0:00:23 > 0:00:25This story belongs to Trixie
0:00:25 > 0:00:26and her daddy, Olly.
0:00:30 > 0:00:32It's a tiny tale about how children
0:00:32 > 0:00:33just like you lived in the
0:00:33 > 0:00:36olden days, nearly 500 years ago.
0:01:01 > 0:01:06- Look at all these boats.- Which is your favourite one?- That one.
0:01:06 > 0:01:07That one? The long one?
0:01:08 > 0:01:10Trixie loves going to look at them.
0:01:11 > 0:01:15Well, Trix, I know a story about a little boy called Francis Drake.
0:01:15 > 0:01:17He loved boats, just like you.
0:01:17 > 0:01:21He lived a very, very long time ago.
0:01:21 > 0:01:24When he grew up, Francis Drake became a very famous sailor.
0:01:24 > 0:01:29He had a really big boat and he used to sail all around the world.
0:01:29 > 0:01:31He lived at the time of Queen Elizabeth I,
0:01:31 > 0:01:34which we call the Elizabethan times.
0:01:34 > 0:01:37Why don't we go on an adventure and dress up to find out what
0:01:37 > 0:01:40life was like when Francis was a little boy, all those years ago?
0:01:40 > 0:01:42Yes!
0:01:44 > 0:01:48Trixie and daddy Olly are going on a journey of discovery and together,
0:01:48 > 0:01:51they're going to find out what life was like all those years ago.
0:01:55 > 0:01:59Trixie and daddy Olly have come to the Red Lodge Museum in Bristol.
0:01:59 > 0:02:02They've dressed up in sailors' clothes,
0:02:02 > 0:02:04like Francis would have worn when he was young.
0:02:07 > 0:02:10Trixie, look at our amazing clothes. What's your favourite thing about
0:02:10 > 0:02:12- what you're wearing? - My shoes and my hat.
0:02:12 > 0:02:14Why is your hat your favourite thing?
0:02:14 > 0:02:18I like that little bow at the back.
0:02:18 > 0:02:21Do you think these clothes are smart?
0:02:21 > 0:02:22I think they're scruffy.
0:02:22 > 0:02:24Yeah, I think they're really scruffy.
0:02:24 > 0:02:27Why do you think they're scruffy clothes?
0:02:27 > 0:02:32- Because they were what sailors wore in Francis Drake's time.- Yeah?
0:02:32 > 0:02:34And they're for working.
0:02:34 > 0:02:40- Yeah.- What about me? - I think it's your trousers.
0:02:40 > 0:02:42I think my trousers are very silly.
0:02:42 > 0:02:45- They're very, very baggy, aren't they?- Yeah.
0:02:45 > 0:02:48Now we're all dressed up, shall we see if we can see any ships?
0:02:57 > 0:03:01Trixie and daddy Olly are not ready to go to sea just yet.
0:03:01 > 0:03:03They've got lots to get ready first.
0:03:05 > 0:03:10They're going to find out how sailors got ready for their voyages.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13- So, what do you think these things might be for?- Sewing, maybe?
0:03:13 > 0:03:14Yeah, sewing.
0:03:14 > 0:03:17- Did you know that sailors had to be really good at sewing?- No.
0:03:17 > 0:03:20- Shall we have a go?- Yeah!
0:03:20 > 0:03:22Come on, then. Try to push the needle through.
0:03:22 > 0:03:26It might seem odd, but everyone on a ship had to be able to sew.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29- Yeah, that's it.- Dad?- Yeah.
0:03:29 > 0:03:31Why did sailors have to be so good at sewing?
0:03:31 > 0:03:33They had to sew their sails.
0:03:33 > 0:03:37- In case they got broken or something?- Yeah, exactly.
0:03:37 > 0:03:38They were out at sea, weren't they?
0:03:38 > 0:03:42Sails often got torn when the ship was at sea.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45- So they needed mending.- Sailors also had to sew their own clothes.
0:03:45 > 0:03:49- Was it hard?- Really hard. Just like you're finding it hard now.
0:03:49 > 0:03:53- Would you like to do sewing of a whole sail?- Yeah!- You would!
0:03:56 > 0:03:58Good sewing, Trixie!
0:03:58 > 0:04:01We've done some sewing, we've got our clothes,
0:04:01 > 0:04:04can you think of anything else that we might need to do before we
0:04:04 > 0:04:05- go to sea?- A boat?
0:04:05 > 0:04:10Well, we need a boat. What might we need to go on our boat?
0:04:10 > 0:04:12- Hm, I know what.- What's that?
0:04:12 > 0:04:15- Food.- That's right, food.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18- Shall we go and have a look at some food?- Yeah!
0:04:20 > 0:04:23Sailors had to take all the food they needed with them.
0:04:23 > 0:04:26They might be away at sea for many months, or even years.
0:04:30 > 0:04:33Sailors spent more time at sea than they did on land.
0:04:33 > 0:04:37Trixie and daddy Olly are looking at some food that sailors would
0:04:37 > 0:04:39have eaten on their voyages.
0:04:39 > 0:04:42- Trixie, what's on this plate? - Bread.
0:04:42 > 0:04:44- And what are these?- Apples.
0:04:44 > 0:04:47These apples and bread look really nice right now, don't they, Trix?
0:04:47 > 0:04:50- Yeah.- But sailors were at sea for a really long time.
0:04:50 > 0:04:53There were no fridges or freezers back then,
0:04:53 > 0:04:55so the food didn't stay fresh. This happened.
0:04:58 > 0:05:01This is what happens to food if it's left for a really long time.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03It goes mouldy.
0:05:06 > 0:05:08Because fresh fruit goes mouldy,
0:05:08 > 0:05:10sailors often didn't have enough vitamins.
0:05:10 > 0:05:13They got a nasty illness called scurvy,
0:05:13 > 0:05:16which made their bones ache and their teeth fall out.
0:05:16 > 0:05:19But sailors were able to do something to try and keep the
0:05:19 > 0:05:21food fresh longer.
0:05:21 > 0:05:24- What do you think this is? - Meat?- Meat, yeah.
0:05:24 > 0:05:26And what do you think is on top of it?
0:05:26 > 0:05:28It looks like ice or something.
0:05:28 > 0:05:31It looks like ice. It's not, it's actually salt.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34What sailors did is put salt on their food because that would
0:05:34 > 0:05:36help to keep it fresh.
0:05:36 > 0:05:39The meat was covered in salt so it stayed free from mould and maggots.
0:05:39 > 0:05:43Francis would have eaten food just like this.
0:05:43 > 0:05:45- And, Trix, what are these?- Biscuits?
0:05:45 > 0:05:49Yeah, they're a special type of biscuit, called ship's biscuits.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52They're made from flour and water and because they're really dry,
0:05:52 > 0:05:55they lasted for a really long time.
0:05:55 > 0:05:57- What are they like? - They're really hard.
0:05:57 > 0:06:01Shall I show you what the sailors used to do, so they could eat them?
0:06:01 > 0:06:04- They put something on them? - Well, sort of. They sucked them.
0:06:06 > 0:06:08And they kept sucking until they were soft enough to eat.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11They don't taste very nice.
0:06:11 > 0:06:13Sailors had bad teeth.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16They either sucked the ship's biscuits until they got
0:06:16 > 0:06:19a bit softer, or they would crumble them up and mash them in
0:06:19 > 0:06:21water to make a sort of porridge.
0:06:24 > 0:06:27Sailors also caught fresh fish from the sea to eat.
0:06:27 > 0:06:32Sometimes, they even ate turtles, or penguins.
0:06:32 > 0:06:35- Shall we have a go at tasting them, Trix?- Why not?
0:06:39 > 0:06:43What do you think it would be like if you had to eat these every day?
0:06:43 > 0:06:45Not good!
0:06:49 > 0:06:53Now they know what sailors took with them,
0:06:53 > 0:06:56Trixie and daddy Olly are ready to go to sea, just like Francis.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02There were lots of big ships sailing to many parts of the world,
0:07:02 > 0:07:04buying and selling things or exploring.
0:07:04 > 0:07:08When he was 12 years old, Francis got a job on a boat like this,
0:07:08 > 0:07:11which was taking things across the sea to France.
0:07:11 > 0:07:13His new job was as a ship's boy.
0:07:28 > 0:07:31Trixie and daddy Olly are on a big ship,
0:07:31 > 0:07:34like the one Francis would have worked on.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37They're exploring to see what the different parts of the boat do.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42So, Trix, how do you think they used to steer the ship?
0:07:42 > 0:07:45- By a wheel?- Where do you think the steering wheel is?
0:07:46 > 0:07:48I don't see it anywhere, Dad.
0:07:48 > 0:07:51I think they used this to steer. Shall we have a go?
0:07:53 > 0:07:56OK, push it all the way across.
0:07:56 > 0:07:58Ships' wheels hadn't been invented yet.
0:07:58 > 0:08:03Instead, the captain would have used a lever like this to steer the ship.
0:08:04 > 0:08:06Wow!
0:08:09 > 0:08:13Half the sailors kept watch over the ship, while the other half slept.
0:08:13 > 0:08:15They swapped every four hours.
0:08:16 > 0:08:17There were no clocks,
0:08:17 > 0:08:20so they used something called an hourglass to measure time.
0:08:20 > 0:08:23When the sand has run from top to bottom,
0:08:23 > 0:08:26that is four hours up and it's time for the crew to swap over.
0:08:28 > 0:08:31Trix, ship boys like Francis would have rung the bell and turned
0:08:31 > 0:08:34the hourglass to tell the sailors when to change watch.
0:08:34 > 0:08:36Do you want to have a go?
0:08:36 > 0:08:40Now, it's time to change watch, Trixie's ringing the bell...
0:08:41 > 0:08:43..and turning over the hourglass,
0:08:45 > 0:08:47so these sailors know it's time to start work.
0:08:49 > 0:08:52And these ones can have a well-earned rest.
0:09:08 > 0:09:11Because they were the least important people on the ship,
0:09:11 > 0:09:16the ship's boys had to do all the jobs no-one else wanted to do.
0:09:16 > 0:09:17Oh, this is hard work.
0:09:17 > 0:09:19Yeah.
0:09:19 > 0:09:21They had to do a lot of cleaning.
0:09:22 > 0:09:25- Sailors call this swabbing the decks.- Ooh.
0:09:25 > 0:09:29Ship boys were the lowest rank on the ship and had to do all
0:09:29 > 0:09:30the muckiest jobs.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33What does lowest rank mean?
0:09:33 > 0:09:37Lowest rank meant that they were the least important people on the ship.
0:09:37 > 0:09:41- And they had to do all the jobs that nobody else wanted to do.- Really?
0:09:41 > 0:09:46- Trix, would you like to do this? - Yeah.- Really?- I'm finding it fun.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49Are you? What if you had to do the whole deck?
0:09:49 > 0:09:51Yes, I would love to do the whole deck.
0:09:53 > 0:09:56Back then, all ships leaked a little bit,
0:09:56 > 0:09:59so water would collect in the very bottom of the ship.
0:09:59 > 0:10:02Ship's boys had to pump out the water,
0:10:02 > 0:10:07but it was the worst job on the ship because the water got very smelly.
0:10:07 > 0:10:09Phoof!
0:10:09 > 0:10:11Some of the sailors on the ship had to keep watch from the
0:10:11 > 0:10:15highest point. It's called the crow's nest.
0:10:15 > 0:10:18- Can you see something called a crow's nest?- Up there.- Up there?
0:10:18 > 0:10:21You're right, right at the top of the mast, look at that,
0:10:21 > 0:10:22right up there.
0:10:22 > 0:10:26See that rope ladder running all the way up to the crow's nest?
0:10:26 > 0:10:28Well, that was called the rigging.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31Did you know that the sailors had to climb up there with bare feet?
0:10:31 > 0:10:34They had to do that to help them grip onto the ropes.
0:10:34 > 0:10:37- It's really high up there. - It's very high, isn't it?
0:10:37 > 0:10:40Francis worked very hard as a ship's boy.
0:10:40 > 0:10:43And after many years, he became captain of his own ship.
0:10:44 > 0:10:47Francis' ship was called the Golden Hind.
0:10:47 > 0:10:50He worked for Queen Elizabeth, discovering new lands,
0:10:50 > 0:10:54winning wars at sea, and getting treasure from those countries.
0:10:54 > 0:10:56He gave the treasure to the Queen.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14Trixie and daddy Olly are going ashore to look at the kind of
0:11:14 > 0:11:17treasure Francis would have brought Queen Elizabeth.
0:11:17 > 0:11:20Do you think there'll be lots of treasure when we get to the beach?
0:11:20 > 0:11:21Yeah.
0:11:21 > 0:11:24The big ship couldn't go right up to the beach
0:11:24 > 0:11:25because it would get stuck.
0:11:25 > 0:11:30Sailors used smaller boats like this one to row ashore and get treasure.
0:11:42 > 0:11:46Did you know that Francis Drake brought all sorts of things
0:11:46 > 0:11:48- back to England from around the world?- No.
0:11:48 > 0:11:50All the treasure had to be noted down
0:11:50 > 0:11:53so we can tell the Queen what we've got.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56- Could you help me?- Yeah. - What shall we write down first?
0:11:56 > 0:11:59- A bowl.- OK, a silver bowl.
0:12:03 > 0:12:04What's next?
0:12:04 > 0:12:06A gold jug.
0:12:06 > 0:12:09A gold jug.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16Francis brought back lots of valuable treasure.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19The Queen was so happy that she knighted him on his ship and
0:12:19 > 0:12:21he became Sir Francis Drake.
0:12:21 > 0:12:23There's lots of treasure here.
0:12:23 > 0:12:25I think this will be great to take back to the Queen.
0:12:25 > 0:12:27- Argh!- Argh!
0:12:39 > 0:12:43- Have you had a nice day, Trixie? - Yes, the best day ever.
0:12:43 > 0:12:47It's been lots of fun finding out what happened a long, long time ago.
0:12:47 > 0:12:49Can you remember some of the things we did?
0:12:51 > 0:12:54Trixie and daddy Olly had to clean the ship.
0:12:54 > 0:12:56What was that job called?
0:12:56 > 0:12:58Mopping the top, or swabbing the decks?
0:13:00 > 0:13:02You're right! Swabbing the decks.
0:13:02 > 0:13:05What's the highest point of the ship called
0:13:05 > 0:13:07where sailors could keep watch?
0:13:07 > 0:13:09Crow's nest, or an eagle's branch?
0:13:11 > 0:13:14Brilliant, it's a crow's nest.
0:13:14 > 0:13:17- What did you enjoy doing the most? - Going on the big boat.
0:13:17 > 0:13:20What was your favourite thing, Daddy?
0:13:20 > 0:13:23My favourite thing was going on the rowing boat,
0:13:23 > 0:13:27but really most of all, I enjoyed spending time with you.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32What a journey of discovery.
0:13:32 > 0:13:35That was Trixie and daddy Olly's tiny tale about what it was
0:13:35 > 0:13:40like living as a sailor like Sir Francis Drake nearly 500 years ago.
0:13:40 > 0:13:43Now daddy Olly has shared this story with Trixie,
0:13:43 > 0:13:47it's time for Trixie to start her very own story.
0:13:47 > 0:13:50Do you know someone with a story to share?