:42eat healthy foods and showing them about nutrition and diet.I am a
0:30:42 > 0:30:45local resident involved in the community. When I heard about this
0:30:45 > 0:30:50idea to make a French happen in London, in Brixton, I thought it was
0:30:50 > 0:30:57a great idea.This is Bruce. He's been using the fridge since it
0:30:57 > 0:31:02started.I come to the fridge three or four times a week. I'm going to
0:31:02 > 0:31:05take some little satsumas for snacking on and I've also seen there
0:31:05 > 0:31:11is quite a lot of mushrooms. Sell by date has gone, and if they are there
0:31:11 > 0:31:14for too long, they'll be wasted, but that'll be nice to fry up for a
0:31:14 > 0:31:21snack.Semi retired Bruce lives in a nearby housing co-operative. The
0:31:21 > 0:31:26fridge helps with his day-to-day life.Worked in the NHS for a few
0:31:26 > 0:31:32decades. In receipt of a small pension, about £500 a month. The
0:31:32 > 0:31:37fridge is an act of generosity, a kindness, people giving something
0:31:37 > 0:31:40they don't want to go to waste, to go to landfill, and they give it to
0:31:40 > 0:31:47anybody that wants, who is hungry. Rather than thinking, what shall I
0:31:47 > 0:31:52have for lunch, you think, maybe there will be something in the
0:31:52 > 0:31:58fridge? It saves money from it makes it more sustainable.It seems it's
0:31:58 > 0:32:01all about those little acts of generosity that can have a huge
0:32:01 > 0:32:09effect on the local community. That's amazing. Brilliant.And they
0:32:09 > 0:32:15are really taking off.They are, brilliant idea, and there are 29 now
0:32:15 > 0:32:20across the country and a further 18 scheduled for 2018. If you want to
0:32:20 > 0:32:24find out where your nearest one is, we'll have a link on the website to
0:32:24 > 0:32:30find that out. Excellent idea. When you think there is free food and
0:32:30 > 0:32:34restaurant industry in the UK throws away £3 billion of food, so it is
0:32:34 > 0:32:41needed.If you do it, let us know that you have taken the initiative.
0:32:41 > 0:32:45And accessible to homeless people? Yes, anybody that goes in there.Not
0:32:45 > 0:32:57to sleep in, Martin.Oh!You can help yourself.Yes.You are our
0:32:57 > 0:33:02plastics queen, and very much in the news.Yes, such a big story and it
0:33:02 > 0:33:07goes on being a big story. Here is a picture we saw this week of a diver
0:33:07 > 0:33:12surrounded by plastic in the Indian Ocean. That is horrific, a really
0:33:12 > 0:33:22horrible image.It's just sad.It brings it home.It does. I'm
0:33:22 > 0:33:26starting the depressing stuff this week, so an important study on
0:33:26 > 0:33:29microplastics, the tiny bits of plastic that fragment, this week
0:33:29 > 0:33:37concludes they are a major threat to filter feeding animals like whales
0:33:37 > 0:33:43and Holly Hampsheir. These get into plankton, and now this 171 pieces
0:33:43 > 0:33:48per day being ingested by those big ocean mammals. -- filter feeding
0:33:48 > 0:33:55animals like whales and rays. By 2050, unless we went out ways, there
0:33:55 > 0:34:01will be more plastic in the ocean Dan Fish.More plastic than fish?
0:34:01 > 0:34:07Yes, unless we revolutionise how we operate with plastic. And we have
0:34:07 > 0:34:11some good news. I like to bring some. Asda the retailer announced a
0:34:11 > 0:34:17suite of measures, and they will be cutting down on plastic packaging.
0:34:17 > 0:34:21This includes scrapping the 5p bad altogether by 2018, so that's gone,
0:34:21 > 0:34:27and removing 10% of plastic from its own brand packaging in the next
0:34:27 > 0:34:32year.That's good.Friends of the Earth don't think it's good enough.
0:34:32 > 0:34:38No, it's not, stop it!Iceland the retailer has pledged to stop it in
0:34:38 > 0:34:42five years. To get rid of it altogether. Friends of the Earth say
0:34:42 > 0:34:50Asda should raise the bar.OK.I've been in Iceland, the retailer,
0:34:50 > 0:34:53finding out whether the claims stand up, and I hope to show you more on
0:34:53 > 0:35:00that next week.The viewers have come with suggestions of how we can
0:35:00 > 0:35:08reduce the use of plastic.Every week, more comes in. Land Rosie make
0:35:08 > 0:35:13reusable shopping bags, and this is Morsbags, created from donated
0:35:13 > 0:35:19fabric. -- Claire and Rosie. Even Prince Charles has donated some used
0:35:19 > 0:35:27that and!They will hefty bags! Good-quality curtains.
0:35:27 > 0:35:29Good-quality curtains.So excited about this, please put it in your
0:35:29 > 0:35:34diary, it's a big beach clean week in April, and we need to get as many
0:35:34 > 0:35:38people out there as possible. You can sign up or even offer to be in
0:35:38 > 0:35:47charge of one via surfers against sewage. Last year, they had 25,000
0:35:47 > 0:35:51people turning out. Next year, let's double it. There is over 2500
0:35:51 > 0:35:55beaches around the UK and let's get a team on each one.Brilliant thing
0:35:55 > 0:36:03to do, the camaraderie.Yes, it's fun.Is there a plant in Swindon
0:36:03 > 0:36:10where they are going to be cycle all of it? Isn't that the answer, proper
0:36:10 > 0:36:15recycling of everything?It's hard, because we are using such volume, so
0:36:15 > 0:36:18we need a mixture, some recycling, but we need to phase it out as much
0:36:18 > 0:36:23as possible.On that note, Maureen, keep watching the One Show! I'll
0:36:23 > 0:36:30drop you a text before the night. If you need further reason to take
0:36:30 > 0:36:33better care of our waterways, I give you these extremely clever
0:36:33 > 0:36:39creatures. Over the years, the One Show has
0:36:39 > 0:36:45seen just how intelligent animals can be, with a series of challenging
0:36:45 > 0:36:48tasks, from weasels tackling an obstacle course to goldfish playing
0:36:48 > 0:36:54football, and even an octopus unlocking an underwater camera case.
0:36:54 > 0:36:58Today, we are hoping to challenge this family of otters with this vast
0:36:58 > 0:37:02array of puzzles. Scientists have seen otters in the wild using stones
0:37:02 > 0:37:08as tools. Here at Newquay zoo in Cornwall, a group of researchers
0:37:08 > 0:37:12from Exeter has been carrying out a set of challenges to see how capable
0:37:12 > 0:37:16otters can be. As otters are endangered in the wild, this
0:37:16 > 0:37:20research could help when releasing captive bred otters, as they will be
0:37:20 > 0:37:24able to know if they can teach essential survival skills. This
0:37:24 > 0:37:29doctor has been leading the study. Most people think of otters from the
0:37:29 > 0:37:36sea, and they use shells to bash shell fish and get the boot.This
0:37:36 > 0:37:40tool use has been studied in animals like dolphins and chips and
0:37:40 > 0:37:44scientists know the information on how to use them is passed down to
0:37:44 > 0:37:53parents -- offspring.Do baby otters learn from their parents?They have
0:37:53 > 0:37:5713 Asian short clawed otters, three adults, four juveniles arrived a
0:37:57 > 0:38:03year old, and six pups aged three months. To test them, students
0:38:03 > 0:38:07designed several different food challenges with varying difficulty.
0:38:07 > 0:38:10For the last few days, they put different tasks into the enclosure
0:38:10 > 0:38:16and observed. Ellie helped to create some of the puzzles.This is the
0:38:16 > 0:38:20simplest one and you have to pull out the Hague or put a poor through
0:38:20 > 0:38:24it to get a needle inside. This one is harder, there is a flap on the
0:38:24 > 0:38:32front. It opens and closes.This is cool. We put a meatball in one side
0:38:32 > 0:38:36and they have to work out that they need to twist the dome to access the
0:38:36 > 0:38:41meatball. When they realise they can get their hand in the swipe it, you
0:38:41 > 0:38:45get three or more of their hands in there, all trying to do it at the
0:38:45 > 0:38:48same time. But they saved the toughest
0:38:48 > 0:38:54challenge until last.This is the trickiest. They can see the meatball
0:38:54 > 0:38:59but they have to pull the tab so it drops down before they can reach it.
0:38:59 > 0:39:03Once the team have played a number of puzzles in the enclosure, it's
0:39:03 > 0:39:11time to see how the otters get on. Foxes to play with! -- boxes. That
0:39:11 > 0:39:20looks like the mum. They just followed her down.She is on it! It
0:39:20 > 0:39:22looks difficult, they've got to get their arm right in and their claws
0:39:22 > 0:39:27white underneath the tab.It's one of the most difficult tasks. They
0:39:27 > 0:39:34are struggling a bit.In a minute and 20 seconds, she solves it,
0:39:34 > 0:39:37pretty impressive, and it doesn't take long for the juveniles to work
0:39:37 > 0:39:40it out. For some, it's a bit confusing. The little one is
0:39:40 > 0:39:45rambling around going, what's going on! Is slightly overwhelmed. They
0:39:45 > 0:39:53are so inquisitive. Trying to turn them over and nudge them. After half
0:39:53 > 0:39:57an hour, the majority of puzzles are solved and the meatballs eaten, but
0:39:57 > 0:40:02what are learning about the otters? We've seen what we expected, the
0:40:02 > 0:40:07adults solving the most tasks and the juveniles was closely connected
0:40:07 > 0:40:11to the parents have sold the next amount of tasks. With the pups,
0:40:11 > 0:40:17although they haven't sold anything, we've got good interaction withRuby
0:40:17 > 0:40:20's research suggested this species of that didn't learn from each other
0:40:20 > 0:40:24this is the first time that youngsters have been put to the
0:40:24 > 0:40:28test, and this means that they could join the ranks of species like
0:40:28 > 0:40:31dolphins and chimpanzees in learning from each other how to tackle new
0:40:31 > 0:40:37challenges. The doctor is hoping their work will help in conservation
0:40:37 > 0:40:40around the world, is being able to teach captive bred otters about new
0:40:40 > 0:40:45feeding challenges and potential dangers like predators could help
0:40:45 > 0:40:49them survive if they are released. We need to know how they learn and
0:40:49 > 0:40:55perhaps if we can train individuals to perform these pages, this would
0:40:55 > 0:41:01increase their survival chances. Teaching these skills as
0:41:01 > 0:41:04implications for captive bred otters worldwide, which is a major
0:41:04 > 0:41:08breakthrough for these fascinating creatures.
0:41:08 > 0:41:12That took you right back to Monterey bay, to the little sea otters.You
0:41:12 > 0:41:21were out there as wellyes, an amazing place.We have to ask about
0:41:21 > 0:41:24George Gently. You were instrumental, acting all of the
0:41:24 > 0:41:29writers having him killed. Are you missing him?I will always miss it,
0:41:29 > 0:41:34but it was the right decision and we arrived at it simultaneously. It was
0:41:34 > 0:41:38time. It would have been inappropriate for somebody my age to
0:41:38 > 0:41:45be an operational policeman.Dixon of the green!Kind of proves my
0:41:45 > 0:41:51point!And you have gone on to work with Morris, all turned out well.It
0:41:51 > 0:42:01was a wonderful time. I still keep in touch with Lee.Fantastic. We are
0:42:01 > 0:42:04looking forward to some music from Rudimental and Jess Glynne shortly,
0:42:04 > 0:42:08they will be closing the show was keeping warm outside. With you
0:42:08 > 0:42:13shortly! These days it isn't difficult to create a fake photo and
0:42:13 > 0:42:17most people are quick to spot doctored images online, like this
0:42:17 > 0:42:26one. Not real!That is really bad.I don't know if you saw the news, Elon
0:42:26 > 0:42:30Musk with the photo of the space man driving a car which been released
0:42:30 > 0:42:37into space.Claim David Bowie.It is a mannequin dressed as a spaceman,
0:42:37 > 0:42:42but he will be driving around for goodness knows how long. Remarkable.
0:42:42 > 0:42:47In 1964, a Cumbrian firefighter captured what looked like a spaceman
0:42:47 > 0:42:51in his viewfinder, but was it real? A picture is set to be worth a
0:42:51 > 0:42:56thousand words, but what happens when something in the picture can't
0:42:56 > 0:43:01be explained?
0:43:01 > 0:43:06be explained? In late May 1964, amateur photographer Jim Templeton,
0:43:06 > 0:43:09his wife and two daughters wore on a walk across Burgh Marsh overlooking
0:43:09 > 0:43:14the Solway Firth in Cumbria. One of his daughters, Elizabeth, posed for
0:43:14 > 0:43:17a picture in her new dress. What appeared in the background has
0:43:17 > 0:43:23remained a mystery for more than 50 years.We went out on a normal
0:43:23 > 0:43:33outing. And we picked our spot, sat down, and I said, no, I'll take some
0:43:33 > 0:43:35photographs of you with the new dress on. Never expected this to
0:43:35 > 0:43:42happen.When Jim collected his photographs from the chemist, in one
0:43:42 > 0:43:44of them, a mysterious figure had appeared, looming behind his
0:43:44 > 0:43:49daughter. They were wearing what appeared to be a silver suit and
0:43:49 > 0:43:55helmet. Jim took the photograph to his local newspaper. The One Show
0:43:55 > 0:43:59has tracked down the two photographers from the Cumberland
0:43:59 > 0:44:05news at the time.It was hard to take it in, because three of us were
0:44:05 > 0:44:09looking at it, trying to look at this print, and we all thought it
0:44:09 > 0:44:14looked like a spaceman.So you went with the Solway Spaceman is the
0:44:14 > 0:44:20front page of your paper on Friday the 12th of June?Yes, after the
0:44:20 > 0:44:23negative had been examined by Kodak and they said the negative was
0:44:23 > 0:44:26exactly as it had gone through the camera, and whatever was on the
0:44:26 > 0:44:35negative was there.It wasn't just the press showing interest. Steve
0:44:35 > 0:44:38Matthews was one of Jim Templeton's friends and he has information that
0:44:38 > 0:44:43suggests the government may have become involved.Jim always told the
0:44:43 > 0:44:47story of the men from the ministry. One day, two men turned up in a
0:44:47 > 0:44:52brand-new blackjack you are, dressed completely in black, and told him to
0:44:52 > 0:44:57come with them. They drove out to a spot on Burgh Marsh, he looked at
0:44:57 > 0:45:03it, they asked a question or two, always referring to each other as
0:45:03 > 0:45:06number nine and number 11, and then they left and drove away and he had
0:45:06 > 0:45:12to walk back. He was convinced that they were the men from the ministry.
0:45:12 > 0:45:15They'd stumbled across something that was a real secret.Could there
0:45:15 > 0:45:22be another explanation?That's the question, who is he, where is he
0:45:22 > 0:45:28from? Those are the questions we want answered.Could the solution be
0:45:28 > 0:45:30hidden in plain sight. Another picture was found on the same roll
0:45:30 > 0:45:37of film. In it, Templeton's wife, Anne, is wearing a light blue dress.
0:45:37 > 0:45:40Could she have accidentally walked into shot, appearing overexposed in
0:45:40 > 0:45:45the background?
0:45:45 > 0:45:50I'm heading over to investigate. I've been joined by a couple of
0:45:50 > 0:45:54photographers. They will attempt to recreate the photograph. But first
0:45:54 > 0:46:00we need to find the exact spot at which it was taken. I am just going
0:46:00 > 0:46:04to read out what he wrote in the local newspaper... He says he looked
0:46:04 > 0:46:10straight across to Chapelcross atomic energy Station, which is
0:46:10 > 0:46:14there. If you turn your head and shoulders to the left you look
0:46:14 > 0:46:19straight at the BLS station, that's it, isn't it? 90 degrees from there.
0:46:19 > 0:46:24It looks like the horizon is sloping but it could just be that bank
0:46:24 > 0:46:30getting slightly further away from us.Yes. Whoever is standing behind
0:46:30 > 0:46:33the goal is probably looking out across the water.Spot pinpointed,
0:46:33 > 0:46:43we match our camera settings to Jim's.He said the lens was down to
0:46:43 > 0:46:48F 16.What does that mean?It means there is only a very small hole in
0:46:48 > 0:46:53the middle.So it is a bright day and he closes it.Yes, just to let
0:46:53 > 0:46:58enough light in. When you look in the viewfinder now it is very dark.
0:46:58 > 0:47:03Wow. He is focused on the girl's face and he is not seeing what is
0:47:03 > 0:47:07going on in the background. We have a mother and daughter, Wendy and
0:47:07 > 0:47:14Louis, standing in. Can we solve a 50-year-old mystery? --
0:47:16 > 0:47:25Here is our attempt to recreate. Proof enough? You decide.
0:47:25 > 0:47:30You want to believe all sorts of crazy stuff, don't you? It's great.
0:47:30 > 0:47:34Time to meet our very own International man of mystery who is
0:47:34 > 0:47:42out of focus. As we bring it in, you can see it is Giles Brandreth.
0:47:42 > 0:47:46I've been looking at mysterious photographs. I came across the first
0:47:46 > 0:47:53ghost photographs ever taken. Taken in the 1860s by a man called William
0:47:53 > 0:47:56Mahmudullah. He took this photograph as a self-portrait. In the
0:47:56 > 0:48:02background you might see another figure. That is his dead cousin.
0:48:02 > 0:48:05When the picture appeared he made a fortune because a lot of people said
0:48:05 > 0:48:09can you take pictures of us with your dead relatives? He said, yes I
0:48:09 > 0:48:14can. He took lots. Then a circus owner said I don't believe this man.
0:48:14 > 0:48:20There was a court case. He was found not guilty of fraud, but people
0:48:20 > 0:48:24suspected he had gone to people's houses and robbed pictures of their
0:48:24 > 0:48:28late relatives, and he had done it because in those days you would take
0:48:28 > 0:48:32photographs using different plates. You put the plate of the dead
0:48:32 > 0:48:38relative in first, then a second plate, so they were interim post --
0:48:38 > 0:48:44so they were superimposed. Would you believe it?No.You might believe
0:48:44 > 0:48:50this one because it is more recent. This was taken in 2015 at Hampton
0:48:50 > 0:48:56Court Palace, known for its ghost. The ghost is a 12-year-old -- the
0:48:56 > 0:49:01picture was taken by a 12-year-old, she was trying to take the picture
0:49:01 > 0:49:08of her cousin on the left, but this figure on the right appeared. They
0:49:08 > 0:49:11saw nothing. Do you believe this 12-year-old at Hampton Court Palace,
0:49:11 > 0:49:15known for its ghost sightings, do you think that is credible?I think
0:49:15 > 0:49:26so.I would believe at too. But technology people say...No!If you
0:49:26 > 0:49:31take a picture with a smartphone it takes a longer time to bed with a
0:49:31 > 0:49:36normal camera. In that period somebody could have moved across and
0:49:36 > 0:49:40she didn't notice when she was taking the picture.Just to be in
0:49:40 > 0:49:44her photograph?Somebody accidentally walking through.She
0:49:44 > 0:49:49looks like she doesn't have any hands.Yes, and dressed as a
0:49:49 > 0:49:54mysterious, ghostly figure.We have one minute, can you take us to the
0:49:54 > 0:50:03Thames?I can. New Year's Eve, 2014, a professional for -- professional
0:50:03 > 0:50:07photographer took this photograph. He did not believe there was anybody
0:50:07 > 0:50:13there. But as you can see, there are figures. What were they doing? Do
0:50:13 > 0:50:20you believe this photograph? Martin Shaw, judged that you are, guilty or
0:50:20 > 0:50:28not guilty of fraud?I'm going to say not proven, which is the
0:50:28 > 0:50:33Scottish one.Oh my goodness! I'm going to say that the man was
0:50:33 > 0:50:39totally innocent. But scientists have said that what is possible is
0:50:39 > 0:50:43that there was a slow exposure and somebody walked past.These
0:50:43 > 0:50:47scientists take all the fun away. I know. On that subject of
0:50:47 > 0:50:52technology and smartphones, if you do need to send a message to your
0:50:52 > 0:50:55friend instantaneously on the other side of the world all you need is a
0:50:55 > 0:51:03smartphone. Thanks... Oh! He has gone!I can still see him!
