:00:23. > :00:27.Hello and welcome to The One Show with Alex Jones and Matt Baker.
:00:27. > :00:31.Tonight, Dom Littlewood has the borough in the battle against child
:00:31. > :00:37.autism. And on A level results day, we are
:00:37. > :00:42.going back to school to try to pass the very famous exam, called, put
:00:42. > :00:49.your hand in a box with an animal, when you don't know what the animal
:00:49. > :00:57.is! And with us, the real live animal man it is Sir John Stevens!
:00:57. > :01:01.-- Steve Backshall! What a lovely reception! Even a scream and a
:01:01. > :01:07.cheer. Any way, the story in the headlines today, the story that
:01:07. > :01:12.shocked the nation, is the story of Ian Martin Redmond who was attacked
:01:12. > :01:18.and killed by a shark. Our thoughts go out to his family. What is there
:01:18. > :01:25.to say about this? This is so desperately rare. In the Seychelles,
:01:25. > :01:29.these are the attacks there are for the first time in the 0. This does
:01:29. > :01:35.not really happen. Six people in the whole world have been killed by
:01:35. > :01:40.sharks in a year. Since the 15 hundreds, less than 600 people have
:01:40. > :01:45.been killed by sharks. This is a tragedy, but it is unbelievably
:01:45. > :01:50.rare. Does it make you afraid? No. I have
:01:50. > :01:57.dived with sharks loads of times. I'm filming with great whites next
:01:57. > :02:02.week. They are just as safe to dive with as dolphins and Wales, but
:02:02. > :02:08.this is a -- whales and but once in a while, things happen.
:02:08. > :02:12.Now, then, thanks to better medical know-how more children than ever
:02:12. > :02:17.are being diagnosed with autism. Dom Littlewood has the story of how
:02:17. > :02:21.a robot is giving parents hope. It is said about 500,000 people in
:02:21. > :02:25.the UK live with autism. The disability affects how a person
:02:25. > :02:33.communicates with and relates to other people. It affects how they
:02:33. > :02:38.make sense of the world around them. Auto istic children like Eden can
:02:38. > :02:43.suffer immense anxiety every day. She can be physically aggressive.
:02:43. > :02:51.It is upsetting. No-one wants to be hurt by their child, but she can
:02:51. > :02:57.flip out. She is tiny. Her day to day routine is all set
:02:58. > :03:07.out. She does like her routines. She like as timeline of where she
:03:08. > :03:10.
:03:10. > :03:18.is at any time in the day. What is her autoyim like? She has a
:03:18. > :03:23.-- she is at the higher end of the autism spectrum. 7 For parents like
:03:23. > :03:31.Clare, help is at hand. Behavioural therapy is the norm,
:03:31. > :03:36.but time, -- but today, I'm meeting a teacher whose pushing the
:03:36. > :03:42.boundaries even further. Meet Kaspar a robot used for the
:03:42. > :03:46.first time in autism therapy. Generally children have
:03:46. > :03:51.difficulties in autoyim in the areas of conversation,
:03:51. > :03:55.communication, socialism and fantasy. We are targeting all of
:03:55. > :04:04.the areas, but mainly social interaction.
:04:04. > :04:11.What makes Kaspar different? He is not an expressive robot. We remove
:04:11. > :04:14.the features that autistic children have trouble with.
:04:14. > :04:20.Kaspar's simplyified fence means that the children can learn more
:04:20. > :04:26.easily that a smile means happy and a frown is unhappy.
:04:26. > :04:34.One example of a positive tactile interaction is this... If you were
:04:34. > :04:37.to hit the robot,... The robot indicates that this is a
:04:38. > :04:43.billionaire that can hurt. So we want them to reflect on the
:04:43. > :04:48.consequences of what they do. I have come to Tracks a specialist
:04:48. > :04:53.school in Hertfordshire, where Eden is about to put Kaspar to the test
:04:54. > :04:59.with a series of games. We have a game, one child controls
:04:59. > :05:05.the robots by pressing the buttons. The other child coppice the robot.
:05:05. > :05:10.So they play an imitation game. Today, Ben is playing the role of
:05:10. > :05:14.the other child. He is hiding, I'm hiding too.
:05:14. > :05:17.Eden hits the buttons that control his expressions.
:05:17. > :05:24.Ben shows the same expression on his face.
:05:24. > :05:30.What is the face now? Sad. Ben is getting results.
:05:30. > :05:34.No now, what is this? Happy. This is the first time she playing
:05:34. > :05:40.directly with me instead of the robot. For me, this was a big step
:05:40. > :05:48.what we did. I am really surprised. Really taken with it. Up until now,
:05:48. > :05:54.I have not had 24 this interaction. It is not just Eden, other children
:05:54. > :06:00.like Ronnie are learning too. The parents are noticing their
:06:00. > :06:04.change in behaviour. He knows the difference between the
:06:04. > :06:09.sad face and a happy face it has calmed him down a lot. I would love
:06:09. > :06:13.to have Kaspar at home. It is hard to tell what is the most
:06:13. > :06:19.effective treatment for autism, every child is unique, but one
:06:19. > :06:23.thing is for sure? Where do you want to go? We need to go to school.
:06:23. > :06:28.The social interaction taught by Kaspar offers real hope for Eden
:06:28. > :06:32.and many others with autism. Thanks to Eden and her mum. Good
:06:33. > :06:36.news, Eden is doing so well, she is joining her friends at the local
:06:36. > :06:40.school in September. Now, Dr Mark Porter is here with
:06:40. > :06:45.Kaspar. I'm sure lots of viewers out there, when they saw Kaspar,
:06:45. > :06:51.would have thought that is a scary robot, but when it is explained you
:06:51. > :06:55.can understand why? You have to look at Kaspar through the eyes of
:06:55. > :07:00.a child with autism. They look at you, and it is too much. It is
:07:00. > :07:06.overload. It is scary. They would probably ignore or avoid you.
:07:07. > :07:10.Kaspar is simple. That attracts them. He is designed to be what he
:07:10. > :07:17.is to them. You have to remember that.
:07:17. > :07:22.You use the cues that you deal with your four-year-old, but that causes
:07:22. > :07:28.anxiety in a child with autism. Watching the film, watching Eden
:07:28. > :07:32.interact with the row boat and Ben, I would never have guessed that she
:07:32. > :07:36.had autism. She looked like a normal child. That is something
:07:36. > :07:41.that you don't see in children with autism. They are very different.
:07:42. > :07:48.Steve, you were saying that you have a lot of letters from parents
:07:48. > :07:56.with autoistic children? I knew nothing about autism until I did a
:07:56. > :08:00.kids wildlife series. It is total yael overwhelming, -- totally
:08:00. > :08:04.overwhelming. They say that they switch on and find this type of
:08:04. > :08:07.thing really easy to relate to. I found it overwhelming to get this
:08:08. > :08:12.feedback. For all of the parents who are
:08:12. > :08:17.worried that their child may have autism, what are the signs?
:08:17. > :08:20.thing to notice is that you notice that something is not right. That
:08:20. > :08:24.they are different to other children. There could abdelay with
:08:24. > :08:30.language development, they may not interact with you or other children.
:08:30. > :08:35.As they get older, you see the signs that they are lorns, they
:08:35. > :08:41.have obsessive routines, not good at reading situations.
:08:41. > :08:45.-- they are loners. And call the GP? Yes.
:08:45. > :08:51.Now, moving with the train- traveling public, we are now facing
:08:51. > :08:58.a hike in fares. Alex Riley set out to help passengers let off some
:08:58. > :09:00.steam. COMMENTATOR: We are now arriving at
:09:00. > :09:05.London's Liverpool Street where the train terminates.
:09:05. > :09:10.I don't like to be the bearer of bad news, but according to figures,
:09:10. > :09:15.trains are becoming overcrowded. Commuters have to pay up to 30%
:09:15. > :09:20.more in ticket prices too. So we are standing up and being asked to
:09:20. > :09:26.pay more for the privilege. Is it a wonder that people are so stressed!
:09:26. > :09:30.It is hard getting off the train when it is packed With the crowds
:09:30. > :09:33.it annoys me. Having to stand up when you are paying money for a
:09:33. > :09:35.seat. It is frustrate, it makes me want
:09:35. > :09:41.to punch something, but you can't do that.
