0:00:04 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:18# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:18 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - # Tongue
0:00:19 > 0:00:21- # Fingers - # Fingers
0:00:21 > 0:00:22- # Eyes, ears - # Eyes, ears
0:00:22 > 0:00:23- # Nose - # Nose
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:33# Luke he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:33 > 0:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents and Belle she hears so much
0:00:36 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons and they're coming to your place
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - # Tongue
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - # Fingers
0:00:44 > 0:00:46- # Eyes, ears - # Eyes, ears
0:00:46 > 0:00:47- # Nose - # Nose
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:55 > 0:00:58Ooh. Ooh.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01Yay. Ah, it's a mountain.
0:01:01 > 0:01:06Oh, hello there. I'm just finishing off my jigsaw puzzle of a mountain.
0:01:06 > 0:01:08Oh, I really like doing jigsaw puzzles.
0:01:08 > 0:01:11I love the way all the bits fit together.
0:01:11 > 0:01:12BEEP
0:01:12 > 0:01:17I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:20 > 0:01:22- BOTH: Hi, Nina.- Hi.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24We've got a question for you.
0:01:24 > 0:01:26Why are there mountains?
0:01:26 > 0:01:30That's a great question. Why are there mountains?
0:01:30 > 0:01:33Mountains are really big, but why are they there?
0:01:33 > 0:01:36Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39- BOTH: See you soon, Nina. Bye.- Bye.
0:01:39 > 0:01:42Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:42 > 0:01:43and I know just who to ask.
0:01:43 > 0:01:46OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:03 > 0:02:07OK, today's question is, why are there mountains?
0:02:07 > 0:02:11Now, which Neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us
0:02:11 > 0:02:14- find the answer? - ALL: Me! Me!
0:02:14 > 0:02:17Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:17 > 0:02:21I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:21 > 0:02:25- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:25 > 0:02:27If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:27 > 0:02:29Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:29 > 0:02:31For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:31 > 0:02:34I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:34 > 0:02:36Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:36 > 0:02:38If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:38 > 0:02:40my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:40 > 0:02:42Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:42 > 0:02:47Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:02:51 > 0:02:54- CHEERING - It's Luke.
0:02:54 > 0:02:57- NEURONS:- Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:02:57 > 0:03:00Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:01 > 0:03:05Cool, Nina. I'll be looking out to help you.
0:03:05 > 0:03:08Today's question is, why are there mountains?
0:03:08 > 0:03:11And because mountains are something we see with our eyes,
0:03:11 > 0:03:15our sight Neuron, Luke, is going to help us today but stand by, Neurons.
0:03:15 > 0:03:18I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.
0:03:18 > 0:03:23Right, I need to get the workshop ready before the explorers arrive.
0:03:23 > 0:03:26Kayden loves arts and crafts and Tyler loves collecting
0:03:26 > 0:03:30money for charity but they both want to know why are there mountains?
0:03:30 > 0:03:34- Mountains are really big. - Why are they there?
0:03:34 > 0:03:39So today, for one day only, Kayden and Tyler become the explorers!
0:03:44 > 0:03:46- Hi, guys.- BOTH: Hi, Nina.
0:03:46 > 0:03:49Welcome to my workshop and thank you for your great question -
0:03:49 > 0:03:51why are there mountains?
0:03:51 > 0:03:54To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:03:54 > 0:03:59- NEURONS:- Woo-woo! A senses experiment. We're ready, Nina.
0:03:59 > 0:04:02First, let's have a look at this picture of a mountain.
0:04:02 > 0:04:04Now, mountains are made of rock.
0:04:04 > 0:04:08And they look like hills but they're much bigger.
0:04:08 > 0:04:11In fact, some mountains are so big that it can take people
0:04:11 > 0:04:14a whole week to walk from the bottom to the top!
0:04:14 > 0:04:19But why are they there? Well, let's have a look at this globe.
0:04:19 > 0:04:22Now, a globe is a model of the world.
0:04:22 > 0:04:25The green parts are land
0:04:25 > 0:04:28and the blue parts are the seas.
0:04:28 > 0:04:32Now, this is a very special globe because it's got bumpy bits
0:04:32 > 0:04:35where all the mountains are so we can see them.
0:04:35 > 0:04:41Wow, would you look at that? There are mountains all over the world.
0:04:41 > 0:04:44That's right, Luke, there are mountains all over the world.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48But there's something else very interesting about mountains.
0:04:48 > 0:04:52Explorers, have a feel of the globe. Tell me if you notice anything.
0:04:52 > 0:04:53Have a feel of it.
0:04:57 > 0:05:01- What did you notice? - Mountains are in lines.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03Yes, mountains are often in groups
0:05:03 > 0:05:06and they sometimes look like they're standing in a line.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09Why are they in a line, Nina?
