0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:22- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:22 > 0:00:26# Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:01:00SHE MIMICS SPACESHIP
0:01:00 > 0:01:02Safe landing! Oh, hello there.
0:01:02 > 0:01:05I'm just playing with my space rocket and, look,
0:01:05 > 0:01:10Mr Astronaut is about to walk on the moon. Whoosh!
0:01:10 > 0:01:13MIMICS SCI-FI DEEP SPACE ECHOES
0:01:13 > 0:01:16Oh, I'd love to go to the moon.
0:01:16 > 0:01:18- BEEPS - Oh!
0:01:18 > 0:01:23I hear a beep. I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:25 > 0:01:27- Hi.- Hi, Nina.
0:01:27 > 0:01:30- Hi. - We've got a question for you.
0:01:30 > 0:01:33How do space rockets work?
0:01:33 > 0:01:36That's a great question. How do space rockets work?
0:01:36 > 0:01:38It's exciting when rockets go into space
0:01:38 > 0:01:41and take astronauts there. How do they work?
0:01:41 > 0:01:45Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate?
0:01:45 > 0:01:49- BOTH:- See you soon, Nina. Bye! - Bye.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52I'm going to need some help to answer this
0:01:52 > 0:01:56and I know just who to ask. OK, neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14- ALL:- Neurons at the ready.
0:02:14 > 0:02:17OK, today's question is how do space rockets work?
0:02:17 > 0:02:21Which neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
0:02:21 > 0:02:24- ALL:- Me!
0:02:24 > 0:02:27Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:27 > 0:02:31I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:31 > 0:02:35- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:39 > 0:02:42For looking or seeing, day or night,
0:02:42 > 0:02:44I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:46 > 0:02:49If it's pongy or whiffy, but you can't tell,
0:02:49 > 0:02:51my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:51 > 0:02:53Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:53 > 0:02:55Sour, salty, bitter or sweet,
0:02:55 > 0:02:57I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:03:02 > 0:03:04- It's Belle. - CHEERING
0:03:04 > 0:03:08- ALL:- Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle!
0:03:11 > 0:03:13Brilliant. I'm all ears, Nina.
0:03:13 > 0:03:16Today's question is how do space rockets work?
0:03:16 > 0:03:20Space rockets make a huge noise when they blast off,
0:03:20 > 0:03:23so we need Belle, our hearing neuron, to help us today.
0:03:23 > 0:03:26Stand by, neurons, I may need help from all of you.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30I need to get the workshop ready before the explorers arrive.
0:03:32 > 0:03:35Hamna loves her dad and Suleiman loves cricket,
0:03:35 > 0:03:39but they both want to know - how do space rockets work?
0:03:39 > 0:03:42It's exciting to see rockets blast off.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45I would like to go into space in a rocket.
0:03:45 > 0:03:50So today, for one day only, Hamna and Suleiman become the explorers!
0:03:54 > 0:03:56- Hi guys,- BOTH:- Hi, Nina!
0:03:56 > 0:04:01Welcome to my workshop and thank you for your great question -
0:04:01 > 0:04:03how do space rockets work?
0:04:03 > 0:04:07To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:04:07 > 0:04:10- ALL:- Woo-hoo! A senses experiment. We're ready, Nina.
0:04:10 > 0:04:14So, what is a space rocket for?
0:04:14 > 0:04:15Going up into space.
0:04:15 > 0:04:19Yes, going up, and it's up very, very high indeed.
0:04:19 > 0:04:21Even higher than aeroplanes?
0:04:21 > 0:04:25That's right, Ollie, it's much, much higher than aeroplanes go.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29And because it's so high, we need a space rocket to get there.
0:04:29 > 0:04:31The rocket has to travel very far,
0:04:31 > 0:04:34high up above the Earth to get into space.
0:04:34 > 0:04:37So, let's watch a rocket taking off.
0:04:39 > 0:04:41What do you see, explorers?
0:04:41 > 0:04:44There's fire coming out of the bottom.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48Yes, it does look like fire is coming out of the bottom,
0:04:48 > 0:04:52but it isn't really, it's gas whooshing out of the rocket.
0:04:52 > 0:04:54It's a bit like this balloon.
0:04:55 > 0:04:59- Now, what do you think is inside this balloon?- Air.
0:04:59 > 0:05:01Yes, you're right, and air is a gas.
0:05:01 > 0:05:05So, let's see what happens when we let some out.
0:05:05 > 0:05:08Can you hold your hand out for me?
0:05:09 > 0:05:13BALLOON SQUEAKS
0:05:13 > 0:05:15Whoo!
0:05:15 > 0:05:18- Whoo!- Whoosh!
0:05:18 > 0:05:20Now, what did you feel, explorers?
0:05:20 > 0:05:22Air on my hand.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25Yes, air pushes out of the balloon,
0:05:25 > 0:05:27and the same thing happens in a space rocket.
0:05:27 > 0:05:32The gas pushes out of the bottom and makes the rocket go up into the air.
0:05:32 > 0:05:37Let's see if we can use balloons to make air rockets. This way!
0:05:39 > 0:05:42These balloons are full of normal air,
0:05:42 > 0:05:46so what do you think will happen when we take the pegs off?
0:05:46 > 0:05:50- They will go up. - Well, let's see.
0:05:50 > 0:05:56OK. Five, four, three, two, one.
0:05:56 > 0:06:00- Blast off!- Yeah!- Yay! - They both went up!
0:06:00 > 0:06:05Whoosh! Zoom! Way-hey-hey!
0:06:05 > 0:06:10- It was a big whoosh, wasn't it? And what made that noise?- The air.
0:06:10 > 0:06:14Yes, and it pushed the balloon all the way up.
0:06:14 > 0:06:16Real space rockets don't use air.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19It's another gas that pushes out of the bottom
0:06:19 > 0:06:23and makes the rocket go up into the air. Whoosh!
0:06:23 > 0:06:27- OLLIE:- The gas came whooshing out of the balloons and made them
0:06:27 > 0:06:28go up in the air.
0:06:28 > 0:06:32FELIX: And space rockets work by gas whooshing out of them, too.
0:06:32 > 0:06:35But, Nina, space rockets are really big.
0:06:35 > 0:06:37Won't they need a lot of gas?
0:06:37 > 0:06:39You're right, Felix, real ones are huge
0:06:39 > 0:06:43and I don't think we've got the room for a real space rocket in here.
0:06:43 > 0:06:46We need to go somewhere with a lot more space.
0:06:48 > 0:06:52- BELLE:- Nina said we're going somewhere with a lot more space.
0:06:52 > 0:06:57BUD: We must be going to the moon! That's in space. Whoo-hoo!
0:06:57 > 0:06:59We're astronauts.
0:06:59 > 0:07:04That would be amazing. Ha-ha-ha! Do you think we'll go in a rocket?
0:07:04 > 0:07:05- ALL:- Ooh!
0:07:08 > 0:07:11This is the National Space Centre in Leicester
0:07:11 > 0:07:15and it's full of exciting space things. Look at this.
0:07:16 > 0:07:20- Two real rockets. - They're really, really big.
0:07:20 > 0:07:22I know. And guess what?
0:07:22 > 0:07:24We get to go all the way up there
0:07:24 > 0:07:27to see for ourselves just how huge they are.
0:07:27 > 0:07:31- LUKE:- Whoa! It's so big, I can't even see it all at once.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34Let's go, explorers.
0:07:43 > 0:07:46Rocket!
0:07:55 > 0:07:57There's the top!
0:08:03 > 0:08:07- Look how high we are. What do you think, explorers?- It's amazing.
0:08:07 > 0:08:14- What's inside the rocket, Nina? - Come with me and I'll show you.
0:08:14 > 0:08:17This is what it's like inside for the astronauts.
0:08:17 > 0:08:20Astronauts are the people who control the rocket,
0:08:20 > 0:08:23like a pilot in an airplane or a driver in a car.
0:08:23 > 0:08:28And this is where they sit for the long journey into space.
0:08:28 > 0:08:30- Oh, it's tiny, isn't it? - BOTH:- Yes.
0:08:30 > 0:08:35Let's see if we can squeeze ourselves inside, come on. Ho-ho-ho!
0:08:35 > 0:08:39Oh, one at a time. Ooh, here we go. Ooh-ho-ho!
0:08:39 > 0:08:43- Oh, it's not very comfortable, is it?- Uh-uh.- No.
0:08:43 > 0:08:45The astronauts must have been really
0:08:45 > 0:08:47squashed in here during their flight.
0:08:47 > 0:08:50Why didn't they have more room?
0:08:50 > 0:08:51Space rockets are huge.
0:08:51 > 0:08:54Well, there's a very important reason for that.
0:08:54 > 0:08:57Let's climb out and I'll explain.
0:09:00 > 0:09:04Do you remember earlier we found out how rockets get into space?
0:09:04 > 0:09:07Gas! I remember. The gas whooshes out.
0:09:07 > 0:09:11That's right, Belle, the gas whooshes out the bottom
0:09:11 > 0:09:13and pushes the rocket up into the air.
0:09:13 > 0:09:18But to make the gas whoosh out, the rocket needs to burn fuel.
0:09:18 > 0:09:22- ALL:- Fuel!- A car burns fuel, like petrol or diesel,
0:09:22 > 0:09:24to make it go, and a rocket burns rocket fuel
0:09:24 > 0:09:27to make the gas whoosh out of the bottom
0:09:27 > 0:09:29and push the rocket up into the air.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32It must take a lot of fuel to get all the way into space.
0:09:32 > 0:09:36It does, Ollie, that's what takes up all this space.
0:09:36 > 0:09:38Do you remember the launch that we watched?
0:09:38 > 0:09:42Well, rockets go really, really fast, so I think we need to do
0:09:42 > 0:09:46another experiment to find out how rockets go so fast.
0:09:46 > 0:09:48Let's go, explorers.
0:09:49 > 0:09:53Now, here we have a water spray. Let me just check it works.
0:09:53 > 0:09:56Oh! Oh, I don't want to get you wet!
0:09:56 > 0:10:00Now, have you ever noticed the twiddly bit on the end of a spray?
0:10:00 > 0:10:02It's got two different holes -
0:10:02 > 0:10:05one's wide and there's a smaller, narrow one.
0:10:05 > 0:10:08So I'm going to make sure it's on the wide one.
0:10:08 > 0:10:11And can I ask you to hold your hands out? One hand.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14That's it, one hand. Ooh!
0:10:14 > 0:10:17- How did that feel?- Soft.
0:10:17 > 0:10:20Yeah. The water spreads out like a mist.
0:10:20 > 0:10:23So now, let me just change the setting to the small hole.
0:10:23 > 0:10:27Can you put your hands out again? Here we go.
0:10:27 > 0:10:31- How did that feel that time? - It's harder.- Yes.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34The small hole makes the water come out in a narrow jet
0:10:34 > 0:10:35and it feels harder,
0:10:35 > 0:10:37and that's just like a rocket.
0:10:37 > 0:10:40The smaller the hole the gas comes out of,
0:10:40 > 0:10:42the harder the push.
0:10:42 > 0:10:46- And a hard push makes a rocket go... - BOTH:- Fast!- Exactly.
0:10:46 > 0:10:49Now, explorers, come this way.
0:10:49 > 0:10:53- This is Russ, the rocket expert. - BOTH:- Hi, Russ.- Hi.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56And Russ is going to launch a real rocket for us.
0:10:56 > 0:11:00It's a small one because it's not going all the way to space,
0:11:00 > 0:11:03but it's just like the big ones at the Space Centre.
0:11:03 > 0:11:06And we're behind the safety barrier here,
0:11:06 > 0:11:08just to make sure we're a safe distance away.
0:11:08 > 0:11:12Russ, the rocket man, has special training.
0:11:12 > 0:11:15- Ready, Nina?- Yes!
0:11:15 > 0:11:22- Shall we start the countdown? - ALL:- Five, four, three, two, one.
0:11:26 > 0:11:29- It's so high!- Ha-ha!
0:11:29 > 0:11:31Wow! Look at that.
0:11:31 > 0:11:35A small hole gave it a really strong push up in the air.
0:11:35 > 0:11:38And it goes super fast. Wey-hey! Zoom!
0:11:42 > 0:11:46That was fantastic. Rockets are brilliant, aren't they?
0:11:46 > 0:11:48- BOTH:- Yes!- Thanks, Russ.
0:11:48 > 0:11:52# Nina and the neurons. #
0:11:52 > 0:11:56So, your question was - how do space rockets work?
0:11:56 > 0:11:58And I think we've answered it.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01When the gas whooshes out of the balloon,
0:12:01 > 0:12:06or the bottom of a rocket, it goes up in the air. Whoosh!
0:12:06 > 0:12:09It was so exciting to see the real space rockets.
0:12:09 > 0:12:12They need a lot of space for fuel.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16All that fuel gives the rocket a super big push to take it high,
0:12:16 > 0:12:22high up into space. Zoom! Whoo-hoo!
0:12:22 > 0:12:27I loved feeling the water. The squirty bottles were fun.
0:12:27 > 0:12:31And that was why the rocket that Russ launched went so fast.
0:12:31 > 0:12:34I loved seeing the rocket go zooming up.
0:12:34 > 0:12:37So, I hope that's answered your question.
0:12:37 > 0:12:39- BOTH:- Thanks, Nina. Bye!
0:12:39 > 0:12:41You're welcome. Bye.
0:12:44 > 0:12:48If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:48 > 0:12:52go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun.
0:12:52 > 0:12:58# Every day the sun comes up it brightens up the sky
0:12:58 > 0:13:00# A brand-new day to understand
0:13:00 > 0:13:04- # A chance to ask ourselves why - Why?
0:13:04 > 0:13:10# There's a world of possibilities outside our front door
0:13:10 > 0:13:16# So every day take a look around and explore
0:13:16 > 0:13:17# Explore
0:13:17 > 0:13:19- # Exploring in the garden - Rocks
0:13:19 > 0:13:23- # Exploring in the park. - Rivers
0:13:23 > 0:13:26- # Exploring in the day time - Mountains
0:13:26 > 0:13:29- # And even when it's dark - Planets
0:13:29 > 0:13:32# Look at the Earth Look at the sky
0:13:32 > 0:13:36- # Look at the world before us - Explore, explore, explore, explore
0:13:36 > 0:13:39# We're always on the lookout
0:13:39 > 0:13:43- # We're Earth explorers - O-oh, o-oh
0:13:43 > 0:13:46- # We're Earth explorers - O-oh o-oh
0:13:46 > 0:13:48# We're Earth explorers. #
0:13:49 > 0:13:53Exploring is about looking at the world around us,
0:13:53 > 0:13:55asking why and finding out the answer.
0:13:55 > 0:13:59Whether it's deep underground, at the end of your playground,
0:13:59 > 0:14:03or up above the clouds, let's keep exploring our exciting world.
0:14:03 > 0:14:05See you again soon. Bye.
0:14:05 > 0:14:07Bye!
0:14:07 > 0:14:10Subtitles By Red Bee Media Ltd