0:00:02 > 0:00:03# Come join us
0:00:03 > 0:00:06# Down on the farm today
0:00:06 > 0:00:08# Learn about nature
0:00:08 > 0:00:10# Along the way
0:00:10 > 0:00:11# From seeds to crops
0:00:11 > 0:00:13# And field to barn
0:00:13 > 0:00:14# So much to do
0:00:14 > 0:00:15# Down on the farm
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:00:17 > 0:00:19# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:00:19 > 0:00:20# With JB
0:00:20 > 0:00:22# And Storm
0:00:22 > 0:00:23# To lead the way
0:00:23 > 0:00:25# Come join us
0:00:25 > 0:00:29# Down on the farm today. #
0:00:33 > 0:00:34Hi, I'm JB
0:00:34 > 0:00:36and welcome to Down On The Farm.
0:00:36 > 0:00:37Now it's autumn,
0:00:37 > 0:00:39it's time for farmers to harvest all
0:00:39 > 0:00:40the things they've worked hard to
0:00:40 > 0:00:42grow in spring and summer.
0:00:42 > 0:00:44So while I get things tidied up here,
0:00:44 > 0:00:46let's see what Storm is doing.
0:00:57 > 0:00:59In the summer,
0:00:59 > 0:01:00JB came to meet Farmer Stephen
0:01:00 > 0:01:03to find out about his quinoa plants
0:01:03 > 0:01:05and check they were growing healthily.
0:01:06 > 0:01:10I've come back to see what happens to the crop once it's harvested.
0:01:12 > 0:01:13Hi, Alexander,
0:01:13 > 0:01:14hi, Farmer Stephen.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16Hi, Storm.
0:01:16 > 0:01:17Hi, Storm.
0:01:17 > 0:01:19The quinoa field looks amazing
0:01:19 > 0:01:20but how do you know
0:01:20 > 0:01:21when it's ready to be harvested?
0:01:21 > 0:01:23Once the plants are fully grown,
0:01:23 > 0:01:24they dry out in the summer sunshine
0:01:24 > 0:01:26and we can test to see if they're ready
0:01:26 > 0:01:28by rubbing some seed out of the heads.
0:01:28 > 0:01:32It needs to be dry and golden brown.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34And the seed should fall out really easily.
0:01:34 > 0:01:37So the seed is the part of the plant that we eat.
0:01:37 > 0:01:40And once it's harvested, what happens next?
0:01:40 > 0:01:41We dry the seed back at the farm.
0:01:41 > 0:01:42Shall I show you how?
0:01:42 > 0:01:44Absolutely.
0:01:44 > 0:01:45Come on.
0:01:51 > 0:01:52A big combine harvester
0:01:52 > 0:01:55cuts the tops off the quinoa plants.
0:01:55 > 0:01:57The seeds from the plants are
0:01:57 > 0:01:58taken back to the farm to be dried.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02So why does the quinoa have to be dried?
0:02:02 > 0:02:04This keeps all the goodness in and stops it from spoiling
0:02:04 > 0:02:06while it's being stored.
0:02:06 > 0:02:08How do you dry all this quinoa?
0:02:08 > 0:02:12A big machine blows hot air into it.
0:02:12 > 0:02:14So it's a bit like a big hairdryer.
0:02:14 > 0:02:15Yes, you're right.
0:02:17 > 0:02:18At the front of the trailer,
0:02:18 > 0:02:20a burner heats up lots of air.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22The hot air passes through the tubes
0:02:22 > 0:02:24and blows out into the quinoa.
0:02:24 > 0:02:26The tubes move back
0:02:26 > 0:02:28and forth for four hours
0:02:28 > 0:02:31to dry all the quinoa evenly.
0:02:31 > 0:02:32The quinoa bounces about
0:02:32 > 0:02:35as the hot air rushes up through it.
0:02:38 > 0:02:41Here's some quinoa from the drying trailer.
0:02:41 > 0:02:42Here you go.
0:02:43 > 0:02:45Do you think it's ready to be stored?
0:02:45 > 0:02:47It's really warm.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49And it's dry.
0:02:49 > 0:02:51I think it's ready.
0:02:51 > 0:02:52The dried quinoa is stored here
0:02:52 > 0:02:54until it's ready to be cleaned
0:02:54 > 0:02:56and packaged for the shops.
0:02:57 > 0:02:58That's it, guys.
0:02:58 > 0:03:00We've got to sweep it into one big pile.
0:03:02 > 0:03:05Now our crop is tidied up...
0:03:05 > 0:03:09..we're going to make some tasty quinoa salads.
0:03:09 > 0:03:10The quinoa is cooked
0:03:10 > 0:03:13until it soaks up all the water.
0:03:14 > 0:03:15Here you go, guys.
0:03:15 > 0:03:16Here's some quinoa.
0:03:21 > 0:03:23Thank you.
0:03:23 > 0:03:24Time to tuck in.
0:03:28 > 0:03:29Trixie, is that really yummy?
0:03:29 > 0:03:31Yes.
0:03:36 > 0:03:38While we finish off our quinoa salads,
0:03:38 > 0:03:40why don't you find out
0:03:40 > 0:03:42what cool creatures get up to in autumn?
0:03:48 > 0:03:51When the leaves fall from the trees in autumn,
0:03:51 > 0:03:53they create a wonderful place
0:03:53 > 0:03:56for lots of tiny creatures to shelter and feed.
0:03:58 > 0:04:00Minute springtails
0:04:00 > 0:04:02feast on the autumn leaves,
0:04:02 > 0:04:05turning them into nothing but skeletons.
0:04:06 > 0:04:09Snails eat leaves too.
0:04:09 > 0:04:12This one is called a glass snail
0:04:12 > 0:04:15because it has a see-through shell.
0:04:15 > 0:04:17As they slither around, glass snails
0:04:17 > 0:04:19give off a stinky garlic smell
0:04:19 > 0:04:21to try to stop predators,
0:04:21 > 0:04:23like this long nosed beetle,
0:04:23 > 0:04:25from eating them.
0:04:26 > 0:04:27Clutches of slug eggs
0:04:27 > 0:04:30can be found in the undergrowth.
0:04:30 > 0:04:31Autumn is a great time
0:04:31 > 0:04:33for slug eggs to hatch.
0:04:33 > 0:04:36The thick leaf litter is a good place to
0:04:36 > 0:04:37hide from predators
0:04:37 > 0:04:39like birds and badgers
0:04:39 > 0:04:41and the steady supply of leaves
0:04:41 > 0:04:44gives the growing slugs plenty to eat.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48Woodlice are closely related to
0:04:48 > 0:04:50sea creatures like prawns and crabs.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54So they need dampness to survive.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56Autumn's wet, rotting leaves
0:04:56 > 0:04:58are the perfect place for them to live.
0:05:03 > 0:05:04At this nursery in Perthshire,
0:05:04 > 0:05:06the children have been learning
0:05:06 > 0:05:08how to safely build a campfire
0:05:08 > 0:05:09and cook outdoors.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11One, two, three.
0:05:13 > 0:05:14Woo!
0:05:14 > 0:05:16So, are we going to have
0:05:16 > 0:05:18dry wood or wet wood for our fire?
0:05:18 > 0:05:19What do we think?
0:05:19 > 0:05:21Dry.
0:05:21 > 0:05:23Dry wood. OK.
0:05:26 > 0:05:28The children are collecting sticks and branches
0:05:28 > 0:05:30that have fallen onto the forest floor.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40We need big ones and small ones.
0:05:40 > 0:05:42This one.
0:05:51 > 0:05:53Once they have collected enough wood,
0:05:53 > 0:05:55they take it to the firehouse.
0:05:55 > 0:05:58In the fire pit, cotton wool is put in first
0:05:58 > 0:05:59to help the fire start.
0:06:02 > 0:06:05Next, small sticks called tinder are added.
0:06:06 > 0:06:08Pop some more sticks on the fire?
0:06:08 > 0:06:09Yes.
0:06:09 > 0:06:11Then, bigger sticks are put on top.
0:06:13 > 0:06:17They make sure that they are a safe distance from the fire.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19Sit safely.
0:06:19 > 0:06:22It's time for some marshmallows!
0:06:22 > 0:06:25It's time for marshmallows!
0:06:25 > 0:06:26Jessica, pop one on the top.
0:06:29 > 0:06:30It's a white one.
0:06:32 > 0:06:33Lean it over into the fire.
0:06:38 > 0:06:39We use long sticks
0:06:39 > 0:06:41because the fire is very hot.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48Can you hold it a little bit higher?
0:06:48 > 0:06:49Well done.
0:06:52 > 0:06:53Keep an eye on your marshmallow.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59My marshmallow is ready.
0:06:59 > 0:07:00Once the marshmallows are cool,
0:07:00 > 0:07:02they are safe to eat.
0:07:02 > 0:07:03BLOW!
0:07:13 > 0:07:14They're yummy.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17What must we do with the fire
0:07:17 > 0:07:19when we're finished cooking?
0:07:19 > 0:07:20Put the fire out.
0:07:21 > 0:07:24This sand puts the fire out safely.
0:07:28 > 0:07:30Why don't you ask an adult to help you
0:07:30 > 0:07:31build a campfire this autumn?
0:07:34 > 0:07:36Run to the window,
0:07:36 > 0:07:37look outside.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39No need to run away or hide.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42The sky is lit up
0:07:42 > 0:07:44with firework light.
0:07:44 > 0:07:45It truly is
0:07:45 > 0:07:47an autumn night.
0:07:47 > 0:07:49Our gloves are on,
0:07:49 > 0:07:50we cannot wait.
0:07:50 > 0:07:52We swish our sparklers,
0:07:52 > 0:07:54we hold them straight.
0:07:54 > 0:07:57Watch me as I write my name
0:07:57 > 0:08:00but be very careful, all the same.
0:08:00 > 0:08:04I love the patterns in the air
0:08:04 > 0:08:05The colours, crackles,
0:08:05 > 0:08:07smells and flare,
0:08:07 > 0:08:08all above me,
0:08:08 > 0:08:10shooting by.
0:08:10 > 0:08:11It's just like magic
0:08:11 > 0:08:13in the sky.
0:08:18 > 0:08:20Today, I'm at a farm in Norfolk
0:08:20 > 0:08:22where they grow turf.
0:08:22 > 0:08:24They've asked me to mow the grass for them
0:08:24 > 0:08:25but I think I might need some help.
0:08:25 > 0:08:27Guys!
0:08:27 > 0:08:28I could do with a hand here...?
0:08:36 > 0:08:38Hi, Stuart. I'm glad to see you.
0:08:38 > 0:08:39Hello, JB. Welcome to the turf fields.
0:08:39 > 0:08:40Thank you.
0:08:40 > 0:08:42Now, what exactly is turf
0:08:42 > 0:08:44because it looks like normal grass to me.
0:08:44 > 0:08:47Well, it is grass but also the soil
0:08:47 > 0:08:48and the roots underneath.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50And why do you grow so much of it?
0:08:50 > 0:08:52Parks, football pitches, roundabouts
0:08:52 > 0:08:54all require lots of grass and it can
0:08:54 > 0:08:56be quite difficult to grow
0:08:56 > 0:08:59so people buy turf like this to put it down.
0:08:59 > 0:09:01And how do you help the grass to grow?
0:09:01 > 0:09:03We mow it and that's our first job today.
0:09:03 > 0:09:05Great, well, I've already got started
0:09:05 > 0:09:06but I think it's going to take a while.
0:09:06 > 0:09:10BEEP! BEEP!
0:09:10 > 0:09:13Thankfully, we've got a big machine that can help.
0:09:15 > 0:09:18We use this big mower to mow the grass up to three times a week.
0:09:18 > 0:09:19We keep the grass short
0:09:19 > 0:09:22so it makes it stronger and thicker.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24So cutting the grass is actually good for the turf?
0:09:24 > 0:09:25Exactly.
0:09:34 > 0:09:37The mower is pulled along by a big tractor.
0:09:37 > 0:09:38The driver has a computer screen
0:09:38 > 0:09:40to keep him in a straight line.
0:09:42 > 0:09:44OK, so now the grass has been mowed, what's the next job?
0:09:44 > 0:09:45Harvesting.
0:09:48 > 0:09:50This is the harvester.
0:09:50 > 0:09:52It cuts the turf out off the ground.
0:09:54 > 0:09:56The harvester makes two big cuts in the ground
0:09:56 > 0:09:59and scoops up the turf.
0:09:59 > 0:10:00As it moves through the machine,
0:10:00 > 0:10:01it's rolled up
0:10:01 > 0:10:03and put onto a pallet,
0:10:03 > 0:10:05just like scooping up ice cream.
0:10:09 > 0:10:12We wrap the turf up so it doesn't fall off. Can you help?
0:10:12 > 0:10:13Of course.
