0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes- Eyes! - Ears- Ears!- Nose- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:48- # Eyes- Eyes! - Ears- Ears!- Nose- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:55 > 0:00:58Hm... Oh, hello there.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01I've been trying to solve this puzzle.
0:01:01 > 0:01:02I'm trying to find a path
0:01:02 > 0:01:05from the outside of the maze to the middle,
0:01:05 > 0:01:09but every time I choose one of the paths, I come to a dead end.
0:01:09 > 0:01:13- Thinking's making my brain hurt! - BEEPING
0:01:13 > 0:01:18Oh! I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:23 > 0:01:26- ALL: Hi, Nina! - Hi, guys!
0:01:26 > 0:01:28We've got a question for you.
0:01:28 > 0:01:30Why do we have a brain?
0:01:30 > 0:01:34That's a great question. Why do we have a brain?
0:01:34 > 0:01:37I've been using my brain a lot today.
0:01:37 > 0:01:41Come to my lab and we'll do some experiments to investigate.
0:01:41 > 0:01:45ALL: See you soon, Nina! Bye!
0:01:45 > 0:01:47Bye!
0:01:47 > 0:01:51I'm going to need some help and I know just who to ask.
0:01:51 > 0:01:53OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15Today's question is, why do we have a brain?
0:02:15 > 0:02:20Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
0:02:20 > 0:02:23ALL: Me! Me! Me!
0:02:23 > 0:02:26Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:26 > 0:02:29I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:29 > 0:02:31Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:31 > 0:02:36I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:36 > 0:02:38Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:38 > 0:02:40For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:40 > 0:02:43I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:43 > 0:02:45Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:45 > 0:02:47If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:47 > 0:02:50my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:50 > 0:02:54- Or will it be baby Bud? - Sour, salty, bitter or sweet.
0:02:54 > 0:02:56I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59BEEPING
0:02:59 > 0:03:02- It's all Neurons! - Yippee!- Yes!
0:03:02 > 0:03:04ALL: Go, Neurons!
0:03:04 > 0:03:07Go, Neurons! Go, Neurons! Go, Neurons! Go, Neurons!
0:03:07 > 0:03:09Go, Neurons!
0:03:09 > 0:03:12All Neurons hip-hop-happy to help, Nina.
0:03:12 > 0:03:15Today's question is, why do we have a brain?
0:03:15 > 0:03:17Our brain uses all five of our senses -
0:03:17 > 0:03:20our sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
0:03:20 > 0:03:23So, I'm going to need help from all the Neurons!
0:03:23 > 0:03:27Right, I'd better get the lab ready.
0:03:29 > 0:03:34Shahbaz likes snakes, Shay likes swimming and Kian loves bacon.
0:03:34 > 0:03:37But all they want to know why we have a brain.
0:03:37 > 0:03:42So, today, Shahbaz, Shay and Kian become the experimenters!
0:03:44 > 0:03:48- Hi, guys! - ALL: Hi, Nina!
0:03:48 > 0:03:50Welcome to my science lab. Come on in.
0:03:50 > 0:03:52Now, your question is,
0:03:52 > 0:03:54why do we have a brain?
0:03:54 > 0:03:57Superb question! Why do you want to know?
0:03:57 > 0:04:00We know we have a brain.
0:04:00 > 0:04:03But we're not sure what it does.
0:04:03 > 0:04:07Our brain is the most amazing part of our brilliant bodies.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09First, we're going to use our senses.
0:04:09 > 0:04:14ALL: Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18- Have you all brought your brains with you today?- Yes, Nina.
0:04:18 > 0:04:22Could you pop them out onto the worktop so we can have a look?
0:04:22 > 0:04:24We can't do that, Nina.
0:04:24 > 0:04:28Of course! Our brains are inside our heads.
0:04:28 > 0:04:30So, our brains live here,
0:04:30 > 0:04:35inside our hard, bony skull, and that's where we should leave them.
0:04:35 > 0:04:39So, for this investigation, I've made a pretend brain.
0:04:39 > 0:04:43- How would you describe it? - It's pink and soggy.
0:04:43 > 0:04:45And it's like jelly.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48Our real brains are grey in colour
0:04:48 > 0:04:51but I've made this pretend brain out of pink jelly.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54But it feels quite like our real brain.
0:04:54 > 0:04:57Touch it and tell me what you think.
0:04:58 > 0:05:00It's, like, soft.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02Yes, our brains are quite soft.
0:05:02 > 0:05:06It's lucky that we have these hard skulls to keep them safe.
0:05:06 > 0:05:10If we were doing activities like cycling or skateboarding
0:05:10 > 0:05:12what should we always wear?
0:05:12 > 0:05:14A helmet.
0:05:14 > 0:05:18Yes, we must always wear a safety helmet in case we fall.
0:05:18 > 0:05:22But why are brains so important?
0:05:22 > 0:05:25Well, our brain is the control centre for our body,
0:05:25 > 0:05:29which means our brain tells our body what to do.
0:05:29 > 0:05:32It sounds like a real bossy boots, Nina!
0:05:32 > 0:05:34It is very bossy, Belle!
0:05:34 > 0:05:38And there are lots of different parts to our bossy brain.
0:05:38 > 0:05:43Different parts of our brain control different parts of our body.
0:05:43 > 0:05:48Let's try an experiment. Can you boys do some star jumps. Go!
0:05:49 > 0:05:51That's it!
0:05:51 > 0:05:55Think carefully and tell me all the things your body is doing
0:05:55 > 0:05:57so you can do those star jumps.
0:05:57 > 0:06:02- We're jumping up. - Arms are swinging out.- Swinging out.
0:06:02 > 0:06:04Yes, star jumps might feel simple to do,
0:06:04 > 0:06:08but they mean doing lots of different things all at once.
0:06:08 > 0:06:10OK, you can stop jumping!
0:06:10 > 0:06:13And it was your brain that was telling your body
0:06:13 > 0:06:16to do all these things.
0:06:16 > 0:06:21And what else were you doing while you were jumping? Have a good THINK.
0:06:22 > 0:06:23- Thinking.- Yes!
0:06:23 > 0:06:26You were using your brains to think of the answers.
0:06:26 > 0:06:31You were listening and talking to me while doing the star jumps.
0:06:31 > 0:06:36Different parts of your brilliant brains were telling your body
0:06:36 > 0:06:39to do all these different things at the same time.
0:06:39 > 0:06:44- How does our brain do this? Time for another experiment!- Yay!
0:06:46 > 0:06:49So, we know that our brain controls our body.
0:06:49 > 0:06:54But how does it do this? It's a bit like these remote control cars.
0:06:54 > 0:06:57The cars are like part of our body
0:06:57 > 0:07:01and the remote controls are like our brain.
0:07:01 > 0:07:03- Do you fancy ago?- Yeah!- Yeah!
0:07:10 > 0:07:16LUKE: Look! That's amazing. Those cars are moving all by themselves.
0:07:16 > 0:07:18Not quite, Luke.
0:07:18 > 0:07:23The remote controls are sending invisible messages through the air,
0:07:23 > 0:07:25telling the cars to move.
0:07:25 > 0:07:26NINA CHUCKLES
0:07:26 > 0:07:29When Shahbaz pushes the right button,
0:07:29 > 0:07:31the car turns round to the right.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34OK, boys, you can stop there.
0:07:34 > 0:07:36Back over here.
0:07:36 > 0:07:40It's a bit like how our brains send messages to our body,
0:07:40 > 0:07:42telling it how to move.
0:07:42 > 0:07:44When we did our star jumps,
0:07:44 > 0:07:48our brain had to send messages to our arms and our legs
0:07:48 > 0:07:50to tell them to move!
0:07:50 > 0:07:55The messages were sent using something called motor neurons.
0:07:55 > 0:07:57Hey, are you talking about us, Nina?
0:07:57 > 0:08:00No, Bud, you're my sense neurons.
0:08:00 > 0:08:04My motor neurons help me do things like walking and...
0:08:04 > 0:08:07Whoop! ..picking things up!
0:08:07 > 0:08:12My brain sent a message to my arm and hand to take this from you.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16That message was carried by a motor neuron.
0:08:16 > 0:08:21If I turned off the remote control, what would happen to the car?
0:08:21 > 0:08:24- It won't move.- Well, let's see.
0:08:27 > 0:08:29Yes, the car doesn't move.
0:08:29 > 0:08:33There are no messages being sent from here to the car.
0:08:33 > 0:08:37It's the same for our brains - if the brain couldn't send messages,
0:08:37 > 0:08:40we wouldn't be able to move how we want to.
0:08:40 > 0:08:45Our brains need our motor neurons to talk to the rest of our body.
0:08:45 > 0:08:49We need to find out more about what my sense neurons do
0:08:49 > 0:08:50to help the brain too.
0:08:50 > 0:08:52I know just the place
0:08:52 > 0:08:55to DIG UP some information, so let's go!
0:08:55 > 0:08:57EXPERIMENTERS: Yay!
0:09:00 > 0:09:03Oh, goody! I love this bit.
0:09:03 > 0:09:06I wonder where Nina is taking us.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09Nina talked about digging up information.
0:09:09 > 0:09:11Maybe it's a sandy beach by the sea.
0:09:11 > 0:09:14I hope Nina's brought a yummy picnic!
0:09:14 > 0:09:18OLLIE: Hm. It doesn't smell salty like the sea.
0:09:18 > 0:09:23- BELLE:- Listen up, guys - we're here! And I think I can hear an engine.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28This is a really easy experiment.
0:09:28 > 0:09:33All you have to do is move that huge pile of soil
0:09:33 > 0:09:35from there, into the coned area.
0:09:35 > 0:09:39- How does that sound? - Difficult. It'll take ages.
0:09:39 > 0:09:43Hey, what's that roaring, rumbling sound?
0:09:46 > 0:09:50Wow, look at that! Ha-ha! Let's all wave to the driver.
0:09:50 > 0:09:51Hello there!
0:09:51 > 0:09:53NINA CHUCKLES
0:09:53 > 0:09:58This digger is going to help us with our experiment.
0:09:58 > 0:10:02Let's imagine that the arm of the digger is like our arm,
0:10:02 > 0:10:07the scoop on the end is like a giant hand that's touching the soil
0:10:07 > 0:10:09and the driver is like our brain.
0:10:09 > 0:10:14The job of a sense neuron is to send messages to the brain.
0:10:14 > 0:10:19So, using this walkie-talkie, send messages to the driver
0:10:19 > 0:10:20to help him move the sand.
0:10:20 > 0:10:23- How does that sound? - It sounds like fun.
0:10:23 > 0:10:28The scoop is touching the soil now. You can scoop it up.
0:10:32 > 0:10:34- LUKE:- That looks right to me.
0:10:36 > 0:10:39That's it, you can drop the soil now.
0:10:47 > 0:10:49Take a big scoop.
0:10:52 > 0:10:54The digger is just like my hand,
0:10:54 > 0:10:58feeling the soil and sending a message to the brain
0:10:58 > 0:11:00to let it know it can pick it up.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02And the brain is making the hand move.
0:11:05 > 0:11:07You need to move it closer.
0:11:07 > 0:11:10And...drop!
0:11:12 > 0:11:17- FELIX:- They're doing a marvellous job as sense neurons. Bravo!
0:11:17 > 0:11:20Well done! You did a great job as sense neurons.
0:11:20 > 0:11:25But it did take a long time and lots of messages to move the soil.
0:11:25 > 0:11:27ALL: Yes, Nina!
0:11:27 > 0:11:31Our neurons are a lot faster at sending messages than we are.
0:11:31 > 0:11:36ALL: Yes! We're Nina's super-speedy sense neurons!
0:11:36 > 0:11:40Messengers called sense neurons carry messages to our brain
0:11:40 > 0:11:42to tell it what's going on.
0:11:42 > 0:11:45And the brain then sends messages out to our body,
0:11:45 > 0:11:49telling it what to do using our motor neurons.
0:11:49 > 0:11:53We've dug up all the information we need to answer your question.
0:11:53 > 0:11:55Let's go back to the lab.
0:11:55 > 0:11:56EXPERIMENTERS: Yeah!
0:11:56 > 0:12:00# Nina and the Neurons! #
0:12:02 > 0:12:06Your question was, why do we have a brain? I think we answered it.
0:12:06 > 0:12:11We discovered our brain controls our body and tells it what to do.
0:12:11 > 0:12:16Different parts of our brain help us to do lots of things at once.
0:12:16 > 0:12:21Our brain takes in information from messengers called our sense neurons
0:12:21 > 0:12:25and tells our body what to do using our motor neurons.
0:12:25 > 0:12:29- I hope that answered your question. - ALL: Thanks, Nina! Bye!
0:12:29 > 0:12:30Bye!
0:12:34 > 0:12:37To find out more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:37 > 0:12:42go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:42 > 0:12:44- Hearts beating.- Lungs breathing.
0:12:44 > 0:12:49- Fingers feeling.- Mouths eating. - And don't forget your brain!
0:12:49 > 0:12:51# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:12:51 > 0:12:54# Inside and ou-ou-out
0:12:54 > 0:12:57# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:12:57 > 0:12:59# Come on, let's find out about...
0:12:59 > 0:13:02# Our handy hands and bendy knees
0:13:02 > 0:13:04# Stretchy backs and noses that sneeze
0:13:04 > 0:13:07# We all have brilliant bodies
0:13:07 > 0:13:09# Brilliant bodies!
0:13:09 > 0:13:12# Every part has a job to do
0:13:12 > 0:13:14# Even stops your earwax too!
0:13:14 > 0:13:17# We all have brilliant bodies
0:13:17 > 0:13:19# Brilliant bodies!
0:13:19 > 0:13:22# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:13:22 > 0:13:24# Lashes to protect our eyes
0:13:24 > 0:13:27# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:13:27 > 0:13:31# And don't forget to exercise. #
0:13:31 > 0:13:33It's been a marvellous day.
0:13:33 > 0:13:37The pretend brain made from jelly felt surprisingly soft.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40I've had a fabby day!
0:13:40 > 0:13:43Especially the star jumps!
0:13:43 > 0:13:46Ah, it's been such a great day, man!
0:13:46 > 0:13:52Invisible messages from the remote controls made the cars move.
0:13:52 > 0:13:54Oh, I've had a brilliant day,
0:13:54 > 0:13:58listening to the children sending messages to the driver.
0:13:58 > 0:14:02Everyone's body is different but they're all brilliant!
0:14:02 > 0:14:04See you again soon. Bye!
0:14:04 > 0:14:06ALL: Bye!
0:14:07 > 0:14:09# Nina and the Neurons
0:14:09 > 0:14:11# Brilliant bodies! #
0:14:11 > 0:14:13Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd