0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells and Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons and they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:56 > 0:00:59BUBBLING IN BACKGROUND
0:00:59 > 0:01:00Oh, oh, oh!
0:01:00 > 0:01:01There you go, little one.
0:01:01 > 0:01:03SHE LAUGHS
0:01:04 > 0:01:07Oh, hello there! I'm just making some yummy scones.
0:01:07 > 0:01:09I mixed all the ingredients together
0:01:09 > 0:01:12and now they're ready to go into the oven for baking. Woo!
0:01:12 > 0:01:14BUTTON BEEPS
0:01:14 > 0:01:17I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:17 > 0:01:18BUTTON BEEPS
0:01:20 > 0:01:21MOUSE CLICKS
0:01:23 > 0:01:25BOTH: Hi, Nina!
0:01:25 > 0:01:27Hi!
0:01:27 > 0:01:30We've got a question for you.
0:01:30 > 0:01:33What is the Grand Canyon?
0:01:33 > 0:01:35That's a great question.
0:01:35 > 0:01:37"What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:01:37 > 0:01:41Well, the Grand Canyon is a very famous place, but what is it?
0:01:41 > 0:01:44Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate?
0:01:44 > 0:01:47BOTH: See you soon, Nina. BYE!
0:01:48 > 0:01:50Bye.
0:01:50 > 0:01:52Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:52 > 0:01:54and I know just who to ask.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56OK, Neurons, it's time to get to work.
0:02:11 > 0:02:13ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:14 > 0:02:17OK, today's question is, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:02:17 > 0:02:20Now, which Neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us
0:02:20 > 0:02:21find the answer?
0:02:21 > 0:02:23ALL: Me! Me! Me! Me!
0:02:24 > 0:02:27Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:27 > 0:02:31I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:31 > 0:02:33Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:33 > 0:02:35I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:39 > 0:02:41For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:41 > 0:02:44I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:46 > 0:02:47If it's pongy or whiffy,
0:02:47 > 0:02:50but you can't tell, my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:52 > 0:02:57Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:02:57 > 0:02:58BEEPING
0:03:00 > 0:03:01CHEERING
0:03:01 > 0:03:03It's Luke!
0:03:03 > 0:03:07# Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:07 > 0:03:10# Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:10 > 0:03:11# Go, Luke! #
0:03:11 > 0:03:12Cool, Nina!
0:03:12 > 0:03:15I'll be looking out to help you.
0:03:15 > 0:03:17Today's question is, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:03:17 > 0:03:21Because canyons are something we can see, Luke, our sight Neuron,
0:03:21 > 0:03:24will be helping us today, but, stand by Neurons, I've a feeling
0:03:24 > 0:03:26I may need help from all of you.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29Right, I need to get the workshop ready before the Explorers arrive.
0:03:31 > 0:03:34Ronnie's favourite animal is a lion
0:03:34 > 0:03:36and William likes watching TV,
0:03:36 > 0:03:39but they both want to know, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:03:39 > 0:03:41The Grand Canyon is really big.
0:03:41 > 0:03:42Where did it come from?
0:03:45 > 0:03:49So, today, for one day only, Ronnie and William become the Explorers!
0:03:57 > 0:03:59- Hi, guys. - BOTH: Hi, Nina.
0:03:59 > 0:04:02Welcome to my workshop and thank you for your great question,
0:04:02 > 0:04:04"What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:04:04 > 0:04:07To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:04:07 > 0:04:10ALL: Whoop-woo! A senses experiment!
0:04:10 > 0:04:12We're ready, Nina.
0:04:12 > 0:04:15A canyon is the name given to a really big, long gap
0:04:15 > 0:04:19in the ground...like this one.
0:04:19 > 0:04:22They are called canyons or gorges and lots of them
0:04:22 > 0:04:24have rivers at the bottom.
0:04:24 > 0:04:28This is a picture of the Grand Canyon in America!
0:04:28 > 0:04:32Hee-hee! It's really big and the most famous canyon in the world.
0:04:32 > 0:04:34- LUKE:- Wow! Look at the size of that.
0:04:34 > 0:04:40Oh, it must have taken people a long time to dig a hole that deep!
0:04:40 > 0:04:42Canyons aren't made by people, Bud.
0:04:42 > 0:04:45They're made naturally in the world around us,
0:04:45 > 0:04:49but you're right, the Grand Canyon is very, very deep.
0:04:49 > 0:04:51Why is it so deep, Nina?
0:04:51 > 0:04:53Oh, that's a great question.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56Now, in real life, canyons are really big,
0:04:56 > 0:05:00so we've got a model one here for us to have a look at.
0:05:00 > 0:05:04Now, scientists are still working out exactly how the Grand Canyon was
0:05:04 > 0:05:06formed and why it's so deep,
0:05:06 > 0:05:09but a lot of scientists think that a long, long time ago,
0:05:09 > 0:05:12long before there were dinosaurs,
0:05:12 > 0:05:15the Grand Canyon wasn't as deep as it is today.
0:05:15 > 0:05:19So, something happened to make it a lot deeper. Can you guess what?
0:05:19 > 0:05:20No.
0:05:20 > 0:05:25Hee-hee! The ground at the side of the canyon moved up.
0:05:25 > 0:05:29Did you just say that the ground moved up, Nina?
0:05:29 > 0:05:30Yes, Felix.
0:05:30 > 0:05:34The ground all over the world is moving really, really slowly.
0:05:34 > 0:05:38It's moving at about the same speed as our fingernails grow.
0:05:38 > 0:05:41Ha-ha! And a very, very long time ago,
0:05:41 > 0:05:45the sides of the Grand Canyon lifted up,
0:05:45 > 0:05:49but the river in the middle stayed where it was at the bottom.
0:05:49 > 0:05:51It's a bit like my scones from earlier.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58- BUD:- Yum!
0:05:58 > 0:06:01Look at that! They've risen perfectly!
0:06:01 > 0:06:03A very, very long time ago,
0:06:03 > 0:06:07the sides of the Grand Canyon lifted up...
0:06:07 > 0:06:10..a bit like the way my scones have risen up.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13But the river stayed at the bottom where it was,
0:06:13 > 0:06:15and that's why it's so deep.
0:06:15 > 0:06:17I'll show you with a bigger scone I made.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19Oh!
0:06:20 > 0:06:26Oh-ho! I put a pretend river on top of this big scone before I baked it.
0:06:26 > 0:06:28Look what happened.
0:06:32 > 0:06:35The pretend river stayed where it was,
0:06:35 > 0:06:38but the sides have moved up around it,
0:06:38 > 0:06:40making a big canyon in the middle.
0:06:41 > 0:06:46- LUKE:- So, the Grand Canyon is a great, big, long hole in the ground
0:06:46 > 0:06:48with a river at the bottom of it.
0:06:48 > 0:06:51And the reason the Grand Canyon is so deep, is because the ground
0:06:51 > 0:06:56at the sides of it lifted up, but the river stayed where it was.
0:06:56 > 0:06:58That's right, Felix.
0:06:58 > 0:06:59How deep is it?
0:06:59 > 0:07:02That's a great question, and I know a very big
0:07:02 > 0:07:05and very exciting place where we can go to find out.
0:07:09 > 0:07:12FELIX: Oh, goody! I love this bit.
0:07:12 > 0:07:18- I wonder where Nina is taking us. - She said it was big and exciting.
0:07:18 > 0:07:21- Maybe it's a party! - With lots of lovely music!
0:07:21 > 0:07:25- LUKE:- I don't think it's a party, but it looks amazing!
0:07:27 > 0:07:29We've arrived in America.
0:07:29 > 0:07:31THIS is the Grand Canyon.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34I've NEVER seen anything as big as that before.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37Magnificent!
0:07:37 > 0:07:39So, you asked, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:07:39 > 0:07:42And, so far, we've learned that the Grand Canyon is a great, big,
0:07:42 > 0:07:45long gap in the ground and, like many canyons,
0:07:45 > 0:07:47there's a river at the bottom.
0:07:47 > 0:07:49We also learned that scientists believe that
0:07:49 > 0:07:53one of the reasons the Grand Canyon is so deep is because a very
0:07:53 > 0:07:57long time ago, the ground at the side of the canyon lifted up,
0:07:57 > 0:07:59but the river stayed at the bottom.
0:07:59 > 0:08:02- LUKE:- That is seriously cool, man.
0:08:02 > 0:08:03Let's go and explore!
0:08:06 > 0:08:08Wow! Fantastic!
0:08:16 > 0:08:17Amazing!
0:08:19 > 0:08:23- LUKE:- It's hard to see the other side because it's so far away!
0:08:36 > 0:08:38Oh, wow! We're so high up!
0:08:43 > 0:08:45SHE LAUGHS
0:08:45 > 0:08:48- FELIX:- Woo! It's very far down, Nina.
0:08:57 > 0:09:00Wow, that was amazing!
0:09:00 > 0:09:05This canyon is so deep that there's enough space for 300 giraffes
0:09:05 > 0:09:07to stand on top of each other!
0:09:07 > 0:09:09And can you see the river at the bottom?
0:09:09 > 0:09:12That river helped to shape the canyon.
0:09:12 > 0:09:14I think it's time for another experiment.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16Let's go back to the workshop!
0:09:18 > 0:09:21So, you asked, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:09:21 > 0:09:24So far, we've found out that the Grand Canyon is a really big,
0:09:24 > 0:09:28long gap in the ground with a river at the bottom.
0:09:28 > 0:09:31We also know that the river helped to shape the canyon
0:09:31 > 0:09:33and we want to find out how that happened.
0:09:33 > 0:09:35Now, have you noticed that after it rains,
0:09:35 > 0:09:38the water soaks into the ground in some places,
0:09:38 > 0:09:41but, in other places, it lies on top and makes puddles?
0:09:41 > 0:09:42BOTH: Yes.
0:09:42 > 0:09:46- I love it when Nina splashes in puddles!- Oh, no, Bud!
0:09:46 > 0:09:48No splashing in puddles, please!
0:09:48 > 0:09:53What happens to rainwater depends on the type of ground that it falls on.
0:09:53 > 0:09:57Some ground is hard and rocky, like the ground in the Grand Canyon,
0:09:57 > 0:09:59and other ground is soft and squishy,
0:09:59 > 0:10:02like sand on a beach or grass in a field.
0:10:02 > 0:10:05And we're going to do an experiment to find out what happens to
0:10:05 > 0:10:08water on different types of ground.
0:10:08 > 0:10:13Now, here we have two trays and in this tray there is sponge,
0:10:13 > 0:10:17so this one's like soft ground and in your tray there, Ronnie, there's
0:10:17 > 0:10:21no sponge in it, so it's like the hard, rocky ground of a canyon.
0:10:21 > 0:10:23Now, you also have some water in front of you
0:10:23 > 0:10:26and we're going to pretend this water is the river.
0:10:26 > 0:10:29Now, you're going to pour the water onto the different
0:10:29 > 0:10:32types of ground and we'll see what happens.
0:10:32 > 0:10:33OK, so, William, you're first.
0:10:33 > 0:10:37Can you please pour your water onto this soft ground?
0:10:49 > 0:10:51What happened?
0:10:51 > 0:10:53The water soaked in.
0:10:53 > 0:10:57That's right. All the water has been soaked up by the sponge
0:10:57 > 0:10:59and the rocks haven't moved very much.
0:10:59 > 0:11:01Hmm.
0:11:01 > 0:11:02OK, Ronnie, it's your turn now,
0:11:02 > 0:11:07so can I ask you to pour your water onto the hard, rocky ground.
0:11:09 > 0:11:11NINA GASPS AND LAUGHS
0:11:13 > 0:11:15So, what happened this time?
0:11:15 > 0:11:17They moved.
0:11:17 > 0:11:20That's right. Water doesn't soak into hard, rocky ground.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24It stays on top and washes all the rocks away
0:11:24 > 0:11:27and this is what happened at the Grand Canyon.
0:11:27 > 0:11:29When the ground started slowly moving upwards,
0:11:29 > 0:11:33the river kept washing all the rocks and stones away,
0:11:33 > 0:11:35so it made a big gap in the middle.
0:11:35 > 0:11:38But this took a very, very long time to happen.
0:11:38 > 0:11:42# Nina and the Neurons! #
0:11:43 > 0:11:46So, your question was, "What is the Grand Canyon?"
0:11:46 > 0:11:48And I think we've answered it.
0:11:48 > 0:11:52- LUKE:- A canyon is a great, big, long gap in the ground,
0:11:52 > 0:11:55and the Grand Canyon is the most famous of all.
0:11:55 > 0:11:57- FELIX:- And a long time ago,
0:11:57 > 0:12:01the ground at the sides of the Grand Canyon slowly lifted up.
0:12:01 > 0:12:05But the river stayed at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, because it
0:12:05 > 0:12:06washed away the rocks and stones.
0:12:06 > 0:12:10And this made the Grand Canyon so deep.
0:12:10 > 0:12:13So, I hope that's answered your question.
0:12:13 > 0:12:15BOTH: Thanks, Nina. Bye!
0:12:15 > 0:12:16You're welcome. Bye!
0:12:20 > 0:12:23If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:23 > 0:12:26go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:26 > 0:12:28Have fun!
0:12:28 > 0:12:29# Every day the sun comes up
0:12:29 > 0:12:32# It brightens up the sky
0:12:34 > 0:12:36# A brand-new day to understand
0:12:36 > 0:12:38# A chance to ask ourselves why...
0:12:38 > 0:12:39# Why?
0:12:39 > 0:12:42# There's a world of possibilities
0:12:42 > 0:12:44# Outside our front door
0:12:44 > 0:12:45# Oh-oh!
0:12:45 > 0:12:49# So, every day, take a look around and explore
0:12:49 > 0:12:53- # Explore!- Explore!- Explore! - Explore!- Explore!
0:12:53 > 0:12:54# Exploring in the garden
0:12:54 > 0:12:56# Rocks!
0:12:56 > 0:12:57# Exploring in the park
0:12:57 > 0:12:59# Rivers!
0:12:59 > 0:13:00# Exploring in the daytime
0:13:00 > 0:13:02# Mountains!
0:13:02 > 0:13:03# And even when it's dark
0:13:03 > 0:13:04# Planets!
0:13:04 > 0:13:06# Look at the Earth
0:13:06 > 0:13:07# Look at the sky
0:13:07 > 0:13:09# Look at the world before us
0:13:09 > 0:13:12- # Explore!- Explore!- Explore! - Explore!
0:13:12 > 0:13:14# We're always on the lookout
0:13:15 > 0:13:17We're Earth Explorers
0:13:17 > 0:13:18# Oh-oh! Oh-oh!
0:13:18 > 0:13:20# We're Earth Explorers!
0:13:20 > 0:13:21# Oh-oh! Oh-oh!
0:13:21 > 0:13:23# We're Earth Explorers!
0:13:25 > 0:13:28And remember, exploring is about looking at the world around us,
0:13:28 > 0:13:30asking why and finding out the answer.
0:13:30 > 0:13:33So, whether it's deep underground, at the end of your playground,
0:13:33 > 0:13:37or way up above the clouds, let's keep exploring our exciting world.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40See you again soon. Bye!
0:13:40 > 0:13:42ALL: Bye!
0:13:42 > 0:13:45Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd