0:00:02 > 0:00:06Hola mis amigos! Bienvenidos a Barney's America Latina!
0:00:06 > 0:00:08Arriba! Arriba! It's show time.
0:00:08 > 0:00:11Let me introduce you to a crazy carnival of creatures,
0:00:11 > 0:00:14from fabulously freaky frogs, to hollering howler monkeys,
0:00:14 > 0:00:17to manic meat-eating plants. Es magnifico!
0:00:17 > 0:00:20And what's more, they're all connected to each other in
0:00:20 > 0:00:24this wonderful world of wildlife by funny, fabulous and fantastic facts.
0:00:24 > 0:00:26- Get on with it!- Oh, sorry.
0:00:26 > 0:00:31Tres, dos, uno, es la hora de Barney's Latin America.
0:00:41 > 0:00:45All right. I spy, with my little eye, something beginning with...
0:00:45 > 0:00:46T.
0:00:46 > 0:00:48Trees?
0:00:48 > 0:00:51- How do you do it?- I use my eyes.
0:00:51 > 0:00:54Yeah, you can do all sorts with your eyes, can't you?
0:00:54 > 0:00:57You can hide them. Now you see them, now you don't!
0:00:57 > 0:00:59You can go cross-eyed. That's my favourite one.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02Although it does make me go a bit dizzy.
0:01:02 > 0:01:04Oh, you can be flirty with your eyes.
0:01:05 > 0:01:08All right, you! Calm down!
0:01:08 > 0:01:12To the animals out here in the wilds of Latin America, seeing what's
0:01:12 > 0:01:17around you can quite literally be a matter of life and death. Barney!
0:01:17 > 0:01:19Sorry.
0:01:19 > 0:01:24Some animals have big eyes, some have small eyes. Some have hidden eyes.
0:01:24 > 0:01:26Some animals can see in the dark.
0:01:26 > 0:01:29And some animals have multiple vision.
0:01:29 > 0:01:32And some don't to use their eyes at all.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34So how do they find their way around?
0:01:34 > 0:01:37Animals have all sorts of different senses we don't have.
0:01:37 > 0:01:40- So, how do they see? - All is going to be reviewed
0:01:40 > 0:01:42in today's show, which is called...
0:01:42 > 0:01:44Eye See You Baby!
0:01:44 > 0:01:47- So let's see if you can see what our first animal is. Ready?- OK.
0:01:47 > 0:01:50I spy, with my little eye, something beginning with I.
0:01:50 > 0:01:54Ice-cream. Igloo. Indifference.
0:01:54 > 0:01:59You don't really get this game, do you? No.
0:02:06 > 0:02:09OK, here's our first visionary wonder.
0:02:09 > 0:02:13Wow, it's a dinosaur!
0:02:13 > 0:02:16Is it at do you think he saurus? Quick, run!
0:02:16 > 0:02:19No, don't worry. This limey lizard is a green iguana.
0:02:19 > 0:02:22Not too close, I'm a bit shy.
0:02:22 > 0:02:25Those claws look at bit prehistoric. Look how sharp they are!
0:02:25 > 0:02:28Calm down, they're no claws for concern.
0:02:28 > 0:02:31Thanks to the patterned eyelids that look like open eyes,
0:02:31 > 0:02:35these lizards look like they're awake, even when they're asleep.
0:02:35 > 0:02:38Brilliant, I could have done with a pair of those at school.
0:02:38 > 0:02:39Shh! They're asleep.
0:02:39 > 0:02:42Sorry.
0:02:42 > 0:02:44But when they do open their eyes,
0:02:44 > 0:02:46they use their sharp claws to climb up trees
0:02:46 > 0:02:51and avoid being part of the great Latin America lunchbox.
0:02:51 > 0:02:53And turn other animals into lunch, I reckon.
0:02:53 > 0:02:56- Well actually, they're herbivores. - Herbie who?
0:02:56 > 0:02:58Vegetarians, they eat lots of green leaves.
0:02:58 > 0:03:01Well, you know what they say, you are what you eat.
0:03:01 > 0:03:03Perhaps that's why they're so green.
0:03:03 > 0:03:05Somehow I doubt it.
0:03:05 > 0:03:08I know, they're green as it gives them good camouflage in the trees.
0:03:08 > 0:03:12Exactly. Although, they can be an number of other colours,
0:03:12 > 0:03:14including orange and even lavender.
0:03:14 > 0:03:18A lavender iguana, strange.
0:03:18 > 0:03:21- Bet it smells nice, though. - Moving on...
0:03:23 > 0:03:27These iguanas have really good eyesight. So, by climbing high up
0:03:27 > 0:03:33in the canopy, they get a good look at what's going on down below.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36Coo-ee! I'm up here!
0:03:36 > 0:03:37Can't you see me?
0:03:37 > 0:03:39So, they sit in the trees eating leaves
0:03:39 > 0:03:42and having a good old look around down below?
0:03:42 > 0:03:44Why not keep an eye on the sky?
0:03:44 > 0:03:46That's where these ingenious iguanas
0:03:46 > 0:03:48have an extra trick up their scaly sleeve.
0:03:48 > 0:03:52Or should I say, extra eye on their head.
0:03:52 > 0:03:54Back up there, Gem.
0:03:54 > 0:03:56An extra eye?!
0:03:58 > 0:04:00Eye caramba!
0:04:00 > 0:04:03It's not actually an eye, it's more of a sensor on top of their head.
0:04:03 > 0:04:04It can detect changes in light.
0:04:04 > 0:04:07It's also known as their third eye.
0:04:07 > 0:04:10Ah, clever stuff. Very enlightening.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13So, if anything approaches from above and casts a shadow...
0:04:13 > 0:04:15Ey up! There's a change in light.
0:04:15 > 0:04:19..just like this red tailed hawk...
0:04:19 > 0:04:21Can't see me up here, lizard.
0:04:21 > 0:04:25The iguana can sense it well before it's within striking distance,
0:04:25 > 0:04:26and simply get out of the way.
0:04:26 > 0:04:30Where can they run to when they're stuck up a tree?
0:04:30 > 0:04:33They're clever enough to hang out near water.
0:04:33 > 0:04:36That way, if they find themselves out on a limb...
0:04:40 > 0:04:43They can show off their high-diving technique.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48- Think again my feathered friend! - Oh, that's going to hurt.
0:04:48 > 0:04:51Well, no. They just inflate their lungs,
0:04:51 > 0:04:55use them like air bags to absorb the impact, and off they go.
0:04:55 > 0:04:57Splashing, I mean, smashing.
0:04:59 > 0:05:01So, a high-diving, highly-deceiving,
0:05:01 > 0:05:03three-eyed iguana. Great stuff.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06You know, the red tailed hawk doesn't need to worry.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09Plenty more fish in the sea. Well, green iguanas in the tree.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11Eh, what did you say?
0:05:11 > 0:05:12Yeah, you heard me!
0:05:12 > 0:05:14Well, that's not totally true, actually,
0:05:14 > 0:05:18cos there are more species of fish in the whole Amazon river
0:05:18 > 0:05:20than there are in the entire Atlantic Ocean.
0:05:20 > 0:05:24If that's the case, your huge list must include this bug-eyed tiddler.
0:05:26 > 0:05:29All I can see is a load of strange floating blobs.
0:05:29 > 0:05:30Anableps.
0:05:30 > 0:05:34What, Anna Bleps? Who's she and what's she doing having a swim?
0:05:34 > 0:05:37It looks like she's lost her marbles.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40Anableps is the scientific name for the four-eyed fish.
0:05:40 > 0:05:42Oh, I see.
0:05:42 > 0:05:43And they hang out in schools.
0:05:43 > 0:05:47- Clever fish.- No, it doesn't mean they go to school, a school is
0:05:47 > 0:05:50the name for a group of fish. But they are pretty clever.
0:05:50 > 0:05:53You'll find them in the fresh and brackish waters in the Amazon.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56Brackish being a mixture between fresh water and sea water.
0:05:56 > 0:05:59So, they must live near the coast, where the river meets the sea.
0:05:59 > 0:06:03Very good, Marine girl. At first glance, they appear to have
0:06:03 > 0:06:06four eyes - one pair looking up and one pair looking down.
0:06:06 > 0:06:09Oh yes! 1, 2, 3, 4.
0:06:09 > 0:06:10But don't be fooled.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13Looks can be deceiving and these are the masters of illusion.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16Holy Houdini!
0:06:16 > 0:06:19Are you telling me the four-eyed fish doesn't have four eyes?
0:06:21 > 0:06:24Oh no! We've been rumbled!
0:06:24 > 0:06:26Well, yes. They actually
0:06:26 > 0:06:29just have two big round eyes, but each one has two pupils.
0:06:29 > 0:06:34So, this school of fish has twice as many pupils as most schools? But why?
0:06:34 > 0:06:37This way they can use the lower half of the eye
0:06:37 > 0:06:39to look in the water for insects to eat,
0:06:39 > 0:06:41while the upper half sits on the surface,
0:06:41 > 0:06:43looking for predators such as birds.
0:06:43 > 0:06:46That looks like a load of hungry eyes.
0:06:46 > 0:06:49Actually, the distracting display confuses their predators
0:06:49 > 0:06:53so they can continue to look for lunch, without becoming lunch.
0:06:53 > 0:06:55Now that's one impressive little fish.
0:06:55 > 0:06:58But, how does it connect back to the green iguana?
0:06:58 > 0:06:59They both do something
0:06:59 > 0:07:00you and I can only dream of.
0:07:00 > 0:07:01They can both see
0:07:01 > 0:07:03in two places at once.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06Here you go, Barney. What's got eight eyes, eight hairy legs?
0:07:06 > 0:07:10I love your jokes. What's got eight eyes and eight hairy legs? JLS?
0:07:10 > 0:07:14No! One of these...
0:07:17 > 0:07:19That is one that scary hairy spider!
0:07:19 > 0:07:24It's certainly a bit hairy, but not really that scary.
