0:00:03 > 0:00:07# There are lots of things all around us
0:00:07 > 0:00:10# Exciting things that surround us
0:00:10 > 0:00:14- # But how does it work?- Do you know?
0:00:14 > 0:00:17- # How is it made?- Do you know?
0:00:17 > 0:00:20# Things that go up, things that go down
0:00:20 > 0:00:23# Things that go pop, things that go round
0:00:23 > 0:00:27# With special cameras to show you inside
0:00:27 > 0:00:30# It's going to be a big surprise
0:00:30 > 0:00:33- # But does it work?- Do you know?
0:00:33 > 0:00:37- # How is it made?- Do you know?
0:00:37 > 0:00:39- # Do you know? - Let's find out! #
0:00:42 > 0:00:46Hello. I'm Maddie. I'm just putting the rubbish out.
0:00:46 > 0:00:50Did you know that lots of things you throw away can be used again?
0:00:50 > 0:00:51It's called recycling.
0:00:53 > 0:00:58I've got some paper and card here, they go in this brown bin.
0:00:58 > 0:01:00Do you recycle at home?
0:01:00 > 0:01:03It's a good thing to do because it means, instead of all these
0:01:03 > 0:01:08old things just being thrown away, they get made into new things.
0:01:08 > 0:01:12But do you know how your rubbish gets from your house to be recycled?
0:01:12 > 0:01:17Well, it all starts with a bin lorry and I want to know how it works.
0:01:25 > 0:01:29Ha! Look, there it is, the recycling lorry.
0:01:31 > 0:01:34Hoo, it's big, isn't it? And noisy.
0:01:34 > 0:01:35Shall we take a closer look?
0:01:35 > 0:01:38When your recycling is collected,
0:01:38 > 0:01:41the bins are wheeled from your house to the lorry.
0:01:41 > 0:01:43Then the bin is hooked on to a platform,
0:01:43 > 0:01:48which lifts it upside down so that everything tips out into the lorry.
0:01:48 > 0:01:50It's brilliant, isn't it?
0:01:50 > 0:01:54I like the way the whole bin gets tipped upside down.
0:01:54 > 0:01:59The lorry is just like a big robot and this bit at the back,
0:01:59 > 0:02:02where it all happens, is called the hopper.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07You should never play or go near a lorry,
0:02:07 > 0:02:10but I've got special permission to see how they work.
0:02:10 > 0:02:15I want to see what happens when the rubbish gets tipped upside down,
0:02:15 > 0:02:20so let's put my special camera inside and get a closer look.
0:02:26 > 0:02:29Ha-ha!
0:02:29 > 0:02:31Look at all that recycling!
0:02:33 > 0:02:34It smells a little bit.
0:02:38 > 0:02:44And now this huge metal arm inside the hopper has come down
0:02:44 > 0:02:49from the lorry and is dragging all the recycling up
0:02:49 > 0:02:51and pulling it to the back.
0:02:51 > 0:02:57Hoo-hoo! The recycling lorry sounds alive, it's making so many noises.
0:02:57 > 0:03:01Even when it stops, it goes tschoo.
0:03:01 > 0:03:02TSCHOO
0:03:02 > 0:03:04It's a bit like it's sneezing.
0:03:04 > 0:03:09That was so much fun. Let's see it again in slow motion.
0:03:12 > 0:03:14Here comes the bin.
0:03:14 > 0:03:18Tipping, tipping and there goes the recycling.
0:03:22 > 0:03:28It looks amazing, but do you know how the hopper tips the bin?
0:03:28 > 0:03:29Let's find out.
0:03:33 > 0:03:38On bin day, your bin is wheeled to the back of the lorry and hooked
0:03:38 > 0:03:42on to a robotic arm at the back called the rear loader.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45When the bin is locked into position,
0:03:45 > 0:03:48the rear loader arm starts moving.
0:03:48 > 0:03:53The first part moves upwards, lifting the bin higher and higher.
0:03:53 > 0:03:58Then it starts to move backwards and this tips the bin upside down.
0:04:00 > 0:04:04The lid tips open so that all the recycling falls out.
0:04:05 > 0:04:10Inside the lorry, the recycling falls into a big tank.
0:04:10 > 0:04:14Next, a moving wall pushes all the recycling to the back
0:04:14 > 0:04:17of the lorry, crushing it together.
0:04:17 > 0:04:22This means there's room for more recycling.
0:04:22 > 0:04:26This bit at the back, the hopper, is really clever, isn't it?
0:04:26 > 0:04:30And, look, there go two more recycling bins.
0:04:30 > 0:04:34And, remember, inside the lorry, you have a big moving wall that
0:04:34 > 0:04:37is pushing the recycling together to save space.
