0:00:04 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:18# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:18 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue
0:00:19 > 0:00:21- # Fingers - Fingers
0:00:21 > 0:00:22- # Eyes- Eyes - Ears- Ears
0:00:22 > 0:00:24- # Nose- Nose
0:00:24 > 0:00:27# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:27 > 0:00:30# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:30 > 0:00:33# Luke helps us with our eyes and Felix, touch
0:00:33 > 0:00:36# Ollie sniffs out scents and Belle she hears so much
0:00:36 > 0:00:39# Bud is Ollie's brother he helps us with our taste
0:00:39 > 0:00:42# They're Nina's Neurons and they're coming to your place
0:00:42 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers- Fingers
0:00:44 > 0:00:46- # Eyes- Eyes - Ears- Ears
0:00:46 > 0:00:47- # Nose- Nose
0:00:47 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:54# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:54 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:55 > 0:00:59In go the oranges. Nice and round.
0:00:59 > 0:01:03Oh, hello there. I'm just filling up my fruit bowl.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06And here are the bananas.
0:01:06 > 0:01:07BEEPING
0:01:07 > 0:01:11I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:17 > 0:01:22- ALL: Hi, Nina!- Hi.- We've got a question for you.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24Sometimes the moon is round.
0:01:24 > 0:01:29- And sometimes it's banana shaped. - Why does the moon change shape?
0:01:29 > 0:01:31That's a great question.
0:01:31 > 0:01:35Why does the moon change shape? Oh, we'll have fun exploring this.
0:01:35 > 0:01:38Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate?
0:01:38 > 0:01:41ALL: See you soon, Nina. Bye.
0:01:41 > 0:01:46Bye. Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one.
0:01:46 > 0:01:49And I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:07 > 0:02:10OK, today's question is, "Why does the moon change shape?"
0:02:10 > 0:02:14Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
0:02:14 > 0:02:17ALL: Me!
0:02:17 > 0:02:20Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:20 > 0:02:24I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:24 > 0:02:28- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:28 > 0:02:30If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:32 > 0:02:35For looking or seeing day or night, I'll help you
0:02:35 > 0:02:37with your sense of sight.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:39 > 0:02:41If it's pongy or whiffy
0:02:41 > 0:02:44but you can't tell, my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Or will it be Baby Bud?
0:02:46 > 0:02:51Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:02:55 > 0:02:56It's Luke.
0:02:56 > 0:02:57CHEERING
0:02:57 > 0:03:02ALL CHANT: Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:05 > 0:03:08Cool, Nina. I'll be looking out to help you.
0:03:08 > 0:03:11Today's question is, "Why does the moon change shape?"
0:03:11 > 0:03:14Because the moon is something we see,
0:03:14 > 0:03:17Luke, our sight Neuron, will be helping us today.
0:03:17 > 0:03:20But stand by, Neurons. I may need help from all of you.
0:03:20 > 0:03:25I need to get the workshop ready before the explorers arrive.
0:03:25 > 0:03:26Hannah likes dancing.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29Rihan loves pineapple ice lollies
0:03:29 > 0:03:31and Oliver loves tomato sauce on everything.
0:03:31 > 0:03:35They all want to know, why does the moon change shape?
0:03:35 > 0:03:39- I love looking at the moon. - Sometimes it's different shapes.
0:03:39 > 0:03:41Why is the moon different shapes?
0:03:43 > 0:03:45So today for one day only, Hannah, Rihan
0:03:45 > 0:03:48and Oliver become the explorers.
0:03:54 > 0:03:55- Hi, guys.- ALL: Hi, Nina.
0:03:55 > 0:03:59Welcome to my workshop and thank you for your great question,
0:03:59 > 0:04:01"Why does the moon change shape?"
0:04:01 > 0:04:05To find out the answer, let's find out by using our senses.
0:04:05 > 0:04:09ALL: Whoo-hoo, a senses experiment. We're ready, Nina.
0:04:09 > 0:04:13Have a look at these photographs of the moon.
0:04:13 > 0:04:18It can be so many different shapes in the sky. This is a new moon.
0:04:18 > 0:04:22This is a crescent moon. Looks a bit like a banana.
0:04:22 > 0:04:25This is a half moon and this is a full moon.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29- So many different shapes. - My favourite is this one!
0:04:29 > 0:04:31HE GROANS
0:04:33 > 0:04:36The moon is shaped like this big, round ball
0:04:36 > 0:04:37and doesn't change shape.
0:04:37 > 0:04:41It just looks like different shapes at different times
0:04:41 > 0:04:43and we're going to find out why.
0:04:43 > 0:04:48- What do you think the moon is made of?- I know, it's made of cheese.
0:04:48 > 0:04:49That's a lovely idea, Bud.
0:04:49 > 0:04:53Some people joke about the moon being made of cheese.
0:04:53 > 0:04:55- It's actually made of...?- ALL: Rock.
0:04:55 > 0:05:00Astronauts have actually been to the moon, so we know it's made of rock.
0:05:00 > 0:05:04- Now, when do we usually see the moon?- Night-time.- Yes.
0:05:04 > 0:05:05We see the moon at night.
0:05:05 > 0:05:10Our big, round ball is also made of rock so it's a bit like the moon.
0:05:10 > 0:05:11Just a lot smaller.
0:05:11 > 0:05:15And now I'm going to make the workshop a bit darker.
0:05:18 > 0:05:23- Now, it's a little bit harder to see the rock, isn't it?- ALL: Yes, Nina.
0:05:24 > 0:05:26The moon is made of rock.
0:05:26 > 0:05:30And we found it harder to see our rock when it was dark and if it
0:05:30 > 0:05:34was really dark, like night-time, we wouldn't be able to see it at all.
0:05:34 > 0:05:36So how do we see the moon?
0:05:36 > 0:05:41Let's see what happens when I shine a light onto our rock.
0:05:46 > 0:05:49You can see the rock more clearly now, can't you?
0:05:49 > 0:05:52- Yes, there it is, Nina.- ALL: Yes!
0:05:52 > 0:05:56We can see it because the torch is shining a light onto it.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58It's lit up.
0:05:58 > 0:06:01- And the moon is lit up by the sun. - What?
0:06:01 > 0:06:05You must have that wrong, Nina. I've never seen the sun at night.
0:06:05 > 0:06:08Ah-ha. We can't see the sun at night
0:06:08 > 0:06:12but it's still out in space lighting up the moon.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14Is all of the moon lit by the sun?
0:06:14 > 0:06:17Great question. Let's try an experiment.
0:06:17 > 0:06:21And I'm going to turn down the lights even more for this.
0:06:23 > 0:06:25Oh!
0:06:25 > 0:06:28Now this is a beam of light.
0:06:28 > 0:06:33And I'm going to use this spray so we can see it even more clearly.
0:06:33 > 0:06:34So look carefully.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37Remember, Nina is specially trained to do this.
0:06:37 > 0:06:41You should never try anything like this yourself.
0:06:41 > 0:06:42Look at this.
0:06:42 > 0:06:46By using my special spray, we can see the beam of light
0:06:46 > 0:06:48- coming from the torch. - ALL: Oh!
0:06:50 > 0:06:54- Now, does the light look straight or bendy?- Straight.
0:06:54 > 0:06:57Yeah, light goes in a straight line.
0:07:00 > 0:07:01He-he.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06The beam is shining on to our pretend moon.
0:07:06 > 0:07:10The light hits this side and lights it up.
0:07:10 > 0:07:15But no light is hitting the other side of the moon. So it stays dark.
0:07:15 > 0:07:19Light can't bend around corners. So it can only get to one side.
0:07:19 > 0:07:23Now we know that the moon is a big, round ball of rock.
0:07:23 > 0:07:27We can't see rocks in the dark but we can see the moon
0:07:27 > 0:07:29because light from the sun shines on it.
0:07:29 > 0:07:32Half the moon is lit up and half is always dark.
0:07:32 > 0:07:35Because light travels in straight lines.
0:07:35 > 0:07:38Well remembered, Neurons.
0:07:38 > 0:07:42We know a lot about the moon. There's still more to find out.
0:07:42 > 0:07:45Let's go somewhere we can look at the moon.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52Here we go. I can't wait to see where we'll end up today.
0:07:52 > 0:07:54Nina said we'll look at the moon.
0:07:54 > 0:07:58- Maybe we're going all the way to the moon?- I can't wait.
0:07:58 > 0:08:03- If only it was made of cheese.- I don't think we're going to the moon.
0:08:03 > 0:08:08So far we've found out that the moon is a big, round ball of rock and
0:08:08 > 0:08:12we can see it in the dark because light from the sun shines on it.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16And we also found out that light travels in straight lines.
0:08:16 > 0:08:19Light from the sun only shines on one side of the moon
0:08:19 > 0:08:21and the other side is dark.
0:08:21 > 0:08:26There's a lot more to find out about the moon. This is a telescope.
0:08:26 > 0:08:28What is a telescope, Nina?
0:08:28 > 0:08:32Well, Bud, a telescope is something people use to see things
0:08:32 > 0:08:35- that are far away. - Is the moon far away?
0:08:35 > 0:08:40Yes, the moon is far away in space. But the moon is actually really big.
0:08:40 > 0:08:44But because it's far away, it looks small.
0:08:44 > 0:08:48And people use telescopes to take a closer look at the moon.
0:08:48 > 0:08:52But it's a bit cloudy here tonight for us to see the real moon.
0:08:52 > 0:08:57But I've got some fantastic pictures of the moon here on my tablet.
0:08:57 > 0:09:03- So what can you see?- I can see bumps.- Some of the moon is dark.
0:09:03 > 0:09:06Well spotted, some of the moon is dark.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09That's the part the light from the sun can't get to.
0:09:09 > 0:09:12Just like we saw in our pretend moon earlier.
0:09:12 > 0:09:17But, Nina, why is it sometimes round and sometimes banana-shaped?
0:09:17 > 0:09:23Good question, Belle. And I've got a great game that will show us why.
0:09:24 > 0:09:29- OK, explorers, what do you think this is?- Earth.- That's right.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32This is the earth. This is where we live.
0:09:32 > 0:09:36- Now, Oliver, you are the moon. - What a great costume.
0:09:36 > 0:09:40And Rihan and Hannah, you are standing in the earth
0:09:40 > 0:09:42and will be looking at the moon.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45The white side of the moon is the side that's lit by the sun
0:09:45 > 0:09:49and the black side is the side that's not lit by the sun.
0:09:49 > 0:09:54So it's dark. Now, the moon moves around the earth like that.
0:09:54 > 0:09:55Whoo-hoo!
0:09:56 > 0:09:58Oliver, you're going
0:09:58 > 0:10:02to move around the earth always facing towards the sun.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04And you guys are going to see what the moon
0:10:04 > 0:10:06looks like in different places.
0:10:06 > 0:10:11- So, are you ready for some moon watching?- ALL: Yes!
0:10:11 > 0:10:15Oliver, as the moon, you are in your first position.
0:10:15 > 0:10:19Girls, I'd like you to take a look at the moon and then tell me which
0:10:19 > 0:10:24of these pictures matches what the moon looks like in this position.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27What does he look like? Have a look at all the choices.
0:10:27 > 0:10:29Which one do you think it is?
0:10:32 > 0:10:34Good girl.
0:10:36 > 0:10:37Very good, girls.
0:10:38 > 0:10:42Oliver, can you move to your next position, please?
0:10:42 > 0:10:44And remember to keep facing the sun.
0:10:45 > 0:10:47Excellent.
0:10:48 > 0:10:51OK, girls, which one do you think it is?
0:10:55 > 0:10:57Excellent. Excellent work.
0:10:58 > 0:11:01OK, Mr Moon, next position, please.
0:11:08 > 0:11:10Good.
0:11:23 > 0:11:26Excellent, good girl.
0:11:26 > 0:11:28Fantastic, well done.
0:11:28 > 0:11:32So, we've seen that the moon has lots of different shapes but,
0:11:32 > 0:11:36- Oliver, you were the moon. Did you change shape?- No, Nina.
0:11:36 > 0:11:41That's right. The real moon doesn't change shape, it's always round.
0:11:41 > 0:11:43It just looks like it changes shape.
0:11:43 > 0:11:47We can only ever see the side of the moon that is lit up by the sun.
0:11:47 > 0:11:49The moon moves around the earth
0:11:49 > 0:11:52and that changes how much of it we can see.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55It takes the moon a month to go around the earth.
0:11:55 > 0:11:59And at different times, it makes different shapes.
0:11:59 > 0:12:02# Nina and the Neurons. #
0:12:02 > 0:12:06So, your question was, "Why does the moon change shape?"
0:12:06 > 0:12:10- And I think we've answered it. - The moon is lit up by the sun.
0:12:10 > 0:12:13But the back of the moon is always dark.
0:12:13 > 0:12:16The moon is a big, round ball of rock.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19The moon moves around the earth.
0:12:19 > 0:12:23And that changes how much of it we can see.
0:12:23 > 0:12:26So when we look up at the moon, we see different shapes.
0:12:26 > 0:12:31- So I hope that's answered your question.- ALL: Thanks, Nina. Bye.
0:12:31 > 0:12:33You're welcome. Bye.
0:12:36 > 0:12:40If you want to know more about the science that's around us,
0:12:40 > 0:12:44go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun.
0:12:44 > 0:12:49# Every day the sun comes up It brightens up the sky
0:12:50 > 0:12:52# A brand-new day to understand
0:12:52 > 0:12:56- # A chance to ask ourselves why - Why?
0:12:56 > 0:13:00# There's a world of possibilities outside our front door
0:13:00 > 0:13:02# Front door
0:13:02 > 0:13:06# So every day take a look around and explore
0:13:06 > 0:13:09# Explore, explore, explore, explore
0:13:09 > 0:13:12- # Exploring in the garden - Grass
0:13:12 > 0:13:15- # Exploring in the park - Rivers
0:13:15 > 0:13:18- # Exploring in the daytime - Mountains
0:13:18 > 0:13:21- # And even when it's dark - Planets
0:13:21 > 0:13:24# Look at the earth, look at the sky
0:13:24 > 0:13:26# Look at the world before us
0:13:26 > 0:13:28# Explore, explore, explore, explore
0:13:28 > 0:13:32# We're always on the lookout
0:13:32 > 0:13:34- # We're Earth explorers - O-oh, o-oh
0:13:34 > 0:13:37- # We're Earth explorers - O-oh, o-oh
0:13:37 > 0:13:40# We're Earth explorers. #
0:13:41 > 0:13:44Exploring is about looking at the world around us,
0:13:44 > 0:13:47asking why and finding the answer.
0:13:47 > 0:13:51Whether it's deep underground, at the end of your playground
0:13:51 > 0:13:52or way above the clouds,
0:13:52 > 0:13:57keep exploring our exciting world. See you again soon. Bye.
0:13:57 > 0:13:59ALL: Bye.
0:13:59 > 0:14:01Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd