:00:21. > :00:25.Avast me hearties, and welcome to ye Old Friday One Show with the
:00:25. > :00:31.fairest maiden on the high seas, except for Alex, if that is OK.
:00:31. > :00:36.is OK. And this war the seadog, Chris Evans. Tonight, move over the
:00:36. > :00:42.meerkat, there is a new cute animal in town. Up we host a pirate dinner
:00:42. > :00:48.party in the studio. We snoop around Florence Nightingale's house.
:00:48. > :00:58.And kitchen tips that might be a waste of time. But first, a man
:00:58. > :01:08.
:01:09. > :01:15.whose latest film makes sense of I always go for two kisses. Of
:01:15. > :01:22.course, you are not a pirate in the new film. I am not. I am a
:01:22. > :01:24.scientist. Surrounded by pirates. Are you not a seafarer? I and
:01:24. > :01:30.Charles Darwin, although not the version that the history books
:01:30. > :01:35.would have us believe in. -- I am Charles Darwin. In real life, do
:01:35. > :01:43.you take to the sea? Not very long time. We used to go sailing when I
:01:43. > :01:47.was a kid. But only very occasionally. But that is fine for
:01:47. > :01:51.my character. He does not have particularly sturdy sea legs. The
:01:51. > :01:57.Lots of people have been seeing you dressed as a bottle of tomato
:01:57. > :02:03.ketchup. That is a lovely look. is comic relief. You have to make
:02:03. > :02:08.the effort. Will you be running a mile? I guess I will have to. I
:02:08. > :02:12.cannot tell everyone to do it and not do it myself. Other people are
:02:12. > :02:20.rowing the Channel and running marathons. Just the one mile for
:02:20. > :02:25.you? I have dressed up as a ketchup bottle. What are you doing? Good
:02:25. > :02:29.question! We are going to be talking about your Charles Darwin
:02:29. > :02:38.character in a brilliant new film that I saw a couple of weeks ago.
:02:38. > :02:43.We will also be joined by the BBC F1 team who will tell us... That
:02:43. > :02:49.was not part of the pirate theme, that is just then you look! They
:02:49. > :02:52.will say whether a British champion can happen this year. We are
:02:52. > :02:55.getting back behind the British rhythmic gymnasts -- rhythmic
:02:55. > :03:03.gymnastics ladies who have amazingly won their appeal and will
:03:03. > :03:06.be going to be Games. Do you have trouble sleeping? Oh, yes. Well,
:03:06. > :03:16.Alex Riley suggests the solution might involve waking up for hours
:03:16. > :03:18.
:03:18. > :03:24.It is estimated that a quarter of us in the UK experience some type
:03:24. > :03:28.of sleeping disorder. Perhaps as much of 30% of the problems will
:03:28. > :03:32.either be directly or indirectly related to sleep problems. The
:03:32. > :03:35.medical profession has not really been taught about sleep. In a five-
:03:35. > :03:39.year training, many medical students will have just one lecture
:03:40. > :03:43.on sleep. Maybe it is time to rethink the idea of a good night's
:03:43. > :03:50.sleep being eight uninterrupted hours. Until relatively recently,
:03:50. > :03:55.sleep was premature game of two halves. -- it was very much a game
:03:55. > :03:57.of two halves. Historical diaries and literature are full of clues
:03:57. > :04:02.that suggest that our pre- industrial ancestors would often
:04:02. > :04:06.break their sleep in the middle of the night. References described the
:04:06. > :04:10.first sleep, which began about two hours after dusk, followed by a
:04:10. > :04:15.waiting period of one or two hours. This was then followed by a second
:04:15. > :04:19.sleep. While a segmented sleep may have been popular in the olden days,
:04:19. > :04:26.I am not sure it will catch on today. But I am going to meet a
:04:26. > :04:29.woman who would not sleep any other way. Susie Phillips is a retired
:04:29. > :04:34.teacher who lives in Wiltshire who, without even realising it, was
:04:34. > :04:37.putting segmented sleep into practice. A few years ago, she
:04:37. > :04:42.started waking in the middle of the night, feeling wide awake.
:04:42. > :04:46.think, I should be asleep, but you do not feel sleepy. That is why you
:04:46. > :04:53.think it is not right. Instead of worrying about it, you have
:04:53. > :04:58.embraced it. Yes, I used the time to educate myself. What time do you
:04:58. > :05:03.wake up? I should be awake by 1:30am. By will pop round. It is
:05:03. > :05:06.the middle of the night and I am not sure what I'm doing a wake. I
:05:06. > :05:14.am going to have to have a chat with someone who might be able to
:05:14. > :05:18.convince me that segmented sleep is actually natural. Professor Roger
:05:18. > :05:22.has done decades of research which reveals how and why people often
:05:22. > :05:29.used to sleep in two segments. primary benefit to be drawn from
:05:29. > :05:34.this knowledge is for those who wait in the middle of the night for
:05:34. > :05:39.no reason. Their pattern of sleep, arguably, judge from the
:05:39. > :05:45.perspective of history, is more natural than this week that most of
:05:45. > :05:49.us aspire to. -- the sleep most of us aspire to. Why did it die out?
:05:49. > :05:57.It died out over the course of the 19th century during the Industrial
:05:57. > :06:02.Revolution, for reasons rooted in culture and technology. As a
:06:02. > :06:08.Harvard scientist put it, every time we turn on a light switch we
:06:08. > :06:13.are, in effect, ingesting a drug that affects our structure of sleep.
:06:13. > :06:19.I am going to have to have a word with Susie. What exactly do you do
:06:19. > :06:24.in this period between your two sleeps? I listen to Maya iPod, or I
:06:24. > :06:29.have started reading a couple of books. -- my iPod. At the moment, I
:06:29. > :06:34.am working out shrouding a's equation. It is not easy. To be
:06:34. > :06:44.honest, this quantum physics is not going in. I'm going to have to go
:06:44. > :06:47.
:06:47. > :06:52.Sleep tight. Good night. Do you have problems with sleep?
:06:52. > :06:56.am persuaded by this argument. I was reading about it the other day.
:06:56. > :07:00.I think I sleep in four our chunks. There is nothing worse than being
:07:00. > :07:06.awake and thinking, I have to get back to sleep. That engenders panic
:07:06. > :07:11.and then you are properly awake. If you can get up and do something...
:07:11. > :07:17.There is no sleeping through your new film. Quite right. I could not
:07:18. > :07:22.think of anything else to say. Smooth as silk. I should not draw
:07:22. > :07:28.attention to it. It is an animation and you are in it, but you are not
:07:28. > :07:32.in it. You do the voice. It has a different title in America. It does.
:07:32. > :07:41.Here, it is called pirates, An Adventure With Scientists. In
:07:41. > :07:46.America it is called pirates - band of misfits. Why? Don't ask me. Some
:07:46. > :07:50.publicist can tell you. I had seen it and it is brilliant. One of the
:07:50. > :07:57.reasons it is brilliant, Aardman are brilliant and you are pretty
:07:57. > :08:02.good. I feel guilty taking any credit for it. We will not let you!
:08:02. > :08:07.The script is really good, isn't it? How do the pirates meet the
:08:07. > :08:11.scientists? The pirate captain, who is on the table, played by Hugh
:08:11. > :08:21.Grant, he is desperate to win the pilot of the year. He is a pretty
:08:21. > :08:23.
:08:23. > :08:26.He has to get his booty collection up, increasing his hit rate. He
:08:26. > :08:32.goes to plunder whatever ships that he can find. It all goes wrong.
:08:32. > :08:39.Every ship he comes across as no treasure. Finally, he comes across
:08:39. > :08:43.Charles Darwin's boat on its way back from the Galapagos Islands.
:08:43. > :08:50.Only to discover there is no booty on that, but there are some kidneys
:08:51. > :09:00.from baboons and stuffed animals. Let's cut to that moment. Home,
:09:01. > :09:05.
:09:05. > :09:12.Sweet Home. You don't get many women back here, do you, Charles?
:09:12. > :09:16.Sweet Neptune on a bike! Don't mind him, just an old project of mind. I
:09:16. > :09:20.have this theory. I thought, if you took a monkey, gave him a monocle
:09:20. > :09:29.and covered up his unsightly bottom, he would cease to be a monkey and
:09:30. > :09:34.would become more of a man monkey, if you will. It is such a brilliant
:09:34. > :09:38.movies. That was the bit in the movie where they made the ship look
:09:38. > :09:44.like a house in London. That is a different bit to the bit you
:09:44. > :09:48.thought was coming but equally good. I apologise profusely. Did you get
:09:48. > :09:53.to meet the other actors? Presumably you do it separately.
:09:53. > :09:58.They would try to get us together when possible. But you had said in
:09:58. > :10:01.the past you would rather be on your own. I do not like eye contact
:10:02. > :10:07.with any human being! It is nice to do some bouncing off each other,
:10:07. > :10:10.obviously, but that is dependent on schedules. Hugh Grant and I had a
:10:10. > :10:15.session together, Martin Freeman and I had a session together,
:10:16. > :10:21.Imelda Staunton. There are loads of brilliant people. Would you
:10:21. > :10:26.describe yourself as over acting when you are in the clip room?
:10:26. > :10:31.don't know what you're suggesting. Shall we have a look? This explain
:10:31. > :10:35.what is going on. We have been told that you have to do more than you
:10:35. > :10:41.would normally because you are not being seen. All you have is your
:10:41. > :10:45.voice, so you have to pump it up, yes. Also, I was told by our
:10:45. > :10:49.director to not shy away from that because the animators like as much
:10:49. > :10:53.animation in the vocal performance as possible. We have an example of
:10:53. > :11:03.that. I have remembered what we are doing now. Try to guess what is
:11:03. > :11:13.
:11:13. > :11:17.happening when he is doing this. I think that is brilliant. I saw
:11:17. > :11:23.that and I said, that is the bit when he is made to walk the plank.
:11:23. > :11:27.Is that right? I could not tell you. There is a lot of falling over.
:11:27. > :11:32.think you're being pushed to the end of the plank. Possibly. There
:11:32. > :11:38.is a lot of balancing and falling out of things. It is a very good
:11:38. > :11:44.film. I feel I can say that because I'm only a voice in it. It does not
:11:44. > :11:48.feel boastful to say it. It's talk to somebody who can boast about it.
:11:48. > :11:54.Mrs Jay Grace, one of the chief animators at Aardman Studios. Tell
:11:54. > :11:58.us about your job. My job is animation director, so I worked
:11:58. > :12:05.with the animators to get the best performance based on what David and
:12:05. > :12:10.Sue and the other actors have done. -- hue. We would take the voices
:12:10. > :12:16.and set up a video camera and act it out. Everybody who works Aardman
:12:17. > :12:21.has an Oscar. Obviously you have. Unfortunately not. They brought us
:12:21. > :12:28.the only one who has not got an Oscar. How many Oscars has Nick
:12:28. > :12:33.Park got? He has four and Aardman has been nominated for nine. Where
:12:33. > :12:39.does he keep them? Just around the house. I don't think he has ever
:12:39. > :12:43.animated them. What happens when you go to the Oscars? Do you have a
:12:44. > :12:49.big party? Yes, any excuse for a party. When he is there, we cannot
:12:49. > :12:54.all go a long but in Bristol we celebrate. We think these are small,
:12:54. > :12:59.but you say they are big for animated films. Generally speaking,
:12:59. > :13:04.Wallace and Gromit would be up to the captain's shoulder. He is a
:13:04. > :13:11.very small man in real life. they like stone-age compared to
:13:11. > :13:15.these two? Stone Age is probably a bit harsh. The original Wallace and
:13:15. > :13:18.Gromit designs that were done by Nick Park, he made them himself and
:13:18. > :13:22.the design has pretty much kept faithful to that throughout. But
:13:22. > :13:30.for this movie, we had to move the technology on a little bit. You can
:13:30. > :13:35.see that we have got an armature that goes inside the pirate captain.
:13:35. > :13:42.This is set inside him. The majority of this puppet is not even
:13:42. > :13:50.Plasticine. The outfit is made out of rubber, the boots are silicon,
:13:50. > :13:57.the beard is silicon and the only bit of Plasticine is his brow.