0:04:42 > 0:04:45But, once the rubbish is inside the lorry,
0:04:45 > 0:04:48do you know where it goes next?
0:04:48 > 0:04:49Well, follow me.
0:04:55 > 0:04:58When the bin lorry has finished collecting all the recycling,
0:04:58 > 0:05:01it heads off to a recycling plant.
0:05:01 > 0:05:06It's a big place where all the different recycling gets sorted out.
0:05:06 > 0:05:08And here they are now.
0:05:11 > 0:05:16This big pile of plastic and paper here is recycling collected from
0:05:16 > 0:05:20lots of people's homes and our lorry is adding to the pile right now.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25Wow! Just look at all that.
0:05:25 > 0:05:30I can't believe how much recycling was squeezed into this lorry.
0:05:30 > 0:05:38Next, a digger truck scoops up the recycling and tips it into this.
0:05:38 > 0:05:40It makes its way...hoo-hoo...
0:05:41 > 0:05:46..to this large metal wheel, which crushes up the recycling to
0:05:46 > 0:05:49make it flat, where it's ready to go on to the next stage.
0:05:49 > 0:05:53In here, people are sorting through the recycling,
0:05:53 > 0:05:56taking anything that can't be recycled out.
0:05:56 > 0:06:01Everything else keeps going along the conveyer belt through here.
0:06:01 > 0:06:04The recycling goes into a huge drum.
0:06:04 > 0:06:08The drum spins around and the heavy things fall to the bottom,
0:06:08 > 0:06:12and the lighter bits of recycling stay at the top.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14When the recycling comes out of the drum,
0:06:14 > 0:06:17it goes into three different conveyer belts.
0:06:17 > 0:06:21Big, medium and small.
0:06:21 > 0:06:26The small bits of recycling include some plastics and some paper,
0:06:26 > 0:06:29and now they need to be separated.
0:06:29 > 0:06:33This special machine blows the plastic and paper apart.
0:06:36 > 0:06:40The paper drops down inside this machine,
0:06:40 > 0:06:44which crushes it into big blocks called bales,
0:06:44 > 0:06:48and these bales of paper and card will be sent to factories all
0:06:48 > 0:06:52over the world to be made into new things.
0:06:53 > 0:06:58What did you like most about seeing how the recycling lorry worked?
0:06:58 > 0:07:01Can you remember what we call the back of the lorry,
0:07:01 > 0:07:04where all the recycling goes in?
0:07:05 > 0:07:08That's right, it's called the hopper.
0:07:10 > 0:07:14Did you hear the sound the bin lorry made when it stopped?
0:07:14 > 0:07:15It was like a sneeze.
0:07:15 > 0:07:19TSCHOO
0:07:19 > 0:07:25And did you see the way the bin was tipped upside down by a robotic arm?
0:07:32 > 0:07:36So, now you know how a recycling truck works and how some of
0:07:36 > 0:07:42your recycling gets taken here, to a recycling plant.
0:07:43 > 0:07:48But do you know how it gets recycled or what it gets made into?
0:07:48 > 0:07:49Let's find out.
0:07:54 > 0:07:59One of the places your old recycled paper might end up is here -
0:07:59 > 0:08:01in a paper mill.
0:08:01 > 0:08:05Here they turn your recycled paper and cardboard into this,
0:08:05 > 0:08:09newspaper, and I'm going to show you how they do it.
0:08:09 > 0:08:13This is all recycling that was collected from people's homes
0:08:13 > 0:08:18and offices, and turned into bales at a recycling plant.
0:08:18 > 0:08:21The bales are being placed on to this moving belt,
0:08:21 > 0:08:24where they go to be broken up into loose pieces,
0:08:24 > 0:08:31and then are carried all the way to a special machine called a pulper.
0:08:31 > 0:08:35And this is the pulper.
0:08:35 > 0:08:40It spins all the old paper round and round, and mixes it with water,
0:08:40 > 0:08:43so it's a bit like a washing machine.
0:08:43 > 0:08:48This pulper is enormous - it's one of the biggest in the world.
0:08:51 > 0:08:56All of the spinning and mixing with water breaks the paper up and
0:08:56 > 0:08:59turns it into something called pulp.
0:08:59 > 0:09:03It looks like muddy, sludgy water, doesn't it?
0:09:03 > 0:09:09I don't want to get too close, so let's use my special camera instead.
0:09:09 > 0:09:12Are you ready? Let's go for a dip.
0:09:12 > 0:09:14Euurgh.
0:09:14 > 0:09:18Can you believe that this muddy, sludgy pulp is going to
0:09:18 > 0:09:20become newspaper?
0:09:20 > 0:09:22Yuck.
0:09:22 > 0:09:25Luckily, my camera is in a waterproof case.
0:09:26 > 0:09:28Sorry, special camera.
0:09:31 > 0:09:35The pulp goes through a giant sieve and anything we don't want in
0:09:35 > 0:09:39our paper, like bits of plastic, gets taken out.
0:09:41 > 0:09:44Then the pulp goes to the next part of the mill,
0:09:44 > 0:09:47which is enormous and very noisy.
0:09:49 > 0:09:53So noisy that you can't hear anything else, but follow me.
0:09:55 > 0:10:00The pulp travels through this pipe into another big machine.
0:10:01 > 0:10:04Come and have a look at this.
0:10:04 > 0:10:08The pulp is going round this spinning roller to be washed -
0:10:08 > 0:10:11this gets rid of all the ink.
0:10:11 > 0:10:13It's very messy.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18When it's dried, it comes out white.
0:10:18 > 0:10:19Come and have a look.
0:10:23 > 0:10:25There it is.
0:10:25 > 0:10:27When the paper comes out the other end,
0:10:27 > 0:10:30it's wound on to one of these huge reels.
0:10:30 > 0:10:37They're called jumbo reels and all that paper weighs 100 tonnes -
0:10:37 > 0:10:42that's the same as ten of the biggest elephants that ever lived.
0:10:42 > 0:10:44THEY TRUMPET
0:10:45 > 0:10:49I have never seen so much paper in my whole life.
0:10:49 > 0:10:51This reel of paper is far too big
0:10:51 > 0:10:54to be turned into a newspaper, isn't it?
0:10:54 > 0:10:57So, it has to be cut down into smaller pieces
0:10:57 > 0:10:59and that happens over here.
0:11:04 > 0:11:09And now these smaller reels of paper are ready to go off to the
0:11:09 > 0:11:12printers to be turned into newspaper.
0:11:12 > 0:11:17But first they have to be packaged up by these robots.
0:11:25 > 0:11:29This is a newspaper printers and here the reels of plain
0:11:29 > 0:11:33recycled paper we saw made at the paper mill are loaded onto
0:11:33 > 0:11:38this machine, ready to be turned into newspaper for us to read.
0:11:38 > 0:11:43But before the newspaper can be printed, the words and pictures
0:11:43 > 0:11:46are put onto something called a printing plate.
0:11:48 > 0:11:51Once the plates have been created,
0:11:51 > 0:11:56they're put on to this long roller, it's called a cylinder,
0:11:56 > 0:11:58and the cylinder is a bit like a stamp.
0:11:58 > 0:12:02And when it's covered in ink and rolled over the plain paper,
0:12:02 > 0:12:03it leaves a mark.
0:12:03 > 0:12:07Just like my stamp here, it works a bit like this.
0:12:07 > 0:12:09The stamp, or plate,
0:12:09 > 0:12:13gets pressed into the ink and the ink gets pressed on to the paper,
0:12:13 > 0:12:18leaving the words and pictures that we need to make a newspaper,
0:12:18 > 0:12:21but the printing press goes much, much quicker.
0:12:25 > 0:12:30Ooh, wow, I cannot believe how quickly this machine is
0:12:30 > 0:12:33printing newspapers.
0:12:33 > 0:12:35Wow.
0:12:35 > 0:12:40The press prints 20 newspapers every second.
0:12:40 > 0:12:44Once the paper has been printed, it goes to this machine,
0:12:44 > 0:12:48where it's cut to size, folded and stapled together,
0:12:48 > 0:12:50making a finished newspaper.
0:12:54 > 0:12:59I loved seeing how old paper was recycled and made into
0:12:59 > 0:13:01newspapers to read.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03What was your favourite part?
0:13:03 > 0:13:07Can you remember what you call the old paper when it's been
0:13:07 > 0:13:08mixed up with water?
0:13:08 > 0:13:10That's right, it's called pulp.
0:13:10 > 0:13:13Did you hear the sound the pulper made?
0:13:13 > 0:13:15HUMMING
0:13:15 > 0:13:20And did you see the way the printing press worked very quickly to
0:13:20 > 0:13:24print all the words on the paper, turning it into newspapers?
0:13:31 > 0:13:36It has been so exciting seeing how all our old rubbish can be
0:13:36 > 0:13:40recycled and made into new things, like this newspaper.
0:13:40 > 0:13:43And the best thing about a newspaper is that,
0:13:43 > 0:13:47once you've finished reading it, you can pop it in the recycling bin,
0:13:47 > 0:13:49ready to be recycled again.
0:13:49 > 0:13:51See you next time.
0:13:54 > 0:13:58# There are lots of things all around us
0:13:58 > 0:14:01# Exciting things that surround us
0:14:01 > 0:14:04- # But how does it work?- Do you know?
0:14:04 > 0:14:08- # How is it made?- Do you know?
0:14:08 > 0:14:11- # Do you know? - Let's find out! #