:09:41. > :09:46.Well, in China, you can chump these. Since last week, stressed out
:09:46. > :09:50.commuters are urged to work out frustrations on goint punch bags
:09:50. > :09:57.placed at train stations, the Chinese may be on to something here.
:09:57. > :10:07.I decided to set up our very own The One Show commuter stress buster.
:10:07. > :10:12.
:10:13. > :10:18.To help out, we enlisted this fella! Do you ever get stressed?
:10:18. > :10:22.No? Never. How was the journey this morning?
:10:22. > :10:26.little stressful. Allow me to remove that stress, to
:10:26. > :10:33.take that stress away, we have the commuterer stret buster here. Use
:10:33. > :10:40.this to take out the frustrations. -- commuter stress buster.
:10:40. > :10:46.There is one for Boris! Just think, the price is going up, you are not
:10:46. > :10:51.getting enough seats! Go on, hit it! You are being justled. Somebody
:10:51. > :10:56.has a dog, they are slobbering all over your trousers. You have an
:10:56. > :11:06.important meeting in the morning! We have the answer, it is T'ai Chi,
:11:06. > :11:06.
:11:06. > :11:12.if you would like to come over. It has changed your life, hasn't
:11:12. > :11:18.it? Yes, thank you very much. Look at you, you are so benign.
:11:18. > :11:26.I am so relaxed. Inhale, exlail. Do one minute.
:11:26. > :11:30.I feel relaxed. It was fantastic! You need to put this here every day,
:11:30. > :11:36.I think. Now, that felt good! Amazing. We
:11:36. > :11:41.have had that stress buster in the office. It is in shreds! Speaking
:11:41. > :11:46.of which, are you stressed? No! I spend my entire life working
:11:46. > :11:50.outdoors with animals, how can you ever be stressed? It is the best
:11:50. > :11:56.way to spend your life. And if you are stressed, you just
:11:56. > :12:01.pull out a caiman! I have to say, that would be weird, but this is
:12:01. > :12:06.friend of mine, a little caiman, a couple of months old. At this stage
:12:06. > :12:10.it is cute, but they get to be fearsome looking when they are
:12:10. > :12:15.adults. Let's talk about your new book,
:12:15. > :12:22.Looking For Adventure, you have had an incredible career, traveling all
:12:22. > :12:25.over the world, but why here, why Papua New Guinea? It is an
:12:25. > :12:31.incredible place. It is somewhere where I went when I was eight or
:12:31. > :12:38.nine years old. It seemed frightening. It is an island of
:12:38. > :12:43.cannibals and I remember thinking that is the most terrifying
:12:43. > :12:49.frightening place on the planet. I did not get the opportunity to
:12:49. > :12:55.explore there until I was in my early 20s, I was working for the
:12:55. > :13:00.Rough Guides. I went out there for adventure, it was appalling. I was
:13:00. > :13:05.unprepared. I got scared, frightened it came to a sorry end,
:13:05. > :13:08.but a few years later I got the opportunity to go back there and to
:13:08. > :13:13.discover new species and go to parts of Papua New Guinea that
:13:13. > :13:19.people had never been to before. It was one of the great expeditions of
:13:19. > :13:24.my life. Putting that together with a book along with a bit about what
:13:24. > :13:28.has driven me, why I do what I do for a living and how I ended up
:13:28. > :13:33.here, I got that. A great bobbing, but we have to
:13:33. > :13:39.talk about the Alan Dedicoat. It is massively successful. It started
:13:40. > :13:45.off as a kids' television, now it is on prime time. What is it that
:13:45. > :13:50.you think is so fascinating -- Deadly 60.
:13:50. > :13:56.I think that we have a fascination with animals big or small.
:13:56. > :14:02.Especially something that could do us danger. You see the fascination
:14:02. > :14:08.everywhere. For me, though, it goes on further, it is all about animals
:14:08. > :14:12.that are deadly in their own world. If you are an aphid, then a lady
:14:12. > :14:16.aphid is the most deadly animal in the world.
:14:16. > :14:20.That slight change of perspective has allowed me to film thousands of
:14:20. > :14:25.species. You do get right in there. Let's
:14:25. > :14:30.have a look at Sunday night's programme with a massive squid.
:14:30. > :14:34.At first, he was not that pleased to see us! Look at all of the tink
:14:34. > :14:39.is squirting into the water. That is the method that the squid uses
:14:39. > :14:46.to get away from its predators. No predator will know where it is
:14:46. > :14:53.behind the smoke screen. Look at it now, covering the camera! OK. I'm
:14:53. > :15:01.going to gently try to take control of the head... Oh,! I have got it.
:15:01. > :15:07.I have got my first squid under water! APPLAUSE! Massive! So, you
:15:07. > :15:13.have done the deadly 60, what happens now? It does not end. We
:15:13. > :15:18.are doing one, two, three series. The more you spend doing these
:15:18. > :15:24.things, the list is eternal. We could carry on doing it forever.
:15:24. > :15:28.So, caiman's escaped, by the way! It is unbelievable, look after
:15:28. > :15:34.yourself! Thanks, Steve, and we are really looking forward to the
:15:34. > :15:38.Animal Challenge later on! In your book was a wonderful picture of you
:15:38. > :15:43.with our book mand your old friend, George McGavin. Here you are.
:15:43. > :15:49.George McGavin has a film about a little species that packs in a very
:15:49. > :15:53.big punch. Cardiff Bay is Europe's largest
:15:53. > :16:00.waterfront development. Full of fashionable restaurants and
:16:00. > :16:04.apartments. Yet, this pretty facade hides a pesty problem. Midgis,
:16:04. > :16:08.millions of them. Breeding fewer accountsly under the water.
:16:08. > :16:13.But whilst the Midgis are being dealt with, another unwelcome
:16:13. > :16:18.creature was discovered lurking beneath the surface. On a
:16:18. > :16:24.monitoring trip of the bay, the harbour authority came across
:16:24. > :16:32.something that they had never seen in the water before, the killer
:16:32. > :16:36.shrimp! An alien species from Eastern Europe. Professor Ormerod
:16:36. > :16:41.has begun to unravel a mystery that's been hitting the news across
:16:41. > :16:45.the country. The headlines make it seem enormous,
:16:45. > :16:49.but how serious an issue are they? In conservation terms lots and lots
:16:49. > :16:55.of evidence that has come out before suggests that they could be
:16:55. > :17:00.really quite damaging. So they feed rapidly on things like insects.
:17:00. > :17:06.They outcompete other shrimps. There is a risk that they could be
:17:06. > :17:11.feeding on things like fish eggs. Originally from the Caspian and
:17:11. > :17:15.black seas, the killer shrimps are spreading fast, hitching rides on
:17:15. > :17:19.the bottom of boats. In parts of Europe, they have caused local
:17:19. > :17:25.extinction of native shrimps, the effects are being felt through the
:17:25. > :17:29.food chain. This is why it is worrying that they have arrived on
:17:29. > :17:35.our shores. Estimate how many do you think --
:17:35. > :17:39.think are in the bay? Anything from about 300 for are a square metre,
:17:40. > :17:43.up to more than 5,000 per square metre.
:17:43. > :17:50.They appear to be doing well here. One of the questions once they were
:17:50. > :17:55.discovered is what is making them so abuntened.
:17:55. > :18:00.They have discovered that the answer lies with another alien
:18:00. > :18:07.under the water. The zebra mussel. There we go.
:18:07. > :18:11.You can see in among them the shrimps?. Yes, in large numbers.
:18:11. > :18:18.Yes, they are all over the place. Look at that they are everywhere!
:18:18. > :18:21.They don't look big, and they don't look like they could kill much!
:18:21. > :18:27.Well, they are clearly eating something, so it is off to the lab
:18:27. > :18:31.to find out what. These are some of the same shrimps
:18:31. > :18:36.with collected this morning in Cardiff Bay from the patch of rope
:18:36. > :18:40.where all of the zebra mussels were. What is fascinating about the
:18:40. > :18:46.shrimps is the contents of their guts. They contain the waste
:18:46. > :18:52.products of the zebra mussels, with so many mussels in the bay, it is
:18:52. > :18:59.clear that the shrimps have lots to feed on. Explaining their abundance,
:18:59. > :19:05.but, t looking at their mouth parts it is obvious that they are capable
:19:05. > :19:12.of eating more. Research has shown, when there are no mussels around
:19:12. > :19:15.they can be vorairbgs -- voracious predators, shown her devouring a
:19:15. > :19:20.native shrimp. What happens if these escape from
:19:20. > :19:27.the bay? What are the risks of that? If they were to break out of
:19:27. > :19:32.Cardiff Bay to move into the river system, possibly feeding on other
:19:33. > :19:36.invertebrates, reducing the number of eggs, this could mean a serious
:19:36. > :19:43.issue if this broke out. So serious, that the Environment
:19:43. > :19:47.Agency have put killer shrimps at the top of their Most Dangerous
:19:47. > :19:53.species list, but there are things to do to stop them spreading. If
:19:53. > :19:58.you are a boater or fisherman or diver, there are steps to take to
:19:58. > :20:01.help to contain the problem. Wash your kit and dry it thoroughly. If
:20:01. > :20:07.you find the killer shrimp, Tel Aviv where you found it.
:20:07. > :20:12.Yeah, but don't let it put you off. Apart from the killer shrimp,
:20:12. > :20:19.Cardiff Bay is really nice. The killer shrimp, are they on your
:20:19. > :20:23.Deadly 60? Not yet, but they could They are destructive, so definitely,
:20:23. > :20:28.yet. Not as impressive as the shimp,
:20:28. > :20:33.though? Maybe no. Earlier, we asked Steve to have a
:20:33. > :20:39.go at our celebrity slo-mo with a little help from our feathered
:20:39. > :20:43.friend. We set you up with a massive eagle owl. Here we are in
:20:43. > :20:49.slo-mo. That owl is impressive. You can see all the details of its
:20:49. > :20:54.wings. This is a young male. A fully grown female owl could have a
:20:54. > :21:02.wing span of two metres. They could be capable of killing and flying
:21:02. > :21:06.away with a fox. They have even been capable of scoffing down a
:21:06. > :21:11.hedgehog too! We can pop that on the DVD and you have have it when
:21:11. > :21:16.you get home! Thank you very much. For the servicemen and women who
:21:16. > :21:23.suffer injuries from the front line, learning to cope at home can be an
:21:23. > :21:27.even harder battle. Tobin is determined to do her bit
:21:27. > :21:37.for our service men and women and the whole village has decided to
:21:37. > :21:39.
:21:39. > :21:43.chip N Now, the reason I've come to this
:21:43. > :21:48.village in Dumfries, is to meet an extraordinary woman doing amazing
:21:48. > :21:53.things to help young servicemen, some of whom have had life-changing
:21:53. > :22:01.injuries, she is doing all of this from her own home. A few years ago,
:22:01. > :22:06.when it seemed that almost every day, the news told us of service
:22:06. > :22:09.personnel killed on the front line, former brigadier's daughter,
:22:09. > :22:17.Jennifer Tobin, said she could not stand by.
:22:17. > :22:22.My father was a surgeon. I have space here, I just looked at
:22:22. > :22:27.the lads coming back on the television news reels and I thought,
:22:27. > :22:32.of course, they need a holiday. 42 Commando have found themselves
:22:32. > :22:40.in the thick of frontline action, but today, ten of their rank have
:22:40. > :22:43.headed north to Plymouth to enjoy a week of Jennifer's hospital who --
:22:43. > :22:48.hospitality. I am glad to see you here. You are
:22:48. > :22:52.here to have fun. All of the people are here because they want to be
:22:52. > :22:57.here for you. Jennifer's generosity is helped
:22:57. > :23:01.with the other members of the community. Some to do household
:23:01. > :23:03.cores, and baking, and one of the servicemen gets a massage.
:23:04. > :23:13.It relieves the stress and the tension.
:23:14. > :23:14.
:23:14. > :23:19.All of the service personnel, have been medically downgraded, many of
:23:19. > :23:26.them unable to return to duty, she has helped hundreds of them get
:23:26. > :23:31.back on their feet. Chris was injured with a roadside
:23:31. > :23:35.bomb. We went over a roadside IED. I was
:23:35. > :23:38.thrown up and my legs were stuck in the top of the vehicle, it fell
:23:38. > :23:43.then back down. What does a week like this give
:23:43. > :23:48.you? You must be getting back into shape, what does a week like this
:23:48. > :23:52.give you outside of that? It let's you unwind a little bit. Gets you
:23:52. > :23:58.off camp, to relax, to get back into the swing of things.
:23:58. > :24:01.There is nothing that the real life action heroes like better than
:24:01. > :24:11.extreme sports. Jennifer has persuaded local organisers to pitch
:24:11. > :24:11.
:24:11. > :24:21.LAUGHTER! It's about testing the body and finding actions that still
:24:21. > :24:22.
:24:22. > :24:27.work, that the body still works, and about feeling life again.
:24:27. > :24:31.Another local supporter is former major Richard Herman, who runs
:24:31. > :24:35.activities at a local sailing centre.
:24:35. > :24:40.Jennifer is an extraordinary lady, she has the communities together,
:24:40. > :24:46.the men together, it helps to take their mind off the experiences
:24:46. > :24:50.they've been through, it gives them a fun but still reasonably
:24:50. > :24:54.challenging environment. Some of the lads have minor injuries
:24:55. > :24:59.keeming them away from duty, but overall, the figures are sobering.
:24:59. > :25:03.In the last five years in the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq,
:25:03. > :25:06.16,000 UK personnel have been injured. Many of them will have to
:25:06. > :25:12.live with the injuries for the rest of their lives.
:25:12. > :25:19.With we talk about military perpbl, there are some with very serious
:25:19. > :25:28.and -- military personal, there are many with serious scarring? We had
:25:28. > :25:33.one chap who could not climb a wall. We tied him to another strong chap
:25:33. > :25:36.and got them climbing up a wall again. The effect on him was
:25:36. > :25:41.fantastic. Jennifer relies on donations, one
:25:41. > :25:45.member of the local Scottish Parliament was so impressed, he is
:25:45. > :25:50.donating a quarter of his pension to the centre to fund a dedicated
:25:50. > :25:54.member of staff. There are hopes of further recognition and wider
:25:54. > :26:00.support that their good work will continue and grow. On behalf of
:26:00. > :26:06.myself and all of the lads from 4 dp commando, we have had an amazing
:26:06. > :26:10.time. -- from 42 Commando. We have had an
:26:10. > :26:15.amazing time. Thank you.
:26:15. > :26:22.What a super job Jennifer has got. Now, then, we know that you know
:26:22. > :26:28.your creatures, Steve, to be fair, I can hardly tell a gerbil from a
:26:28. > :26:32.giraffe! I promise, there are no giraffes in here! What you have to
:26:32. > :26:35.do is put your hand inside. I promise you, it will not do any
:26:35. > :26:44.damage. So, we are putting our hands
:26:44. > :26:49.blindly into the unknown, without gloves, to play... What's it
:26:49. > :26:55.Bacshall's box of beasties! So, we genuinely don't know what is in the
:26:56. > :27:01.boxes, but you are going to give us some clues, are you? I will.
:27:01. > :27:08.Matt, you go first! This is an animal that has caused a lot of
:27:08. > :27:14.damage around the world. Am I OK? You are doing good, go
:27:14. > :27:21.over to the right... Oh! What you are touching are the poison glands
:27:21. > :27:25.on its back. It does see create a toxin, you pli
:27:25. > :27:32.have to wash your hands afterwards. Go to the right.
:27:32. > :27:38.Go to the right. You are doing good. Any guesses?
:27:38. > :27:46.idea? Is it scaley? Is it a reptile? It is an amphibian.
:27:46. > :27:56.Is it a ter pin? No? It is, almost it is a toad! A pretty good guess.
:27:56. > :27:56.
:27:56. > :28:02.Alex, you are up next. Honestly, there is no need. I would
:28:02. > :28:10.not give you anything... It will not bite you, I promise.
:28:10. > :28:16.Argue! It is a baby animal. Hello! You will frighten it!
:28:16. > :28:22.think it's a rabbit. No, it is something that will
:28:22. > :28:29.attack and kill a rabbit. No! Keep going. Try a bit more.
:28:29. > :28:36.Is it a little fox? No, it is very young, it is Fife weeks old, it is
:28:36. > :28:46.a baby ferret. Matt, over to you -- It is only
:28:46. > :28:50.five weeks old it is a baby ferret. Matt, over to you. You carry on.