0:51:03 > 0:51:06LAUGHTER But did you know that 200 years ago
0:51:06 > 0:51:10you could also send a message at the near Internet like speeds? Here is
0:51:10 > 0:51:16Dan to show us how. I haven't set a challenge, can I
0:51:16 > 0:51:22send a message over a long distance near Internet speeds using only
0:51:22 > 0:51:30200-year-old technology. I said no problem.
0:51:30 > 0:51:32problem. In 1795 long-distance messaging was a matter of national
0:51:32 > 0:51:39security. Britain was at war with France. This was running the naval
0:51:39 > 0:51:45effort in that war. The most famous sailor at the time, Nelson, he is
0:51:45 > 0:51:48looking South, that is because 60 miles in this direction is
0:51:48 > 0:51:51Portsmouth, the main naval base. It's one thing to look wistfully in
0:51:51 > 0:51:55the direction of your ships, it's another thing to get a message to
0:51:55 > 0:51:59Portsmouth, because it was very slow, it could take a man on a horse
0:51:59 > 0:52:06around four hours. A vicar heard about the problem. He said he had an
0:52:06 > 0:52:12invention that could send messages to Portsmouth in minutes. I have
0:52:12 > 0:52:19headed to Portsmouth. I've also asked for a reproduction of the
0:52:19 > 0:52:24amazing wooden signalling machine. Originally 15 of them formed a chain
0:52:24 > 0:52:27from London to the coast. Each machine was visible from the next
0:52:27 > 0:52:30one. Messages could be passed quickly all the way down to the
0:52:30 > 0:52:36fleet in Portsmouth Harbour. One end of my signalling system is right
0:52:36 > 0:52:41here in Portsmouth. I have recruited some Royal Navy signalling
0:52:41 > 0:52:46specialist to help. Here it is, the original Murray system we created
0:52:46 > 0:52:52just metres away from where the original one was. Dan, how are you?
0:52:52 > 0:52:57It is really simple, just a frame with six wooden boards operated by
0:52:57 > 0:53:00ropes. By opening and closing different boards you can send any
0:53:00 > 0:53:09letter of the alphabet. This is a key here. Can you give me a D?Left
0:53:09 > 0:53:16middle open. All others closed.A simple letter a.Right top, all
0:53:16 > 0:53:27others closed.The N. That is our name spelt out in a very traditional
0:53:27 > 0:53:32form of technology. Happy days. Sadly, with 200 years of tall
0:53:32 > 0:53:35buildings to content with it is now impossible to get messages to London
0:53:35 > 0:53:41using this visual code. I put our second machine on the Isle of Wight,
0:53:41 > 0:53:47operated by a crack team. We will attempt to send a message over five
0:53:47 > 0:53:54miles of open sea. Even on our very longest camera lens the machine is
0:53:54 > 0:54:00only just visible. Missed, rain, and fog were serious problems. There
0:54:00 > 0:54:03were many days when the system couldn't work. But when it did it
0:54:03 > 0:54:10was fast.
0:54:10 > 0:54:16was fast.Stand-by...At the Portsmouth team since the first.
0:54:16 > 0:54:24Papa. This shows that it has arrived.Send Romeo.They send the
0:54:24 > 0:54:30next letter, and they are off. When the full line was working each
0:54:30 > 0:54:32station would repeat the signal. Until it reached the end of the
0:54:32 > 0:54:39line. The signal we are sending is prawns. Odd, I realise, but we know
0:54:39 > 0:54:45it was an actual signal sent in the 1790s. They were probably having a
0:54:45 > 0:54:49joke. I'm desperate to know, how long do you think it would have
0:54:49 > 0:54:55taken for a message to get from London to Portsmouth?They reckon
0:54:55 > 0:55:01the fastest time was 92nds.Wow. If you were sending a complex message,
0:55:01 > 0:55:08then you are talking 15, 20 minutes. Still a very quick time. -- at the
0:55:08 > 0:55:15fastest time was 90 seconds.The main purpose was for invasion,
0:55:15 > 0:55:20defence against invasion, getting the information as quickly as
0:55:20 > 0:55:24possible.Eventually there were Murray telegraph lines from London
0:55:24 > 0:55:28to Portsmouth, Plymouth, Yarmouth, and Deal, Kent. They survived until
0:55:28 > 0:55:33the threat from Napoleon was over. I just want to pay tribute to our
0:55:33 > 0:55:38first rapid long-distance communication network. Built out of
0:55:38 > 0:55:44wood. 200 years ago. Thank you. We are almost done. What
0:55:44 > 0:55:49a show it has been. Have you enjoyed?No.
0:55:49 > 0:55:55LAUGHTER Thanks to all of our guests tonight.
0:55:55 > 0:56:00You can see Maureen and Martin in The Best Man at the Playhouse
0:56:00 > 0:56:03Theatre in London from the 24th of February.
0:56:03 > 0:56:06Tomorrow we will be chatting to Max Beesley. But now we will hear some
0:56:06 > 0:56:14music.
0:56:20 > 0:56:22# Leaving to find my soul
0:56:22 > 0:56:23# Told her I had to go
0:56:23 > 0:56:25# And I know it ain't pretty
0:56:25 > 0:56:32# When our hearts get broke
0:56:32 > 0:56:34# Too young to feel this old
0:56:34 > 0:56:35# Watching us both turn cold
0:56:35 > 0:56:37# Oh, I know it ain't pretty
0:56:37 > 0:56:38# When two hearts get broke
0:56:38 > 0:56:40# Yeah, I know it ain't pretty
0:56:40 > 0:56:43# When two hearts get broke
0:56:43 > 0:56:45# I hope someday
0:56:45 > 0:56:48# We'll sit down together
0:56:48 > 0:56:50# And laugh with each other
0:56:50 > 0:56:53# About these days, these days
0:56:53 > 0:56:56# All our troubles
0:56:56 > 0:56:58# We'll lay to rest
0:56:58 > 0:57:04# And we'll wish we could come back to these days, these days
0:57:04 > 0:57:12# These days, these days
0:57:14 > 0:57:17# Oh I know, I know # Oh I know, I know
0:57:17 > 0:57:22# Oh I know, I know # Oh I know, I know
0:57:22 > 0:57:23# Oh I know, I know
0:57:23 > 0:57:31# These days, these days
0:57:33 > 0:57:35# Three years of ups and downs
0:57:35 > 0:57:36# Nothing to show for it now
0:57:36 > 0:57:39# And I know it ain't pretty when the fire burns out
0:57:39 > 0:57:44# Calling me when I'm drunk, remind me of what I've done
0:57:44 > 0:57:47# And I know it ain't pretty when you're trying to move on
0:57:47 > 0:57:49# Yeah, I hope someday
0:57:49 > 0:57:51# We'll sit down together
0:57:51 > 0:57:53# And laugh with each other
0:57:53 > 0:57:57# About these days, these days
0:57:57 > 0:57:59# All our troubles
0:57:59 > 0:58:01# We'll lay to rest
0:58:01 > 0:58:06# And we'll wish we could come back to these days, these days
0:58:06 > 0:58:10# Oh I know, I know # Oh I know, I know
0:58:10 > 0:58:13# Oh I know, I know
0:58:13 > 0:58:16# These days, these days
0:58:16 > 0:58:19# Oh I know, I know # Oh I know, I know
0:58:19 > 0:58:27# Oh I know, I know
0:58:27 > 0:58:31# These days, these days
0:58:31 > 0:58:33# Yeah, I hope someday
0:58:33 > 0:58:34# We'll sit down together
0:58:34 > 0:58:35# And laugh with each other
0:58:35 > 0:58:38# About these days, these days
0:58:38 > 0:58:40# All our troubles
0:58:40 > 0:58:44# We'll lay to rest
0:58:44 > 0:58:57# And we'll wish we could come back to these days, these days
0:58:57 > 0:59:04these days (these days, these days, these days) #.