0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:42# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:42 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:45- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:45 > 0:00:48- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:01:00 > 0:01:03Oh, hello there! I'm just making some paper aeroplanes.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06I'm really good at making them, heh-heh, heh!
0:01:06 > 0:01:09Let's see how long this one can stay up in the air.
0:01:09 > 0:01:10SHE GASPS
0:01:10 > 0:01:12Oh, that was a really good one!
0:01:12 > 0:01:15It stayed up in the air for ages, ha-ha ha!
0:01:15 > 0:01:16BEEPING
0:01:16 > 0:01:20Oh! I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:24 > 0:01:26- ALL: Hi, Nina!- Hi, guys.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28We've got a question for you.
0:01:28 > 0:01:30How do aeroplanes fly?
0:01:30 > 0:01:34That's a great question. How do aeroplanes fly?
0:01:34 > 0:01:36We're not able to fly, but, luckily for us,
0:01:36 > 0:01:39engineers solved the problem by inventing aeroplanes,
0:01:39 > 0:01:43so why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate?
0:01:43 > 0:01:46- See you soon, Nina. Bye!- Bye!
0:01:46 > 0:01:49Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:49 > 0:01:51and I know just who to ask.
0:01:51 > 0:01:53OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:08 > 0:02:11- ALL:- Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14OK. Today's question is how do aeroplanes fly?
0:02:14 > 0:02:17Which neuron do you think will be most useful
0:02:17 > 0:02:19in helping us find the answer?
0:02:19 > 0:02:21- ALL:- Me! Me! Me!
0:02:22 > 0:02:25Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:25 > 0:02:29I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:29 > 0:02:31Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:31 > 0:02:36I send messages to brain from ear, if there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:36 > 0:02:37Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:37 > 0:02:40For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:40 > 0:02:42I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:42 > 0:02:44Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:44 > 0:02:46If it's pongy or whiffy, but you can't tell,
0:02:46 > 0:02:49my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:49 > 0:02:50Or will it be Baby Bud?
0:02:50 > 0:02:55Sour, salty, bitter sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
0:03:00 > 0:03:01It's Luke!
0:03:03 > 0:03:04- ALL:- Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:04 > 0:03:06Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:06 > 0:03:10Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:10 > 0:03:14Cool, Nina! I'll be looking out to help ya!
0:03:14 > 0:03:17Today's question is how do aeroplanes fly?
0:03:17 > 0:03:21Because aeroplanes are something we see, Luke, our sight neuron,
0:03:21 > 0:03:23will be helping us, but stand by, Neurons -
0:03:23 > 0:03:26I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30Right, I need to get my workshop ready before the engineers arrive.
0:03:32 > 0:03:34Jessica loves dressing up,
0:03:34 > 0:03:36Campbell likes reading,
0:03:36 > 0:03:38Macy loves drawing and painting.
0:03:38 > 0:03:40Aeroplanes are cool!
0:03:40 > 0:03:42Aeroplanes go really fast.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45How do aeroplanes stay in the sky?
0:03:45 > 0:03:46So, today, for one day only,
0:03:46 > 0:03:50Macy, Jessica and Campbell become the engineers.
0:03:54 > 0:03:56- Hi, guys!- Hi, Nina.
0:03:57 > 0:04:01Welcome to my workshop and thanks for your great question -
0:04:01 > 0:04:03how do aeroplanes fly?
0:04:03 > 0:04:07To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:04:07 > 0:04:11Woo-woo, a senses experiment! We're ready, Nina.
0:04:11 > 0:04:15So have a look over here. I have a toy car and a toy aeroplane.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18What's the main difference you can see between them?
0:04:18 > 0:04:22The aeroplane has wings, but the car doesn't.
0:04:22 > 0:04:25Yes, well done, Bud.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29Why do you think aeroplanes have wings and cars don't?
0:04:29 > 0:04:33Because aeroplanes need wings to fly.
0:04:33 > 0:04:36That's right. So let's do an experiment.
0:04:36 > 0:04:40So we know air is all around us, but we can't see it,
0:04:40 > 0:04:42so let's try feeling the air.
0:04:42 > 0:04:45So let's flap our hands like this.
0:04:45 > 0:04:46NINA LAUGHS
0:04:46 > 0:04:48Wahey! I can feel the air!
0:04:48 > 0:04:52Careful, Bud, you're making it windy over here.
0:04:52 > 0:04:54What do you feel?
0:04:54 > 0:04:56- Air.- Yes. Me, too.
0:04:56 > 0:05:00And when we can feel air, like the wind blowing,
0:05:00 > 0:05:03or when we flap our hands, that's air moving.
0:05:03 > 0:05:05OK, stop there!
0:05:05 > 0:05:08But do you think that the air around us
0:05:08 > 0:05:11could help a big aeroplane fly in the sky?
0:05:11 > 0:05:13- No.- Oh, OK.
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Well, let's do another experiment, engineers.
0:05:16 > 0:05:21What do you think will happen if I blow across this piece of paper?
0:05:21 > 0:05:23Will it go up or down?
0:05:23 > 0:05:25It'll go down.
0:05:25 > 0:05:26Well, let's see.
0:05:29 > 0:05:30LUKE LAUGHS
0:05:30 > 0:05:32I thought the paper would drop down.
0:05:32 > 0:05:36Now why don't you try and we'll see what happens.
0:05:36 > 0:05:37And blow!
0:05:40 > 0:05:43When you blow across the paper, it goes up,
0:05:43 > 0:05:45but if you stop blowing, it goes down.
0:05:45 > 0:05:48The paper is lifted up by the moving air.
0:05:48 > 0:05:52So, now we know aeroplanes' wings help them to fly,
0:05:52 > 0:05:55air is all around us, even though we can't see it,
0:05:55 > 0:05:57and moving air can lift things up.
0:05:57 > 0:06:01We're getting closer to finding out how aeroplanes fly,
0:06:01 > 0:06:03but to really solve the problem,
0:06:03 > 0:06:05we need somewhere with a lot more air.
0:06:05 > 0:06:06So, let's go, engineers!
0:06:12 > 0:06:15Oh, I wonder where we're going today.
0:06:15 > 0:06:18Nina said it's somewhere with a lot of air.
0:06:18 > 0:06:22Perhaps it's the seaside, with the wind whistling in off the sea.
0:06:22 > 0:06:23IMITATES WIND WHISTLING
0:06:23 > 0:06:28Seaside? Oh, I hope so! All those salty, seaweed-y smells!
0:06:28 > 0:06:31- FELIX:- I get the feeling it's not the seaside,
0:06:31 > 0:06:33but it does look interesting.
0:06:51 > 0:06:52LUKE: Wow!
0:06:52 > 0:06:58Aeroplanes look so small in the sky but, close up, they're enormous!
0:07:05 > 0:07:09Oh, I'd love to fly like an aeroplane!
0:07:09 > 0:07:11Nyoooooooom!
0:07:11 > 0:07:15Earlier on, we discovered that moving air could lift things up,
0:07:15 > 0:07:18but how does that work for huge, heavy aeroplanes?
0:07:18 > 0:07:21Well, this next experiment is great fun.
0:07:21 > 0:07:23So, Jessica, if you can take this for me.
0:07:23 > 0:07:28Guys, what do you think is holding the balloon in the air right now?
0:07:28 > 0:07:30- Jessica's hands.- That's right.
0:07:30 > 0:07:34And what do you think would happen if Jessica let go of the balloon?
0:07:34 > 0:07:36It'll fall down, Nina.
0:07:36 > 0:07:39Well, let's see, shall we?
0:07:40 > 0:07:41FAN WHIRS
0:07:41 > 0:07:45BELLE: Wow! That's a great noise! Ha-ha!
0:07:45 > 0:07:50Jessica, come forward and hold the balloon nice and still here,
0:07:50 > 0:07:54and when I say, I want you to let go of the balloon gently, OK?
0:07:54 > 0:07:56OK.
0:07:56 > 0:07:58So gently let go of the balloon now!
0:08:00 > 0:08:01LAUGHTER
0:08:04 > 0:08:06ALL: Hooray!
0:08:06 > 0:08:08Ooh-ooh, ooh-ooh, ooh!
0:08:08 > 0:08:10And let go.
0:08:10 > 0:08:11Yay!
0:08:11 > 0:08:13Woo!
0:08:18 > 0:08:20Brilliant!
0:08:22 > 0:08:24Ah, fantastic, guys!
0:08:24 > 0:08:28Now, what do you think will happen if I switch the machine of?
0:08:28 > 0:08:30It will fall into the fan.
0:08:30 > 0:08:32OK. Well, let's have a try.
0:08:37 > 0:08:40Woo-woo, woo-woo!
0:08:40 > 0:08:41NINA LAUGHS
0:08:41 > 0:08:44It didn't fall in, but it did fall down. Ha-ha!
0:08:44 > 0:08:48You're right. When the air stopped blowing, the balloon fell down,
0:08:48 > 0:08:52and that's because air needs to be moving to lift things up.
0:08:52 > 0:08:55So let's see what happens if we try something heavier. Aha!
0:08:55 > 0:08:59I'm going to sit it here and I'm going to turn it on.
0:09:03 > 0:09:08Oh! The beach ball's not lifting so high, Nina.
0:09:08 > 0:09:09That's right, Luke.
0:09:09 > 0:09:12Because the beach ball is heavier than the balloon,
0:09:12 > 0:09:14it's more difficult for the air to lift it up.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16Let's turn up the speed of the fan.
0:09:18 > 0:09:20Wow, it's going higher!
0:09:20 > 0:09:22Ha-ha ha, yeah!
0:09:22 > 0:09:25This shows us that the heavier the object,
0:09:25 > 0:09:27the faster the air needs to move to lift it up.
0:09:27 > 0:09:29So, to lift a great big aeroplane,
0:09:29 > 0:09:34air has to move incredibly fast across the aeroplane's wings.
0:09:34 > 0:09:35But how does this happen?
0:09:35 > 0:09:38Come on, engineers, let's investigate further.
0:09:40 > 0:09:45We're going to try and fly these lovely kites, and I'll go first.
0:09:45 > 0:09:46Ho-ho!
0:09:47 > 0:09:49Here we go.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55- Oops! - SHE GIGGLES
0:09:55 > 0:09:57Could anyone guess why my kite didn't fly?
0:09:57 > 0:10:00Because there's no wind blowing, Nina.
0:10:00 > 0:10:02Yes. Kites usually fly in the wind.
0:10:02 > 0:10:05The air moves across them and lifts them up.
0:10:05 > 0:10:09So how can we get air to move across our kites?
0:10:09 > 0:10:11You could try running with the kites, Nina.
0:10:11 > 0:10:13Running with the kites?
0:10:13 > 0:10:16That's a brilliant idea, Felix! Ha-ha! Let's try it.
0:10:20 > 0:10:22Three, two, one, go!
0:10:26 > 0:10:27GIGGLING
0:10:35 > 0:10:37Ha-ha, that was great fun!
0:10:37 > 0:10:40By running with our kites, we're like the engines,
0:10:40 > 0:10:43pulling them through the air quickly and making them fly.
0:10:43 > 0:10:47But our kites are much lighter than an aeroplane,
0:10:47 > 0:10:50so let's see what happens if we make our kites heavier
0:10:50 > 0:10:52by adding teddy bear pilot.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55Three, two, one, go!
0:11:04 > 0:11:06Woo, hoo-hoo, hoo!
0:11:06 > 0:11:07LAUGHTER
0:11:07 > 0:11:09Faster, faster, faster, faster!
0:11:13 > 0:11:15Phew! That was hard work!
0:11:15 > 0:11:17What did you notice about our kites,
0:11:17 > 0:11:20once the teddy bear pilots had been attached?
0:11:20 > 0:11:23We had to run faster to get them to fly.
0:11:23 > 0:11:25Yes. When the kites got heavier,
0:11:25 > 0:11:29they needed the air to move faster across the wings to lift them up,
0:11:29 > 0:11:31and it's the same for aeroplanes.
0:11:31 > 0:11:34Aeroplanes have big, powerful engines
0:11:34 > 0:11:36that move them forward very, very fast,
0:11:36 > 0:11:40and this makes the air move over their wings really quickly
0:11:40 > 0:11:41and lifts them up.
0:11:46 > 0:11:49So, your question was how do aeroplanes fly
0:11:49 > 0:11:51and I think we've answered it.
0:11:51 > 0:11:53First, we found out that air is all around us,
0:11:53 > 0:11:55even though we can't see it,
0:11:55 > 0:11:58and if it's moving, it can lift things up.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01We also learned the heavier the object,
0:12:01 > 0:12:04the faster the air has to move to lift it.
0:12:04 > 0:12:06Because aeroplanes are big and heavy,
0:12:06 > 0:12:10they need powerful engines to move them forwards really fast.
0:12:10 > 0:12:13This gets the air to move across the wings really quickly
0:12:13 > 0:12:14and lifts them up.
0:12:14 > 0:12:17So I hope that's answered your question.
0:12:17 > 0:12:19Thanks, Nina. Bye!
0:12:19 > 0:12:21You're welcome. Bye!
0:12:24 > 0:12:28To know more about the science and engineering all around us,
0:12:28 > 0:12:32go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:32 > 0:12:34- Pulling.- Pushing.- Twisting.
0:12:34 > 0:12:37- Mixing.- Drilling. - Squeezing.- Floating.
0:12:37 > 0:12:41- # Go engineering - Go engineering
0:12:41 > 0:12:44# When you need to fly it Make it, shape it
0:12:46 > 0:12:50- # Go engineering - Go engineering
0:12:50 > 0:12:53# When you want to build Go engineering
0:12:53 > 0:12:55# Engineering
0:12:55 > 0:12:59# When you've got to solve a problem But you don't know how to do it
0:12:59 > 0:13:04- # It's time to go engineering - Engineering
0:13:04 > 0:13:09# When you want to lift it Stick it, pump it, bend it
0:13:09 > 0:13:13- # It's time to go engineering - Engineering
0:13:13 > 0:13:18- # Go engineering - Go engineering
0:13:18 > 0:13:21# When you need to fly it Make it, shape it
0:13:21 > 0:13:22# Engineering
0:13:22 > 0:13:27- # Go engineering - Go engineering
0:13:27 > 0:13:31# When you want to build Go engineering
0:13:31 > 0:13:34# Go engineering! #
0:13:34 > 0:13:36It's been a marvellous day.
0:13:36 > 0:13:40I couldn't believe the paper lifted when Nina blew on it.
0:13:40 > 0:13:44Ah, it's been such a great day, man!
0:13:44 > 0:13:48Especially seeing all those amazing aeroplanes up close.
0:13:48 > 0:13:51I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54The engineers had such good fun flying their kites.
0:13:54 > 0:13:58And, remember - engineers helped to build the world around us,
0:13:58 > 0:14:01they make things work and use science to solve problems.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03See you again soon. Bye.
0:14:03 > 0:14:04ALL: Bye!
0:14:04 > 0:14:08Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd