0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help, cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:21- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:21 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:29# Every day we use our senses Wherever we may go
0:00:29 > 0:00:31- # Tongue - Tongue!
0:00:31 > 0:00:32- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:32 > 0:00:36- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:36 > 0:00:39# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:39 > 0:00:41# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:41 > 0:00:44# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:44 > 0:00:47# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Bud is Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:53 > 0:00:55- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:55 > 0:00:56- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:56 > 0:01:00- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:01:00 > 0:01:02# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:01:02 > 0:01:05# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:01:05 > 0:01:07# Oh yeah! #
0:01:08 > 0:01:09Hi, everyone!
0:01:09 > 0:01:11ALL: Hi, Nina!
0:01:11 > 0:01:15I've got a really exciting experiment to show you today.
0:01:15 > 0:01:18Take a look at these glass rods.
0:01:18 > 0:01:21They look the same, they feel the same
0:01:21 > 0:01:23but they're different.
0:01:23 > 0:01:26Take a closer look at the ends of the rods.
0:01:26 > 0:01:29One of the rods has a hole in the middle
0:01:29 > 0:01:32and the hole goes through to the other side.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34It's like a drinking straw
0:01:34 > 0:01:36and this glass rod is called hollow.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39But the other one, there's no hole in the middle,
0:01:39 > 0:01:43it's glass all the way through and that's what we call solid.
0:01:43 > 0:01:45So which is the strongest?
0:01:45 > 0:01:47- ALL: Solid!- Solid, OK.
0:01:47 > 0:01:49Well, let's put it to the test.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52Now, here is the hollow rod
0:01:52 > 0:01:56and over here we have the solid rod.
0:01:56 > 0:02:01Now I'm going to take some of these weights and one at a time,
0:02:01 > 0:02:03put them on to these dishes
0:02:03 > 0:02:06to find out which glass rod is going to snap first.
0:02:06 > 0:02:10But safety first, I'm going to put my goggles on.
0:02:10 > 0:02:11Are we ready?
0:02:11 > 0:02:13ALL: Yes!
0:02:13 > 0:02:16Brilliant! can we have the lights down, please?
0:02:16 > 0:02:18First weight.
0:02:18 > 0:02:19SHE STRAINS
0:02:19 > 0:02:21It's not that heavy!
0:02:21 > 0:02:25Can you hear any cracking of glass?
0:02:25 > 0:02:26ALL: No!
0:02:26 > 0:02:29OK, we'll try another one.
0:02:29 > 0:02:31ALL: Yes!
0:02:34 > 0:02:36Here's the third one.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41Here's number four.
0:02:41 > 0:02:44Ah! Oh!
0:02:44 > 0:02:47Here's the fifth one for the hollow glass rod.
0:02:47 > 0:02:50Number five onto the solid rod.
0:02:52 > 0:02:53Oh!
0:02:53 > 0:02:55SHE LAUGHS
0:02:55 > 0:03:00After all that, it's the solid rod that's broken
0:03:00 > 0:03:03and the hollow rod is still in one piece.
0:03:03 > 0:03:04That may surprise you.
0:03:04 > 0:03:08You may have thought that having a hole in the middle
0:03:08 > 0:03:10and thin walls would make it weaker
0:03:10 > 0:03:13but it allows the glass rod to bend and because it can bend
0:03:13 > 0:03:17as the weights get heavier, it doesn't snap.
0:03:17 > 0:03:20But with the solid rod, it can't bend so all it can do
0:03:20 > 0:03:22is snap!
0:03:22 > 0:03:25So the hollow rod was the strongest of all!
0:03:25 > 0:03:27APPLAUSE
0:03:27 > 0:03:30BEEP
0:03:30 > 0:03:32I hear a beep, I see a flash,
0:03:32 > 0:03:35I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:03:38 > 0:03:40Hi, Nina. I'm Jennifer.
0:03:40 > 0:03:42I've got a question for you.
0:03:42 > 0:03:44Why can't we fly like birds?
0:03:44 > 0:03:47That's a great question, Jennifer.
0:03:47 > 0:03:49Why can't we fly like birds?
0:03:49 > 0:03:52I love seeing birds flying high in the sky
0:03:52 > 0:03:54but why can't we do it too?
0:03:54 > 0:03:56Oh, thanks, Jennifer.
0:03:56 > 0:03:58I'll be round soon to help answer your question.
0:03:58 > 0:04:01- See you soon, Nina. Bye!- Bye!
0:04:02 > 0:04:05I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:04:05 > 0:04:07and I know just who to ask.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09OK, Neurons, time to get to work!
0:04:24 > 0:04:26ALL: Neurons to the ready, Nina.
0:04:27 > 0:04:30OK, today's question is why can't we fly like birds?
0:04:30 > 0:04:33Which Neuron will be most useful
0:04:33 > 0:04:34in finding the answer?
0:04:34 > 0:04:37ALL: Me, me, me!
0:04:37 > 0:04:40Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:04:40 > 0:04:42I can help so very much.
0:04:42 > 0:04:44If you need the sense of touch.
0:04:44 > 0:04:46Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:04:46 > 0:04:48I send messages to brain from ear,
0:04:48 > 0:04:51if there's a sound I'll help you hear.
0:04:51 > 0:04:52Will it be lovely Luke?
0:04:52 > 0:04:55For looking and seeing day or night,
0:04:55 > 0:04:57I'll help with your sense of sight.
0:04:57 > 0:04:59Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:04:59 > 0:05:02If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell
0:05:02 > 0:05:04I'll help your sense of smell.
0:05:04 > 0:05:05Or will it be baby Bud?
0:05:05 > 0:05:08Sour, salty, bitter or sweet,
0:05:08 > 0:05:10I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:05:10 > 0:05:13BEEPING
0:05:13 > 0:05:15It's Felix!
0:05:15 > 0:05:17CHEERING
0:05:17 > 0:05:19ALL: Felix, go Felix!
0:05:19 > 0:05:24ALL: Go Felix! Go Felix! Go Felix! Go Felix! Go Felix!
0:05:24 > 0:05:26Marvellous!
0:05:26 > 0:05:29A little touch can mean so much, Nina.
0:05:29 > 0:05:33Thanks, Felix. Today's question is why can't we fly like birds?
0:05:33 > 0:05:37We may be touching and feeling so Felix will help us,
0:05:37 > 0:05:39but standby, Neurons, I may need help from all of you.
0:05:42 > 0:05:45OK. Let's go.
0:06:05 > 0:06:08Jennifer's question is about birds.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11Soaring through the sky birds, hovering high birds,
0:06:11 > 0:06:13fluttering and twittering birds,
0:06:13 > 0:06:17so today, for one day only, Jennifer, Eve and Ailish become
0:06:17 > 0:06:20The Experimenters!
0:06:23 > 0:06:24Hi, everyone!
0:06:24 > 0:06:26ALL: Hi, Nina.
0:06:26 > 0:06:30You must be Jennifer. Your question is why can't we fly like birds?
0:06:30 > 0:06:32Why do you want to find out that?
0:06:32 > 0:06:35I always wanted to fly like a bird
0:06:35 > 0:06:38but when I flap my arms nothing happens.
0:06:38 > 0:06:43You're right. It doesn't matter how hard we flap our arms, we can't fly.
0:06:43 > 0:06:47To answer your question, we need to find out more about birds.
0:06:47 > 0:06:51Here at the falconry centre we'll see loads of birds in action.
0:06:51 > 0:06:52- Are you ready?- Yeah!
0:06:52 > 0:06:55Felix, are you ready to help?
0:06:55 > 0:06:56It's my big moment.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59Standing by, ready to send lots of messages.
0:06:59 > 0:07:01Excellent, let's go!
0:07:16 > 0:07:18Ah! Wow!
0:07:18 > 0:07:20Those birds are massive!
0:07:20 > 0:07:23They've got big, pointy beaks,
0:07:23 > 0:07:27and really, really big claws.
0:07:27 > 0:07:29Their claws are called talons, Bud.
0:07:29 > 0:07:33They're big because they use them to catch food.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36Food? Like sausages and mashed potato?
0:07:36 > 0:07:37Not quite, Bud.
0:07:37 > 0:07:41This is a hawk, and it's what we call a bird of prey.
0:07:41 > 0:07:45Which means it uses its talons to catch its food.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48It likes to eat little animals like rats and mice.
0:07:48 > 0:07:50What else do they eat, Nina?
0:07:50 > 0:07:54Some eat insects. When you think about it, too many insects,
0:07:54 > 0:07:58rats and mice wouldn't be good for the environment.
0:07:58 > 0:08:01Because birds eat these, they help our planet.
0:08:01 > 0:08:03Birds are very important.
0:08:03 > 0:08:05Hi, Nina. Hi, girls.
0:08:05 > 0:08:06Hi.
0:08:06 > 0:08:08Do you know what type of bird this is?
0:08:08 > 0:08:10- An owl.- An owl, that's right.
0:08:10 > 0:08:14An owl is also a bird of prey. They hunt for food at night
0:08:14 > 0:08:16so are good at seeing in the dark.
0:08:16 > 0:08:19- Would you like to hold Bandit? - Yes, please.
0:08:20 > 0:08:22SNIFFS
0:08:22 > 0:08:25Oh, that big glove smells lovely.
0:08:25 > 0:08:26Like leather.
0:08:26 > 0:08:28It's important to put on that glove.
0:08:28 > 0:08:33Birds' talons can be very sharp and they could give you a nasty scratch.
0:08:33 > 0:08:37Oh! He's a big bird, isn't he? How does he feel?
0:08:37 > 0:08:38Very light.
0:08:38 > 0:08:42Even though he looks like he'd be heavy, his body is light.
0:08:42 > 0:08:44What covers his body?
0:08:44 > 0:08:45Feathers.
0:08:45 > 0:08:48All birds are covered in lovely feathers.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50- We don't have feathers, do we?- No.
0:08:50 > 0:08:52A few freckles, some hairs,
0:08:52 > 0:08:55but definitely no feathers.
0:08:55 > 0:08:58Maybe it's a clue as to why we can't fly.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00I've got an idea for an experiment.
0:09:02 > 0:09:06Has anyone heard the saying, as light as a feather?
0:09:06 > 0:09:07ALL: Yes.
0:09:07 > 0:09:11I've heard of that. It means something isn't heavy at all.
0:09:11 > 0:09:12That's right.
0:09:12 > 0:09:17We should check if these feathers are as light as they say.
0:09:17 > 0:09:21Pick up your feather and when I say "now" drop your feather.
0:09:21 > 0:09:22Now!
0:09:22 > 0:09:25Oh! What did the feathers do?
0:09:25 > 0:09:27They floated to the table.
0:09:27 > 0:09:31That's right. So they are very light. Look at this.
0:09:34 > 0:09:37- It has a hole in the middle like a straw.- Exactly.
0:09:37 > 0:09:41That's why feathers are so light. They're hollow.
0:09:41 > 0:09:44Birds are covered in feathers so they are also light.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47Think back to the birds we saw earlier.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50How are wings different to our arms?
0:09:50 > 0:09:52They're sort of flat.
0:09:52 > 0:09:54And they have feathers on them.
0:09:54 > 0:09:58Birds' wings are flat and wide and covered with feathers.
0:09:58 > 0:10:01The shape of their wings is very important.
0:10:01 > 0:10:06The air goes over and under a bird's wing and lifts it up into the air.
0:10:06 > 0:10:11In the air, it can move its feathers to change direction or to land.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14So why can't WE fly like birds?
0:10:14 > 0:10:19Well, we found out birds are covered with hollow, light feathers
0:10:19 > 0:10:24and their feathers and the shape of their wings help lift them up.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27But we still don't know why WE can't fly.
0:10:27 > 0:10:30I know a game that might help us!
0:10:32 > 0:10:37These pieces of paper are exactly the same. They look the same,
0:10:37 > 0:10:41they're the same size and they weigh the same.
0:10:41 > 0:10:44But we're going to change their shape.
0:10:44 > 0:10:48Jennifer, I'd like you to make a paper aeroplane.
0:10:48 > 0:10:52Eve, I'd like you to scrunch up a ball.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55Ailish, you leave the paper the way it is.
0:10:55 > 0:10:59Fold it in half, fold the corners into the middle.
0:11:02 > 0:11:05Scrunch it nice and tight.
0:11:10 > 0:11:17Well done! We now have three pieces of paper, all in different shapes.
0:11:17 > 0:11:22- Let's see which shape flies through the air best. Are you ready?- Yeah!
0:11:22 > 0:11:24Let's throw!
0:11:28 > 0:11:31Which shape flew the best?
0:11:31 > 0:11:34- The plane.- That's right.
0:11:34 > 0:11:39- Did the shape of the plane remind you of anything?- A bird.- Correct.
0:11:39 > 0:11:45How can a paper plane be the same as a bird?! It doesn't have feathers!
0:11:45 > 0:11:53It's the shape. Birds and planes both have wings and pointy heads.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56That shape is called an aerodynamic shape.
0:11:56 > 0:11:59That's a big word, Nina!
0:11:59 > 0:12:04Aerodynamic is a really big word, but it's an important word.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07We started with four pieces of paper exactly the same.
0:12:07 > 0:12:12We changed their shapes and found the aerodynamic shape flew the best.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16Things that fly, like birds and planes, tend to be aerodynamic.
0:12:16 > 0:12:22But, Nina, people aren't aero... um, aero...aerody...
0:12:22 > 0:12:25People don't fly!
0:12:25 > 0:12:31Birds and planes and things that fly are all aerodynamic, but we aren't.
0:12:31 > 0:12:33We've just answered your question!
0:12:38 > 0:12:42You wanted to know, why can't we fly like birds?
0:12:42 > 0:12:45Birds can fly because they have wings,
0:12:45 > 0:12:49they're covered in hollow feathers which make them really light
0:12:49 > 0:12:53and they're aerodynamic in shape which is the best shape for flying.
0:12:53 > 0:12:58People have no wings, no feathers and we're not aerodynamic in shape.
0:12:58 > 0:13:03- That's why birds can fly, but people can't!- Thanks, Nina.
0:13:07 > 0:13:10# Help protect our planet
0:13:10 > 0:13:13- # Go eco!- Go eco!
0:13:13 > 0:13:16# Walk to school or cycle
0:13:16 > 0:13:19- # Go eco!- Go eco!
0:13:19 > 0:13:23# Turn off the tap Switch off the light
0:13:23 > 0:13:25# Recycle what you can
0:13:25 > 0:13:28# Help protect our planet
0:13:28 > 0:13:31- # Go eco!- Go eco!
0:13:31 > 0:13:33# Go eco! #
0:13:33 > 0:13:36It's been such a great day,
0:13:36 > 0:13:41seeing all those amazing birds of prey flying through the air.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:44 > 0:13:48Especially smelling that lovely, leathery glove the bird sat on.
0:13:48 > 0:13:53It's been a marvellous day. Bird feathers feel so soft and silky.
0:13:53 > 0:13:59I've had a fabby day! Especially when Nina was making paper aeroplanes!
0:13:59 > 0:14:02That was great fun!
0:14:02 > 0:14:09- We've had a sensational time, I hope you've enjoyed it too. Bye!- Bye!