0:00:02 > 0:00:06# Come join us down on the farm today
0:00:06 > 0:00:09# Learn about nature along the way
0:00:09 > 0:00:12# From seeds to crops and field to plant
0:00:12 > 0:00:14# So much to do down on the farm
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:00:17 > 0:00:19# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:00:19 > 0:00:23# With JB and Storm to lead the way
0:00:23 > 0:00:29# Come join us down on the farm today. #
0:00:30 > 0:00:34Hello, I'm JB and welcome to Down On The Farm.
0:00:34 > 0:00:37Winter is here so it's important to keep cosy and warm.
0:00:37 > 0:00:41But today, Storm's finding out about a winter plant
0:00:41 > 0:00:43that doesn't mind the cold.
0:00:53 > 0:00:54Do you know what this is?
0:00:54 > 0:00:56That's right, it's holly.
0:00:56 > 0:00:59And I've come to a place where there's not one,
0:00:59 > 0:01:01not two,
0:01:01 > 0:01:05but 50 different types of holly.
0:01:05 > 0:01:08Holly is an evergreen plant
0:01:08 > 0:01:11which means it keeps its leaves all year round.
0:01:12 > 0:01:14Winter is a busy time of year for Fiona,
0:01:14 > 0:01:17who grows all this holly.
0:01:17 > 0:01:22So, Bethany, Evie, Robert and Harry have come to help out.
0:01:25 > 0:01:27Hi, everyone.
0:01:27 > 0:01:28So, what are you doing?
0:01:28 > 0:01:31Packing holly leaves for customers.
0:01:31 > 0:01:34Holly is grown from small pieces like this.
0:01:34 > 0:01:36They grow into larger plants
0:01:36 > 0:01:38and then people use them in their gardens
0:01:38 > 0:01:40or for decoration.
0:01:40 > 0:01:44Today, we are going to collect cuttings for new plants
0:01:44 > 0:01:46ready for next year. Who's going to come and help?
0:01:46 > 0:01:48ALL: Me!
0:01:50 > 0:01:52There's two different hollies here.
0:01:52 > 0:01:56We're going to try and match these with the plant they came from.
0:01:56 > 0:01:59And then we're going to take cuttings.
0:01:59 > 0:02:01- Let's go, guys.- Come on, you two.
0:02:01 > 0:02:04Each type of holly has a name.
0:02:04 > 0:02:05This is a hedgehog holly.
0:02:05 > 0:02:08It has lots of sharp prickles.
0:02:08 > 0:02:10What about this one? Do you think they're the same?
0:02:10 > 0:02:11BOTH: No.
0:02:11 > 0:02:13What's different?
0:02:13 > 0:02:16- They're smaller. - And they're a different colour.
0:02:16 > 0:02:18- Yes.- Let's try another one.
0:02:24 > 0:02:26Storm, it's here.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28You're right.
0:02:28 > 0:02:29Let's take a cutting.
0:02:29 > 0:02:31If you'd like to take a cutting of a plant,
0:02:31 > 0:02:34you should always ask an adult for help.
0:02:34 > 0:02:35Here's one for you.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37And here's one for you.
0:02:40 > 0:02:44Robert and Evie are looking for holly with berries.
0:02:44 > 0:02:45This tree's got berries.
0:02:45 > 0:02:47And they're bright red.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49But it's not this one.
0:02:49 > 0:02:50Let's keep looking.
0:02:54 > 0:02:56Hollies have pricklier leaves at the bottom
0:02:56 > 0:02:59to stop animals like rabbits eating them.
0:02:59 > 0:03:03And as the hollies grow taller, then the leaves get smoother.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07I think I found it!
0:03:07 > 0:03:08Oh, well done.
0:03:08 > 0:03:12Let's take some cuttings and go back to the polytunnel.
0:03:12 > 0:03:15With everything collected, it's time to get potting.
0:03:15 > 0:03:19The cuttings are small now but they'll grow into tall plants,
0:03:19 > 0:03:21so that's why we use big pots.
0:03:21 > 0:03:23We fill the pots with compost.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29And then we put our cuttings in.
0:03:31 > 0:03:34The cuttings stay in the polytunnel to keep warm
0:03:34 > 0:03:38until they're ready for the customers.
0:03:38 > 0:03:40You've done a great job today, guys.
0:03:40 > 0:03:42Now, do you know where snow comes from?
0:03:42 > 0:03:43ALL: No.
0:03:43 > 0:03:45Let's find out.
0:03:50 > 0:03:53Many of us hope that it will snow in winter.
0:03:53 > 0:03:56This will happen if it is cold enough.
0:03:56 > 0:04:01Up in the clouds, droplets of water that would have fallen as rain
0:04:01 > 0:04:03freeze into ice crystals instead
0:04:03 > 0:04:06and make snowflakes.
0:04:06 > 0:04:08Every single snowflake is different.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13There are different kinds of snow too.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15When the air is very cold and dry,
0:04:15 > 0:04:18snowflakes stay small and powdery as they fall.
0:04:18 > 0:04:21This powder snow is great for sledging
0:04:21 > 0:04:24as it is soft and fluffy.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26If the air is a bit warmer,
0:04:26 > 0:04:29snowflakes melt at the edges as they fall
0:04:29 > 0:04:32and make big, fat clumps.
0:04:32 > 0:04:35This wet snow sticks together really well
0:04:35 > 0:04:39and is perfect for making snowmen and snowballs.
0:04:39 > 0:04:42But if there is too much warm air,
0:04:42 > 0:04:46the snowflakes melt and fall as sleet or rain.
0:04:46 > 0:04:49So if we are to enjoy playing in the snow...
0:04:49 > 0:04:51it needs to be cold this winter.
0:04:58 > 0:05:01Today, I've come to a farm that not only produces food
0:05:01 > 0:05:03but electricity too.
0:05:05 > 0:05:09COWS MOO
0:05:09 > 0:05:12Hi, Farmer Elaine. Hi, Georgie.
0:05:12 > 0:05:14- Hello, JB.- Hi, JB.
0:05:14 > 0:05:16I've heard you make electricity in your cow shed.
0:05:16 > 0:05:18Can you show me how?
0:05:18 > 0:05:22Yeah, we can. It's not in the cow shed, it's on the roof.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24Come on, I'll show you.
0:05:31 > 0:05:36Look up there, JB. Those are called solar panels.
0:05:36 > 0:05:39Under the snow, there are black panels like these.
0:05:39 > 0:05:44On bright days, they turn energy from the sunlight into electricity.
0:05:44 > 0:05:47And what's the electricity used for?
0:05:47 > 0:05:50It powers everything on the farm.
0:05:50 > 0:05:52Like the lights for the cattle shed.
0:05:52 > 0:05:53That's brilliant.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56And do you make electricity on the farm in any other ways?
0:05:56 > 0:05:58We do. Come and see.
0:05:58 > 0:05:59OK, I'll follow you.
0:06:08 > 0:06:10This is a wind turbine.
0:06:10 > 0:06:15When the wind blows, it turns the big blades.
0:06:15 > 0:06:18So the turbine turns energy from the wind into electricity?
0:06:18 > 0:06:22That's right. We've got seven wind turbines on the farm.
0:06:22 > 0:06:24That must make a lot of electricity.
0:06:24 > 0:06:29They can generate enough to power the whole village.
0:06:29 > 0:06:31They are incredible machines.
0:06:31 > 0:06:36Would you like to come to my school to find out how we use electricity?
0:06:36 > 0:06:37Absolutely.
0:06:41 > 0:06:43Hello, everyone.
0:06:43 > 0:06:45- ALL:- Hello.
0:06:45 > 0:06:49We use electricity for a lot of things.
0:06:49 > 0:06:51Like tablets,
0:06:51 > 0:06:52interactive boards,
0:06:52 > 0:06:54and lights.
0:06:54 > 0:06:56And what's good about the wind turbine
0:06:56 > 0:06:59supplying electricity to the school?
0:06:59 > 0:07:02Because wind energy is renewable.
0:07:02 > 0:07:04So that means it never runs out.
0:07:06 > 0:07:10I can see you're playing the Down On The Farm game on your tablets.
0:07:10 > 0:07:12Mine has run out of battery.
0:07:12 > 0:07:17I think it needs charging up. I'll connect it to the electricity.
0:07:18 > 0:07:20While that charges, you can
0:07:20 > 0:07:23listen to a poem about the month of February.
0:07:25 > 0:07:27February, you might agree
0:07:27 > 0:07:29Is very often seen to be
0:07:29 > 0:07:32The month we frequently forget
0:07:32 > 0:07:34Why should this be?
0:07:34 > 0:07:35Winter is not done yet
0:07:35 > 0:07:38Just 28 days long
0:07:38 > 0:07:40So quick
0:07:40 > 0:07:43But our shortest month has a special trick
0:07:43 > 0:07:46At the end of February, every four years
0:07:46 > 0:07:50A whole extra day just appears
0:07:50 > 0:07:53Last chance before the season's done
0:07:53 > 0:07:57To see my breath and have winter fun
0:07:57 > 0:07:59And if that's not enough, OK
0:07:59 > 0:08:03February's home to Pancake Day
0:08:03 > 0:08:06Yes, Christmas was so long ago
0:08:06 > 0:08:09But might we still enjoy some snow?
0:08:09 > 0:08:12February is not yet spring, I know
0:08:12 > 0:08:15But it will soon be time for things to grow.
0:08:20 > 0:08:25Today, I've come to meet Farmer Andrew and some very special ponies.
0:08:26 > 0:08:28- Hi, Andrew.- Hello, JB.
0:08:28 > 0:08:31- What are you up to? - I'm looking for my ponies.
0:08:31 > 0:08:34Most of them live out on the hill all year round.
0:08:34 > 0:08:36I use these to keep an eye on them
0:08:36 > 0:08:38when they're finding shelter.
0:08:38 > 0:08:40- Would you like to have a look? - Please.
0:08:43 > 0:08:45I think I can see them over there.
0:08:45 > 0:08:47Let's go take a closer look.
0:08:53 > 0:08:55Why are they called fell ponies?
0:08:55 > 0:08:58Fell's another word for a hill.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00Most ponies live in stables in winter,
0:09:00 > 0:09:03so how are fell ponies able to live outside in the cold?
0:09:03 > 0:09:06The long, thick mane helps keep them warm.
0:09:06 > 0:09:07A bit like a scarf?
0:09:07 > 0:09:09Yeah, exactly like a scarf.
0:09:09 > 0:09:13They have a thick coat that helps to keep them warm too.
0:09:13 > 0:09:17And they've good, hard feet to help them walk on rocky ground.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20So they are well adapted to living outside, can keep warm,
0:09:20 > 0:09:23and move around easily to find shelter.
0:09:23 > 0:09:24Is there anything you need to do?
0:09:24 > 0:09:27We can give them some feed. There's some at the tractor.
0:09:27 > 0:09:28OK, let's go.
0:09:32 > 0:09:36Farmer Andrew feeds his fell ponies high up on the hillside
0:09:36 > 0:09:39along with a herd of his woolly cows.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45Andrew, what are the ponies eating right now?
0:09:45 > 0:09:47It's called haylage.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50It's grass that's been cut in summer and stored until now.
0:09:50 > 0:09:53How do you know which pony is which?
0:09:53 > 0:09:55I can tell them all by looking at them.
0:09:55 > 0:09:57But they are all microchipped.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00So we'll read them back at the farm.
0:10:01 > 0:10:04Not all of Andrew's ponies live on the fell,
0:10:04 > 0:10:06some live down at the farm.
0:10:13 > 0:10:16When a pony is young, the vet puts a microchip under its skin
0:10:16 > 0:10:18with its own individual number on it.
0:10:18 > 0:10:22- So a bit like a new puppy or kitten? - Exactly the same.
0:10:22 > 0:10:26With the scanner, we can pick these microchips up out of these ponies
0:10:26 > 0:10:30and then we can check that number against their passports
0:10:30 > 0:10:32and that will give us their age, their name,
0:10:32 > 0:10:34so we know exactly who it is.
0:10:34 > 0:10:37- Can I have a go?- Of course you can! Here you are.
0:10:37 > 0:10:41Press that button and come down this side of its neck.
0:10:41 > 0:10:42BEEP
0:10:42 > 0:10:43You've got it.
0:10:43 > 0:10:46- 0828.- 0828.
0:10:46 > 0:10:48That's Mikado.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50Good job.
0:10:50 > 0:10:52And now for the rest of the ponies.
0:10:53 > 0:10:559402.
0:10:55 > 0:10:56That's Dobby.
0:10:58 > 0:11:005931.
0:11:00 > 0:11:035931. Wilbur...
0:11:03 > 0:11:05- Good job.- Well done.
0:11:07 > 0:11:08There we go. All done.
0:11:08 > 0:11:11Let's leave these ponies and go and get warm.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14And here's how you can keep warm in winter too.
0:11:19 > 0:11:20In winter, it might be cold,
0:11:20 > 0:11:24but that doesn't stop us from going outside.
0:11:24 > 0:11:29Just remember to wrap up with gloves, scarf and a cosy coat.
0:11:29 > 0:11:33You could also take a flask with a warm drink in it.
0:11:38 > 0:11:41Sheep have woolly fleeces that keep them warm.
0:11:41 > 0:11:44They don't always need these all year round
0:11:44 > 0:11:46and so some farmers take their fleeces off
0:11:46 > 0:11:49by clipping or shearing them.
0:11:49 > 0:11:52Their fleece is then turned into something really useful
0:11:52 > 0:11:55that we can use called yarn.
0:11:55 > 0:12:00We can then use the wool yarn to knit lots of different things.
0:12:00 > 0:12:03Today, we are in the Scottish Borders
0:12:03 > 0:12:04to meet some expert knitters
0:12:04 > 0:12:07who are going to show us how to knit.
0:12:09 > 0:12:13All you need to knit are some needles and yarns.
0:12:13 > 0:12:17To start knitting, we need to make stitches.
0:12:17 > 0:12:19This is called casting on.
0:12:19 > 0:12:20In the door.
0:12:21 > 0:12:23Then bring the yarn around.
0:12:24 > 0:12:26Through the window.
0:12:26 > 0:12:27And on jumps Jack.
0:12:29 > 0:12:32We hold the yarn and loop it around the needles
0:12:32 > 0:12:34to create a stitch.
0:12:34 > 0:12:35Well done.
0:12:35 > 0:12:39Keep doing this until you have lots of stitches.
0:12:39 > 0:12:40This is how you do a row.
0:12:43 > 0:12:45You need to knit lots of rows
0:12:45 > 0:12:46so your knitting grows.
0:12:55 > 0:12:57When we've finished, we cast off
0:12:57 > 0:13:00so the knitting comes off the needles.
0:13:00 > 0:13:02Remember you have two stitches.
0:13:02 > 0:13:04The old one goes over the new.
0:13:06 > 0:13:08With pieces of knitting,
0:13:08 > 0:13:11you can sew them together to make bigger pieces,
0:13:11 > 0:13:14like bags or little puppets.
0:13:17 > 0:13:21ALL: You can try too! Bye!
0:13:27 > 0:13:30Storm and I had a brilliant time on the farm today.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32If you want to look after your own farm,
0:13:32 > 0:13:36go to the CBeebie's website to play the Down On The Farm game.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38See you next time. Bye.
0:13:40 > 0:13:44# Come join us down on the farm today
0:13:44 > 0:13:47# Learn about nature along the way
0:13:47 > 0:13:50# From seeds to crops and field to plant
0:13:50 > 0:13:52# So much to do down on the farm
0:13:52 > 0:13:54# Summer, autumn, winter, spring
0:13:54 > 0:13:57# Ploughing, planting, harvesting
0:13:57 > 0:14:01# With JB and Storm to lead the way
0:14:01 > 0:14:05# Come join us down on the farm today. #