0:59:50 > 0:59:57.
1:00:05 > 1:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
1:00:08 > 1:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
1:00:11 > 1:00:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
1:00:15 > 1:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
1:00:17 > 1:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
1:00:19 > 1:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
1:00:20 > 1:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
1:00:23 > 1:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:26 > 1:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:29 > 1:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes And Felix with our touch
1:00:32 > 1:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
1:00:36 > 1:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
1:00:38 > 1:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
1:00:41 > 1:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
1:00:43 > 1:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
1:00:44 > 1:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
1:00:47 > 1:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:50 > 1:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:53 > 1:00:55# Oh yeah! #
1:00:56 > 1:01:00Oh, hello. I'm just tidying up after an experiment.
1:01:00 > 1:01:02I'll have to stretch up to put this back.
1:01:02 > 1:01:04Oh, there we are.
1:01:04 > 1:01:06COMPUTER BLEEPS
1:01:06 > 1:01:11I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask?
1:01:11 > 1:01:14ALL: Hi, Nina.
1:01:14 > 1:01:15Hi, guys.
1:01:15 > 1:01:18We've got a question for you.
1:01:18 > 1:01:22Why are our backs so bumpy?
1:01:22 > 1:01:26Oh, that's a great question. Why are our backs so bumpy?
1:01:26 > 1:01:31I haven't thought about it. You're right, they're really bumpy.
1:01:31 > 1:01:35Come down to the lab and we'll do some experiments to investigate.
1:01:35 > 1:01:37ALL: See you soon, Nina.
1:01:37 > 1:01:40Bye!
1:01:40 > 1:01:43I'll need help to answer this and I know just who to ask.
1:01:43 > 1:01:48OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
1:02:03 > 1:02:06ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
1:02:06 > 1:02:10OK. Today's question is, why are our backs so bumpy?
1:02:10 > 1:02:13Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
1:02:13 > 1:02:16ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
1:02:16 > 1:02:18Will it be fabulous Felix?
1:02:18 > 1:02:23I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
1:02:23 > 1:02:25Beautiful Belle?
1:02:25 > 1:02:29I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
1:02:29 > 1:02:33- Lovely Luke? - For looking and seeing, day or night,
1:02:33 > 1:02:36I'll help you with your sense of sight.
1:02:36 > 1:02:40- Will it be awesome Ollie?- If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
1:02:40 > 1:02:43my messages help your sense of smell.
1:02:43 > 1:02:44Or will it be baby Bud?
1:02:44 > 1:02:49Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
1:02:53 > 1:02:54It's Felix!
1:02:54 > 1:02:56CHEERING
1:02:56 > 1:02:58ALL: Go Felix! Go Felix!
1:02:58 > 1:03:01Go Felix! Go Felix! Go Felix! Go Felix!
1:03:01 > 1:03:03Go Felix!
1:03:03 > 1:03:07Marvellous! A little touch can mean so much, Nina.
1:03:07 > 1:03:10Today's question is, why are our back so bumpy.
1:03:10 > 1:03:13Because we use touch to feel the bumps,
1:03:13 > 1:03:16Felix, our touch neuron, will be helping us today.
1:03:16 > 1:03:20Right, I need to get the lab ready for the experimenters.
1:03:22 > 1:03:27Kai likes balancing, Cara likes hopping, and Rianna loves tennis.
1:03:27 > 1:03:30But they all want to know how our backs are so bumpy.
1:03:30 > 1:03:33So today, for one day only, Kai, Cara and Rianna
1:03:33 > 1:03:35become the experimenters!
1:03:38 > 1:03:40- Hi, guys. - ALL: Hi, Nina.
1:03:40 > 1:03:43Oh, welcome to my science lab. Come in.
1:03:43 > 1:03:47Now, your question is, why are our backs so bumpy?,
1:03:47 > 1:03:49which is a great question.
1:03:49 > 1:03:52But why do you want to know?
1:03:52 > 1:03:53When we went swimming,
1:03:53 > 1:03:57I noticed that my friend's back was all bumpy.
1:03:57 > 1:04:01And we want to know why.
