0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question And you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:12# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:12 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers
0:00:20 > 0:00:22- # Eyes- Eyes - Ears- Ears
0:00:22 > 0:00:23- # Nose- Nose
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke he helps us with our eyes And Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle she hears so much
0:00:36 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers- Fingers
0:00:44 > 0:00:46- # Eyes- Eyes - Ears- Ears
0:00:46 > 0:00:47- # Nose- Nose
0:00:47 > 0:00:50- # Nina and the Neurons find out What you need to know- Yeah!
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:59 > 0:01:01Mmm! Mmm!
0:01:01 > 0:01:03Ha-ha-ha! Hello, there!
0:01:03 > 0:01:07I was just pretending to be a fish, you know, swimming around underwater.
0:01:07 > 0:01:09Ha-ha! BEEP
0:01:09 > 0:01:13Oh! I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:19 > 0:01:21- Hi, Nina.- Hi.
0:01:21 > 0:01:27- We've got a question for you.- Could we live in an underwater house?
0:01:27 > 0:01:32Oh, that's a great question. Could we live in an underwater house?
0:01:32 > 0:01:36We usually live above the ground. Could we live underwater?
0:01:36 > 0:01:40Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate.
0:01:40 > 0:01:44- See you soon, Nina. Bye.- Bye.
0:01:44 > 0:01:47Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:47 > 0:01:49and I know just who to ask.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52OK, Neurons, it's time to get to work.
0:02:07 > 0:02:09ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:09 > 0:02:13Today's question is could we live in an underwater house.
0:02:13 > 0:02:17Which Neuron do you think would be most useful in helping us
0:02:17 > 0:02:20find the answer? It's ALL Neurons!
0:02:20 > 0:02:25ALL: Go, Neurons. Go, Neurons. Go, Neurons. Go, Neurons. Go, Neurons.
0:02:25 > 0:02:27Go, Neurons. Go, Neurons.
0:02:27 > 0:02:31Go, Neurons. Hip, hop, happy to help, NIna.
0:02:31 > 0:02:34Today's question is could we live in an underwater house?
0:02:34 > 0:02:37Because we need all our senses to live underwater,
0:02:37 > 0:02:40all the Neurons will help us today.
0:02:40 > 0:02:46I need to get the workshop ready before the experimenters arrive.
0:02:46 > 0:02:52Sandy loves playing football. Lila loves playing tig with her friends.
0:02:52 > 0:02:57But they both wanted to know, could we live in an underwater house?
0:02:57 > 0:03:02So, today, for one day only, Sandy and Lila become the experimenters.
0:03:06 > 0:03:09- Hi, guys.- Hi, Nina.
0:03:09 > 0:03:13Welcome to my workshop and thank you for your great question -
0:03:13 > 0:03:15could you live in an underwater house?
0:03:15 > 0:03:19Living underwater with all the beautiful fish to look at.
0:03:19 > 0:03:20That would be so cool.
0:03:20 > 0:03:25And I've got a drawing here of what an underwater house might look like.
0:03:25 > 0:03:28Wow! That is beautiful!
0:03:28 > 0:03:32Building an underwater house is much more difficult than building
0:03:32 > 0:03:37a house on land, so let's do an experiment to find out more.
0:03:37 > 0:03:41- ALL:- Woo-whoo! An experiment! We're ready, Nina.
0:03:41 > 0:03:47So here we have our model house. It's got a door and some windows.
0:03:47 > 0:03:50So let's see what happens if I pour some water over it,
0:03:50 > 0:03:52like it's raining.
0:03:58 > 0:04:00Hee-hee-hee, hee-hee!
0:04:00 > 0:04:04- So do you think any water got inside? - No, Nina.
0:04:04 > 0:04:09Well, let me have a check. You're right. It's dry.
0:04:09 > 0:04:15So our model house kept the rain out, cos it's made of plastic and plastic
0:04:15 > 0:04:19is waterproof and real houses are waterproof too, to keep the rain out.
0:04:19 > 0:04:21But I wonder what would happen
0:04:21 > 0:04:26if we were to put the whole house underwater?
0:04:26 > 0:04:27Let's give it a try.
0:04:27 > 0:04:31OK, Sandy. I'm going to give you this little house.
0:04:31 > 0:04:34Can you pop it under the water for me? That's it.
0:04:34 > 0:04:37Push it down. Down, down and hold it.
0:04:38 > 0:04:40That's great. So lift it out.
0:04:42 > 0:04:45And oh! Look at all the water coming out.
0:04:45 > 0:04:50- So did any water get inside this time?- Yes.
0:04:50 > 0:04:53You can say that again! It got absolutely soaked.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56So when we put the model house underwater,
0:04:56 > 0:04:57it had water all around it.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00So it got much wetter than when it rained.
0:05:00 > 0:05:06And the water got in through tiny gaps in the windows, and the doors.
0:05:06 > 0:05:10A real underwater house would be surrounded by water all the time,
0:05:10 > 0:05:14so as well as making it waterproof, we'd have to make it watertight,
0:05:14 > 0:05:18so no water could come in any gaps at all.
0:05:18 > 0:05:23Oh! So watertight means no water could get in at all, Nina?
0:05:23 > 0:05:24Yes, Ollie.
0:05:24 > 0:05:27I've got another model house here.
0:05:27 > 0:05:31Lila, I'd like you to put this underwater for me. There you go.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34Push it down, down, down, down.
0:05:36 > 0:05:39Pull it out. Hold it above. Oh!
0:05:39 > 0:05:43- Now, did any water get inside this house?- No.
0:05:43 > 0:05:46No, and that's because it's watertight.
0:05:46 > 0:05:50Now, it's really difficult to make a house watertight.
0:05:50 > 0:05:55You have to seal all the windows shut and you can't have normal doors.
0:05:55 > 0:05:57And if we want to build a house in deep water,
0:05:57 > 0:06:00there is another problem to solve.
0:06:00 > 0:06:05So we need to go somewhere with lots of deep water to find out more.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13Off we go for another adventure.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16Nina said we're going somewhere with deep water.
0:06:16 > 0:06:18Maybe we're going swimming!
0:06:18 > 0:06:22Hey, I bet we're going to the beach, which means picnics,
0:06:22 > 0:06:25and sandcastles and picnics!
0:06:25 > 0:06:27Oh, calm down, little Bud!
0:06:27 > 0:06:30Well, we'll find out now! We're here!
0:06:32 > 0:06:33So here we are at an aquarium.
0:06:33 > 0:06:37The people who build aquariums have some of the same problems
0:06:37 > 0:06:41that we would have if we were building an underwater house.
0:06:41 > 0:06:45Hey, we're under the water. Just like in an underwater house.
0:06:45 > 0:06:50Look at those big sharks, looking for something to eat.
0:06:50 > 0:06:51Chomp, chomp, chomp!
0:06:51 > 0:06:55I'm glad they're on the other side of that plastic.
0:06:55 > 0:06:59Don't worry. The plastic that this tunnel is made from is extra thick
0:06:59 > 0:07:03and incredibly strong and it doesn't just protect us from sharks.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06So let's do an experiment to find out more.
0:07:06 > 0:07:10OK, guys, you have two buckets in front of you, full of water.
0:07:10 > 0:07:14Now I'd like you to try and lift the buckets. On you go.
0:07:17 > 0:07:23- Oh, OK and pop them down. How did they feel?- Heavy, Nina.
0:07:23 > 0:07:27Yes, and the buckets felt heavy because they are full of water.
0:07:27 > 0:07:30Now you might not think it but water is actually really heavy
0:07:30 > 0:07:33so if a single bucket of water feels heavy,
0:07:33 > 0:07:39- how heavy do you think this water would be?- Really, really heavy.
