0:19:50 > 0:19:57.
0:20:05 > 0:20:08# If you've got a question And you don't know where to go
0:20:08 > 0:20:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:20:11 > 0:20:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:20:15 > 0:20:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:20:17 > 0:20:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:20:19 > 0:20:21- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:20:21 > 0:20:23- # Eyes.- Eyes!- Ears.- Ears! - Nose.- Nose!
0:20:23 > 0:20:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:20:26 > 0:20:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:20:29 > 0:20:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:20:32 > 0:20:36# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle, she hears so much
0:20:36 > 0:20:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:20:38 > 0:20:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:20:41 > 0:20:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:20:43 > 0:20:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:20:44 > 0:20:48- # Eyes.- Eyes!- Ears.- Ears! - Nose.- Nose!
0:20:48 > 0:20:50# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know
0:20:50 > 0:20:53# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know
0:20:53 > 0:20:54# Oh, yeah! #
0:20:57 > 0:21:01"Eye-eye", Captain! Oh, hello there! He-he.
0:21:01 > 0:21:04"Eye" had no idea you were watching me.
0:21:04 > 0:21:07I'll be with you in the blink of an eye.
0:21:09 > 0:21:10BEEP!
0:21:10 > 0:21:13I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:21:16 > 0:21:19- ALL: Hi, Nina!- Hi, guys!
0:21:19 > 0:21:25- We've got a question. - How do our eyes help us see?
0:21:25 > 0:21:30That's a great question! How do our eyes help us see?
0:21:30 > 0:21:33Eyes are an amazing part of our brilliant bodies,
0:21:33 > 0:21:37and "eye" have often wondered that myself. Ha-ha!
0:21:37 > 0:21:41Why don't you come to the lab, and we'll investigate?
0:21:41 > 0:21:45ALL: See you soon, Nina! Bye!
0:21:45 > 0:21:49I'll need some help to answer this and I know who to ask.
0:21:49 > 0:21:52OK, Neurons, time to get to work!
0:22:09 > 0:22:11ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina!
0:22:12 > 0:22:16OK, today's question is, "How do our eyes help us see?"
0:22:16 > 0:22:20Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
0:22:20 > 0:22:22ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:22:22 > 0:22:25Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:22:25 > 0:22:29I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
0:22:29 > 0:22:33- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear.
0:22:33 > 0:22:36If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:22:36 > 0:22:40- Will it be lovely Luke? - For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:22:40 > 0:22:43I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:22:43 > 0:22:46- Will it be awesome Ollie? - If it's pongy or whiffy
0:22:46 > 0:22:49but you can't tell, I help your sense of smell.
0:22:49 > 0:22:53- Or will it be baby Bud? - Sour, salty, bitter or sweet,
0:22:53 > 0:22:56I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:22:56 > 0:22:59COMPUTER BEEPS
0:23:00 > 0:23:02It's Luke! CHEERING
0:23:02 > 0:23:08ALL: Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:23:09 > 0:23:13Cool, Nina! I'll be looking out to help you!
0:23:13 > 0:23:17Today's question is, "How do our eyes help us see?"
0:23:17 > 0:23:20Looking and seeing are definitely a job for Luke.
0:23:20 > 0:23:23He'll be helping to answer this.
0:23:23 > 0:23:27I better get the lab ready before the Experimenters arrive.
0:23:29 > 0:23:33Zara likes fairy-tales, Thomas likes classic cars.
0:23:33 > 0:23:35Megan loves ice-skating.
0:23:35 > 0:23:39But they all want to know how eyes help us see.
0:23:39 > 0:23:43Today, Zara, Thomas and Megan become the Experimenters!
0:23:46 > 0:23:48- Hi guys!- ALL: Hi, Nina!
0:23:48 > 0:23:51Welcome to my science lab! Your question is,
0:23:51 > 0:23:54"How do our eyes help us see?"
0:23:54 > 0:23:56Why do you want to know?
0:23:56 > 0:24:00We know we look at things with our eyes...
0:24:00 > 0:24:04But we want to know how our eyes help us to see.
0:24:04 > 0:24:08Our eyes are incredible. This will be fun to investigate.
