0:59:50 > 0:59:57.
1:00:05 > 1:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
1:00:08 > 1:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
1:00:11 > 1:00:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
1:00:15 > 1:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and bangs
1:00:17 > 1:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
1:00:19 > 1:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
1:00:20 > 1:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
1:00:23 > 1:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:26 > 1:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:29 > 1:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
1:00:32 > 1:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle, she hears so much
1:00:36 > 1:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
1:00:38 > 1:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
1:00:41 > 1:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
1:00:43 > 1:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
1:00:44 > 1:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
1:00:47 > 1:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:51 > 1:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
1:00:53 > 1:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
1:00:55 > 1:00:59Oh, hello there. I'm just moving Mr Skeleton.
1:00:59 > 1:01:04Did you know that the human body has more than 200 bones in it?
1:01:04 > 1:01:07That's a lot of bones to look after. Gently does it.
1:01:07 > 1:01:10- There. - BEEPING
1:01:10 > 1:01:13I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
1:01:15 > 1:01:19- BOTH: Hi, Nina. - Hello!
1:01:19 > 1:01:22We've got a question for you.
1:01:22 > 1:01:25How do broken bones get better?
1:01:25 > 1:01:29That's a great question, "How do broken bones get better?"
1:01:29 > 1:01:32I'd love to know the answer to that. So would Mr Skeleton.
1:01:32 > 1:01:36Why don't you come down to my lab? We'll experiment and investigate.
1:01:36 > 1:01:40- BOTH: See you soon, Nina. Bye. - Bye.
1:01:40 > 1:01:43I'm going to need some help to answer this one,
1:01:43 > 1:01:45and I know just who to ask.
1:01:45 > 1:01:47OK, neurons. Time to get to work.
1:02:04 > 1:02:07ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
1:02:07 > 1:02:11OK, today's question is, "How do broken bones get better?"
1:02:11 > 1:02:14Which neuron would be most useful in helping us find the answer?
1:02:14 > 1:02:17ALL: Me! Me! Me!
1:02:17 > 1:02:19Will it be fabulous Felix?
1:02:19 > 1:02:24I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
1:02:24 > 1:02:26Will it be beautiful Belle?
1:02:26 > 1:02:30I send messages to brain from ear, if there's sound, I help you hear.
1:02:30 > 1:02:32Will it be lovely Luke?
1:02:32 > 1:02:34For looking and seeing, day or night,
1:02:34 > 1:02:36I'll help you with your sense of sight.
1:02:36 > 1:02:41- Will it be awesome Ollie? - If it's whiffy but you can't tell,
1:02:41 > 1:02:43my messages help your sense of smell.
1:02:43 > 1:02:45Or will it be baby Bud?
1:02:45 > 1:02:48Sour, salty, bitter or sweet,
1:02:48 > 1:02:50I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
1:02:53 > 1:02:55- Oh!- It's Felix!
1:02:55 > 1:02:57CHEERING
1:02:57 > 1:03:02ALL: Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix!
1:03:02 > 1:03:05Go, Felix! Go, Felix!
1:03:05 > 1:03:09Marvellous. A little touch can mean so much, Nina.
1:03:09 > 1:03:13Today's question is, "How do broken bones get better?"
1:03:13 > 1:03:15Because we can feel if a bone is broken,
1:03:15 > 1:03:18Felix, our touch neuron will help me today.
1:03:18 > 1:03:21I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
1:03:24 > 1:03:27Jack likes pirates and Cei likes planting seeds,
1:03:27 > 1:03:31but they both want to know how broken bones get better.
1:03:31 > 1:03:36So today, for one day only, Jack and Cei become the experimenters!
1:03:38 > 1:03:41- Hi, guys. - BOTH: Hi, Nina.
1:03:41 > 1:03:45Welcome to my science lab. It's lovely to see you.
1:03:45 > 1:03:49Your question was, "How do broken bones get better?" Great question.
1:03:49 > 1:03:51Why do you want to know?
1:03:51 > 1:03:55My cousin broke his arm but now it's better.
1:03:55 > 1:03:57We want to know how it got better.
1:03:57 > 1:03:59I'm glad your cousin's OK.
1:03:59 > 1:04:03I think we need to investigate to find out more about bones.
1:04:03 > 1:04:06For our first experiment, we're going to use our senses.
1:04:06 > 1:04:11ALL: Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina.
1:04:11 > 1:04:16Each of us has hundreds of bones inside us, just like Mr Skeleton.
1:04:16 > 1:04:20All of these bones inside of us help us to stand up straight
1:04:20 > 1:04:24and get around and move objects.
1:04:24 > 1:04:29The bones in Mr Skeleton's chest look just like a cage.
1:04:29 > 1:04:34Yes, Luke. That's because some bones, like our ribs,
1:04:34 > 1:04:37are there to protect soft parts of our body.
1:04:37 > 1:04:39I have some pretend bones here.
1:04:39 > 1:04:42I'd like you guys to use your sense of sight
1:04:42 > 1:04:45to match them to bones on Mr Skeleton.
1:04:45 > 1:04:48- Can you do that? - BOTH: Yes, Nina.
1:04:52 > 1:04:55- NINA GASPS - Yeah, you're right.
1:04:55 > 1:04:58It's a thigh bone. Very good. OK, Jack,
1:04:58 > 1:05:03do you want to have a try with one of your bones?
1:05:05 > 1:05:10Ho-ho! Well done! That was very quick, excellent.
1:05:10 > 1:05:14That's the hip bone. Very good. Cei, your turn again.
1:05:16 > 1:05:18Oh!
1:05:20 > 1:05:23That's right, it's a kneecap. Well done.
1:05:23 > 1:05:26Oh, the last one. Where do you think it goes?
1:05:26 > 1:05:28Erm...
1:05:30 > 1:05:32I think it's one of...
1:05:32 > 1:05:37That's right! It's our calf bone. Super work, guys.
1:05:37 > 1:05:41Now I would like you to use your sense of touch
1:05:41 > 1:05:45to describe how the bones feel. Pick up a bone.
1:05:45 > 1:05:50- Does it feel hard or bendy? - BOTH: Hard.
1:05:50 > 1:05:53Yeah, the bones feel really hard and strong, don't they?
1:05:53 > 1:05:56- To prove it, listen. - BANG!
1:05:56 > 1:05:58Sounds hard to me, Nina.
1:05:58 > 1:06:01It is, Belle. Bones are very hard and strong,
1:06:01 > 1:06:04because of something called calcium.
1:06:04 > 1:06:07If bones didn't have calcium in them,
1:06:07 > 1:06:11they'd be all bendy... Oh! ..like this toy bone.
1:06:11 > 1:06:15Ha-ha! Do you think it would be a good or bad thing
1:06:15 > 1:06:17to have bendy, rubbery bones?
1:06:17 > 1:06:20- BOTH: A bad thing. - Yeah.
1:06:20 > 1:06:24We need hard, strong bones so we can stand up and move around.
1:06:24 > 1:06:29And we get calcium from eating foods like fruit and vegetables,
1:06:29 > 1:06:33cheese and milk, so it's important to eat plenty of calcium foods.
1:06:33 > 1:06:37- Yes! I love those foods! - Glad to hear it, Bud.
1:06:37 > 1:06:41We still don't know how broken bones get better.
1:06:41 > 1:06:45To find out more, we need to visit a place where people work
1:06:45 > 1:06:48with bones all the time, so let's go!
1:06:51 > 1:06:54I wonder where Nina is taking us.
1:06:54 > 1:06:59Nina said it's a place where people work with bones all the time.
1:06:59 > 1:07:03Better sharpen your senses, neurons. We're here.
1:07:04 > 1:07:08OK, experimenters. I've brought you to this hospital
1:07:08 > 1:07:11to learn about how broken bones get better.
1:07:11 > 1:07:13This is the person to help us - Dr Jones.
1:07:13 > 1:07:16- Hello, Nina, experimenters. - BOTH: Hi.
1:07:16 > 1:07:20- Tell us about bones. - Bones are amazing.
1:07:20 > 1:07:23They're one of the strongest things in nature.
1:07:23 > 1:07:25Sometimes, they still break.
1:07:25 > 1:07:29bones are strong, but they can sometimes break
1:07:29 > 1:07:31if we have an accident like falling off our bike.
1:07:31 > 1:07:34Don't worry, it doesn't happen often.
1:07:34 > 1:07:38When people break a bone, they come to a hospital to get it fixed.
1:07:38 > 1:07:41This picture is called an X-ray,
1:07:41 > 1:07:44which shows us the bones inside our bodies.
1:07:44 > 1:07:49You can see where this bone has broken. We call that a fracture.
1:07:49 > 1:07:52- A what-ture?- A fracture, Bud.
1:07:52 > 1:07:55A break in a bone is called a fracture. OK, experimenters.
1:07:55 > 1:08:00Let's see if we can spot a fracture on a different X-ray.
1:08:02 > 1:08:05- Can you see where it is, guys? - Yes, Nina. There it is.
1:08:05 > 1:08:07That's right. Thanks, Dr Jones.
1:08:07 > 1:08:10You're welcome, Nina. Bye!
1:08:10 > 1:08:12ALL: Bye!
1:08:12 > 1:08:15So we've learned that bones are strong but can break
1:08:15 > 1:08:18if we have an accident or fall over, and when a bone breaks,
1:08:18 > 1:08:20it's called a fracture.
1:08:23 > 1:08:25Do you see what that lady has on her arm?
1:08:25 > 1:08:30- My cousin had one of those. - It's called a cast.
1:08:30 > 1:08:33When someone has a fracture, a doctor often puts a cast
1:08:33 > 1:08:36around the outside of the broken bone to help it get better.
1:08:36 > 1:08:40- Excuse me, do you mind if we touch your cast?- OK, Nina.
1:08:40 > 1:08:43Let's have a wee feel.
1:08:43 > 1:08:47- Feels very hard to me, Nina. - That's right, Felix.
1:08:47 > 1:08:52How does this hard cast help a broken bone to get better?
1:08:52 > 1:08:55I've got an experiment back at the lab that will help us find out.
1:08:55 > 1:08:57- Let's go. - BOTH: Yay!
1:08:59 > 1:09:04OK, in front of you there, we have three pretend bones.
1:09:04 > 1:09:07As you can see, they're all broken into two pieces.
1:09:07 > 1:09:09Now, experimenters, I'd like you to help me
1:09:09 > 1:09:13put these bones back together and see if we can make them match.
1:09:13 > 1:09:15OK, find the match.
1:09:17 > 1:09:22Do they match? No? Oh, do those match? Yay!
1:09:22 > 1:09:25- Excellent! - NINA GIGGLES
1:09:25 > 1:09:26You hold onto that one.
1:09:26 > 1:09:29Hold it carefully in the middle. Let's see what we can do.
1:09:29 > 1:09:32Do you want to hold them up? Do they match?
1:09:32 > 1:09:33- Yeah.- Yay!
1:09:33 > 1:09:36So it must be these ones.
1:09:37 > 1:09:39Hey! Excellent work, guys.
1:09:39 > 1:09:43Now, when a real bone breaks, the two pieces
1:09:43 > 1:09:47need to fit back together perfectly for the bone to heal properly.
1:09:47 > 1:09:50Healing means when something gets all better again.
1:09:50 > 1:09:54But how do bones get better, Nina?
1:09:54 > 1:09:56Well, our bodies make a special substance
1:09:56 > 1:10:00that's a bit like this glue, and it sticks the bones back
1:10:00 > 1:10:03together again when they've been broken.
1:10:03 > 1:10:07In fact, why don't we put some glue on the jagged ends of our bones
1:10:07 > 1:10:09and see if we can stick them together?
1:10:18 > 1:10:21So when broken bones start sticking back together,
1:10:21 > 1:10:25it's calcium that helps make the bone grow hard again.
1:10:25 > 1:10:29That means they can grow nice and strong so they're as good as new.
1:10:29 > 1:10:32OK. How are you getting on, guys?
1:10:32 > 1:10:37I'm going to try and put mine together now. Fantastic.
1:10:37 > 1:10:40But for the pieces to stick together,
1:10:40 > 1:10:43we need the glue to become hard, which is called setting.
1:10:43 > 1:10:48That only happens properly when the pieces stay perfectly still,
1:10:48 > 1:10:51and that's the same with broken bones.
1:10:51 > 1:10:56- Mmm.- That's like the cast we touched at the hospital, Nina.
1:10:56 > 1:10:57Yes it is, Felix.
1:10:57 > 1:11:02A cast holds a broken bone perfectly still while the fracture sets.
1:11:02 > 1:11:07We are going to make our very own cast. OK.
1:11:07 > 1:11:11Take a strip of this wet special material.
1:11:11 > 1:11:15Great. Now we're going to wrap it tightly around our fracture.
1:11:21 > 1:11:26This is going to dry really quickly, setting hard.
1:11:26 > 1:11:27Ah, there!
1:11:27 > 1:11:29- BANG! - Ho-ho-ho!
1:11:29 > 1:11:32Our hard cast is helping our pretend bones
1:11:32 > 1:11:35to stay still while they're sticking back together.
1:11:35 > 1:11:37- BANG! - Ha-ha!
1:11:40 > 1:11:44So your question was, "How do broken bones get better?"
1:11:44 > 1:11:48I think we've answered it. We've found out bones are hard and strong
1:11:48 > 1:11:50because of something called calcium.
1:11:50 > 1:11:54We get calcium from foods like fruit and vegetables and cheese and milk.
1:11:54 > 1:11:57If a bone breaks, it's called a fracture,
1:11:57 > 1:12:01and a doctor uses a special X-ray photograph
1:12:01 > 1:12:02to see the fracture
1:12:02 > 1:12:06and then put a cast around the outside of the broken bone
1:12:06 > 1:12:09so that it keeps the bone straight and still.
1:12:09 > 1:12:13This helps the bone join back together, which is called setting.
1:12:13 > 1:12:17Our bodies make a special substance that's a bit like glue
1:12:17 > 1:12:21that helps the bone stick back together.
1:12:21 > 1:12:24Then calcium makes the bone strong again, as good as new.
1:12:24 > 1:12:26I hope that answered your question.
1:12:26 > 1:12:29BOTH: Thanks, Nina. Bye!
1:12:29 > 1:12:32- Bye! - NINA GIGGLES
1:12:34 > 1:12:38If you want to find out more about the science all around us,
1:12:38 > 1:12:42go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
1:12:42 > 1:12:47- Hearts beating.- Lungs breathing. - Fingers feeling.- Mouths eating.
1:12:47 > 1:12:49And don't forget your brain.
1:12:49 > 1:12:52# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:12:52 > 1:12:54# Inside and out
1:12:54 > 1:12:57# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:12:57 > 1:12:59# Come on, let's find out about
1:12:59 > 1:13:02# Our happy hands and bendy knees
1:13:02 > 1:13:05# Stretchy backs And noses that sneeze
1:13:05 > 1:13:09- # We all have brilliant bodies - Brilliant bodies!
1:13:09 > 1:13:12# Every part has a job to do
1:13:12 > 1:13:15# Even scabs and ear wax too
1:13:15 > 1:13:19- # We all have brilliant bodies - Brilliant bodies
1:13:19 > 1:13:23# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:23 > 1:13:25# Lashes to protect our eyes
1:13:25 > 1:13:28# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies
1:13:28 > 1:13:30# And don't forget to exercise. #
1:13:31 > 1:13:34I've had a brilliant day,
1:13:34 > 1:13:38especially hearing how hard the bone was because of calcium.
1:13:38 > 1:13:42Ah, it's been such a great day, man.
1:13:42 > 1:13:46Seeing the broken bones in the X-ray pictures was amazing.
1:13:46 > 1:13:50It's been a marvellous day. That cast felt really hard.
1:13:50 > 1:13:53The bones should stick back together in no time.
1:13:53 > 1:13:56And remember, everyone's body is different,
1:13:56 > 1:13:59but they're all brilliant. See you again soon. Bye!
1:13:59 > 1:14:01ALL: Bye-bye!