0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:36 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:45- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:45 > 0:00:48- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:01:02Hello there. I am just ironing my spare lab coat ready for tomorrow.
0:01:02 > 0:01:05Look at all these wrinkles. And crinkles.
0:01:05 > 0:01:07BEEPING
0:01:07 > 0:01:12I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:15 > 0:01:18- Hi, Nina.- Hi, guys.
0:01:18 > 0:01:21We've got a question for you.
0:01:21 > 0:01:23Why is Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:01:23 > 0:01:27That is a great question! Why is Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:01:27 > 0:01:32Bring your grandpa down to my lab and we will investigate!
0:01:32 > 0:01:34See you soon, Nina! Bye.
0:01:34 > 0:01:36Bye!
0:01:36 > 0:01:40I need some help to answer this one and I know just who to ask.
0:01:40 > 0:01:42OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02Neurons to the ready, Nina.
0:02:02 > 0:02:05OK, today's question is why is Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:02:05 > 0:02:10Which neuron do you think would be best to help us find the answer?
0:02:10 > 0:02:12- Me!- Me!- Me!
0:02:12 > 0:02:15Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:15 > 0:02:20I can help so very much if you need a sense of touch.
0:02:20 > 0:02:23- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:23 > 0:02:26If there is a sound, I will help you hear.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28Will it be lovely, Luke?
0:02:28 > 0:02:30For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:30 > 0:02:33I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:33 > 0:02:36- Will it be awesome Ollie? - If it's pongy or whiffy
0:02:36 > 0:02:40but you can't tell, my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:40 > 0:02:43- Or will it be Baby Bud? - Sour, salty, bitter or sweet.
0:02:43 > 0:02:46I am your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:02:50 > 0:02:52- It is Luke.- Yes!
0:02:52 > 0:02:55CHANTING Go, Luke!
0:03:00 > 0:03:04Cool, Nina. I'll be looking out to help you.
0:03:04 > 0:03:07Today's question is why Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:03:07 > 0:03:09Because wrinkles are something we see,
0:03:09 > 0:03:12our super sight neuron Luke will be helping us today.
0:03:12 > 0:03:16I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
0:03:17 > 0:03:21Jodie likes guinea pigs. Chloe likes riding ponies.
0:03:21 > 0:03:23Grandpa Jim loves hillwalking. They all want to know
0:03:23 > 0:03:27why Grandpa's face is wrinkly. So today, for one day only,
0:03:27 > 0:03:31Jodie, Chloe and Grandpa Jim become the experimenters!
0:03:32 > 0:03:39- Hi, guys!- Hi, Nina.- Hello, Grandpa Jim. Welcome to my lab, come in.
0:03:39 > 0:03:43Now, your question is why is Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:03:43 > 0:03:45Which is a great question, but why do you want to know?
0:03:45 > 0:03:49- We love our grandpa's face.- And we want to know why it's wrinkly.
0:03:49 > 0:03:52Well, your grandpa does have a lovely face.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55- Thank you for being part of our experiment.- You're welcome, Nina.
0:03:55 > 0:03:58We are going to have so much fun!
0:03:58 > 0:04:00Let's start by using our senses.
0:04:00 > 0:04:05Woo-hoo. A senses experiment! We are ready, Nina.
0:04:05 > 0:04:10You say that your grandpa's face has wrinkles, but where are they?
0:04:10 > 0:04:14Try using your magnifying glasses and have a closer look.
0:04:21 > 0:04:25- Where can you see wrinkles? - On his eyes and forehead.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29- Have you always had wrinkles in those places?- No, Nina.
0:04:29 > 0:04:33- Here is a photograph of me as a boy. - What a cute photograph!
0:04:33 > 0:04:38- What do you notice about him? - He has no wrinkles in the picture.
0:04:38 > 0:04:40That's right. When he was a young boy,
0:04:40 > 0:04:44your grandpa's skin was smooth, just like yours.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48But now he's older, he has a few wrinkles.
0:04:48 > 0:04:53Why has Grandpa's Jim's skin changed? Let's go over here.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56We are going to pretend this material is our skin.
0:04:56 > 0:04:59We will take a corner and pull.
0:05:03 > 0:05:07What happens to the size of the material when we stretch it?
0:05:07 > 0:05:10- It gets bigger.- Yes, it gets bigger.
0:05:10 > 0:05:13What happens when we stop pulling?
0:05:13 > 0:05:17- It goes small.- When we stretch it, the material gets bigger.
0:05:17 > 0:05:20And when we stop stretching, it gets smaller.
0:05:20 > 0:05:23That's what happens with our skin.
0:05:23 > 0:05:28Let's try something else. Everyone pop your hands on the worktop.
0:05:28 > 0:05:32- What do you notice about each other's hands?- Grandpa's are big.
0:05:32 > 0:05:37- And they're wrinkly. - Yes, your skin looks smooth
0:05:37 > 0:05:40because it is stretched tightly.
0:05:40 > 0:05:45On your grandpa's hand, the skin is not stretched so tightly.
0:05:45 > 0:05:50Very, very gently, pinch the skin on the back of your hand.
0:05:50 > 0:05:54Be gentle. Pinching can feel a little sore.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58Now let go. What happened to the skin?
0:05:58 > 0:06:01- It pinged back.- That's right.
0:06:01 > 0:06:04In science, we say that skin is elastic.
0:06:04 > 0:06:08Elastic means that, when something stretches,
0:06:08 > 0:06:11it goes back to how it was before. But why is it so important
0:06:11 > 0:06:14that our brilliant bodies have stretchy, elastic skin?
0:06:14 > 0:06:16It is time for another experiment.
0:06:16 > 0:06:22I am hoping you can face getting a special treat. Let's go!
0:06:26 > 0:06:28I can't wait to see where we will end up today.
0:06:28 > 0:06:33Nina said she hoped they could face a special treat.
0:06:33 > 0:06:36- Maybe it's an ice cream shop.- Yes!
0:06:36 > 0:06:39I get the feeling they won't be eating ice cream.
0:06:39 > 0:06:44Our senses experiment showed us that our skin is stretchy and elastic.
0:06:44 > 0:06:50But to understand why, we need to find out what would happen
0:06:50 > 0:06:52if our skin was not stretchy.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55This is Louise. She's a beauty therapist.
0:06:55 > 0:06:58She'll put some special stuff on our faces.
0:06:58 > 0:07:00Some people do this to help look after their skin.
0:07:00 > 0:07:02We're doing it as an experiment.
0:07:02 > 0:07:05Try touching some of the special stuff
0:07:05 > 0:07:07and tell me what it feels like.
0:07:08 > 0:07:12It's so soft, it's squidgy.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15Yes, it's soft and squidgy now, but when it's on our faces,
0:07:15 > 0:07:18it will soon go hard and set - a bit like a mask.
0:07:18 > 0:07:23- Louise, why don't you start with Jodie?- OK, Nina.
0:07:23 > 0:07:26I've given Grandpa Jim some cards with faces on them.
0:07:26 > 0:07:30Once our masks have set hard, he's going to show us a card
0:07:30 > 0:07:33and you're going to try to pull that face.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36Then Grandpa Jim will guess what it is.
0:07:38 > 0:07:41SHE TRIES TO SPEAK
0:07:41 > 0:07:46Hee-hee-hee! Nina can't open her mouth properly!
0:07:46 > 0:07:50NINA TRIES TO SPEAK AGAIN
0:07:50 > 0:07:53Nina's asking them to pull that face!
0:07:57 > 0:08:01What a strange feeling. Nina can hardly move her face.
0:08:01 > 0:08:03I think that might be her angry face.
0:08:07 > 0:08:10I hope Grandpa can guess it right this time!
0:08:13 > 0:08:16Those look like they may be happy faces.
0:08:16 > 0:08:19No, that was an angry face!
0:08:22 > 0:08:25So, how did your faces feel under the masks?
0:08:25 > 0:08:29It felt strange because we could hardly move our faces.
0:08:29 > 0:08:33- How was it for you, Grandpa Jim?- It was hard to make out the expressions
0:08:33 > 0:08:37- or what you were saying, cos you couldn't move your faces.- Yes!
0:08:37 > 0:08:41Why do you think it's important for the skin in our faces to stretch?
0:08:41 > 0:08:43So we can move our mouths to talk.
0:08:43 > 0:08:45And to smile and make faces.
0:08:45 > 0:08:49That's right, we need the skin in our faces to be elastic
0:08:49 > 0:08:52so we can smile... and frown...and talk!
0:08:52 > 0:08:56And the rest of our body needs stretchy skin too
0:08:56 > 0:08:58so we can stretch and move our bodies.
0:08:58 > 0:09:04So, we know a lot more about skin now, but we still don't know why
0:09:04 > 0:09:07Grandpa Jim's face is wrinkly!
0:09:07 > 0:09:10- I think we need to go back to the lab for one final experiment.- Yay!
0:09:12 > 0:09:14OK, in front here, we all have a beach ball,
0:09:14 > 0:09:17and we're going to pretend that each beach ball
0:09:17 > 0:09:20is a person's head.
0:09:20 > 0:09:23First, we need to draw a face on these balls.
0:09:23 > 0:09:24Go for it!
0:09:37 > 0:09:40I've given mine a big frown!
0:09:40 > 0:09:42Nice work everyone!
0:09:42 > 0:09:47Now I'd like you to give your beach ball's face a little squeeze,
0:09:47 > 0:09:49and tell me how that feels.
0:09:49 > 0:09:52Smooth and firm.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Yeah. Now let's feel the skin on our face very gently,
0:09:55 > 0:09:58- and tell me how that feels. - Nice and smooth.
0:09:58 > 0:10:02So, the beach balls and our face feel and look quite similar.
0:10:02 > 0:10:06They're plump and firm and smooth.
0:10:06 > 0:10:10The ball's like that because it's got lots of air inside,
0:10:10 > 0:10:14but your skin's like that because of a special substance called collagen.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18Collagen is one of the building blocks of the body,
0:10:18 > 0:10:21and it's collagen and other things in the skin
0:10:21 > 0:10:25that keep the skin feeling smooth, stretch and elastic.
0:10:25 > 0:10:28When we're young,
0:10:28 > 0:10:30we have lots of collagen in our skin, but as we get older,
0:10:30 > 0:10:33our body makes less collagen,
0:10:33 > 0:10:36and our skin changes. So now,
0:10:36 > 0:10:39I'd like you to release a bit of air from your beach ball.
0:10:41 > 0:10:43AIR HISSES
0:10:47 > 0:10:50How do the beach balls look and feel now?
0:10:50 > 0:10:53Soft and baggy.
0:10:53 > 0:10:57Feels baggy and wrinkly. Just like Grandpa's face!
0:10:57 > 0:11:00- NINA LAUGHS - Can you two please face each other,
0:11:00 > 0:11:03and give each other a big smile?
0:11:03 > 0:11:07What can you see happening to the skin around your eyes?
0:11:07 > 0:11:12- It's getting a bit wrinkly. - Yeah? Now see if you can make
0:11:12 > 0:11:15a big frown like I drew on my beach ball.
0:11:15 > 0:11:17Now straight faces again...
0:11:17 > 0:11:21What happened to the skin in between your eyes?
0:11:21 > 0:11:24It went wrinkly, and after,
0:11:24 > 0:11:27when we did the straight face, it went all smooth.
0:11:27 > 0:11:29That's right!
0:11:29 > 0:11:31But as our brilliant bodies get older,
0:11:31 > 0:11:34our skin stops being so good at smoothing back out again,
0:11:34 > 0:11:38after being crinkled up by frowning or smiling and laughing.
0:11:38 > 0:11:43So we get wrinkles in the places that were crinkled up.
0:11:48 > 0:11:51Your question was, why is Grandpa's face wrinkly?
0:11:51 > 0:11:53I think we've answered it.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56We found out that when we're young,
0:11:56 > 0:11:59our skin is plump and stretchy and elastic,
0:11:59 > 0:12:01which is great for allowing our bodies to move,
0:12:01 > 0:12:04and our faces to talk and smile.
0:12:04 > 0:12:06As our brilliant bodies get older,
0:12:06 > 0:12:10they make less of a special substance called collagen.
0:12:10 > 0:12:14This means that when we smile or frown, the crinkles on our face
0:12:14 > 0:12:16don't smooth back out again,
0:12:16 > 0:12:19and lines are left called wrinkles.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22This is a natural part of growing older,
0:12:22 > 0:12:26so next time you see someone with wrinkles around their mouth and eyes
0:12:26 > 0:12:29you'll know they've done lots of laughing and smiling.
0:12:29 > 0:12:32- Is that right, Grandpa Jim? - Absolutely right, Nina.
0:12:32 > 0:12:36- I hope that's answered your question.- BOTH: Thanks, Nina! Bye!
0:12:36 > 0:12:39Bye!
0:12:42 > 0:12:46If you want to find out more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:46 > 0:12:48go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50Have fun!
0:12:50 > 0:12:52- Hearts beating. - Lungs breathing.
0:12:52 > 0:12:55- Fingers feeling. - Mouths eating!
0:12:55 > 0:12:57And don't forget your brain!
0:12:57 > 0:12:59# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:12:59 > 0:13:02# Inside and out
0:13:02 > 0:13:05# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:13:05 > 0:13:07# Come on let's find out about
0:13:07 > 0:13:10# Handy hands And bendy knees
0:13:10 > 0:13:13# Stretchy backs And noses that sneeze
0:13:13 > 0:13:15# We all have brilliant bodies
0:13:15 > 0:13:17Brilliant bodies!#
0:13:17 > 0:13:20# Every part has a job to do
0:13:20 > 0:13:23# Even scabs and ear wax too
0:13:23 > 0:13:25# We all have brilliant bodies
0:13:25 > 0:13:27Brilliant bodies!
0:13:27 > 0:13:31# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:13:31 > 0:13:32# Lashes to protect our eyes
0:13:32 > 0:13:36# Brilliant bodies Brilliant bodies
0:13:36 > 0:13:39# And don't forget to exercise. #
0:13:39 > 0:13:41It's been a marvellous day.
0:13:41 > 0:13:46What a strange sensation when Nina wore that hard mask.
0:13:46 > 0:13:50Ah, it's been such a great day, man!
0:13:50 > 0:13:53Watching the beach ball faces go from smooth to wrinkly.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59They had so much fun making their skin crinkly
0:13:59 > 0:14:00and smooth again.
0:14:00 > 0:14:04And remember, everyone's body is different but they're all brilliant.
0:14:04 > 0:14:06See you again soon! Bye!
0:14:06 > 0:14:07ALL: Bye!
0:14:07 > 0:14:10Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd