:00:19. > :00:24.Hello again! Ricky and Nel, welcoming you to a very special
:00:24. > :00:28.Newsround. It is exactly 40 years since this
:00:28. > :00:31.show went live for the very first time. To mark the occasion, we have
:00:31. > :00:36.got Newsround's founder, John Craven, in the studio. And we have
:00:36. > :00:41.got all this coming up, too... No gadgets! Imagine what life was
:00:41. > :00:43.like for your parents. We put these twins to the test. And we explore
:00:43. > :00:47.the Newsround archive to find out what presenters were wearing 40
:00:47. > :00:50.years ago. But first, to celebrate our
:00:50. > :00:54.birthday we have carried out a massive survey to find out how life
:00:54. > :00:57.has changed for children since the programme first started. First up,
:00:57. > :01:01.we wanted to find out how much freedom you get to do things on
:01:01. > :01:07.your own these days, without your parents. The results suggest one in
:01:07. > :01:11.three of you are allowed up to the shops or to walk to school alone.
:01:11. > :01:15.And one in four of you are not allowed out without an adult at all.
:01:15. > :01:18.There are lots of good reasons why your mum and dad might be worried
:01:18. > :01:21.about letting you out on your own, but top children's author Michael
:01:21. > :01:28.Morpurgo thinks children should be allowed freedom to do things like
:01:28. > :01:35.climbing trees. It is only by risking that you find out about
:01:35. > :01:40.gravity, for instance. If you over a branch a tree, you fall down. By
:01:40. > :01:43.taking risks, you learn to look after yourself and other people.
:01:43. > :01:53.Well, we have been asking you what you think about this and loads of
:01:53. > :02:09.
:02:09. > :02:13.Now, we are really lucky to have with us today someone who launched
:02:13. > :02:23.this programme, John Craven. He was the very first Newsround presenter
:02:23. > :02:25.
:02:25. > :02:33.when the show began in the 1970s. Thank you for being with us. John,
:02:33. > :02:40.we have had loads of comments. Was it like that when you were
:02:40. > :02:46.presenting Newsround? Kids did have a lot more freedom but a lot more
:02:46. > :02:53.children came home to an empty home. These days, more children find
:02:53. > :02:57.their parents at home to greet them. But maybe Michael Morpurgo is right.
:02:57. > :03:02.Then maybe a little bit too much cotton-wool treatment these days.
:03:03. > :03:06.We have heard that a few times. Thanks, John. We will be catching
:03:06. > :03:10.up with you a bit later but first, we are going to talk about religion.
:03:10. > :03:13.One of the questions we asked in our survey was whether you thought
:03:13. > :03:16.it was important. The results suggest lot of you think it is, so
:03:16. > :03:19.I have been out to investigate. Here in Britain, people follow lots
:03:19. > :03:22.of different religions. Christianity, Islam, Judaism,
:03:22. > :03:25.Sikhism and Hinduism are the big ones, but there are lots of other
:03:25. > :03:30.religions around. One in three people do not follow any religion
:03:30. > :03:39.at all. When we asked you guys were the religion was important to you,
:03:39. > :03:43.43 per cent said it was. So is Britain become more religious? Well,
:03:43. > :03:46.one man who should know is the Archbishop of Canterbury. He is the
:03:46. > :03:56.most important man in the Church of England and I am hoping he might
:03:56. > :04:01.have some of the answers. Are you surprised? I am a bit surprised.
:04:02. > :04:04.Schools are more varied these days. People are exposed to different
:04:04. > :04:08.religions. People are learning to take religion more seriously
:04:08. > :04:14.perhaps. After Christianity, Islam is the next largest religion in
:04:14. > :04:21.Britain. I am here at a mosque in Oxford to find out why some kids
:04:21. > :04:25.choose to give up their free time to learn more about their religion.
:04:25. > :04:30.Do you think a religion affects the way you become? I think it does a
:04:30. > :04:34.bit because it affects your habits. My friends are lots of different
:04:34. > :04:39.religions but that does not make any difference. I still treat them
:04:39. > :04:41.the same. Fewer people in Britain go to church today than when
:04:41. > :04:44.Newsround first started, but our survey suggests that for many of
:04:44. > :04:47.you, whatever religion you follow, it still plays an important part in
:04:47. > :04:52.your life. Now, can you imagine life without a
:04:52. > :04:56.smart phone, DVDs or even the Web? Well, if you had been around when
:04:56. > :05:00.Newsround first started, you would not have had any of them. They had
:05:00. > :05:04.not been invented. So in a rather basic experiment, shall we say, I
:05:04. > :05:12.put two volunteers to the test to see how they would have coped 40
:05:12. > :05:18.years ago. Meet twins Natalie and faith. They
:05:18. > :05:25.live in Wigan with their mum. They love Newsround but 40 years ago
:05:25. > :05:29.when Karen watched the show, things were different. I can remember John
:05:29. > :05:35.Craven's Newsround because he always used to wear a jumper! I
:05:35. > :05:40.remember that. I remember when microwaves first came out. You
:05:40. > :05:48.could heat up high in three minutes. We thought it was bonkers! Things
:05:48. > :05:54.are a little bit different for Natalie and fray. We have the
:05:54. > :05:58.computer. We can Google whatever we want. It takes two minutes. When
:05:58. > :06:03.mum was little, I do not know how you would find it. You have to go
:06:03. > :06:07.to lots of places to find information. Sorry to interrupt
:06:07. > :06:12.your programme but it is time to return to the 1970s to find out
:06:12. > :06:17.what life was like for your mum when she was growing up. So I
:06:17. > :06:22.packed away all of the girls' gadgets, hair straightness,
:06:22. > :06:25.computers and mobile phones but I let them keep their hamsters. This
:06:25. > :06:35.is a totally unscientific experiment but it will give the
:06:35. > :06:38.
:06:38. > :06:44.girls an idea what it was like That was only four minutes. Are you
:06:44. > :06:54.bored? Yes! It was depressing knowing that I could not do the
:06:54. > :06:55.
:06:55. > :07:05.things I wanted to do. Thank you for having me. See you later.
:07:05. > :07:08.
:07:08. > :07:11.let him back in! The 1970s stinks! Do you agree? I think the 70s were
:07:11. > :07:14.great. So, John, it started in 1972. There
:07:15. > :07:21.have been something like 33 presenters since you were on air.
:07:21. > :07:24.What do you think are the big differences between then and now? I
:07:24. > :07:29.think it is technically. The mission was always to explain
:07:29. > :07:35.things in a simple way. When I started we were using film and not
:07:35. > :07:38.videotape because that had not been invented. We had cardboard graphics.
:07:38. > :07:45.If you wanted to put a name on a city to reveal it, somebody pulled
:07:45. > :07:54.away a piece of cardboard. It was all a bit dodgy!
:07:54. > :07:57.If I can ask you very quickly, what was your memorable moment? I did
:07:57. > :08:01.about 15,000 stories on the programme in my time. Probably the
:08:01. > :08:05.most memorable was when Newsround became the first television
:08:05. > :08:11.programme in the world to be allowed by the Chinese government
:08:11. > :08:14.to film the pandas breeding. Sorry to cut you off. Your most colourful
:08:14. > :08:24.jumpers were one of the most important things. We have put
:08:24. > :08:39.
:08:39. > :08:43.together a quick look at some of John, thank you so much for coming
:08:43. > :08:46.in. Would you kindly take it away from here to the end of the
:08:46. > :08:49.programme. Thanks, before we go, remember there is lots of other