0:24:08 > 0:24:11Let's start by using our senses.
0:24:11 > 0:24:12ALL: Whoop! Woo!
0:24:12 > 0:24:15A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!
0:24:15 > 0:24:20- This is a model of an eye. What shape is it?- Round.
0:24:20 > 0:24:23Yes, our eyes are actually round, like a ball.
0:24:23 > 0:24:25That's why we call them our eyeballs.
0:24:25 > 0:24:27We can't see this normally,
0:24:27 > 0:24:31because most of our eye is hidden inside our head.
0:24:31 > 0:24:35Our eyes are the same shape and size as this ping-pong ball.
0:24:35 > 0:24:39And what are balls good at doing?
0:24:39 > 0:24:41- Rolling!- Exactly.
0:24:41 > 0:24:45Let's all try rolling our eyes around in our heads.
0:24:45 > 0:24:49Wooh...Wooh... He-he-he!
0:24:49 > 0:24:53ALL: Ooh, woah! Ah! Wooh! Ah!
0:24:53 > 0:24:56Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha!
0:24:56 > 0:25:00Rolling movements help us see in different directions.
0:25:00 > 0:25:01We can look up here,
0:25:01 > 0:25:02down here,
0:25:02 > 0:25:04and over here,
0:25:04 > 0:25:06all without moving our heads.
0:25:06 > 0:25:08If our eyeballs couldn't roll,
0:25:08 > 0:25:13we'd have to use our necks to move our heads
0:25:13 > 0:25:15to look in a different direction.
0:25:15 > 0:25:20Our eyes give our necks a rest by rolling around,
0:25:20 > 0:25:22and in another way, too.
0:25:22 > 0:25:26Can you put your arms straight out in front of you?
0:25:26 > 0:25:27Keep our heads still.
0:25:27 > 0:25:33Looking straight forward, let's move our hands out to the side, slowly.
0:25:33 > 0:25:38Now, stop and tell me when you can't see your hands.
0:25:38 > 0:25:41I can't see my hands now, Nina.
0:25:41 > 0:25:45OK. Wiggle your fingers, and move your arms a tiny bit forward
0:25:45 > 0:25:48until you can just see them again.
0:25:48 > 0:25:51- Can you see your hands again?- Yes.
0:25:51 > 0:25:54Our eyes help us see all the way around to here,
0:25:54 > 0:25:56without moving our heads.
0:25:56 > 0:25:59That's amazing! We can see SO much!
0:25:59 > 0:26:04We only have to turn our heads to see things that are behind us.
0:26:04 > 0:26:06- BOO! - Oh-ho-ho! Good one, Bud!
0:26:06 > 0:26:10Having two eyes helps us to see from here to here.
0:26:10 > 0:26:14And there's loads more to discover about our amazing eyes.
0:26:14 > 0:26:16For our next experiment,
0:26:16 > 0:26:21we'll see something that's good at opening and closing.
0:26:21 > 0:26:23- Let's go, Experimenters!- ALL: Yay!
0:26:27 > 0:26:30Hmmm. Where do you think we're going today?
0:26:30 > 0:26:33Nina said something about opening and closing.
0:26:33 > 0:26:36Curtains are good at opening and closing
0:26:36 > 0:26:41So are doors. And, a-ha! I see a door, right there.
0:26:41 > 0:26:45Well, we're here. I get the feeling we're in for a surprise!
0:26:45 > 0:26:49I've brought you to this theatre,
0:26:49 > 0:26:54it's the "eye-deal" place to learn about eyes! Let's go, Experimenters!
0:26:58 > 0:27:01Hey, Nina. What's happening?
0:27:01 > 0:27:04Oh! We've come to see something very special,
0:27:04 > 0:27:07but I can hardly see anything at all.
0:27:07 > 0:27:10It's too dark, Nina. We need to put the lights on.
0:27:10 > 0:27:13Oh, that's better.
0:27:13 > 0:27:15Thanks, Rory!
0:27:16 > 0:27:21It's difficult to see in the dark, because our eyes need light to see.
0:27:21 > 0:27:24The light around us goes into our eyes through
0:27:24 > 0:27:27the little black circle in the middle.
0:27:27 > 0:27:28We call this our pupil.
0:27:28 > 0:27:33Pupil - isn't that the name for a child in school, Nina?
0:27:33 > 0:27:34Yes, Belle.
0:27:34 > 0:27:39But the black circle in our eye is a different type of pupil.
0:27:39 > 0:27:43The coloured circle around the pupil is called the iris,
0:27:43 > 0:27:45and it has a really important job to do.
0:27:45 > 0:27:49It controls the amount of light that gets into the eye.
0:27:49 > 0:27:52The iris works in the same way as the special lights
0:27:52 > 0:27:54we've come to see here today.
0:27:54 > 0:27:57This is part of a special light,
0:27:57 > 0:28:00like the one that's shining down on the stage.
0:28:00 > 0:28:02What can you see happening?
0:28:06 > 0:28:10The circle in the middle is getting bigger and then smaller.
0:28:10 > 0:28:13That's right! And this is just like our iris.
0:28:13 > 0:28:17When there's not much light, the iris opens up,
0:28:17 > 0:28:21making the pupil bigger, so it can let in as much light as possible.
0:28:21 > 0:28:24When we're somewhere bright, the iris doesn't need
0:28:24 > 0:28:28to let in as much light, so the iris makes the pupil smaller.
0:28:28 > 0:28:32Can you close the iris on the light for me, please, Rory?
0:28:35 > 0:28:40You see? As the iris closes, less light shines through.
0:28:40 > 0:28:42Can you open the iris again, please?
0:28:44 > 0:28:47When the iris opens, more light shines through.
0:28:47 > 0:28:50Let's try another experiment.
0:28:50 > 0:28:55Thomas, can you face the front and close your eyes for me, please?
0:28:55 > 0:28:58Right, Zara, Megan, I want you to watch carefully
0:28:58 > 0:29:01when Thomas opens his eyes and tell me what you can see.
0:29:01 > 0:29:05OK, Thomas. One, two, three...open!
0:29:05 > 0:29:07What can you see happening?
0:29:07 > 0:29:10The black circle got smaller.
0:29:10 > 0:29:11Yes, Zara!
0:29:11 > 0:29:14When Thomas opened his eye, the pupil was quite big,
0:29:14 > 0:29:17and lots of light rushed in.
0:29:17 > 0:29:20The iris needed to stop so much light getting in,
0:29:20 > 0:29:21so it closed quickly.
0:29:21 > 0:29:25But remember, too much light is not good for the eye.
0:29:25 > 0:29:28That's why you should never look directly at the sun
0:29:28 > 0:29:29or bright lights.
0:29:29 > 0:29:33To see well, our eyes need just the right amount of light.
0:29:33 > 0:29:35Not too much and not too little.
0:29:35 > 0:29:38But how else do our eyes help us see?
0:29:38 > 0:29:41Time to go back to the lab for a final experiment.
0:29:41 > 0:29:42ALL: Yeah!
0:29:43 > 0:29:47OK. Another amazing thing about our eyes is that
0:29:47 > 0:29:50they let us see how near or far away something is.
0:29:50 > 0:29:54For example, I can see that you guys are quite near to me,
0:29:54 > 0:29:59but Mr Skeleton is further away at the other side of the lab,
0:29:59 > 0:30:02and this is really useful in helping us to do things
0:30:02 > 0:30:06like picking something up, or catching something.
0:30:06 > 0:30:10In fact, I've got a great ball game which will help to explain.
0:30:10 > 0:30:12Go over there for me.
0:30:12 > 0:30:15Yes! I love games!
0:30:17 > 0:30:19Let's go!
0:30:19 > 0:30:21Yay!
0:30:26 > 0:30:30Yes, very good! So, you're able to catch the balls quite easily.
0:30:30 > 0:30:33So, let's play catch again, but this time,
0:30:33 > 0:30:36you're only going to use one eye.
0:30:36 > 0:30:39So, close one eye for me and keep it closed.
0:30:42 > 0:30:44- Wow!- Good catch.- Yes!
0:30:44 > 0:30:47- Well done.- Oops! Oh, you've dropped one.
0:30:47 > 0:30:51Ohhh! How did you find the catching that time?
0:30:51 > 0:30:53It was more difficult.
0:30:53 > 0:30:57Why do you think it was harder to catch with one eye closed?
0:30:57 > 0:31:00Because we couldn't see as well.
0:31:00 > 0:31:03That's right! Having two eyes helps us to see
0:31:03 > 0:31:05how near or far things are from us.
0:31:05 > 0:31:09By closing one eye, you only got half the information
0:31:09 > 0:31:13you needed to work out how far away the balls were, so you missed some.
0:31:13 > 0:31:17Of course, not everyone has two eyes that work well.
0:31:17 > 0:31:20If someone can't see with one of their eyes,
0:31:20 > 0:31:24they get used to seeing this way, and get much better at working out
0:31:24 > 0:31:26how near or far things are with one eye.
0:31:26 > 0:31:29# Nina and the Neurons. #
0:31:31 > 0:31:34Your question was "How do our eyes help us see?"
0:31:34 > 0:31:37And I think we've answered it.
0:31:37 > 0:31:39Because our eyes are round balls,
0:31:39 > 0:31:43we can roll them around and look in different directions.
0:31:43 > 0:31:46Our eyes also let us see all the way from here to here
0:31:46 > 0:31:48without moving our heads.
0:31:48 > 0:31:51We discovered that eyes need light for us to see,
0:31:51 > 0:31:55and light enters through the black circle called the pupil.
0:31:55 > 0:31:58The coloured part of the eye is the iris,
0:31:58 > 0:32:02and its job is to make the pupil get bigger to let more light in
0:32:02 > 0:32:07when it's dark and to get smaller to let less light in when it's bright.
0:32:07 > 0:32:11And finally, we discovered that having two eyes helps us
0:32:11 > 0:32:14to work out how near or far things are away from us.
0:32:14 > 0:32:19- So I hope that's answered your question!- ALL: Thanks, Nina. Bye!
0:32:19 > 0:32:21You're welcome. Bye!
0:32:24 > 0:32:28To find out more about the science all around us,
0:32:28 > 0:32:32go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:32:32 > 0:32:34- # Hearts beating - Lungs breathing
0:32:34 > 0:32:36# Fingers feeling
0:32:36 > 0:32:37# Mouths eating
0:32:37 > 0:32:39# And don't forget your brain!
0:32:39 > 0:32:41# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
0:32:41 > 0:32:44# Inside and out
0:32:44 > 0:32:47# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
0:32:47 > 0:32:49# Come on, let's find out about
0:32:49 > 0:32:52# Our happy hands and bendy knees
0:32:52 > 0:32:55# Stretchy backs and noses that sneeze
0:32:55 > 0:32:57# We all have brilliant bodies
0:32:57 > 0:32:59# Brilliant bodies!
0:32:59 > 0:33:02# Every part has a job to do
0:33:02 > 0:33:05# Even scabs and earwax too!
0:33:05 > 0:33:07# We all have brilliant bodies
0:33:07 > 0:33:09# Brilliant bodies!
0:33:09 > 0:33:12# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
0:33:12 > 0:33:14# Lashes to protect our eyes
0:33:14 > 0:33:17# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
0:33:17 > 0:33:21# And don't forget to exercise. #
0:33:21 > 0:33:23It's been a marvellous day.
0:33:23 > 0:33:26All that eye-rolling was fabulous fun,
0:33:26 > 0:33:28though I did feel a little giddy.
0:33:28 > 0:33:32I really enjoyed myself today. All that finger-wiggling
0:33:32 > 0:33:35to see how far round the Experimenters could see.
0:33:35 > 0:33:37Oh, I've had a brilliant day!
0:33:37 > 0:33:40Finding out what a pupil is.
0:33:40 > 0:33:43Ah, it's been such a great day, man.
0:33:43 > 0:33:45Seeing how the colourful iris
0:33:45 > 0:33:49lets just the right amount of light into our eyes.
0:33:49 > 0:33:51Remember, everyone's body is different,
0:33:51 > 0:33:55but they're all brilliant. See you again soon! Bye.
0:33:55 > 0:33:56ALL: Bye!