1:04:01 > 1:04:04We're going to have fun exploring this question.
1:04:04 > 1:04:07For our first experiment, we're using our senses.
1:04:07 > 1:04:12ALL: Whoop-woo! A sense experiment! We're ready, Nina.
1:04:12 > 1:04:16I'd like you to touch the bumps on each other's backs
1:04:16 > 1:04:18and tell me how they feel.
1:04:20 > 1:04:23Kai's feels lumpy.
1:04:23 > 1:04:25Lumpy?
1:04:25 > 1:04:28- Feels like a tortoise shell. - Well, you're right.
1:04:28 > 1:04:32It does feel quite hard and knobbly, doesn't it?
1:04:32 > 1:04:34The bumps you felt in each other's backs
1:04:34 > 1:04:37are part of your backbone,
1:04:37 > 1:04:40which is also called your spine.
1:04:40 > 1:04:45Now, let's have a look at Mr Skeleton's spine. So where is it?
1:04:45 > 1:04:47The middle.
1:04:47 > 1:04:51That's right. Our spine is in the middle of our skeleton.
1:04:51 > 1:04:55It goes all the way from the top of our neck,
1:04:55 > 1:04:57all the way down to our bottom.
1:04:57 > 1:05:02Now, I'd like you guys to have a feel of Mr Skeleton's spine
1:05:02 > 1:05:04and tell me what it feels like.
1:05:04 > 1:05:06Lumpy.
1:05:07 > 1:05:10- Bumpy and lumpy.- Yes!
1:05:10 > 1:05:12The spine is lots of little bones,
1:05:12 > 1:05:15a bit like these cotton reels.
1:05:15 > 1:05:19We're going to use these to make a pretend spine.
1:05:19 > 1:05:21So we're going to thread them
1:05:21 > 1:05:24onto this piece of cord like this.
1:05:24 > 1:05:27Whoop!
1:05:27 > 1:05:29OK, let's do it.
1:05:40 > 1:05:43Oh, nice work, guys.
1:05:43 > 1:05:47We've made our very own bumpy spine. Ha-ha!
1:05:47 > 1:05:50Now our real spine is actually a lot like this.
1:05:50 > 1:05:53There's a cord running right down the middle of it
1:05:53 > 1:05:57and it's called our spinal cord. It runs right down the middle
1:05:57 > 1:06:01of our spine, through little holes
1:06:01 > 1:06:03that you can see here.
1:06:03 > 1:06:06Our spinal cord is like a telephone line
1:06:06 > 1:06:10our brain uses to talk to the rest of our body.
1:06:10 > 1:06:13Hello, is that the body? Yes, it's the brain calling.
1:06:13 > 1:06:15I need you to do something.
1:06:15 > 1:06:18The brain is the thing inside our head
1:06:18 > 1:06:22that tells the rest of our body what to do.
1:06:22 > 1:06:26If we want to jump in the air, our brain sends a message
1:06:26 > 1:06:30down our spinal cord to our legs and feet
1:06:30 > 1:06:31to tell them to jump.
1:06:31 > 1:06:36It sounds like the spinal cord is really important, Nina.
1:06:36 > 1:06:39It is, Belle. The little hard bones in the spine
1:06:39 > 1:06:44do a good job of protecting the spinal cord inside.
1:06:44 > 1:06:47But why is there lots of little bones, Nina?
1:06:47 > 1:06:51Good question, Rianna. Yeah, the bumpy spine
1:06:51 > 1:06:54looks very different to the long, straight bone
1:06:54 > 1:06:58in Mr Skeleton's arms and legs, doesn't it? So I think we need to go
1:06:58 > 1:07:00to an exciting place with lots of action.
1:07:00 > 1:07:04- Let's go, experimenters! - ALL: Yeah!
1:07:07 > 1:07:10I wonder where Nina is taking us.
1:07:10 > 1:07:13Nina said it's somewhere exciting with lots of action.
1:07:13 > 1:07:17It might be a bowling alley!
1:07:17 > 1:07:22Or maybe it's a fairground with lots of brilliant rides whizzing around.