:13:57. > :14:02.look amazed. I think there are glorious. Look at that! What a
:14:02. > :14:07.piece of engineering! That is me, Charles Darwin. Very quickly, as
:14:07. > :14:10.far as the animation is concerned, it took three years. The actual
:14:10. > :14:20.shoot was 18 months but the development period before that was
:14:20. > :14:23.
:14:23. > :14:30.The film is out on Wednesday 28th March. Now, there are not many
:14:30. > :14:33.native animals left in the UK which this man has not seen. So, when he
:14:33. > :14:39.heard that there was a rare specimen living in a garden in
:14:39. > :14:43.Cheshire, Mike Dilger could not get there fast enough. This animal had
:14:43. > :14:48.been hunted to the point of extinction, but it has been showing
:14:48. > :14:52.a remarkable recovery, the polecat is back. And it has been popping up
:14:52. > :14:58.in some unusual places. There's a lady who lives on this housing
:14:58. > :15:02.estate in Cheshire, of whom I am incredibly jealous. Not only has
:15:02. > :15:09.she seen polecats, she actually has them living in her back garden. I
:15:09. > :15:18.could not resist coming up to try and catch a glimpse myself. One
:15:18. > :15:26.Show viewer Fiona is the lucky woman in question. So, you think
:15:26. > :15:31.they have been under the decking? Definitely, yes. This is where you
:15:31. > :15:37.tend to see them coming out. Having them under the garden decking is
:15:37. > :15:40.certainly far from normal. Yet polecats, just like other wild
:15:40. > :15:48.animals, have obviously realised there is a lot to be gained by
:15:48. > :15:54.taking advantage of our home comforts. The pond did have some
:15:54. > :15:59.fish, but they have all mysteriously disappeared. They are
:15:59. > :16:03.supremely opportunistic. I have done a little bit of investigation,
:16:03. > :16:08.ever since the first time when my partner thought he saw one. But I
:16:08. > :16:13.was not sure until I saw them just two weeks ago. I have to say, I
:16:13. > :16:17.make my living as a wildlife expert, and I have never, ever scene
:16:17. > :16:23.polecat, you could make a middle- aged man very happy, you know that?
:16:23. > :16:29.Surely not middle-aged! Just about, I suggest, go inside and sit and
:16:29. > :16:34.wait, that's all you have to do with wildlife. Related to weasels,
:16:34. > :16:38.polecats are the wild ancestors of the domestic ferret. Over centuries,
:16:38. > :16:42.they developed a bad reputation, and were hunted by farmers and
:16:42. > :16:48.gamekeepers are like. As a result, they are now one of the rarest
:16:48. > :16:58.mammals in the UK. Yet luckily for me, they have obviously taken a
:16:58. > :17:02.
:17:02. > :17:06.fancy to city living. That is the first ever polecat I have seen. Not
:17:06. > :17:11.in the wilds of Wales, but on a housing estate in Cheshire. Look at
:17:11. > :17:21.that! And it is really close to Manchester airport as well.
:17:21. > :17:29.
:17:29. > :17:33.Fantastic! Let's try and get a bit closer. The last time I saw a new
:17:33. > :17:41.mammal to Britain was about three years ago. This is an exceptional
:17:41. > :17:46.moment for me. There's myself and Fiona, a sound recordist, Cameron,
:17:47. > :17:51.director, all in the back garden, and a rabbit jumping around, and he
:17:51. > :17:57.is not first, he is coming out and taking bits of chicken. The only
:17:57. > :18:02.worry that it could be which has cross-bred with a ferret, which is
:18:02. > :18:12.effectively a domesticated polecat. But just looking at it, it has got
:18:12. > :18:16.
:18:16. > :18:21.little tips on the ears, not much white it is streetwise, that's a
:18:21. > :18:26.polecat. These animals are normally incredibly shy. It is just that
:18:26. > :18:31.Fiona provides the perfect environment for them - shelter, no
:18:31. > :18:35.predators, oh, and plenty of chicken. In the 1950s, these
:18:36. > :18:40.beautiful creatures were on the verge of extinction, and I
:18:40. > :18:47.personally find it astonishing that not only are they making a comeback,
:18:47. > :18:54.but they're also taking advantage of our Homes, cities and gardens -
:18:54. > :19:00.that is a result. I am known for getting easily excited, but I was
:19:00. > :19:04.very, very excited that day. What else is there for you to see?
:19:04. > :19:09.much, it has to be said. I have still been looking for Scottish
:19:09. > :19:15.wildcat, we have tried to film it twice, and failed twice, but apart
:19:15. > :19:21.from that, not a lot. Maybe it is a bit self-conscious. You have got to
:19:21. > :19:27.stop calling it ugly. Everything is relative. And you have brought a
:19:27. > :19:33.beautiful parrot with you. We have indeed, this is a beautiful bird
:19:33. > :19:37.called Snowy, from Birdworld in Hampshire. He was captive-bred, he
:19:37. > :19:43.is 22 years of age. It is now illegal to take them from the wild.
:19:43. > :19:48.He comes from Indonesia, originally. Indonesia has got many species
:19:48. > :19:56.which are critically endangered, so if you do by a parrot, make sure it
:19:56. > :20:04.is captive-bred. Do you believe that pirates really kept parrots?
:20:04. > :20:08.In Treasure Island, of course, but in the Caribbean, traditionally
:20:08. > :20:18.they have used them as commodities, for trading, they're hugely
:20:18. > :20:21.
:20:21. > :20:28.desirable. David, in the movie, the parrot is also used as currency,
:20:28. > :20:36.but it is not really a parrot. is not, no, the whole plot hinges
:20:36. > :20:40.on that fact. Should we not say? don't think so. We have got a call
:20:40. > :20:44.from a lovely lady who is mad about McCaws. She knows exactly why you
:20:44. > :20:48.should not keep parrots and less you know what you're doing. Because
:20:48. > :20:53.people may not be sure about what you're doing, you have ended up
:20:53. > :20:57.with 13 of them. Yes, some of them have come and stayed, some I have
:20:57. > :21:07.bred, but most of them have been given up because people cannot look
:21:07. > :21:07.
:21:07. > :21:12.after them any longer. This one is Marchella. On the rehearsal she
:21:12. > :21:16.climbed right on to permit, she absolutely adores me. You have to
:21:16. > :21:22.know what you're doing, they live a very long time, it is not like
:21:22. > :21:28.having a dog for 10 years, it is like having a dog for 40 years.
:21:28. > :21:34.runs into tens of thousands of pounds as well. It could do,
:21:34. > :21:42.especially with the vet fees. is absolutely fascinated with
:21:42. > :21:46.Marchella here. Tell us about other birds as well, we have got
:21:46. > :21:52.something really special here. have indeed, this is from the
:21:52. > :21:58.Oxford museum of Natural History, it is the only known example of the
:21:58. > :22:02.flesh remains of a dodo. It is fantastic, because of course, they
:22:03. > :22:07.were around way before Victorian times, first round in 59 th on
:22:07. > :22:12.Mauritius. But within a century, they were made extinct. The Dutch
:22:13. > :22:19.sailors were banging them on the head and roasting them. Within 100
:22:19. > :22:23.years, they had completely gone. must explain, the reason we have
:22:23. > :22:27.jumped to dodos is because there is a dodo in the movie. Yes, the
:22:27. > :22:36.pirate Captain thinks he has got one of these, but actually, it is a
:22:36. > :22:42.dodo. Thank you so much. This weekend marks one years since the
:22:42. > :22:46.deadly earthquake struck off the coast of Japan. It was the biggest
:22:46. > :22:51.in that country since records began, which we know because of a very
:22:51. > :22:56.clever British scientist. In March 2011, Japan was hit by a
:22:56. > :23:01.devastating earthquake, which killed more than 18,000 people, and
:23:01. > :23:06.countless more lost their homes. Ancient Japanese philosophers used
:23:06. > :23:12.to believe that catastrophic events like these were caused by the tales
:23:12. > :23:16.of giant cat fish thrashing around underground. Our understanding is
:23:16. > :23:22.much more scientific now because of an Englishman called John Milne,
:23:22. > :23:26.who, in 1880, invented the world's first seismograph. But how was it
:23:26. > :23:30.that a man from a country which hardly had any earthquakes would
:23:30. > :23:35.end up pioneering the science of seismology? He graduated as a
:23:35. > :23:42.mining engineer, left home and travelled the globe looking for
:23:42. > :23:49.coal seams. But in 1875, aged just 25, he was offered the position of
:23:49. > :23:55.Professor of geology at Tokyo University. Shortly after his
:23:55. > :23:59.arrival in Japan, he experienced an earthquake. He was keen to
:23:59. > :24:03.understand one of nature's most powerful phenomenon. But he quickly
:24:03. > :24:09.discovered that the tools available to him were simply not up to the
:24:09. > :24:14.job. What surprised him was how long the earthquake lasted, and the
:24:14. > :24:20.number of aftershocks. Previous methods had always recorded an
:24:20. > :24:25.earthquake as a single event. But Millmoor realised that we needed
:24:25. > :24:31.something to continuously monitor the movements of the er, and this
:24:31. > :24:37.was his Eureka moment. He invented the seismograph, a machine which,
:24:37. > :24:41.for the first time, could accurately record movement in the
:24:41. > :24:45.Earth's crust, non-stop. It could measure the full extent of an
:24:45. > :24:52.earthquake's magnitude over time, and it is these measurements which
:24:52. > :24:56.led the way in our understanding of earthquakes today. Using some
:24:56. > :25:00.simple components, I can demonstrate the principle. What we
:25:00. > :25:03.demonstrate the principle. What we have made here is essentially a
:25:04. > :25:10.horizontal pendulum. We have got a heavy weight attached to a long
:25:10. > :25:14.stick, and a wire which goes up and over the top. The whole thing is
:25:14. > :25:19.sat on this, my earthquake simulator. It is just a tea-tray
:25:19. > :25:25.with some tennis balls underneath. I'm going to create a massive
:25:25. > :25:30.earthquake by just moving it slightly, like this. All you need
:25:30. > :25:34.to do to turn this into a seismograph is to attach a pen at
:25:34. > :25:41.that end and a rotating drum to record it. That is how it works.
:25:41. > :25:47.The invention revolutionised how earthquakes were understood, and it
:25:47. > :25:49.began to be used all over the globe. Paul from the British Geological
:25:49. > :25:54.Survey is an expert on the impact Survey is an expert on the impact
:25:54. > :25:58.of seismograph so on the scientific world.
:25:58. > :26:03.What he managed to do was to set up a global network of seismic
:26:03. > :26:07.measuring stations in British colonies around the world, which
:26:07. > :26:12.all used essentially the same instrument, and all sent their
:26:12. > :26:17.results back to him. It was the first attempt at having a
:26:17. > :26:22.comprehensive, global seismic network. One thing this new network
:26:22. > :26:26.recorded was the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco. Traces like this
:26:26. > :26:30.made it possible to determine how far away an earthquake was, and by
:26:31. > :26:36.how looking -- and by looking at how big the waves were, an estimate
:26:36. > :26:39.of the size of the earthquake could be worked out. It was with this
:26:39. > :26:44.kind of measurement that Charles F Richter was able to develop the
:26:44. > :26:49.Richter scale. It was the foundation of seismology as we know
:26:49. > :26:53.it today. It shaped our understanding of the planet. The
:26:53. > :26:56.design of the seismograph was so successful that it was only
:26:56. > :27:02.superseded by a digital version in the 1980s, but the principle is
:27:02. > :27:06.still the same. Perhaps one day, thanks to this early work, we may
:27:06. > :27:16.discover what he set out to find, the holy grail of seismology,
:27:16. > :27:17.
:27:17. > :27:22.predicting earthquakes before they happen. Joining us now, we have
:27:22. > :27:27.Jake Humphrey and David Coulthard, from the BBC's Formula 1 team. It
:27:27. > :27:31.must have been poignant when you went back to Japan. Yes, it was, it
:27:31. > :27:35.was towards the back end of 2011, it was a big moment for the sport,
:27:35. > :27:45.and a big moment for Japan. Motor sport has got a long history in
:27:45. > :27:45.
:27:46. > :27:46.Japan. The Moto GP had been there a few months before, and everywhere
:27:46. > :27:50.we went were huge signs, thank you for supporting Japan. The Japanese
:27:50. > :27:54.people were so happy to have as there. And Jenson Button, who has a
:27:55. > :28:01.Japanese girl friend, won the race. We were proud to be there. It was
:28:01. > :28:10.really emotional, on the grid beforehand. And it all begins again
:28:10. > :28:13.next weekend. You're back. So, you are the expert, apparently, DC.
:28:13. > :28:22.Does Britain have any chance at all of having a world champion at the
:28:22. > :28:27.end of the season? Yes, absolutely. You will have either Lewis Hamilton
:28:27. > :28:30.or Jenson Button. The guys are so evenly matched, and McLaren
:28:30. > :28:35.definitely are in better form, according to the winter testing.
:28:35. > :28:38.They could win the whole thing? of course, absolutely. And they of
:28:38. > :28:45.course think they could do so, otherwise they would not be taking
:28:45. > :28:49.part. But Red Bull will be the favourite. Yes, no question. By how
:28:49. > :28:59.much blankets Sebastian Vettel, youngest-ever world champion, he
:28:59. > :29:00.
:29:00. > :29:04.has been testing well. We spent the whole of the winter trying to teach
:29:04. > :29:12.him how to say the name of the world champion. We do things
:29:12. > :29:22.differently in Scotland. Actually, my reasoning to justify my
:29:22. > :29:24.
:29:24. > :29:27.pronunciation is that nobody ever pronounces my name correctly.
:29:27. > :29:37.of changes this season as well. Lots of people concerned about the
:29:37. > :29:40.
:29:40. > :29:46.Sky Sports have got involved and are taking every race live of
:29:46. > :29:51.Formula One. But the good news is that the BBC still have every race.
:29:51. > :29:53.Half of those will be live, as they always have been, with myself,
:29:53. > :29:57.David Coulthard, Eddie Jordan, walking up and down the pit line
:29:57. > :30:02.making a nuisance of ourselves. The other half are highlights
:30:02. > :30:08.programmes. Louise was saying since she had kids she cannot watch, but
:30:08. > :30:12.now the lunchtime races are prime time, 5:30pm to 7pm every Sunday. I
:30:12. > :30:16.look forward to lots of messages from you about Formula One. One of
:30:16. > :30:22.the exciting things was Martin Brundle's grid walk, which he will
:30:22. > :30:28.be doing on Sky. Come on, pirates! But you are going cheek to cheek
:30:28. > :30:31.with him, because you will carry on the grid walk for the BBC.
:30:31. > :30:35.three of us will be there and we will do something different. Martin
:30:35. > :30:43.is fantastic and he has made a good walk his own, but we will do
:30:43. > :30:48.something different. We will try to not get in the way of... It will be
:30:48. > :30:52.like a stand-off. It will be squaring up in the car park,
:30:52. > :30:57.pistols at dawn in the pit lanes. The ratings will be through the
:30:57. > :31:05.roof. Of the drivers will be wondering what is going on with
:31:05. > :31:10.everybody bumping into each other. And so will you say, I am here
:31:10. > :31:17.first? It will be a eyeballs. Wibble did on race victories.
:31:17. > :31:20.Whoever has the most. Is it true that some drivers pay to race?
:31:20. > :31:23.It is something that very few people understand about Formula One.
:31:23. > :31:26.If you took Wayne Rooney from Manchester United and played
:31:26. > :31:30.somebody who was giving Manchester United �10 million for the
:31:30. > :31:34.privilege, people might find that a difficult concept. It has always
:31:34. > :31:39.been the case in Formula One. It is an incredibly expensive sport and
:31:39. > :31:43.certain drivers, perhaps they have a sponsor. There is one who has a
:31:43. > :31:47.lot of Venezuelan money and he gives some of it to the team. He
:31:47. > :31:50.keeps some of it for himself for the salary and gives some to the
:31:50. > :31:55.team, so although he may not be as quick as somebody who is talented
:31:55. > :32:00.but does not have much money, he can make the car quicker.
:32:00. > :32:04.understand this. I don't understand anything. You like cars, and you
:32:04. > :32:10.pay for the privilege of having a nice car. You would if you could,
:32:10. > :32:15.but where does it start? What about if you fancy becoming a Formula One
:32:15. > :32:23.driver? Is it within your reach? Are you younger than any of us?
:32:23. > :32:28.Angellica Bell has been to find out how you might go about it.
:32:28. > :32:31.0-60 in 4.5 seconds. Your backside an inch off the ground. And did I
:32:31. > :32:36.mention 20 other drivers and their families, all of them willing you
:32:36. > :32:41.to fail? If you thought karting was a bit of holiday fun, you were
:32:41. > :32:46.wrong. This is a serious business. For the last 50 years, if you
:32:46. > :32:50.wanted a career in motor sport you had to start racing karts at places
:32:50. > :32:55.like Strathclyde, just like world champions Lewis Hamilton and Jenson
:32:55. > :33:01.Button. And a certain chiselled Scottish driver cut his teeth on a
:33:01. > :33:05.circuit like this in the 1980s, and he wasn't too bad either. Of course,
:33:05. > :33:10.it is raw talent that is the foundation for all of this, and
:33:10. > :33:15.these guys have buckets of it. The hope of each of these young drivers
:33:15. > :33:19.is to catch the eye of a sponsor or a scout from a professional team.
:33:19. > :33:23.But the reality for the parents is that this is one of the most
:33:23. > :33:28.expensive sports to participate in. Many people think go-karting is for
:33:28. > :33:32.rich kids. What would you say to that? We work very long hours to
:33:32. > :33:37.try to fund his racing. We have not had a holiday since 2001 because
:33:37. > :33:41.everything, and I mean everything, goes into his racing. To complete
:33:41. > :33:46.in seven rounds of the British championship would cost �10,000,
:33:46. > :33:50.and that is just for starters. We know there are huge costs in go-
:33:50. > :33:54.karting. What do you spend the money on? It generally just running
:33:54. > :34:04.the kart - tyres, engine tuning, going from A to B, the price of
:34:04. > :34:05.
:34:05. > :34:08.fuel. We enjoy it. He loves it more, you or him? Is the goal to get to
:34:08. > :34:12.Formula One? Definitely. And you can get some of the money back that
:34:12. > :34:17.you have put in. Hopefully, it would be good to get some money
:34:17. > :34:20.back. We have spent enough. With these financial pressures,
:34:20. > :34:23.motorsport careers can be over before drivers get out of the pit
:34:23. > :34:31.lane. But if everything clicks at the right time, something special
:34:31. > :34:35.can happen. Local boy Paul HIP that big time in 2009 when he became a
:34:35. > :34:39.Formula One driver, and he owes it all to karting. I believe it is the
:34:39. > :34:45.most important thing of any racing driver's career. You build your
:34:45. > :34:49.foundations there, your race craft. It is really a big family
:34:49. > :34:53.orientated sport. There are a lot of parents spending serious money.
:34:53. > :34:59.They think you can buy it, but it cannot be bought. Skills cannot be
:34:59. > :35:04.bought. It is about hard work and determination. It is about family
:35:04. > :35:14.support and enjoying the family -- enjoying the hobby as a family.
:35:14. > :35:22.
:35:22. > :35:27.have seen the kids do it so it is David Coulthard, eat your heart out.
:35:27. > :35:30.Do you remember those days? Absolutely. Fantastic times. You
:35:30. > :35:36.can see the talent there immediately. If you can drive karts,
:35:36. > :35:46.you know they have talent. But for heaven's sake, look at this clip of
:35:46. > :36:00.
:36:00. > :36:10.That is painful, painful! I thought you were really good. Not at
:36:10. > :36:14.football, but acting. I am very bad at football. You did not like that,
:36:14. > :36:18.did you? I thought that had disappeared into the mists of time.
:36:18. > :36:22.Last year somebody showed it to me on YouTube. Nowadays, nothing will
:36:22. > :36:29.disappear again. It is from an anti-smoking film that Glasgow
:36:29. > :36:39.council made in 1987 or something. My first ever paid acting job. I
:36:39. > :36:41.
:36:41. > :36:46.think I was 15. We have a picture of you here, DC. Can you see my
:36:46. > :36:51.steely focus? I think I was 12 years old. That was in the village
:36:51. > :36:56.in Scotland where I grew up, in my father's yard. I used to practise
:36:56. > :37:01.around the yard. Look at Jake, looking forlorn. We could not have
:37:01. > :37:11.one of you, could we? Yes, because your wife is friends with the
:37:11. > :37:12.
:37:12. > :37:17.producer. Look at little Jake. Superman. A look about as old as
:37:17. > :37:24.Sebastian Vettel. You are doing Spiderman in a Superman costume.
:37:24. > :37:28.could only afford one costume, so he had to improvise. It is the same
:37:28. > :37:36.colours. Do you fancy a pirate banquet? Jay Rayner has been
:37:36. > :37:44.preparing a feast for feisty pirates, but first, how about Jay
:37:44. > :37:48.debunking some food meths. This is For centuries, we believe the Earth
:37:48. > :37:52.was at the centre of the universe, that the world was flat and that
:37:52. > :37:55.eating crusts make your hair curly. But there are some scientists who
:37:55. > :38:03.say there are long-held beliefs in the kitchen which are long past
:38:03. > :38:08.their sell-by date. Why do you sift flour? To get some air into it.
:38:08. > :38:13.do you sift flour? To get the lumps out. What if I told you you did not
:38:13. > :38:18.need to sift it? I would probably still go on sifting it, habit of a
:38:18. > :38:23.lifetime. Cooking tips are often passed down from generation to
:38:23. > :38:27.generation without question. Professor Peter Barham from the
:38:27. > :38:32.University of Bristol specialises in the science of cooking. He's as
:38:32. > :38:36.some of the age-old tips, such as sieving flour, are completely
:38:36. > :38:41.pointless. You are going to mix other things in there and the lumps
:38:41. > :38:46.will go. You're saying you do not need to sift it? It just wastes
:38:46. > :38:50.time. Where did it come from? mum used to go shopping to the
:38:50. > :38:56.grocer's when I was a child and there was an open top of flour.
:38:56. > :39:04.Think what else might be in there. Some wildlife? Exactly. You do not
:39:04. > :39:09.want mouse droppings in your cake. He wants to convince me, starting
:39:09. > :39:18.with a state, searing the Jews in, as the cookbook says. It does not
:39:18. > :39:24.happen. So you want to Brown mistake, but you're not sealing the
:39:24. > :39:34.Jews in there. -- Brown at the stake. But you're not ceiling in
:39:34. > :39:35.
:39:35. > :39:45.A couple of minutes each side and the evidence is clear. The moment
:39:45. > :39:51.of truth. If it has been sealed, it should still weigh the same. 271.1
:39:51. > :39:57.grams. And falling, as even more of the juices evaporate into the air.
:39:57. > :40:05.It is not doing a good job of sealing it. They will carry on
:40:05. > :40:10.coming out for a while. He wants to bust another myth. We habitually
:40:10. > :40:18.add salt to boiled greens, but can we taste it? Call me when you are
:40:18. > :40:24.ready. Only he knows which plagues of beans have been boiled in salted
:40:24. > :40:30.water. -- which plates. I think that one, that one and that one are
:40:30. > :40:34.salted and those ones are not. got one of each wrong. Oh, dear. I
:40:34. > :40:40.did get four out of six right, but judging by previous experiments, he
:40:40. > :40:44.said that was a random chance. take them out of the water and the
:40:44. > :40:52.water drains off and takes the sort with it. By and large, nobody can
:40:52. > :40:57.get this test right. I am not going to feel bad about this. Finally, a
:40:57. > :41:01.meringue. Strictly egg whites, apparently not. That is the amount
:41:01. > :41:06.of a joke that most home cooks would regard as a disaster in their
:41:06. > :41:09.egg whites for a meringue. Here goes. The egg yolk contains fat. If
:41:09. > :41:14.you get that into the egg whites, you have to beat harder. And the
:41:14. > :41:24.old days, by hand, you would need a lot of energy to do it, but with an
:41:24. > :41:26.
:41:27. > :41:33.electric beater, no trouble. My pure egg whites are soon whipped
:41:33. > :41:43.up to a peak. Peter's with the added egg-yolk, take a bit longer.
:41:43. > :41:51.
:41:51. > :41:55.It's hard work. Now, Peter, I can see that if we did this for long
:41:55. > :41:59.enough it would go like that. I think the advice has to be, don't
:41:59. > :42:05.put egg yolks in your egg whites. Good advice, because it does take
:42:05. > :42:15.forever. Science may prove that a yokes do not ruin a meringue, but
:42:15. > :42:24.when it is such hard work, in this We are sitting at Captain Rayner's
:42:24. > :42:28.table. Before we tuck into this, any more myths about food? People
:42:28. > :42:34.assume red wine with neat, white wine with fish. If you are buying
:42:34. > :42:38.the wine, you can do what you like. There is red wine are you can do
:42:38. > :42:41.with fish, as long as you avoid the tannins, the rough stuff that comes
:42:41. > :42:47.with the appeal and the seats. Go for a light red wine and it will
:42:47. > :42:52.work perfectly with fish. You can do what you like. They are eating
:42:52. > :42:59.behind us. We did think addressing me as a pirate and we thought we
:42:59. > :43:03.did not need to. -- thought of dressing me up as a pirate. If you
:43:03. > :43:07.are red sea for a long time, there is a lot of sorting and pickling.
:43:07. > :43:11.Those are great methods of preserving food for a long time.
:43:11. > :43:21.Salt beef particularly is wonderful. If you put it in Brian Conley can
:43:21. > :43:25.
:43:25. > :43:29.You can eat. You might not want to, but please do. This is a stew, but
:43:29. > :43:35.nobody is entirely sure what has to be in it. This one has chicken,
:43:35. > :43:42.pickled vegetables, anchovies. You're not a huge fan of anchovies.
:43:42. > :43:52.But I am liking this. It dates back a long wave. What is a ship's
:43:52. > :44:02.biscuit. It looks like bread. pretty much his bread. You put the
:44:02. > :44:19.
:44:19. > :44:26.flour and water together. Should I Of course, there is this thing
:44:26. > :44:30.about wickets, and people who worked on boats. It is true, if
:44:30. > :44:35.you're out at sea, you're not going to get much in the way of fresh
:44:35. > :44:43.vegetables. Once they realised that scurvy was caused by a lack of
:44:43. > :44:50.vitamin C, they could do it with their rum punch. So, pirates were
:44:50. > :44:57.amongst the healthiest people on the sea? I would not say that, they
:44:57. > :45:07.had a very low life-expectancy, it is not a healthy lifestyle.
:45:07. > :45:35.
:45:35. > :45:40.David's new film, the pirates also We could not carry on without
:45:40. > :45:45.talking to our pirates. You're from the Isle of Wight. We are indeed.
:45:45. > :45:49.We are actually a pirate charity, we do performances all over the
:45:49. > :45:53.place, and educate people about pirates. Why would you do that
:45:53. > :45:57.Benstead people want to know about you, so you get to teach them about
:45:57. > :46:01.what pirates are really like. They are not what you might think. Most
:46:01. > :46:07.people think they're a bit too nice these days. That's thanks to
:46:07. > :46:12.Hollywood. In fact, they were criminals. Exactly. So they were
:46:12. > :46:20.not particularly nice people. But on the other hand, they were not
:46:20. > :46:26.quite as nasty as people said at the time. These pirates, they still
:46:26. > :46:32.had their wenches. So, what's your name? Marina. How come you got
:46:32. > :46:41.involved with this lot? I was part of a medieval re-enactment group. I
:46:41. > :46:51.got involved in this kind of thing, so I moved on into the pirate thing.
:46:51. > :47:15.
:47:16. > :47:19.I am Sue. Who is the best here at On the family grave in Hampshire,
:47:19. > :47:23.two initials commemorate one of the most famous women in British
:47:23. > :47:28.history, Florence Nightingale, widely regarded as the founder of
:47:28. > :47:34.modern nursing, and legendary for tending wounded soldiers during the
:47:34. > :47:41.Crimean War. She was born in Florence, hence the name. I knew
:47:41. > :47:48.she came from a wealthy family, but I wasn't expecting this. This is
:47:48. > :47:54.her family home in Romsey, Hampshire. Florence's father paid
:47:54. > :47:58.�125,000 for it in 1825, when over �9 million in today's money. I am
:47:58. > :48:06.spending the night here to find out how her childhood influenced the
:48:06. > :48:15.woman she was to become. This grand house is no was cool, but there is
:48:15. > :48:19.plenty Florence would recognise. I like this! The library was very
:48:19. > :48:23.important to Florence, from her earliest years, when she arrived
:48:23. > :48:27.here, aged five. She learned everything from her father,
:48:27. > :48:31.including philosophy and history. She is recorded to have been a
:48:32. > :48:35.superb mathematician, and a lot of that came from her father.
:48:35. > :48:39.young Florence grow up at a time when a woman of her class was
:48:39. > :48:44.expected to be a wife and mother, but she wanted something different.
:48:44. > :48:54.These are just some of her writings, thousands of letters and essays,
:48:54. > :48:58.
:48:58. > :49:03.statistical studies. She also sang and played the piano and later
:49:03. > :49:07.would recommend music as therapy for patients. The popular view of
:49:07. > :49:11.Florence Nightingale is as a gentle figure, wafting around with her
:49:11. > :49:15.lamp, but that was not necessarily the case. No, if she had been
:49:15. > :49:21.gentle, she would not have got anywhere. By the standards of the
:49:22. > :49:26.age, she was extremely feisty. If you thought of Margaret Thatcher
:49:26. > :49:36.with a lump, you would be much closer. Florence never got married,
:49:36. > :49:38.