0:07:39 > 0:07:41Yeah. You're absolutely right
0:07:41 > 0:07:44so this plastic tunnel has to be extremely strong
0:07:44 > 0:07:48to hold up the weight of all this water that's pressing down from above
0:07:48 > 0:07:50and pressing in from the sides
0:07:50 > 0:07:53and this pressing force is called pressure.
0:07:53 > 0:07:57One, two, three, pressure!
0:07:57 > 0:08:01We are going need some help for this experiment and we need some
0:08:01 > 0:08:05people that are used to being in deep water, so say hello to our divers.
0:08:08 > 0:08:12So, our diver friends have a bottle just like this, made from thin
0:08:12 > 0:08:17plastic and we're going to imagine that this is an underwater house. OK?
0:08:17 > 0:08:19So have a look.
0:08:19 > 0:08:22Now what does the bottle look like at the top of the tank?
0:08:22 > 0:08:23Just the same.
0:08:23 > 0:08:28That's right. Now let's see what happens if we dive a bit deeper.
0:08:45 > 0:08:48So we are much deeper now. What's happening?
0:08:48 > 0:08:51The bottle's getting squashed.
0:08:51 > 0:08:55Yes. The pressure of the water is squashing the bottle.
0:08:55 > 0:08:59You see, the deeper down you go, the more water is on top of you.
0:08:59 > 0:09:03More water means more weight and more weight means more pressure.
0:09:03 > 0:09:06And that's what's squashing the bottle.
0:09:06 > 0:09:10Oh, dear. So would an underwater house get squashed like that, Nina?
0:09:10 > 0:09:15Not if the walls were strong enough, Felix, like the plastic is here.
0:09:15 > 0:09:18You see, in really deep water, and down at the bottom of the sea,
0:09:18 > 0:09:22the walls would have to be incredibly strong. Thank you!
0:09:24 > 0:09:27There's one other problem we need to solve
0:09:27 > 0:09:30if we wanted to live underwater, so come with me.
0:09:30 > 0:09:34So, your question was, could we live in an underwater house.
0:09:34 > 0:09:38And so far, we've discovered that an underwater house would need to
0:09:38 > 0:09:41have really strong walls to stop it getting
0:09:41 > 0:09:44squashed from the pressure of the water.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47But there is one other problem we would need to solve.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50Underwater houses would need something in them
0:09:50 > 0:09:53that we couldn't see but needed to breathe.
0:09:53 > 0:09:57- Can you think what that might be? - Air.- You're right.
0:09:57 > 0:10:01Now air is all around us but we can't see it,
0:10:01 > 0:10:04but if you flap your hand like this, you can feel it.
0:10:04 > 0:10:08Ah, yes. I can feel the fresh air!
0:10:08 > 0:10:13But if your house is underwater, how can you get fresh air in?
0:10:13 > 0:10:17- What do you think?- Through the tube. - That's a great idea.
0:10:17 > 0:10:20Let's do one final experiment to find how that might work.
0:10:20 > 0:10:25OK, Lila, I would like you to go into our fantastic tent. On you go.
0:10:25 > 0:10:30Now, we are going to pretend that Lila is in an underwater house
0:10:30 > 0:10:31and we're above the water
0:10:31 > 0:10:35and we're going to try to get some fresh air to Lila through this tube.
0:10:35 > 0:10:39Now, Lila, can you feel any fresh air coming through
0:10:39 > 0:10:41- the tube at the moment? - No, Nina.
0:10:41 > 0:10:45That's because it's a long way for the fresh air to travel
0:10:45 > 0:10:49through the tube to the underwater house. It's going to need some help.
0:10:49 > 0:10:52Sandy, can you think of any way we could get fresh air
0:10:52 > 0:10:56- from above the water down into the house?- Pump it.
0:10:56 > 0:11:00What a great idea. Yes, we can pump the air to push it through the tube
0:11:00 > 0:11:04and we can use this pump. Woo-hoo!
0:11:04 > 0:11:06Okey doke, go for it.
0:11:12 > 0:11:16- So can you feel any fresh air, Lila?- Yeah.
0:11:16 > 0:11:19Ha-ha-ha-ha! It's working.
0:11:19 > 0:11:23- Mmm! Lovely fresh air.- To breathe in an underwater house,
0:11:23 > 0:11:27we would need to be able to pump fresh air from above the water
0:11:27 > 0:11:31down a tube. And we've done it. Well done, experimenters.
0:11:31 > 0:11:34# Nina and the Neurons. #
0:11:35 > 0:11:39So, your question was - could we live in an underwater house?
0:11:39 > 0:11:41And I think we've answered it.
0:11:41 > 0:11:44An underwater house needs to be waterproof,
0:11:44 > 0:11:47and watertight, to stop the water getting in.
0:11:47 > 0:11:50And the walls need to be really strong to hold
0:11:50 > 0:11:53the weight of the water pressing on it.
0:11:53 > 0:11:57Especially in very deep water, where there is more water pressure.
0:11:57 > 0:12:01Fresh air also needs to be pumped from above, so we can breathe.
0:12:01 > 0:12:06So that's how we could live in underwater houses. Yes!
0:12:06 > 0:12:11Building an underwater house would be difficult, but it is possible.
0:12:11 > 0:12:17- So, I hope that answered your question.- Thanks, Nina. Bye.
0:12:17 > 0:12:20You're welcome. Bye!
0:12:22 > 0:12:25If you want to know more about the science all around us,
0:12:25 > 0:12:29go to the Nina section under the CBeebies website. Have fun.
0:12:29 > 0:12:31# Superstructures
0:12:31 > 0:12:33# Superstructures
0:12:33 > 0:12:36# Superstructures, superstructures superstructures, superstructures
0:12:36 > 0:12:38# Some of them are tall
0:12:38 > 0:12:40# Some of them are wide
0:12:40 > 0:12:44# They're bumpy, lumpy, wiggly too
0:12:44 > 0:12:45# Wiggly too
0:12:45 > 0:12:47# Some of them are strong
0:12:47 > 0:12:49# Some of them are small
0:12:49 > 0:12:51# Windy, whirly-whooshy too
0:12:51 > 0:12:53# All around. #
0:12:53 > 0:12:55Look over here!
0:12:55 > 0:12:57# Build it, stack it
0:12:57 > 0:12:59# Pile it up
0:12:59 > 0:13:03# Come on, let's get building
0:13:03 > 0:13:07# Race it, hold it, make it stick
0:13:07 > 0:13:11# Come on, let's get building
0:13:11 > 0:13:16# Come on, let's get building
0:13:16 > 0:13:19# Some of them are cosy, warm
0:13:19 > 0:13:21# Some of them are chilly
0:13:21 > 0:13:23# Keep us safe and hide us too
0:13:23 > 0:13:25# Hide us too
0:13:25 > 0:13:29# Some of them are just for fun or help us to stay dry
0:13:29 > 0:13:31# Underground and high up, too. #
0:13:31 > 0:13:33Look around!
0:13:33 > 0:13:35Over here!
0:13:35 > 0:13:38# Build it, stack it, pile it up
0:13:38 > 0:13:42# Come on, let's get building
0:13:42 > 0:13:47# Race it, hold it, make it stick
0:13:47 > 0:13:51# Come on, let's get building
0:13:51 > 0:13:55# Come on, let's get building! #
0:13:55 > 0:13:59And remember, there are superstructures everywhere,
0:13:59 > 0:14:03whether they are big or small, wide or tall, we can all get building.
0:14:03 > 0:14:05See you soon. Bye!
0:14:05 > 0:14:07# Nina and the Neurons. #
0:14:07 > 0:14:08Get building!