0:00:02 > 0:00:06# Come join us down on the farm today
0:00:06 > 0:00:10# Learn about nature along the way
0:00:10 > 0:00:12# From seeds to crops, and field to barn
0:00:12 > 0:00:15# So much to do down on the farm
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:00:17 > 0:00:20# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:00:20 > 0:00:22# With JB and Storm to lead the way
0:00:22 > 0:00:28# Come join us down on the farm today. #
0:00:30 > 0:00:33Hi, I'm JB and welcome to Down On The Farm.
0:00:33 > 0:00:37Winter's here and lots of farm animals like to stay inside,
0:00:37 > 0:00:39but some don't mind the cold weather.
0:00:39 > 0:00:42So, while I help these guys get nice and cosy,
0:00:42 > 0:00:46why don't you find out what our guest presenter Rory has been up to?
0:00:55 > 0:00:58In the winter, I like to be cosy with a nice hot drink and,
0:00:58 > 0:01:01at this time of year, lots of farm animals are taken indoors
0:01:01 > 0:01:04to keep them away from the frost, rain, snow and wind.
0:01:04 > 0:01:08But there's one farm animal that loves nothing more than to be left
0:01:08 > 0:01:10outside in the cold, wet weather.
0:01:10 > 0:01:13What could it be? Let's go and find out.
0:01:17 > 0:01:20- Hi, Karen.- Hi, Rory.- These must be the animals that love
0:01:20 > 0:01:22- being outdoors. - Yes, they're Highland cows.
0:01:22 > 0:01:26And these guys look quite different from the cows people might be used
0:01:26 > 0:01:29to seeing out in the field. What's different about them?
0:01:29 > 0:01:32Well, they've got long hair, horns and also big, floppy fringes.
0:01:32 > 0:01:35Oh, and I love that floppy fringe.
0:01:35 > 0:01:38So, where do Highland cows come from originally?
0:01:38 > 0:01:40They come from the west coast of Scotland.
0:01:40 > 0:01:42- So, we're in the right place, aren't we?- Yes.
0:01:42 > 0:01:46What do they use their horns for? They've got these huge big horns.
0:01:46 > 0:01:48So, as you can see, that one,
0:01:48 > 0:01:51they can scratch themselves with the horns and they have a hierarchy,
0:01:51 > 0:01:54so when they're feeding, they can shunt each other out the way.
0:01:54 > 0:01:57Hopefully we won't see any of that here.
0:01:57 > 0:01:59Yeah, hopefully not. Behave yourselves, guys.
0:01:59 > 0:02:03Even in Scotland, we normally take cows inside for the winter.
0:02:03 > 0:02:07What makes Highland cows so good about being outdoors?
0:02:07 > 0:02:10That's a good question. We should take a closer look at one.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12- OK, come on.- OK, let's go.
0:02:19 > 0:02:21- Who is this?- So, this is Wendy.
0:02:21 > 0:02:23Hi, Wendy, you are gorgeous.
0:02:23 > 0:02:26Wow. And what a magnificent coat she's got.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28So, how does this help her in the winter?
0:02:28 > 0:02:31Highland cows have got two different types of coats.
0:02:31 > 0:02:33This outer coat is a longer,
0:02:33 > 0:02:35oily coat, which helps the rain and the snow run off it.
0:02:35 > 0:02:39- A bit like my waterproof jacket? - Exactly like it.- OK.
0:02:39 > 0:02:42- And what about the second coat? - There's a much shorter
0:02:42 > 0:02:45coat underneath there. If you part her hair, you can see it.
0:02:45 > 0:02:48It's short and it keeps her nice and warm and dry.
0:02:48 > 0:02:52It looks nice and cosy. It's woolly, a bit like my woolly jumper.
0:02:52 > 0:02:53Just like your jumper.
0:02:53 > 0:02:57Perfect. Waterproof on the outside and warm on the inside.
0:02:57 > 0:02:58So, she's nice and warm and dry
0:02:58 > 0:03:02through the winter, but what else does she need to survive?
0:03:02 > 0:03:03She needs lots of tasty food.
0:03:03 > 0:03:06- Shall we go and get some? - Oh, dinner time.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13So, in the winter time, we need to give the cows hay,
0:03:13 > 0:03:15because all the grass dies off in the winter
0:03:15 > 0:03:19- and this is what we feed them with. - And hay is dry grass, isn't it?
0:03:19 > 0:03:21It is, yeah. We make it in the summertime
0:03:21 > 0:03:24- and it's ready for the winter. - And they are really enjoying it,
0:03:24 > 0:03:27- aren't they? - They are. They're loving it.
0:03:27 > 0:03:29While the cows are enjoying their tasty treats,
0:03:29 > 0:03:32let's see what other animals do in the winter.
0:03:38 > 0:03:41Many creatures have special ways of coping with harsh winters.
0:03:44 > 0:03:49After eating lots of extra food in autumn to fatten themselves up,
0:03:49 > 0:03:55hedgehogs and dormice find somewhere safe to hibernate.
0:03:55 > 0:03:57They may look like they are sleeping,
0:03:57 > 0:03:59but hibernation is different from sleep.
0:03:59 > 0:04:01The body shuts down for a long time
0:04:01 > 0:04:04to save energy during the cold winter.
0:04:07 > 0:04:11Other creatures stay out and about, but make changes to survive.
0:04:11 > 0:04:16This mountain hare's brown fur has turned white to match the snow.
0:04:16 > 0:04:20This means that it can safely search for food on the mountainside without
0:04:20 > 0:04:23being spotted by a hungry bird of prey.
0:04:27 > 0:04:30These ptarmigan have turned white, too,
0:04:30 > 0:04:34and they have extra warm winter feathers on every part of their
0:04:34 > 0:04:37bodies, even on their eyelids.
0:04:37 > 0:04:39Their feathered feet act like snowshoes,
0:04:39 > 0:04:43helping them to get around without sinking into the snow.
0:04:43 > 0:04:47Many plants can't survive the winter cold,
0:04:47 > 0:04:50but some trees produce a natural antifreeze
0:04:50 > 0:04:52to protect them from frost,
0:04:52 > 0:04:56while sloping sides and bendy branches help heavy snow
0:04:56 > 0:04:59to slide off, without damaging the tree.
0:05:04 > 0:05:06In the winter...
0:05:06 > 0:05:09..birds find it hard to find food.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11To help them, we're going to make...
0:05:11 > 0:05:15- ALL:- ..bird feeders!
0:05:15 > 0:05:19At this time of year, the ground can go hard and water can freeze,
0:05:19 > 0:05:22so it's much harder for birds to find food.
0:05:22 > 0:05:26Here in Stevenage, a class is getting ready to help by making
0:05:26 > 0:05:29bird feeders. Shall we see how they are made?
0:05:29 > 0:05:33We are putting all of the ingredients in
0:05:33 > 0:05:35to make our bird cake.
0:05:35 > 0:05:38I'm going to mix the lard together.
0:05:38 > 0:05:43The raisins, the porridge oats, the bird seed and the cheese together.
0:05:44 > 0:05:48Then it's squished into a small container.
0:05:48 > 0:05:50- ALL:- Finished!
0:05:50 > 0:05:54And this feeder is made from pine cones and pipe cleaners.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58The pipe cleaner is wrapped around the cone to hang it up.
0:05:58 > 0:06:01Then the bird feed is squidged inside.
0:06:10 > 0:06:16I'm making the hole more bigger, so the stick can fit.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19I've put the stick through,
0:06:19 > 0:06:23because the birds need to stand on the stick.
0:06:23 > 0:06:26Then I'm going to cut a square out,
0:06:26 > 0:06:30then the birds are going to eat the seed.
0:06:34 > 0:06:36- BOTH:- Ready!
0:06:36 > 0:06:40Well done. You've all done a fantastic job making bird feeders.
0:06:40 > 0:06:42Who's ready to take their feeder outside?
0:06:42 > 0:06:44- ALL:- Me!
0:06:52 > 0:06:56OK, so are you ready to come and hang your bird feeders?
0:06:56 > 0:06:59- ALL:- Yes!
0:06:59 > 0:07:02The feeders need to be hung high up,
0:07:02 > 0:07:05so predators like cats and foxes can't reach the birds.