1:07:22 > 1:07:24Look, guys! We're here!
1:07:24 > 1:07:26OK, experimenters.
1:07:26 > 1:07:30We've discovered that our spine is made of lots of bones.
1:07:30 > 1:07:34Abby here is going to help us work out why.
1:07:34 > 1:07:37OK, everyone. Let's try a side bend.
1:07:46 > 1:07:50Ah, yes. All this bending feels marvellous.
1:08:00 > 1:08:03- Ah! Thanks, Abby. - You're welcome, Nina.
1:08:06 > 1:08:10Ah, that was brilliant fun! All that bending and twisting!
1:08:10 > 1:08:14And what part of our bodies were we bending a lot?
1:08:14 > 1:08:16- Our backs.- That's right.
1:08:16 > 1:08:20And in what directions did our backs bend?
1:08:20 > 1:08:24Forwards and backwards and side to side.
1:08:24 > 1:08:27Yeah, we can bend our backs forwards, backwards,
1:08:27 > 1:08:31from side to side and all around in a circle.
1:08:31 > 1:08:33And we can only do this
1:08:33 > 1:08:37because our spine is made of all these little bumpy bones.
1:08:37 > 1:08:38They allow our bodies
1:08:38 > 1:08:42to twist and bend and turn, like this.
1:08:43 > 1:08:46Wow, look at how it bends.
1:08:46 > 1:08:50You can see all the bumps that stick out our back when we bend.
1:08:50 > 1:08:52You try.
1:08:54 > 1:08:56- It's really bendy. - That's a good thing.
1:08:56 > 1:09:00If our spine was just one big long hard bone,
1:09:00 > 1:09:05like this pretend one, then it wouldn't be able to bend.
1:09:05 > 1:09:06Hrrgh!
1:09:06 > 1:09:10And we wouldn't be able to do lots of things,
1:09:10 > 1:09:13like reaching over and picking something up
1:09:13 > 1:09:16or bending over to tie our shoelaces.
1:09:16 > 1:09:21There's another thing our spines do in our brilliant bodies.
1:09:21 > 1:09:23Let's go back to my lab for an experiment.
1:09:26 > 1:09:30OK, first of all, I would like you to simply jump on the spot.
1:09:30 > 1:09:32Let's go for it!
1:09:34 > 1:09:36THEY GIGGLE
1:09:38 > 1:09:41Oh, that was fun.
1:09:41 > 1:09:44OK, tell me how the floor felt underneath your feet
1:09:44 > 1:09:46when you were jumping.
1:09:46 > 1:09:48Hard and a wee bit sore.
1:09:48 > 1:09:50OK, the same thing again,
1:09:50 > 1:09:55but this time we're jumping on these big cushions. Let's go!
1:09:59 > 1:10:04- OK, now how did your feet feel that time?- Really bouncy.
1:10:04 > 1:10:07Yes, much comfier on the feet and legs.
1:10:07 > 1:10:11This is another reason why our spines are brilliant.
1:10:11 > 1:10:14In between the bony bumps on our spine,
1:10:14 > 1:10:18we have something called discs which act as little cushions.
1:10:18 > 1:10:21And this experiment
1:10:21 > 1:10:23is going to explain why.
1:10:23 > 1:10:27OK, now you each have an egg joined to a little pole.
1:10:27 > 1:10:30What will happen if you bang the bottom of the pole
1:10:30 > 1:10:33against the hard brick?
1:10:33 > 1:10:35- It'll smash.- Well, let's see.
1:10:35 > 1:10:38OK, when I count to three,
1:10:38 > 1:10:43you're going to hit the bottom of the pole off this hard brick, OK?
1:10:43 > 1:10:45One, two, three, go!
1:10:48 > 1:10:51Oh! Ho-ho-ho!
1:10:51 > 1:10:54Hee-hee-hee! Oh, dear! OK, Kai.
1:10:54 > 1:10:57Let's see if it happens again. Go!
1:10:57 > 1:11:00Oh! Ha-ha-ha!
1:11:00 > 1:11:03Oh, no! The eggs are both smashed!
1:11:03 > 1:11:07We only broke the eggs for our experiment, Bud.
1:11:07 > 1:11:09It's not good to waste food normally.
1:11:09 > 1:11:12OK, now Cara.
1:11:12 > 1:11:15What will happen if we do the same thing again,
1:11:15 > 1:11:18but this time with a little cushion under the egg?
1:11:18 > 1:11:20Don't know.
1:11:20 > 1:11:23OK. Well, let's give it a go.
1:11:23 > 1:11:25Oh!
1:11:25 > 1:11:29It didn't break! Why do you think it didn't break?
1:11:29 > 1:11:31There was a soft cushion underneath.
1:11:31 > 1:11:34Eggs-actly! Ha-ha!
1:11:34 > 1:11:37The soft, squishy cushion protected the egg
1:11:37 > 1:11:40and stopped it breaking.
1:11:40 > 1:11:43And the disks in our spine do the same thing.
1:11:43 > 1:11:45They act like little cushions
1:11:45 > 1:11:48in between all the hard little backbones
1:11:48 > 1:11:51so that when we walk, run or jump in the air,
1:11:51 > 1:11:56the little bones don't bash together and our head stays nice and safe.
1:12:01 > 1:12:05Your question was, why are our backs so bumpy? I think we've answered it.
1:12:05 > 1:12:08Our brilliant backbone, our spine,
1:12:08 > 1:12:13is bumpy because it's made up of lots of little bones.
1:12:13 > 1:12:17This allows us to bend, stretch and move in lots of different ways.
1:12:17 > 1:12:20These little hard bones also protect
1:12:20 > 1:12:22the soft spinal cord
1:12:22 > 1:12:25which our brain uses to talk to our body.
1:12:25 > 1:12:29The soft discs between the bones in our spine
1:12:29 > 1:12:33cushion our body and head when we walk, run or jump up and down.
1:12:33 > 1:12:36So I hope that's answered your question.
1:12:36 > 1:12:38ALL: Thanks, Nina. Bye!
1:12:38 > 1:12:41Bye!
1:12:43 > 1:12:46If you want to find out more about the science all around us,
1:12:46 > 1:12:51go to the Nina page on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
1:12:51 > 1:12:56- Hearts beating.- Lungs breathing. - Fingers feeling.- Mouths eating.
1:12:56 > 1:12:58And don't forget your brain.
1:12:58 > 1:13:00# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:00 > 1:13:03# Inside and ou-ou-out
1:13:03 > 1:13:06# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:06 > 1:13:08# Come on, let's find out about
1:13:08 > 1:13:11# Our happy hands and bendy knees
1:13:11 > 1:13:14# Stretchy backs And noses that sneeze
1:13:14 > 1:13:16# We all have brilliant bodies... #
1:13:16 > 1:13:18Brilliant bodies!
1:13:18 > 1:13:21# Every part has a job to do
1:13:21 > 1:13:23# Even scabs and ear wax too
1:13:23 > 1:13:26# We all have brilliant bodies... #
1:13:26 > 1:13:28Brilliant bodies
1:13:28 > 1:13:31# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:31 > 1:13:33# Lashes to protect our eyes
1:13:33 > 1:13:36# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:36 > 1:13:40# And don't forget to exercise. #
1:13:40 > 1:13:44It's been marvellous day, especially feeling Mr Skeleton's
1:13:44 > 1:13:46hard, bumpy spine.
1:13:46 > 1:13:48Oh, I've had a brilliant day.
1:13:48 > 1:13:51The exercise class with the bending
1:13:51 > 1:13:53and stretching was great fun!
1:13:53 > 1:13:56Ah, it's been such a great day, man.
1:13:56 > 1:14:01The experiment with the eggs was really smashing. Hee-hee!
1:14:01 > 1:14:04Remember, everyone's body is different,
1:14:04 > 1:14:07but they're all brilliant. See you again soon. Bye!
1:14:07 > 1:14:09ALL: Bye!
1:14:09 > 1:14:11E-mail: subtitling@bbc.co.uk.