0:00:02 > 0:00:03# Come join us
0:00:03 > 0:00:06# Down on the farm today
0:00:06 > 0:00:08# Learn about nature
0:00:08 > 0:00:10# Along the way
0:00:10 > 0:00:11# From seeds to crops
0:00:11 > 0:00:13# And field to barn
0:00:13 > 0:00:15# So much to do down on the farm
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:00:17 > 0:00:19# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:00:19 > 0:00:21# With JB
0:00:21 > 0:00:22# And Storm
0:00:22 > 0:00:23# To lead the way
0:00:23 > 0:00:25# Come join us
0:00:25 > 0:00:29# Down on the farm today. #
0:00:31 > 0:00:33Hello, I'm JB and
0:00:33 > 0:00:34welcome to Down On The Farm.
0:00:34 > 0:00:37There can be lots of rain in autumn
0:00:37 > 0:00:40so farmers are kept busy checking their fields
0:00:40 > 0:00:41and looking after the animals.
0:00:41 > 0:00:44While I make sure everything is OK here,
0:00:44 > 0:00:46let's see what Storm is doing.
0:00:56 > 0:00:58Today I'm in Orkney to
0:00:58 > 0:01:00visit a very special farm.
0:01:00 > 0:01:01Now, it's not on land.
0:01:01 > 0:01:03Instead,
0:01:03 > 0:01:04it's in the sea.
0:01:10 > 0:01:11This is Richard.
0:01:11 > 0:01:13He farms fish out at sea
0:01:13 > 0:01:15that are caught and sent to shops
0:01:15 > 0:01:17and restaurants to be eaten.
0:01:19 > 0:01:20Hi, Richard.
0:01:20 > 0:01:21Hi, Storm.
0:01:21 > 0:01:24- So can I come aboard?- Absolutely.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28Let's go aboard.
0:01:39 > 0:01:41So, are you a farmer or a fisherman?
0:01:41 > 0:01:43Both, I guess. I look after
0:01:43 > 0:01:45a type of fish called salmon and we keep them
0:01:45 > 0:01:48in these enclosures called pens.
0:01:48 > 0:01:50Oh, I can see the tops of the pens there.
0:01:50 > 0:01:52They look huge. How big are they?
0:01:52 > 0:01:55They're really big and they go a long way down into the sea
0:01:55 > 0:01:58and each one holds about 30,000 fish.
0:01:58 > 0:02:00How do you look after so many fish?
0:02:00 > 0:02:01We keep an eye on them
0:02:01 > 0:02:03using underwater cameras.
0:02:03 > 0:02:06- Shall we go and have a look? - Absolutely.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12The underwater cameras mean Richard
0:02:12 > 0:02:15can see the fish in the pens.
0:02:15 > 0:02:18I can even see a few of them eating on the camera there.
0:02:18 > 0:02:21But how do you feed that many fish?
0:02:21 > 0:02:24We have a special machine that does that for us.
0:02:26 > 0:02:29This boat is called a food barge.
0:02:29 > 0:02:31Bags of food pellets are loaded
0:02:31 > 0:02:33into a machine which measures out
0:02:33 > 0:02:37exactly how much to feed each pen of salmon.
0:02:37 > 0:02:40The pellets travel along pipes to each pen
0:02:40 > 0:02:43and the machine in the middle spins round
0:02:43 > 0:02:47spraying them out evenly around the pen.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49So every fish in the pen gets
0:02:49 > 0:02:51just the right amount of food.
0:02:56 > 0:02:58A few fish are also checked by hand
0:02:58 > 0:03:00every day to make sure
0:03:00 > 0:03:02they're in good condition.
0:03:06 > 0:03:09It's much bigger than I thought.
0:03:09 > 0:03:10It's about a metre in length.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13It's been in the sea for over a year.
0:03:13 > 0:03:14It's got up to three months
0:03:14 > 0:03:18- before it's ready for harvest.- Is it OK to have fish out of water?
0:03:18 > 0:03:20Only a short period of time.
0:03:20 > 0:03:23We're going to do a check, make sure it's healthy and
0:03:23 > 0:03:25it's been eating lots of food.
0:03:25 > 0:03:28It looks healthy to me, it's got beautiful colour.
0:03:28 > 0:03:32- Do you think we should put it back in the pen?- I think so, yep.
0:03:35 > 0:03:38Now, while we head back to shore...
0:03:38 > 0:03:41..why don't you find out what else happens in autumn?
0:03:41 > 0:03:43Job done.
0:03:46 > 0:03:48Every year, autumn leaves
0:03:48 > 0:03:50fall from trees into streams,
0:03:50 > 0:03:52rivers and ponds.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55These leaves are a really important source of food,
0:03:55 > 0:03:59which will help to support life in the year ahead.
0:04:00 > 0:04:03Goodness from the leaves dissolves into the water
0:04:03 > 0:04:06and is eaten by tiny living things.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10These can then be eaten by slightly bigger creatures
0:04:10 > 0:04:13like insect larvae, some of which
0:04:13 > 0:04:15also shred and eat leaves.
0:04:16 > 0:04:19Larvae are baby insects.
0:04:19 > 0:04:21They grow underwater from eggs and
0:04:21 > 0:04:24will eventually emerge and fly away.
0:04:24 > 0:04:27If they don't get eaten first...
0:04:27 > 0:04:31Bigger creatures, like baby newts, and some birds,
0:04:31 > 0:04:35will feast on as much insect larvae as they can find.
0:04:35 > 0:04:39This dipper has caught some in its beak.
0:04:39 > 0:04:44Larvae are also an important source of food for lots of fish.
0:04:44 > 0:04:47The fish can then be eaten by herons,
0:04:47 > 0:04:50kingfishers and animals like otters.
0:04:50 > 0:04:54So when autumn trees drop their leaves into streams, rivers
0:04:54 > 0:04:56and ponds, they are helping to
0:04:56 > 0:04:59feed all sorts of wonderful wildlife.
0:05:04 > 0:05:09Today, I'm going to help a family prepare their New Year's feast.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11This is Gali and her children,
0:05:11 > 0:05:12Daniel,
0:05:12 > 0:05:13David
0:05:13 > 0:05:15and Sarah.
0:05:15 > 0:05:17- Hi, guys.- ALL: Hi, Storm!
0:05:17 > 0:05:19- Are you ready to pick all the ingredients?- Yes.
0:05:19 > 0:05:21Let's get shopping.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24First, we need carrots...
0:05:24 > 0:05:26..pomegranates...
0:05:27 > 0:05:28..apples...
0:05:30 > 0:05:32Thank you, David.
0:05:32 > 0:05:33Storm, we need the honey.
0:05:33 > 0:05:37- Do you want me to reach it for you? - Yes.
0:05:37 > 0:05:39..and honey.
0:05:39 > 0:05:42Gali and the children are making a meal
0:05:42 > 0:05:43for Rosh Hashanah,
0:05:43 > 0:05:46which is the Jewish New Year.
0:05:48 > 0:05:49So, what are we cooking?
0:05:49 > 0:05:52A traditional Rosh Hashanah dish.
0:05:52 > 0:05:53It's called tzimmes.
0:05:53 > 0:05:55And why do we make that dish?
0:05:55 > 0:05:58During Rosh Hashanah, all the foods that we eat
0:05:58 > 0:06:00have special meaning to
0:06:00 > 0:06:02make next year sweeter and successful.
0:06:02 > 0:06:05Great, well, what are we adding first?
0:06:05 > 0:06:10We're going to add plenty of carrots for good fortune.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13I've got herbs and spices.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16Spices, they smell delicious.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19We're going to add honey to make the New Year sweet.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21While the dish is cooking,
0:06:21 > 0:06:23we'll prepare the table decoration.
0:06:23 > 0:06:25Do these apples have meanings?
0:06:25 > 0:06:27They bring us good health.
0:06:31 > 0:06:35We try to do as many good things
0:06:35 > 0:06:38as the number of seeds that are in pomegranates.
0:06:38 > 0:06:41Wow, that is a lot of good deeds, isn't it?
0:06:41 > 0:06:42Yeah!
0:06:45 > 0:06:47ALL: Finished!
0:06:47 > 0:06:49- Shall we set the table?- Yes.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59This looks like it's going to be a very colourful
0:06:59 > 0:07:02and delicious Rosh Hashanah feast.
0:07:02 > 0:07:04So, guys, how do we say Happy New Year in Hebrew?
0:07:04 > 0:07:07Shanah Tovah.
0:07:07 > 0:07:08Well done.
0:07:08 > 0:07:10- Let's tuck in, shall we?- Yes!
0:07:10 > 0:07:12Thank you.
0:07:12 > 0:07:14This food is very nice.
0:07:14 > 0:07:16This is yummy.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19While they tuck in to this delicious feast,
0:07:19 > 0:07:23why don't you listen to a beautiful autumn poem?
0:07:25 > 0:07:27In the autumn, when it rains
0:07:27 > 0:07:30And leaves are clogging up the drains,
0:07:30 > 0:07:32The water has nowhere to go.
0:07:32 > 0:07:36So, that means...
0:07:36 > 0:07:37..Puddles!
0:07:37 > 0:07:41Huge, great puddles!
0:07:41 > 0:07:43Puddles stretching out like lakes,
0:07:43 > 0:07:46Puddles big enough to make
0:07:46 > 0:07:48The biggest splash in history.
0:07:48 > 0:07:50Come on, let's do it.
0:07:50 > 0:07:51One...
0:07:51 > 0:07:53Two...
0:07:53 > 0:07:54Three!
0:07:55 > 0:07:57Soon we're leaping,
0:07:57 > 0:07:59Jumping, shrieking.
0:07:59 > 0:08:01Dancing in puddles,
0:08:01 > 0:08:02Prancing in puddles
0:08:02 > 0:08:04Running, dashing,
0:08:04 > 0:08:07Splishing, splashing!
0:08:08 > 0:08:11Now the water's over the top,
0:08:11 > 0:08:12Down our wellies,
0:08:12 > 0:08:14Soaking our socks.
0:08:14 > 0:08:16Eu-ugh! Soggy feet.
0:08:17 > 0:08:19That's the trouble
0:08:19 > 0:08:21With puddles.
0:08:27 > 0:08:31Today I'm in Gloucestershire to meet Farmer Jake.
0:08:31 > 0:08:33He's going to show me some crops
0:08:33 > 0:08:35that he's just planted for next year.
0:08:35 > 0:08:36He's just over there.
0:08:36 > 0:08:39Let's go and see what he's doing.
0:08:40 > 0:08:42Hi, JB. Welcome to my farm.
0:08:42 > 0:08:44Thanks, Jake. What are you growing here?
0:08:44 > 0:08:46This crop is called rapeseed.
0:08:46 > 0:08:48We use it to make cooking oil.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50It's important I check that
0:08:50 > 0:08:52these crops are growing well
0:08:52 > 0:08:56and I do that by counting how many there are in this square.
0:08:56 > 0:09:00- Would you like to give me a hand? - Absolutely.
0:09:00 > 0:09:03Jake counts the plants in different parts of the field
0:09:03 > 0:09:07so he can see if there's anywhere the crops aren't growing well.
0:09:07 > 0:09:09Three...
0:09:09 > 0:09:11Four... Five...
0:09:11 > 0:09:14Yep, five on your side and I have got eight.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16This is a good part.
0:09:16 > 0:09:19- This is a really good part of the field here.- Hmm.
0:09:21 > 0:09:23Jake, this field is really big.
0:09:23 > 0:09:25It would take us forever to count the plants.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28We can use something to do this quicker.
0:09:28 > 0:09:29A drone.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32- Would you like to see it? - Sounds good.
0:09:34 > 0:09:36JB, this is Ben.
0:09:36 > 0:09:37Hiya, Ben.
0:09:37 > 0:09:39What exactly is a drone?
0:09:39 > 0:09:41A small aeroplane with a propeller,
0:09:41 > 0:09:45which uses satellite information to tell it where to fly.
0:09:45 > 0:09:47Why is it useful on a farm?
0:09:47 > 0:09:50The drone has a camera that takes pictures of the field.
0:09:50 > 0:09:54The photos go to a computer, which works out if the crops
0:09:54 > 0:09:56are growing well or if they need help.
0:09:56 > 0:10:00It's nearly ready for take-off. Stand back, guys.
0:10:06 > 0:10:09The drone uses satellites to fly straight.
0:10:09 > 0:10:12It flies up and down the field 15 times,
0:10:12 > 0:10:14taking lots of photos from high up.
0:10:14 > 0:10:16So fast.
0:10:16 > 0:10:17It takes ten minutes
0:10:17 > 0:10:21for the drone to take photos of the whole field,
0:10:21 > 0:10:24which is much quicker than checking the crops by hand.
0:10:24 > 0:10:28Now it's time to land and see how Jake's crops are growing.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31The photos are on the computer
0:10:31 > 0:10:34and now we have been given a map of the field.
0:10:34 > 0:10:37The green areas are where the crop is good and healthy.
0:10:37 > 0:10:39What about these yellow areas?
0:10:39 > 0:10:42That's where we're standing right now.
0:10:42 > 0:10:45Yellow means the plants aren't growing well.
0:10:45 > 0:10:46I will look after them
0:10:46 > 0:10:49and feed them more in the winter and spring.
0:10:49 > 0:10:50That's clever.
0:10:50 > 0:10:53- I'm glad there's more green parts on the map.- Me too.
0:10:57 > 0:11:01Jake, Ben, thanks for showing me how a drone can help on a farm.
0:11:01 > 0:11:02You're welcome, JB.
0:11:02 > 0:11:04While we get packed up,
0:11:04 > 0:11:08here are some top tips for spotting insects in autumn.
0:11:12 > 0:11:15In autumn, there are lots of leaves on the ground.
0:11:15 > 0:11:20It can be a great place to spot insects and snails.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24Another good place to look is under a rock or a log.
0:11:24 > 0:11:26What can you find?
0:11:26 > 0:11:28A millipede?
0:11:28 > 0:11:30And a woodlouse!
0:11:30 > 0:11:33Have fun insect spotting.
0:11:40 > 0:11:42A shiny red tractor.
0:11:42 > 0:11:45Big tyres.
0:11:45 > 0:11:46And a spreader.
0:11:46 > 0:11:49I wonder what all this could be for?
0:11:49 > 0:11:54We've come to this farm in Gloucestershire to find out.
0:11:54 > 0:11:55Hi, I'm Farmer Charlie
0:11:55 > 0:11:58Today I'm spreading lime onto this field.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01The soil needs to be healthy for crops to grow
0:12:01 > 0:12:03and lime helps with this.
0:12:03 > 0:12:05Lime is a type of stone that's
0:12:05 > 0:12:08been crushed into a powder for spreading.
0:12:08 > 0:12:12It is full of lots of minerals to help make the soil strong.
0:12:13 > 0:12:16So, before I start spreading the lime,
0:12:16 > 0:12:20I need to test the soil to see how much I need to use.
0:12:20 > 0:12:24Farmer Charlie uses a special machine called a probe to
0:12:24 > 0:12:27check how much acid is in the ground.
0:12:27 > 0:12:31If there is too much acid, the crops won't grow properly.
0:12:31 > 0:12:36If there is not enough, the crops will struggle to grow.
0:12:36 > 0:12:38The soil should be six or seven
0:12:38 > 0:12:40and the probe is showing me five.
0:12:40 > 0:12:44So I'll need to spread lots of lime.
0:12:45 > 0:12:49The crushed limestone is tipped into the spreader.
0:12:51 > 0:12:54As Farmer Charlie drives along the field,
0:12:54 > 0:12:56the lime goes onto a conveyor belt
0:12:56 > 0:12:59and gets dropped onto spinning discs,
0:12:59 > 0:13:01which spread it onto the grass.
0:13:01 > 0:13:05It takes Charlie 30 minutes to spread the lime on the field.
0:13:05 > 0:13:07The lime will soak into the ground.
0:13:07 > 0:13:09It'll take about a year for it
0:13:09 > 0:13:12to feed the soil and make it healthy again.
0:13:12 > 0:13:14Time to go and wash the tractor now.
0:13:21 > 0:13:22Storm and I had
0:13:22 > 0:13:25a brilliant time on the farm today.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27If you want to have fun with your own farm,
0:13:27 > 0:13:29go to the CBeebies website to
0:13:29 > 0:13:31play the Down On The Farm game.
0:13:31 > 0:13:34See you next time. Bye!
0:13:35 > 0:13:36# Come join us
0:13:36 > 0:13:39# Down on the farm today
0:13:39 > 0:13:41# Learn about nature
0:13:41 > 0:13:43# Along the way
0:13:43 > 0:13:44# From seeds to crops
0:13:44 > 0:13:45# And field to barn
0:13:45 > 0:13:48# So much to do down on the farm
0:13:48 > 0:13:50# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:13:50 > 0:13:52# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:13:52 > 0:13:53# With JB
0:13:53 > 0:13:54# And Storm
0:13:54 > 0:13:56# To lead the way
0:13:56 > 0:13:58# Come join us
0:13:58 > 0:14:02# Down on the farm today. #