:49:38. > :49:44.and often described herself as a man of action. -- with a lamp. By
:49:45. > :49:49.the 1850s, she was running a small hospital in London. When she set
:49:49. > :49:52.off in October 1854, she was just heading off an expedition of nurses,
:49:52. > :49:57.but when she found that the situation in the Crimea was so bad,
:49:57. > :50:04.and because her work was reported so favourably, immediately be she
:50:04. > :50:09.became a media star. So, where and my sleeping tonight? They have put
:50:09. > :50:17.me on the ground floor, where the butler slept. I know my place.
:50:17. > :50:21.Clearly, I was not going to make a film about Florence Nightingale
:50:21. > :50:31.without brandishing one of these. This is the type she used in the
:50:31. > :50:41.
:50:41. > :50:45.Crimea. Not the type seen so often I slept very benignly beneath the
:50:45. > :50:49.lovely big picture of Florence Nightingale. I wonder what she felt
:50:49. > :50:56.like being in this great big place, with these big gardens. I think she
:50:56. > :51:06.might have got a bit bored. I am thinking she really wanted to get
:51:06. > :51:14.out into the world. Another thing that struck me about this house is
:51:14. > :51:17.the fact that the windows had wonderful views. Particularly here,
:51:17. > :51:24.in the drawing room, which was added as an extension to the house
:51:24. > :51:28.by the Nightingale family in the 1830s. She later wondered about
:51:28. > :51:31.turning it into a hospital ward. She might have preferred this place
:51:31. > :51:35.to have been a hospital, but I doubt she would have minded it
:51:35. > :51:38.being a school, a place to inspire young people to get out into the
:51:38. > :51:45.world and follow the example of Florence Nightingale, get things
:51:45. > :51:52.done. Good advice. If you're worried about the pirates, things
:51:52. > :51:55.have calmed down over there. It was always the way, apparently.
:51:55. > :51:59.Queen's diamond jubilee celebrations are on their way, and
:51:59. > :52:06.you are all invited to the big street party. The man handing out
:52:07. > :52:10.the invitations is the Eden Project's Tim Smit. We are hoping
:52:10. > :52:15.to put together the biggest gathering of people on the streets
:52:15. > :52:19.of our country since VE Day. It is happening on June 3rd. There's four
:52:19. > :52:23.days of celebrations, the wonderful pageant on the River Thames in
:52:23. > :52:27.London, the concert on the Monday, the beacons all over the country,
:52:28. > :52:31.and the thing which takes place everywhere in Britain will be the
:52:31. > :52:35.Big Lunch, where ordinary people get out and meet their neighbours.
:52:36. > :52:40.You have done this before, you were not sure whether to do it again,
:52:40. > :52:45.but you had all of this correspondence afterwards? Yes, we
:52:45. > :52:49.had about a million people taking part, and then people said, it has
:52:49. > :52:54.changed our neighbourhoods, we have set up babysitting circles, cycling
:52:54. > :53:00.clubs, it has created a fabric in society. Last year we had four
:53:00. > :53:06.million people taking part. You have Barbara Windsor on. Yes, live
:53:06. > :53:09.on the show. Absolutely, but this year, already come on the website,
:53:10. > :53:14.we have had more than five times the number of people who took part
:53:14. > :53:18.last year have registered already. You have said that one of the most
:53:18. > :53:24.difficult things is just knocking on the door and saying hello to
:53:24. > :53:30.your neighbour for the first time, for some people? That's right. It
:53:30. > :53:33.carries through right into your adulthood. The Big Lunch gives you
:53:33. > :53:42.permission to knock on that door and say, a friend, let's have lunch
:53:42. > :53:45.together. Do you know the names of your neighbours, Jake? Yes, and
:53:45. > :53:55.didn't quite proud of that, because it does not always happen in London.
:53:55. > :53:59.So, the names are...? We have flats next door to us, Peter and Maddie
:53:59. > :54:07.in the top flat, Peter is a West End star, John and Gustav
:54:07. > :54:13.downstairs. A couple of South African brothers. Barbara
:54:13. > :54:23.downstairs, and above Barbara, they have just moved in. But I do not
:54:23. > :54:28.know their names. What about you, David, you live in Monaco? Yes, so,
:54:28. > :54:36.Prince Albert is my landlord, I guess. Can you get him involved
:54:36. > :54:44.with the Big Lunch, please? Is bunting biggie in Monaco? I'm not
:54:44. > :54:49.sure. I am in a racing block, for racing drivers. I have got Felipe
:54:49. > :54:55.Massa as my neighbour. His little kid running up and down, or maybe
:54:55. > :54:58.it is him. What about you, David Tennant? I am very well acquainted
:54:58. > :55:02.with my neighbours, but I'm not going into it on national
:55:02. > :55:11.television. Very diplomatic. Good luck with this, and thanks for
:55:11. > :55:16.being here, Tim Smit. And we have got more about that on our website.
:55:16. > :55:19.Here's a story, last month, Britain's rhythmic gymnastics team
:55:19. > :55:23.were on the show, fearing that their Olympic dream was over, after
:55:23. > :55:29.a misunderstanding on qualification. The last time they were here, they
:55:29. > :55:36.could not have been more sad. But I bet they will be a lot happier now,
:55:36. > :55:42.because they will be participating after all. Come in, Sarah, can you
:55:42. > :55:49.hear us? Yes, we can hear you. us about the moment you realised
:55:49. > :55:53.you were in the Games. Oh, it was just fantastic. We all gathered
:55:53. > :56:00.together in a room, we were holding hands, and we got the news, we just
:56:00. > :56:04.screamed.. Could you believe it at the time? Well, yes, because we
:56:04. > :56:11.always knew we were right on the documents. But it was great that it
:56:11. > :56:17.finally happened, and we were going to the Olympic Games. I know it was
:56:17. > :56:23.really emotional, but what was the moment actually like? We had to
:56:23. > :56:32.prepare ourselves for the worst, so we were hoping for good news, but
:56:32. > :56:38.obviously, we were not so sure. you scream and shout? Screaming,
:56:38. > :56:42.shouting, crying, everything. That's the way to do it, hope for
:56:42. > :56:45.the best, prepare for the worst. are really looking forward to
:56:45. > :56:49.seeing you perform in the Games. And they have done something