0:05:09 > 0:05:13That's a brilliant question and I've got a fun way for us to find out.
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Woo-woo. Let's finish...
0:05:16 > 0:05:18this jigsaw puzzle.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24Excellent, thank you.
0:05:27 > 0:05:29That's it, good work.
0:05:29 > 0:05:34- LUKE:- Wow, look at that. They've made a model of planet Earth.
0:05:34 > 0:05:35Oh.
0:05:35 > 0:05:41- Hey, well done, we've made a model of planet Earth.- Yeah!- Yay!
0:05:41 > 0:05:45Now, the surface of the real Earth is made up of giant
0:05:45 > 0:05:47pieces of rock called plates.
0:05:47 > 0:05:51They all fit together like the pieces of this jigsaw.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54But the plates of the real Earth are much, much bigger.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58Like a really big dinner plate with lots of food on it?
0:05:58 > 0:06:03- No, Bud, the plates of the Earth are made of rock.- Aw!
0:06:03 > 0:06:07Now, have a look at these mountains, explorers.
0:06:07 > 0:06:13Ohh! Now, what do you notice about where they are on the plate?
0:06:13 > 0:06:15- They're near the edge, Nina. - That's right.
0:06:15 > 0:06:19Mountains are made near the edges where the Earth's plates meet.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21Fascinating, Nina.
0:06:21 > 0:06:26I had no idea the Earth fitted together like a jigsaw.
0:06:26 > 0:06:29Yeah, and it's cool that the mountains are in lines.
0:06:29 > 0:06:31And the lines of mountains
0:06:31 > 0:06:34are where the edges of the Earth's plates meet.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37But why are the mountains near the edges of the plates?
0:06:37 > 0:06:41I know somewhere with a great view to help us find out.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47FELIX: Oh, goody. I love this bit.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50I wonder where Nina is taking us.
0:06:50 > 0:06:55- She said it's somewhere with a great view.- Oh, oh, maybe it's the cinema!
0:06:55 > 0:06:58- I love the cinema.- Me too.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02I love all the different sounds, especially when they're really,
0:07:02 > 0:07:06- really loud.- I like the cinema. Very comfy seats.
0:07:06 > 0:07:11Well, it's not a cinema but it is somewhere really cool.
0:07:11 > 0:07:15So far, we've discovered that mountains are made of rock
0:07:15 > 0:07:19and that they form along the edges where the Earth's plates meet,
0:07:19 > 0:07:23but to find out why that is, we need to get up high to take
0:07:23 > 0:07:25a closer look at some mountains.
0:07:25 > 0:07:30But the mountains are huge, Nina, and they're very far away.
0:07:30 > 0:07:34That's right, Felix. That's why we're going on a helicopter ride.
0:07:34 > 0:07:38- EXPLORERS:- Wow! - Come with me, explorers.
0:07:55 > 0:07:58Woo-hoo!
0:07:58 > 0:08:00Oh, wow!
0:08:10 > 0:08:12Oh, wow, we're so high up!
0:08:15 > 0:08:18Oh, look at the mountains. That one has snow on it.
0:08:32 > 0:08:35- That was great fun, wasn't it? - EXPLORERS: Yes!
0:08:35 > 0:08:38Now, let's see if we can draw the mountains.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41So let's draw the outline of the mountains that we can
0:08:41 > 0:08:43see in front of us.
0:08:43 > 0:08:46So you've got your pens in front of you and your boards,
0:08:46 > 0:08:48let's get drawing!
0:09:03 > 0:09:08- There certainly are a lot of mountains.- Yeah, there are.
0:09:08 > 0:09:12- Do you think we'll fit them all in, explorers?- EXPLORERS: Yes.
0:09:12 > 0:09:14Yeah, I'm sure we can.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16Aw, you're both really good at this.
0:09:28 > 0:09:32And that's us finished. Aw, they are great drawings, guys.
0:09:32 > 0:09:36So, what do you notice about the shape of the mountains?
0:09:36 > 0:09:40- The mountains are all pushed up. - They look squashed together.
0:09:40 > 0:09:43Yes, you're absolutely right, explorers.
0:09:43 > 0:09:44The mountains are made of rock,
0:09:44 > 0:09:47but they're all pushed up and squashed up.
0:09:47 > 0:09:49Mountains are made of squashed rocks?
0:09:49 > 0:09:53- Yes, Felix, they are. - How can rocks get squashed?
0:09:53 > 0:09:58Come with me to my workshop and we'll find out.
0:09:58 > 0:10:01So you asked, why are there mountains?
0:10:01 > 0:10:04And so far we've discovered that mountains
0:10:04 > 0:10:07form along the edges of the Earth's plates.
0:10:07 > 0:10:09We also found out that mountains are made of rock
0:10:09 > 0:10:12that has been pushed up and squashed.
0:10:12 > 0:10:15And to find out how rocks can be squashed,
0:10:15 > 0:10:18we're going to make some mountains of our own.
0:10:18 > 0:10:21Now, here we have some bath towels and we're going to pretend
0:10:21 > 0:10:23they are the surface of the Earth.
0:10:23 > 0:10:27So, if I can ask you boys to go around the other side, thank you.
0:10:27 > 0:10:31Now, let's push the towels towards each other very slowly, OK?
0:10:31 > 0:10:33Let's go.
0:10:35 > 0:10:38That's it. Straight forward, guys.
0:10:45 > 0:10:49- Hey, what's happened? - It's like a mountain.- Yeah.
0:10:49 > 0:10:52We've made our very own mountains.
0:10:52 > 0:10:57- They're very colourful mountains, Nina.- They are, aren't they, Belle?
0:10:57 > 0:11:01The plates on the surface of the Earth are really big
0:11:01 > 0:11:04and sometimes the plates are pushed together
0:11:04 > 0:11:08and they get squashed up into peaks which makes really big
0:11:08 > 0:11:11mountains just like in our experiment.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14So, the Earth's plates are moving, Nina?
0:11:14 > 0:11:18Yes, Felix, but only very slowly. Think of our fingernails.
0:11:18 > 0:11:22Our fingernails are always growing but they grow so slowly,
0:11:22 > 0:11:26we can't see them moving. And it's the same with the Earth's plates.
0:11:26 > 0:11:30They're moving but so slowly, we can't see it or feel it.
0:11:30 > 0:11:34It must take a very long time to make a mountain.
0:11:34 > 0:11:39Yes, Ollie, it takes a very, very, very long time to make a mountain.
0:11:39 > 0:11:42Cool. So, when the Earth's plates bump into each other,
0:11:42 > 0:11:44they bend and form a mountain.
0:11:44 > 0:11:48That's right, Luke, and that's why mountains are often
0:11:48 > 0:11:50found near the edges of the Earth's plates.
0:11:50 > 0:11:54# Nina and the Neurons. #
0:11:54 > 0:11:57So, your question was, why are there mountains?
0:11:57 > 0:11:59And I think we've answered it.
0:11:59 > 0:12:03- BUD:- Mountains are made of rock and are really, really big.
0:12:03 > 0:12:06- LUKE:- I loved seeing the mountains
0:12:06 > 0:12:08and there are mountains all over the world.
0:12:08 > 0:12:11FELIX: I liked doing the jigsaw puzzle.
0:12:11 > 0:12:15It's amazing that the Earth is made up of giant plates that fit together.
0:12:15 > 0:12:19- BELLE:- And when the plates of the Earth bump into each other,
0:12:19 > 0:12:21they bend and make mountains.
0:12:21 > 0:12:24- OLLIE:- But the Earth's plates move very, very slowly.
0:12:24 > 0:12:28It takes a very, very long time to make a mountain.
0:12:28 > 0:12:32- So, I hope that's answered your question.- EXPLORERS: Thanks, Nina.
0:12:32 > 0:12:34- Bye.- You're welcome, bye.
0:12:37 > 0:12:41If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:41 > 0:12:46go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:46 > 0:12:50# Every day the sun comes up, it brightens up the sky
0:12:50 > 0:12:53# A brand-new day to understand
0:12:53 > 0:12:58- # A chance to ask ourselves why - # Why?
0:12:58 > 0:13:02# There's a world of possibilities outside our front door
0:13:02 > 0:13:08# So every day, take a look around and explore
0:13:08 > 0:13:11- # Explore,- explore, - explore,- explore
0:13:11 > 0:13:14- # Exploring in the garden - # Grass
0:13:14 > 0:13:17- # Exploring in the park - # Rivers
0:13:17 > 0:13:20- # Exploring in the daytime - # Mountains
0:13:20 > 0:13:23- # And even when it's dark - # Planets
0:13:23 > 0:13:26# Look at the Earth, look at the sky
0:13:26 > 0:13:28# Look at the world before us
0:13:28 > 0:13:30- # Explore,- explore,- explore,- explore
0:13:30 > 0:13:33# We're always on the lookout
0:13:33 > 0:13:37- # We're Earth explorers - # O-oh o-oh
0:13:37 > 0:13:40- # We're Earth explorers - # O-oh o-oh
0:13:40 > 0:13:43# We're Earth explorers. #
0:13:43 > 0:13:47Remember, exploring is about looking at the world around us,
0:13:47 > 0:13:49asking why and finding out the answer.
0:13:49 > 0:13:52Whether it's deep underground, at the end of your playground
0:13:52 > 0:13:56or way above the clouds, keep exploring our exciting world.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59See you again soon. Bye.
0:13:59 > 0:14:01ALL: Bye!
0:14:01 > 0:14:03Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd