:00:23. > :00:27.Hello and welcome to Newsround with me, Hayley. And me, Ricky. We've
:00:27. > :00:29.got a jam packed show to kick start your week, including this:
:00:29. > :00:34.It's Newsround's 40th anniversary on Wednesday and we've been taking
:00:34. > :00:39.a look at Newsround past. And I've been running the 100
:00:39. > :00:43.metres in the Olympic stadium. But first, 30 years ago today,
:00:43. > :00:47.Britain and Argentina went to war over the Falkland Islands. People
:00:47. > :00:49.around the UK are remembering those who died in the conflict. The war
:00:49. > :00:53.started when Argentine forces invaded the islands, and British
:00:53. > :00:56.forces were sent out to defend them. Even though the Falkland Islanders
:00:56. > :01:03.are British, many people in Argentina believe the islands
:01:03. > :01:06.belong to them. And we'll be looking closer at how
:01:06. > :01:09.Newsround covered the Falklands War 30 years ago in our 6.55 bulletin
:01:09. > :01:13.tomorrow. Next, this is a really special week
:01:13. > :01:17.for Newsround. Our very first programme went on air 40 years ago
:01:17. > :01:21.on Wednesday. All this week, we'll be looking back at how the world's
:01:21. > :01:31.changed since that first broadcast. To kick off, Leah's been back to
:01:31. > :01:42.
:01:42. > :01:45.Welcome to the 70s. In 1972, when Newsround first went on air, most
:01:45. > :01:49.people watched it on black-and- white TV's and more than half of
:01:49. > :01:57.phones did not have one of these, a telephone. He is a look at what you
:01:57. > :02:02.missed. In 1972, Newsround started. It looked a bit different to how it
:02:02. > :02:11.does nowadays and so did the children who watch it. It was a
:02:11. > :02:15.decade with a lot to report on. Man first set foot on the moon in 1969.
:02:15. > :02:23.During the 70s, there were five more manned moon landings. And they
:02:23. > :02:27.even took up bodies. Technology was changing and it was all thanks to
:02:27. > :02:31.this, a silicone chip. It meant computers could get a lot smaller
:02:31. > :02:36.and cheaper. Doing maths suddenly got a whole lot easier with the
:02:36. > :02:41.first pocket calculator and digital watches became the must have a
:02:41. > :02:44.high-tech gadget. The idea of this is to be able to stand a one-legged
:02:44. > :02:50.the longest. On TV there were only three challenge -- channels to
:02:50. > :02:55.watch and only an hour of judges TV each day. Blue Peter was already a
:02:55. > :03:00.favourite and do you recognise this guy? Noel Edmonds did a lot of
:03:00. > :03:04.presenting on children's TV back there, too. A law comes into force
:03:04. > :03:07.today to protect the world's rarest animals. From the beginning the
:03:07. > :03:12.programme always covered the importance stories, but we have
:03:12. > :03:16.also covered some rather silly things, too. 60 for women and 102
:03:16. > :03:20.men have been helping search for that perfect lavatory seat. They
:03:20. > :03:26.will test out different seats and help the government decide which
:03:26. > :03:30.seat is best for the British bottom. Every night this week we will be
:03:30. > :03:38.looking back at what else has changed since we've been on air.
:03:38. > :03:40.Tune in at 6:55pm on CBBC. Du Kunitsyn at 655 on the Sidibe
:03:40. > :03:43.Channel And tune in at 6.55 on the CBBC
:03:43. > :03:46.Channel for much more of that in the first of our special
:03:46. > :03:49.anniversary programmes. Next to this - Mount Etna. It's the
:03:49. > :03:52.biggest active volcano in Europe and yesterday it erupted again. It
:03:52. > :03:55.didn't cause any damage and no-one has been hurt, but what's amazing
:03:55. > :03:59.is it's the fifth time Etna has erupted this year! Sounds a lot,
:03:59. > :04:02.but Mount Etna has always been pretty busy.
:04:02. > :04:06.Firing molten lava high into the sky, Mount Etna is an amazing and
:04:06. > :04:10.frightening sight. But for the people of Catania, the town that
:04:10. > :04:14.lies 18 miles below the top of the volcano in Sicily, this is nothing
:04:14. > :04:17.new. There are about 1,500 active volcanoes in the world, but Etna is
:04:17. > :04:24.one of the most active and records of its eruptions stretch back as
:04:24. > :04:28.far as Roman times. But why is Etna so busy? Well, it's all down to
:04:28. > :04:32.what's happening underground. The Earth's crust is made up of moving
:04:32. > :04:35.plates. Underneath these plates is magma. An eruption happens when a
:04:35. > :04:38.plate moves and the magma is allowed to push its way to the
:04:38. > :04:42.surface. One of the plates underneath Etna is being pushed
:04:42. > :04:45.under the other, which makes it so explosive. Being so explosive makes
:04:45. > :04:51.living nearby pretty worrying and it's because of what happened here
:04:51. > :04:54.almost 2,000 years ago. The Roman city of Pompeii on the mainland was
:04:54. > :04:58.destroyed by a huge eruption from Mount Vesuvius and people are
:04:59. > :05:08.worried that Etna could one day do the same in Sicily. But should they
:05:09. > :05:11.
:05:11. > :05:16.be worried? A thing possibly not. The magma is flowing down the Mote
:05:16. > :05:19.in -- Mountain, building a new layers, which is what happened with
:05:19. > :05:24.the sort of volcanoes. Of volcanoes are unpredictable and who knows
:05:24. > :05:26.what will happen? So while Etna might be quiet now, you can expect
:05:26. > :05:29.to more amazing pictures like this very soon.
:05:29. > :05:32.Yesterday saw the biggest event to take place inside London's Olympic
:05:32. > :05:36.Stadium so far. 20,000 people were invited to warm up the track in
:05:36. > :05:40.east London ahead of the Summer Games. And I was lucky enough to
:05:40. > :05:50.take part in a 100m race. But as you'll see, I wasn't quite the
:05:50. > :05:51.
:05:51. > :05:55.We've been through security, I've got my special pass, thousands are
:05:55. > :06:00.making their way into the London Olympics Stadium with a very -- for
:06:00. > :06:05.the first time. But I'm not here to watch, I'm taking part. I'm here to
:06:05. > :06:11.win. Thousands of people took part in the Gold Challenge charity run,
:06:11. > :06:15.raising a serious a matter of cash. This is one of the first test
:06:15. > :06:18.events to take place inside the stadium. In a few months it will
:06:18. > :06:25.see some of the biggest sporting stars like Usain Bolt, Jessica
:06:25. > :06:29.Ennis and now me. Get ready for some real competition. I've been
:06:29. > :06:39.invited to a special 100 metres charity race. Are you excited to be
:06:39. > :06:41.
:06:41. > :06:48.here? Yes. We've never been before. Ready! Then it was my turn. Can you
:06:48. > :06:51.see me? By men purple. You can just about see me at the back. I didn't
:06:51. > :06:55.come first but it was a day of firsts. The first marriage proposal
:06:55. > :06:59.to place inside the stadium, I met the first deaf person to run on the
:06:59. > :07:02.track and it is the first time a Newsround presenter has competed
:07:02. > :07:07.inside the Olympic Stadium. Champion!
:07:07. > :07:10.I didn't come last. I came in 6th place. And I had a cold.
:07:10. > :07:14.Now, this kid might be dizzy after this stunt, but he's also a record
:07:14. > :07:17.breaker. He's the first ever skateboarder to successfully
:07:17. > :07:22.complete three full spins after taking off from a ramp. Tom Schaar
:07:22. > :07:25.is from Malibu in California, and get this, he's only 12 years old!