0:10:19 > 0:10:21Yes.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32So, there we have it, our harvested turf.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35Yes, this is ready to be loaded onto lorries and off to our customers.
0:10:35 > 0:10:36Next time I'm at the park,
0:10:36 > 0:10:39I'll know where they get their lovely green grass from.
0:10:39 > 0:10:40While we finish up here,
0:10:40 > 0:10:43why don't you find out how to help hedgehogs in autumn?
0:10:45 > 0:10:47MOO!
0:10:48 > 0:10:50At night, while you sleep,
0:10:50 > 0:10:53a lot of animals are awake and busy.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56Hedgehogs come out when it's dark.
0:10:56 > 0:11:00They may come into the garden to look for food.
0:11:00 > 0:11:06Hedgehogs like water and a healthy snack for them is minced meat.
0:11:06 > 0:11:08Place the food and water in your garden
0:11:08 > 0:11:10and if you're lucky,
0:11:10 > 0:11:12a hedgehog might visit.
0:11:12 > 0:11:14Enjoy being out and about!
0:11:19 > 0:11:20In spring,
0:11:20 > 0:11:22we saw seed potatoes being planted.
0:11:25 > 0:11:27In summer, Farmer Kerr showed us
0:11:27 > 0:11:32how they sprayed the potato crops to keep them healthy.
0:11:32 > 0:11:33Now it's autumn,
0:11:33 > 0:11:35we are back to see if the potatoes
0:11:35 > 0:11:37are ready to be harvested.
0:11:39 > 0:11:42The green tops of the potato plants have died back but lots
0:11:42 > 0:11:46of potatoes have grown underneath the soil, amongst the roots.
0:11:48 > 0:11:50These potatoes are looking really good.
0:11:50 > 0:11:51It's now time to get the harvest done
0:11:51 > 0:11:53and dig up the rest of the field.
0:11:56 > 0:12:01The harvester scoops up the soil and potatoes...
0:12:01 > 0:12:02..and shakes off all the dirt.
0:12:04 > 0:12:08The potatoes are carried to the back of the machine where people
0:12:08 > 0:12:09pick out any stones.
0:12:11 > 0:12:14A tractor and trailer drive alongside the harvester...
0:12:15 > 0:12:19..and the potatoes are moved from the back of the harvester...
0:12:19 > 0:12:21..up a conveyor belt...
0:12:21 > 0:12:23..and dropped into big crates in the trailer.
0:12:27 > 0:12:30We harvest late into the evening.
0:12:31 > 0:12:34When it gets dark, we turn on big lights on the tractor
0:12:34 > 0:12:35and the harvester.
0:12:40 > 0:12:42When the trailer is full of potatoes,
0:12:42 > 0:12:44the tractor takes it to the farm.
0:12:47 > 0:12:49At the farm, a forklift unloads
0:12:49 > 0:12:53the crates of potatoes from the trailer...
0:12:53 > 0:12:55..and stacks them in a big shed.
0:12:58 > 0:13:00This is called a cold store.
0:13:00 > 0:13:04It's as cold as a fridge in here to stop the potatoes from spoiling.
0:13:05 > 0:13:08These potatoes will be delivered to the shops throughout the winter
0:13:08 > 0:13:11and next spring, so that we can eat fresh potatoes all year round.
0:13:16 > 0:13:17CLUCK! CLUCK!
0:13:18 > 0:13:21Storm and I have had a fantastic time on the farm today.
0:13:21 > 0:13:23I hope you did too.
0:13:23 > 0:13:25There are even more great things from Down On The Farm
0:13:25 > 0:13:27on the CBeebies website.
0:13:27 > 0:13:29See you next time. Bye!
0:13:30 > 0:13:31# Come join us
0:13:31 > 0:13:34# Down on the farm today
0:13:34 > 0:13:38# Learn about nature along the way
0:13:38 > 0:13:39# From seeds to crops
0:13:39 > 0:13:41# And field to barn
0:13:41 > 0:13:42# So much to do
0:13:42 > 0:13:43# Down on the farm
0:13:43 > 0:13:45# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:13:45 > 0:13:47# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:13:47 > 0:13:48# With JB
0:13:48 > 0:13:49# And Storm
0:13:49 > 0:13:51# To lead the way
0:13:51 > 0:13:53# Come join us
0:13:53 > 0:13:57# Down on the farm today. #