0:07:10 > 0:07:13OK, now that all the bird feeders are hung, what should we do next?
0:07:13 > 0:07:15- ALL:- Bird watch!
0:07:15 > 0:07:16Bird watch.
0:07:20 > 0:07:22While we wait outside for the birds,
0:07:22 > 0:07:25why don't you head inside for our winter poem?
0:07:30 > 0:07:34When the cold winter air turns the garden to white
0:07:34 > 0:07:39Little creatures and beasties will hurry inside.
0:07:39 > 0:07:43They scurry into corners by warm firelight
0:07:43 > 0:07:47Or creep into sheds on a cold frosty night.
0:07:48 > 0:07:53Listen closely to hear the quiet rustling of a mouse
0:07:53 > 0:07:57Sneaking food and bedding for its own winter house.
0:07:57 > 0:08:01Spiders scuttle between floorboards and under our chairs
0:08:01 > 0:08:05While ladybirds keep cosy in nooks under stairs.
0:08:05 > 0:08:09In winter, our homes can be perfect for all
0:08:09 > 0:08:13Toasty and snug for guests, big and small.
0:08:20 > 0:08:24I've been told there's a farm right here in the middle of London,
0:08:24 > 0:08:26but I haven't seen any fields,
0:08:26 > 0:08:30there's no tractors, and where are all the farmers?
0:08:30 > 0:08:33Are you sure I'm in the right place?
0:08:33 > 0:08:34Storm, Storm!
0:08:34 > 0:08:36Over here.
0:08:36 > 0:08:39Olivia, there you are. I've been looking for a farm everywhere.
0:08:39 > 0:08:43- I'm so confused.- It's right here. It's underground.
0:08:43 > 0:08:45- Underground?- Mm-hmm. Come on in. I'll show you.
0:08:47 > 0:08:50'I'm going 33 metres underground -
0:08:50 > 0:08:54'That's close to eight double-decker buses on top of each other -
0:08:54 > 0:08:58'to discover a special farm that no-one would know is there.
0:08:58 > 0:09:02'First, I have to put on protective clothing to make sure germs and dirt
0:09:02 > 0:09:05'don't land on the food they grow here.'
0:09:05 > 0:09:07Beautiful. Ready?
0:09:09 > 0:09:11This is amazing.
0:09:11 > 0:09:13I've never seen a farm like this.
0:09:13 > 0:09:15It looks like a spaceship.
0:09:15 > 0:09:19- What are you growing here?- We are growing small herbs and leaves for
0:09:19 > 0:09:22chefs to use in salad and on food.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24Why are you growing it underground?
0:09:24 > 0:09:27Well, above ground, there's not a lot of room for farms like this,
0:09:27 > 0:09:31so we decided to come underground so the herbs are nice and fresh.
0:09:31 > 0:09:35Now, I was under the impression that all crops needed sunlight and food
0:09:35 > 0:09:38and water and soil.
0:09:38 > 0:09:41Well, they actually get all of those down here.
0:09:41 > 0:09:43So, the lights act like the sun,
0:09:43 > 0:09:46these pipes are where they get their water
0:09:46 > 0:09:50- and then this carpet acts like the soil.- Carpet?
0:09:50 > 0:09:54Mm-hmm, it's recycled material that's basically carpet.
0:09:54 > 0:09:55How do you start to grow them?
0:09:55 > 0:09:58Well, they start off like seeds, like this,
0:09:58 > 0:10:02- that we sprinkle on the carpet. - And how long do they take to grow?
0:10:02 > 0:10:04We can grow them in as little as eight days.
0:10:04 > 0:10:07Eight days? Mm-hmm. That's no time at all.
0:10:07 > 0:10:10They look absolutely beautiful, but the most important thing is,
0:10:10 > 0:10:12how do they taste?
0:10:12 > 0:10:14Here's some baby rocket.
0:10:17 > 0:10:20It's really peppery, isn't it?
0:10:20 > 0:10:23That's a really, really strong flavour.
0:10:23 > 0:10:25I like it a lot.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29So, you know they taste good, so let's go pack them up for delivery.
0:10:32 > 0:10:34'The freshly picked herbs are trimmed,
0:10:34 > 0:10:36'weighed and put into small packets.'
0:10:38 > 0:10:40And there, all ready for the markets and shops.
0:10:40 > 0:10:43Now, all that's left is for it to be delivered.
0:10:43 > 0:10:45Well, that sounds like a job for me.
0:10:46 > 0:10:48Going up.
0:10:51 > 0:10:54I've got a delivery of pea shoots for a friend of mine at the
0:10:54 > 0:10:56- local fruit and veg market.- Great. Thank you
0:10:56 > 0:10:59for showing me about and I'll get these delivered.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02- Thanks, Storm.- See you later, Olivia.- See you. Bye.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13- Hi, Jade.- Hi, Storm.
0:11:13 > 0:11:15I'm expecting a delivery of herbs and leaves.
0:11:15 > 0:11:18I've got them right here, fresh from underground.
0:11:18 > 0:11:20Perfect, our customers are going to love this.
0:11:20 > 0:11:23Great. Well, while I do the rest of my deliveries,
0:11:23 > 0:11:26why don't you find out what else happens in winter?
0:11:29 > 0:11:32Today, we're in Ayrshire to meet Willie and his helpers,
0:11:32 > 0:11:36Robbie and Leila, who are collecting the ingredients
0:11:36 > 0:11:37to make a yummy treat.
0:11:37 > 0:11:40First of all, Willie needs to milk his cows.
0:11:42 > 0:11:45Then they need to collect some fresh eggs from his chickens.
0:11:48 > 0:11:51Now they've collected two of the main ingredients,
0:11:51 > 0:11:54can you guess what they're going to make?
0:11:54 > 0:11:57Ice cream!
0:11:57 > 0:11:59Chef Elaina makes the ice cream.
0:11:59 > 0:12:02The first job is to add yellow yolks from the chicken's eggs
0:12:02 > 0:12:04to the mixture.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07You might be surprised to see that we use egg yolk in ice cream.
0:12:07 > 0:12:09This helps make them smooth and creamy.
0:12:09 > 0:12:12Elaina adds sugar to make the mixture taste sweet.
0:12:12 > 0:12:14And finally, cow's milk.
0:12:14 > 0:12:16Now we have to give them a whisk.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22Today, we're making mince pie-flavoured ice cream,
0:12:22 > 0:12:24so we have to crush up these mince pies
0:12:24 > 0:12:27to add to the mixture once it's out of the machine.
0:12:27 > 0:12:30Now all the ingredients have been mixed together,
0:12:30 > 0:12:32they are poured into this machine,
0:12:32 > 0:12:34which turns the mixture into ice cream.
0:12:34 > 0:12:37The top half of the machine is called the pasteuriser.
0:12:37 > 0:12:41In here, the mixture heats up and then quickly cools back down.
0:12:41 > 0:12:44This helps remove any harmful germs that may make you unwell.
0:12:44 > 0:12:48The mixture then passes down to the bottom part of the machine,
0:12:48 > 0:12:51where it is much colder. In here, the mixture is churned,
0:12:51 > 0:12:53which means it's mixed with air.
0:12:53 > 0:12:57The cold mixture is now ready to be poured from the machine
0:12:57 > 0:13:01into a big tub and the mince pie pieces are added.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03Now it's ready to be sold in the shop.
0:13:06 > 0:13:09Who'd like to try some fresh ice cream?
0:13:09 > 0:13:12- BOTH:- Yes, please!
0:13:15 > 0:13:18Mince pie ice cream - what a lovely treat.
0:13:23 > 0:13:26Storm, Rory and I have had a great time Down On The Farm
0:13:26 > 0:13:29and we hope you've enjoyed it too.
0:13:29 > 0:13:32There's even more from Down On The Farm on the CBeebies website
0:13:32 > 0:13:34just for you. See you next time.
0:13:34 > 0:13:39# Come join us down on the farm today
0:13:39 > 0:13:43# Learn about nature along the way
0:13:43 > 0:13:45# From seeds to crops, and field to barn
0:13:45 > 0:13:48# So much to do down on the farm
0:13:48 > 0:13:50# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:13:50 > 0:13:53# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:13:53 > 0:13:56# With JB and Storm to lead the way
0:13:56 > 0:14:01# Come join us down on the farm today. #