0:07:24 > 0:07:27- Speak for yourself.- It's a tarantula.
0:07:27 > 0:07:33Despite having eight eyes, a tarantula's eyesight is pretty poor.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36Who put that there?
0:07:36 > 0:07:40Although their eyes help them see in many directions, it's thought
0:07:40 > 0:07:44they can only see very basic shapes and differences in light and dark.
0:07:44 > 0:07:48Instead, they have to rely on their eight hairy legs.
0:07:48 > 0:07:51- What?- The hairs on their legs can detect the slightest vibrations,
0:07:51 > 0:07:54so they rely on these hairs for movement and finding food.
0:07:54 > 0:07:57They are big, hairy, scary furballs
0:07:57 > 0:07:59which I do not wish to become acquainted with.
0:07:59 > 0:08:03You may be surprised to hear most tarantulas are harmless to humans.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06I notice you say most, but not all.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10They're all venomous, but only some species have venom
0:08:10 > 0:08:13powerful enough to put you in a bit of pain for a few days.
0:08:13 > 0:08:14Venom and pain, you say?
0:08:14 > 0:08:17Where will I find one of these leggy fur balls?
0:08:17 > 0:08:20These guys like to stretch their legs all across Latin America.
0:08:20 > 0:08:24Well, as long as they don't stretch their legs across me, that's fine.
0:08:24 > 0:08:27- Barney!- Well, I don't like spiders, let alone big hairy ones.
0:08:27 > 0:08:28This isn't big.
0:08:28 > 0:08:32This is big.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34It's the largest spider in the world,
0:08:34 > 0:08:37and can grow up to almost a third of a metre, from toe to toe.
0:08:37 > 0:08:41- Wow, that's almost as big as my pet guinea pig.- You could say that.
0:08:41 > 0:08:44This is the Goliath bird-eating tarantula.
0:08:44 > 0:08:47An intriguing name. Presumably it eats birds?
0:08:47 > 0:08:50No, actually, it doesn't. Although it's big enough to.
0:08:50 > 0:08:54Like other tarantulas, it just enjoys dining on other treats
0:08:54 > 0:08:56like insects, mice and lizards.
0:08:56 > 0:09:00That's OK then. Well, not for insects, mice and lizards.
0:09:00 > 0:09:04But how do tarantulas catch their food if they can't really see?
0:09:04 > 0:09:08Well, unlike many other spiders, Latin American tarantulas
0:09:08 > 0:09:10don't spin a typical web to catch their prey.
0:09:10 > 0:09:12Instead, they lie in wait
0:09:12 > 0:09:15and ambush their next unsuspecting meal that passes by.
0:09:15 > 0:09:19Those hairs on a tarantula's legs can feel the vibrations
0:09:19 > 0:09:22of the smallest insect.
0:09:22 > 0:09:25Even the footsteps of a feather-light grasshopper
0:09:25 > 0:09:28are like seismic rumblings to a hungry tarantula.
0:09:30 > 0:09:31Well, that'll be lunch then.
0:09:31 > 0:09:36It then takes its catch back to its silk-lined nest to dine.
0:09:36 > 0:09:39A bit like dining on a silk tablecloth?
0:09:39 > 0:09:43So, our hairy-legged, eight-eyed tarantulas connect
0:09:43 > 0:09:45to the four-eyed fish because
0:09:45 > 0:09:46they both have multiple eyes.
0:09:48 > 0:09:51And from eight eyes to 100 eyes.
0:09:51 > 0:09:54What animal has 100 eyes?
0:09:54 > 0:09:57Well, just like dragonflies, ants and lots of other insects,
0:09:57 > 0:09:59mosquitoes have compound eyes
0:09:59 > 0:10:01which are eyes made up of hundreds of tiny lenses.
0:10:01 > 0:10:03So, with hundreds of lenses,
0:10:03 > 0:10:06they must see hundreds of times better than us?
0:10:06 > 0:10:10Actually, compound eyes are perfect for noticing very slight movement,
0:10:10 > 0:10:13but mosquitoes can't see long distance very well.
0:10:13 > 0:10:16Having loads of lenses makes everything look like a kaleidoscope.
0:10:19 > 0:10:21So how do they find their way around?
0:10:21 > 0:10:26Their airborne ancestors date back millions of years,
0:10:26 > 0:10:30giving them plenty of practice at becoming perfect parasitic pilots.
0:10:30 > 0:10:35Roger and over, cruising at a height of 1.35 metres.
0:10:37 > 0:10:39They spend their day buzzing about
0:10:39 > 0:10:43at speeds of up to a staggering two kilometres per hour.
0:10:43 > 0:10:45Hardly Top Gun pilots, are they?
0:10:45 > 0:10:48Well, no, but they're still on the lookout for targets.
0:10:48 > 0:10:51- Like what?- Lots of nectar to feed on, for starters.
0:10:51 > 0:10:54- Sweet.- Oh, and blood.
0:10:54 > 0:10:56Not so sweet.
0:10:56 > 0:10:59From the likes of me and you.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02Eugh, nectar and blood! Sounds more like the diet of a vampire bee.
0:11:02 > 0:11:05Lucky it's only the females who drink our blood.
0:11:05 > 0:11:07They can't bite us because they have no teeth
0:11:07 > 0:11:09so they use their long hollow proboscis
0:11:09 > 0:11:11to pierce the skin and suck up the blood.
0:11:13 > 0:11:15It's like drinking through a straw.
0:11:19 > 0:11:21Except they don't swallow it.
0:11:21 > 0:11:24The mosquito pumps the blood into her abdomen,
0:11:24 > 0:11:27where it provides her with protein to help her eggs to develop.
0:11:27 > 0:11:29She can produce up to 300 eggs at any one time.
0:11:29 > 0:11:31Sounds like she needs a lot of blood.
0:11:31 > 0:11:34Don't worry, you don't notice it's gone.
0:11:34 > 0:11:36It would take more than a million bites
0:11:36 > 0:11:38to drain all the blood from your body.
0:11:38 > 0:11:41- They'd have to find me first. - Well, that shouldn't be a problem.
0:11:41 > 0:11:44They've a highly-sensitive smell radar,
0:11:44 > 0:11:46which detects the carbon-dioxide you breathe out.
0:11:46 > 0:11:48A bit like smell-o vision?
0:11:48 > 0:11:51Yes, and the hairy antennae are equipped with super heat sensors,
0:11:51 > 0:11:55so they can tell where your delicious blood is most accessible.
0:11:55 > 0:11:58So with crazy kaleidoscopic eyes and highly sensitive hairy antennae,
0:11:58 > 0:12:01they're always aware of what's going on around them?
0:12:01 > 0:12:05Which is why it's impossible to swat them.
0:12:05 > 0:12:07Freeze.
0:12:07 > 0:12:10There's one on your head.
0:12:10 > 0:12:12Oh, yeah, you're right. You can't swat them.
0:12:13 > 0:12:17So, this little sucker is connected to tarantula, because they both
0:12:17 > 0:12:20have hairy sensors to help detect their prey.
0:12:20 > 0:12:22Right, up next is a tasty little number.
0:12:22 > 0:12:24At nearly 6,000 kilometres long,
0:12:24 > 0:12:27the Amazon is the largest river in the world.
0:12:27 > 0:12:31Starting in Peru, it runs through Brazil to the Atlantic Ocean,
0:12:31 > 0:12:35- and becomes over 10 kilometres wide in places.- That's a lot of water.
0:12:35 > 0:12:37But it's also a lot of mud.
0:12:37 > 0:12:39Not great visibility, then.
0:12:39 > 0:12:43Nope. As the waters of the Amazon river are so murky, many creatures
0:12:43 > 0:12:47can't rely on their eyes to see, like this little fishy - the candiru.
0:12:47 > 0:12:50He lives in the muddy water of the Amazon river.
0:12:50 > 0:12:52So, despite having two eyes
0:12:52 > 0:12:54the conditions don't allow him to use them.
0:12:54 > 0:12:57- Is it a bit like trying to see in the fog?- Exactly.
0:12:57 > 0:13:00So, he's had to develop other senses in order to find his way.
0:13:00 > 0:13:04- What a cutie!- Don't let those innocent looks fool you.
0:13:04 > 0:13:05It may look sweet,
0:13:05 > 0:13:08but it's one of the most feared animals in the whole Amazon.
0:13:08 > 0:13:10What, even more than a piranha?
0:13:10 > 0:13:12No way, Jose!
0:13:12 > 0:13:16Yup, the candiru is a type of catfish.
0:13:16 > 0:13:18But it's no cute kitten.
0:13:18 > 0:13:22It's no bigger than your finger and it's a parasite.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25What? You mean it takes but gives nothing in return?
0:13:25 > 0:13:29Yes, surprisingly, just like the mosquito, it loves to suck blood.
0:13:29 > 0:13:34Nasty. But how does a fish that can't see know where to find blood?
0:13:34 > 0:13:36It's a parasite of fish gills,
0:13:36 > 0:13:38in particular, those of the larger catfish,
0:13:38 > 0:13:41which are the most common fish in the Amazon river.
0:13:41 > 0:13:42Common as muck, I am.
0:13:42 > 0:13:46A bit like a cat, the candiru has little whiskers on its upper lip,
0:13:46 > 0:13:49except these whiskers are called barbels,
0:13:49 > 0:13:51and under them are its taste buds.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54Sounds a bit tongue on cheek! Get it, tongue on cheek?
0:13:54 > 0:13:56There's a tongue on your cheek!
0:13:56 > 0:13:58No? OK...
0:13:58 > 0:14:02Using these taste buds, they can detect any waste that might be
0:14:02 > 0:14:06streaming from the gills of a nearby catfish, like ammonia or urea.
0:14:06 > 0:14:09- My ear?- Urea, it's like fish wee.
0:14:09 > 0:14:10That's gross.
0:14:10 > 0:14:14Not to the candiru. It locks on to the scent and follows it,
0:14:14 > 0:14:16shoots into the gills unnoticed,
0:14:16 > 0:14:19and digs in its sharp spines and has a little feast.
0:14:22 > 0:14:25OK, so it finds its way by using taste rather than sight.
0:14:25 > 0:14:26Disgusting, but clever.
0:14:26 > 0:14:28Yes siree!
0:14:28 > 0:14:30So, the candiru and the mosquito
0:14:30 > 0:14:32both use their super-senses
0:14:32 > 0:14:34to help them to suck blood.
0:14:34 > 0:14:37So, let's take a quick look back...
0:14:37 > 0:14:41At our wild eyed connections so far.
0:14:41 > 0:14:44How do we get from our limy lizard to our surprising little fishy?
0:14:44 > 0:14:45You're about to find out.
0:14:47 > 0:14:49Well, first we saw the green iguana,
0:14:49 > 0:14:51who connected with the four eyed fish,
0:14:51 > 0:14:54as they can both see in two places at once.
0:14:54 > 0:14:56And from four eyes to eight eyes.
0:14:56 > 0:15:00Creepy crawling into action next was the tarantula.
0:15:00 > 0:15:03Multiple eyes surprise, just like the four-eyed fish.
0:15:03 > 0:15:06The mosquito takes multiple eyes to the extreme
0:15:06 > 0:15:08by having hundreds of lenses,
0:15:08 > 0:15:12but it still needs to rely on hairs to find its prey,
0:15:12 > 0:15:14just like Mr T, Mr Tarantula, that is.
0:15:14 > 0:15:17Then, the little candiru linked neatly with the mozzie,
0:15:17 > 0:15:19they can't rely on their eyes alone,
0:15:19 > 0:15:22so they both use their super senses to find blood. Ew.
0:15:25 > 0:15:29Say hello to our ultra visionary wonder,
0:15:29 > 0:15:32- the boto dolphin.- Hola!
0:15:32 > 0:15:34OK, I know why a dolphin is in this programme,
0:15:34 > 0:15:36because they have good eyesight, don't they?
0:15:36 > 0:15:40That's right. But they are found in the murky waters of the Amazon,
0:15:40 > 0:15:44so just like the candiru, they can't see for toffee.
0:15:44 > 0:15:48Hence the big bump on its head from where he keeps bumping into things?
0:15:48 > 0:15:52Actually, that bulge is called its melon.
0:15:52 > 0:15:56- A melon?!- Yes, in this muddy water, their eyes are simply not enough,
0:15:56 > 0:15:59so they've developed a way to see without using their eyes.
0:15:59 > 0:16:03Inside the melon, you'll find some seriously high-tech equipment,
0:16:03 > 0:16:05able to transmit beams of ultrasound.
0:16:05 > 0:16:07You mean echo location?
0:16:07 > 0:16:10That's exactly what I mean.
0:16:10 > 0:16:13So, the boto dolphin can cruise those dark, murky waters
0:16:13 > 0:16:17with military precision, avoiding obstacles and finding lots of food.
0:16:21 > 0:16:24It's a rather odd looking dolphin, isn't it?
0:16:24 > 0:16:26Where is the big fin on its back, for starters?
0:16:26 > 0:16:29The boto dolphin doesn't need a large fin to stabilise itself
0:16:29 > 0:16:31because it lives in rivers,
0:16:31 > 0:16:35so has a much slower lifestyle than its speedy ocean-dwelling cousins.
0:16:36 > 0:16:39But if you don't move very fast, how can you catch fish?
0:16:39 > 0:16:42These guys have incredible manoeuvrability,
0:16:42 > 0:16:46combined with an neck that can bend 90 degrees to its body,
0:16:46 > 0:16:47and a mouth full of sharp teeth.
0:16:47 > 0:16:50These guys make awesome river hunters.
0:16:50 > 0:16:52So, the boto dolphin and the candiru
0:16:52 > 0:16:53are connected because
0:16:53 > 0:16:54they both have ingenious ways
0:16:54 > 0:16:56of navigating the murky waters
0:16:56 > 0:16:58without using their eyes.
0:16:58 > 0:17:00Correct.
0:17:00 > 0:17:02Who's next?
0:17:02 > 0:17:05A creepy critter who uses his ears to see.
0:17:05 > 0:17:09Now, my lovely lady, something to really get your teeth into.
0:17:09 > 0:17:10Hold on tight.
0:17:10 > 0:17:13Is there a light switch anywhere? It's terribly dark.
0:17:13 > 0:17:16Yeah, which is perfect for this colony of vampire bats.
0:17:16 > 0:17:19- There are loads of them.- Yep.
0:17:19 > 0:17:22Each colony can contain thousands of them.
0:17:22 > 0:17:25Usually they see in black and white, but when it gets too dark,
0:17:25 > 0:17:27they switch on their echo location.
0:17:27 > 0:17:31Just like the boto dolphin, they see with sound.
0:17:31 > 0:17:33I see with sound.
0:17:33 > 0:17:34That's right.
0:17:34 > 0:17:37But the vampire bat has another trip up its furry little sleeve.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41Unlike other bats, it has a heat-seeking nose.
0:17:41 > 0:17:43A heat-seeking nose, eh?
0:17:43 > 0:17:45Well, that's not to be sniffed at!
0:17:45 > 0:17:48It has thermo receptors built into its nose,
0:17:48 > 0:17:51which comes in very handy when it's hunting for its favourite food -
0:17:51 > 0:17:52fresh, warm blood.
0:17:54 > 0:17:57Yeah, all right, Barney. Calm down.
0:17:57 > 0:18:00Sorry. But they do love to feed on fresh blood.
0:18:00 > 0:18:02And thanks to their heat sensing and echo location,
0:18:02 > 0:18:06vampire bats can find it in total darkness.
0:18:06 > 0:18:08Which is bad news for this little piggy.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11Once they've used their long legs and large thumbs
0:18:11 > 0:18:12to creep up on the pig,
0:18:12 > 0:18:14they use their heat sensors
0:18:14 > 0:18:16to find where the blood is closest to the skin.
0:18:21 > 0:18:24He's certainly making a pig of himself!
0:18:24 > 0:18:28I've heard about giving blood, but that's pigging ridiculous.
0:18:28 > 0:18:31OK, OK, that's enough now. No more pig jokes.
0:18:31 > 0:18:32I'm getting "boar"ed.
0:18:38 > 0:18:40In just 15 minutes, a vampire bat
0:18:40 > 0:18:43can lap up 40% of its own weight in blood.
0:18:43 > 0:18:48That's like you drinking 40 litres.
0:18:48 > 0:18:50This is an easy connection.
0:18:50 > 0:18:52The vampire bat and the boto dolphin
0:18:52 > 0:18:54both use sound in order to see.
0:18:54 > 0:18:55Got it in one.
0:18:55 > 0:19:00Next, a swamp monster who could literally take your breath away.
0:19:00 > 0:19:04Hey, Gem, he looks like a slippery customer...
0:19:04 > 0:19:08This is the anaconda, the largest snake in the world.
0:19:08 > 0:19:11They can grow up to nine metres from head to tail,
0:19:11 > 0:19:14which is almost as long as a bus.
0:19:14 > 0:19:19Wow, that is some snake.
0:19:19 > 0:19:22Yep, this powerful predator and Herculean heavyweight
0:19:22 > 0:19:25weighs about 250 kilograms.
0:19:25 > 0:19:27250 kilograms? That's like four of me.
0:19:27 > 0:19:30You'd need a serious set of scales to weigh that.
0:19:30 > 0:19:32Set of scales... Get it?
0:19:32 > 0:19:36And, it has even more scales than you'd think at first sight.
0:19:36 > 0:19:38Are you saying I need glasses?
0:19:38 > 0:19:40- No, I'm saying he need glasses.- What?
0:19:40 > 0:19:42The glasses are actually a special layer
0:19:42 > 0:19:46of see-through scales over the eyes, which form transparent eyelets.
0:19:46 > 0:19:47Oh, brill.
0:19:47 > 0:19:49- How do you know that?- What?
0:19:49 > 0:19:53That the transparent scales that protect his eyes are called brill?
0:19:53 > 0:19:55Oh, I mean, of course I knew that.
0:19:55 > 0:19:59Despite these scaly spectacles, he still has pretty poor eyesight,
0:19:59 > 0:20:03so he explores the world around him with something else - his mouth.
0:20:03 > 0:20:05Curious kisses, eh?
0:20:05 > 0:20:09Very curious. He flicks that forked tongue in and out to taste the air,
0:20:09 > 0:20:12and has infra-red heat sensors built into his lips.
0:20:12 > 0:20:17Snakes alive! Are you saying this bad-boy has some seriously hot lips?
0:20:17 > 0:20:19Not literally, but it does use its lips
0:20:19 > 0:20:21to find what might be on the menu each day.
0:20:21 > 0:20:26Sometimes, wild pigs or turtles, but usually, some huge capybara.
0:20:26 > 0:20:30Anacondas' eyes and nostrils are on the top of their heads, allowing them
0:20:30 > 0:20:34to look out for prey, while remaining almost completely submerged.
0:20:34 > 0:20:37They manage to get really close by swimming underwater.
0:20:37 > 0:20:40- Like a heat-seeking missile? - Hello. Lovely day.
0:20:40 > 0:20:44- Yes, lush, isn't it? Look out! - What? Oh!
0:20:46 > 0:20:48Oh deer, poor deer.
0:20:48 > 0:20:53Being part of the boa constrictor family, that anaconda wraps itself
0:20:53 > 0:20:55around its prey and squeezes it to death.
0:20:55 > 0:20:58The only boa I'd like around my neck is a feather one.
0:20:58 > 0:21:02Thanks to some super stretchy ligaments in its jaw,
0:21:02 > 0:21:06it can swallow its prey in one long gulp.
0:21:06 > 0:21:08It might take a week to digest,
0:21:08 > 0:21:11but this meal could keep it going for months.
0:21:11 > 0:21:13So, because of its poor eyesight,
0:21:13 > 0:21:16this stealth stalker detect its prey using heat-seeking technology?
0:21:16 > 0:21:20Which links it neatly to the vampire bat.
0:21:20 > 0:21:23Keep them coming, Barney.
0:21:23 > 0:21:26Next, leaping into action, it's a frog.
0:21:26 > 0:21:28It's an odd frog, sat in a tree,
0:21:28 > 0:21:31wearing a bright yellow washing-up gloves.
0:21:31 > 0:21:33And judging by the state of his red eyes,
0:21:33 > 0:21:36he was at an all-night jungle party last night?
0:21:36 > 0:21:37You're absolutely right.
0:21:37 > 0:21:40Well, about the name anyway. This is the red-eyed tree frog.
0:21:40 > 0:21:44They must have taken a long time to come up with that name...
0:21:44 > 0:21:49How about the frog of the redness that climbs about in the trees-ness?
0:21:49 > 0:21:55- No.- How about green frog, red eyes, yellow poo, traffic-light frog?- No!
0:21:55 > 0:21:57Stephen?
0:21:57 > 0:21:58Stephen.
0:21:58 > 0:22:02Since he's nocturnal, you're right about him being up all night too.
0:22:02 > 0:22:04Party animal, hey?
0:22:04 > 0:22:07Is that why he looks so green - feeling a bit rough, mate?
0:22:07 > 0:22:09No, this little froggy's vivid green skin
0:22:09 > 0:22:12helps it blend in with the leaves where it hangs out.
0:22:12 > 0:22:16Ah, camouflage you mean? I guess frog's legs are pretty popular
0:22:16 > 0:22:17on the Amazonian forest menu?
0:22:17 > 0:22:19They certainly are. The red-eyed tree frog
0:22:19 > 0:22:22also avoids detection by using its super sticky feet.
0:22:22 > 0:22:26They might look like rubber gloves but they allow the frogs
0:22:26 > 0:22:28to stick to the underside of leaves, away from prying eyes.
0:22:28 > 0:22:33Wow! Imagine what I could do with sticky feet.
0:22:33 > 0:22:35You've already got stinky feet.
0:22:35 > 0:22:37I said sticky feet.
0:22:37 > 0:22:41- Sorry.- I could walk on the ceiling, or climb up walls...
0:22:41 > 0:22:43Anyway, let's hop along, shall we?
0:22:44 > 0:22:45During the day,
0:22:45 > 0:22:49when he's not using those super sticky feet and having a frog nap
0:22:49 > 0:22:50he can keep an eye on things,
0:22:50 > 0:22:53thanks to a special transparent protective eyelid.
0:22:53 > 0:22:55Very cunning, little froggy.
0:22:55 > 0:22:58Special eyelids, just like the anaconda, eh?
0:22:58 > 0:23:00But why are the frog's eyes so red?
0:23:03 > 0:23:06Well, Gem, those bright red eyes help to surprise predators
0:23:06 > 0:23:08and give the little frog a bit more time to escape.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11It's called startle colouration.
0:23:11 > 0:23:13Well, I'm totally startled.
0:23:13 > 0:23:16The red colour also allows them to see in the dark.
0:23:16 > 0:23:21Very good. So both the red-eyed tree frog and the awesome anaconda
0:23:21 > 0:23:25are masters of surprise, with totally cool transparent eyelids.
0:23:25 > 0:23:27And from a from a froggy to a moggy.
0:23:29 > 0:23:31Don't tell me, it's a cheetah?
0:23:31 > 0:23:35No, they live in Africa. We're in Latin America, remember?
0:23:35 > 0:23:37Oh yeah, of course.
0:23:37 > 0:23:39All right, it's a leopard.
0:23:39 > 0:23:43Nope, the leopard also lives in Africa, with the cheetah.
0:23:43 > 0:23:45Sounds cosy. A jaguar?
0:23:45 > 0:23:48Jaguars do live in the Amazon, but this isn't a jaguar.
0:23:48 > 0:23:51No, this fine feline is an ocelot.
0:23:51 > 0:23:53- A spot a lot?- An ocelot.
0:23:53 > 0:23:56So, why is an ocelot in our line up?
0:23:56 > 0:23:59You'll have to wait until after dark
0:23:59 > 0:24:02to find out about the eyes of the ocelot.
0:24:02 > 0:24:06That spotty pattern works in the same way as your fingerprints.
0:24:06 > 0:24:08They're totally unique to each animal.
0:24:08 > 0:24:11I see, a bit like the collar and ID tag that my Mr Tiddles wears?
0:24:11 > 0:24:16- Exactly. These cats are about twice the size of your Mr Tiddles.- Fat cat.
0:24:16 > 0:24:19This canny cat lives in areas of thick vegetation,
0:24:19 > 0:24:20where it's easy to hide.
0:24:20 > 0:24:22But he's also a very clever cat.
0:24:22 > 0:24:25He's very clever, eh? He's got himself stuck up a tree
0:24:25 > 0:24:29and there's no fire brigade here to help out. I don't think so.
0:24:29 > 0:24:31He's not stuck. It's just looking for a place to hang out.
0:24:31 > 0:24:34Sure likes the high life, doesn't he?
0:24:34 > 0:24:37The ocelot spends most of the daytime just chilling out,
0:24:37 > 0:24:40and it can do it unnoticed a lot of the time,
0:24:40 > 0:24:43thanks to that dappled coat, which is great camouflage.
0:24:43 > 0:24:45Oh, I see!
0:24:45 > 0:24:46No, I don't. Where's he done?
0:24:46 > 0:24:50Oh, there he is! He's having a cat nap.
0:24:50 > 0:24:54He's most probably saving energy for his night-time prowls.
0:24:54 > 0:24:56How environmentally friendly of him.
0:24:56 > 0:25:00This cunning carnivore is on great terms with his environment,
0:25:00 > 0:25:02all right. He's fast and agile,
0:25:02 > 0:25:06has excellent hearing, an acute sense of smell, and great vision.
0:25:06 > 0:25:07Isn't it a bit dark?
0:25:07 > 0:25:09Not if you're an ocelot.
0:25:09 > 0:25:13Their eyes have a special layer on the inside which collects light,
0:25:13 > 0:25:16so they can see far better in the dark then we can.
0:25:16 > 0:25:18In fact, they can walk around at night
0:25:18 > 0:25:20and see just as clearly as we do during the day.
0:25:20 > 0:25:22Wow! Oce lot of people know that!
0:25:24 > 0:25:28It means they can stalk their way through the darkest of nights,
0:25:28 > 0:25:31creeping up on anything from insects to small mammals,
0:25:31 > 0:25:32like an unsuspecting paca.
0:25:34 > 0:25:36Or maybe not.
0:25:37 > 0:25:39So, the ocelot and the red-eyed tree frog
0:25:39 > 0:25:42both have eyes that enable them to see in the dark.
0:25:42 > 0:25:43But how does the ocelot
0:25:43 > 0:25:45link back to the green iguana?
0:25:45 > 0:25:47They both have excellent eyesight,
0:25:47 > 0:25:49so the ocelot can find its prey,
0:25:49 > 0:25:50while the green iguana
0:25:50 > 0:25:51can avoid becoming prey.
0:25:53 > 0:25:57We saw, we viewed, we revealed, we observed some amazing animals today.
0:25:57 > 0:25:59How arty, beautifully done.
0:25:59 > 0:26:02But how did we get from the green iguana to the ocelot?
0:26:02 > 0:26:03Have a look at this.
0:26:06 > 0:26:10Well, the green iguana had a third eye,
0:26:10 > 0:26:12while the four-eyed fish had four.
0:26:12 > 0:26:15So, both can see in two places at once.
0:26:15 > 0:26:16And the four-eyed fish
0:26:16 > 0:26:18connects with tarantulas,
0:26:18 > 0:26:20because they both have multiple eyes.
0:26:20 > 0:26:24While the hairy, scary tarantulas, and the blood-sucking mosquito
0:26:24 > 0:26:28both rely on hairy sensors to locate their food.
0:26:28 > 0:26:31Like the mischievous mozzie, the creepy candiru
0:26:31 > 0:26:36is also a parasite that uses its super senses to breakfast on blood.
0:26:36 > 0:26:39The candiru and the boto dolphin live in murky, muddy waters,
0:26:39 > 0:26:45and are connected as they both have to rely on other senses to see.
0:26:45 > 0:26:48Boto dolphins and blood-sucking vampire bats
0:26:48 > 0:26:51both use echo location to find their way around.
0:26:53 > 0:26:56Vampire bats have another super sense they share
0:26:56 > 0:26:58with the bone crushing anaconda -
0:26:58 > 0:27:02they both use heat-seeking technology to find their prey.
0:27:02 > 0:27:05The awesome anaconda and the red-eyed tree frog
0:27:05 > 0:27:10both have eyelids that are utterly brilliant, and totally transparent.
0:27:10 > 0:27:14While the red-eyed tree frog and the seldom spotted ocelot
0:27:14 > 0:27:17both have special eyes that allow them to see in the dark.
0:27:17 > 0:27:20And the ocelot links all the way back to the green iguana,
0:27:20 > 0:27:22because they both have excellent eyesight
0:27:22 > 0:27:24that insures their survival.
0:27:24 > 0:27:27- Quite an eye-opening show, I'm sure you'll agree.- I do.
0:27:27 > 0:27:30Oh, how do you fancy one last game of I Spy?
0:27:30 > 0:27:31I'd love one. My go.
0:27:31 > 0:27:34I spy, with my little eye, something beginning with...
0:27:36 > 0:27:38- T... T... T...- Not tree again?
0:27:38 > 0:27:40- T...- Tree frog?
0:27:40 > 0:27:42- T... T...- Teabag?
0:27:42 > 0:27:44- T...- Tights?
0:27:44 > 0:27:46Tarantula!
0:27:51 > 0:27:53Bye!
0:28:00 > 0:28:03Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd
0:28:03 > 0:28:06Email subtitling@bbc.co.uk