0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:00:58# Doo-doo-doo
0:00:58 > 0:00:59# Doo-doo-doo-doo. #
0:00:59 > 0:01:03Oh, hello there. I'm just unpacking some yummy treats.
0:01:03 > 0:01:07I've got some apples and bananas. Some lovely yoghurt.
0:01:07 > 0:01:11And here's some cereal for my breakfast tomorrow.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14And a cheeky packet of biscuits.
0:01:14 > 0:01:17I think it's time to put the kettle on for a cup of tea.
0:01:17 > 0:01:18BLEEPING
0:01:18 > 0:01:22Oh. I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:26 > 0:01:31- BOTH: Hi, Nina!- Hi, guys! - We've got a question for you.
0:01:31 > 0:01:34Where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?
0:01:34 > 0:01:36That's a great question.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39Where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?
0:01:39 > 0:01:42I love cereal, but where does it come from?
0:01:42 > 0:01:45Why don't you come down to my workshop and we'll investigate?
0:01:45 > 0:01:49- BOTH: See you soon, Nina, bye!- Bye!
0:01:49 > 0:01:53Well, I'll need some help to answer this, and I know just who to ask.
0:01:53 > 0:01:56OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:14 > 0:02:16OK. Today's question is,
0:02:16 > 0:02:19"Where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?"
0:02:19 > 0:02:23Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
0:02:23 > 0:02:26ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:26 > 0:02:29Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:29 > 0:02:32I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:32 > 0:02:34Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:34 > 0:02:39I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:41 > 0:02:43For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:43 > 0:02:46I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:46 > 0:02:47Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:47 > 0:02:50If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:50 > 0:02:54- my messages help your sense of smell. - Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:54 > 0:02:59Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:03:01 > 0:03:03- It's Bud!- Yippee!
0:03:06 > 0:03:14- ALL:- Go, Bud! Go, Bud! Go, Bud! Go, Bud!
0:03:14 > 0:03:16Give me a taste of the action, Nina!
0:03:16 > 0:03:17Today's question is,
0:03:17 > 0:03:20"Where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?"
0:03:20 > 0:03:24Because breakfast cereal is something we eat, Bud,
0:03:24 > 0:03:27our taste Neuron, will be helping us, but stand by, Neurons -
0:03:27 > 0:03:29I've a feeling I may need help from all of you.
0:03:29 > 0:03:32Right, I need to get the workshop ready before the engineers arrive.
0:03:34 > 0:03:39Gaby loves the colour red. Hayley likes fish and chips.
0:03:39 > 0:03:44- I like having cereal for breakfast. - Where does cereal come from?
0:03:44 > 0:03:49So today, for one day only, Hayley and Gaby become the engineers.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55- Hi, Gaby. Hi, Hayley. - BOTH:- Hi, Nina.
0:03:55 > 0:03:59Welcome to my workshop, and thanks for your great question,
0:03:59 > 0:04:02"Where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?"
0:04:02 > 0:04:06To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:04:06 > 0:04:07ALL: Woop-woo!
0:04:07 > 0:04:11A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!
0:04:11 > 0:04:14First, let's have a look at some breakfast cereals.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18There you go, girls. Have a feel of those.
0:04:18 > 0:04:22- FELIX:- Hm, it feels rather rough, and very crumbly.
0:04:22 > 0:04:27All of these foods are made from something called cereal grains.
0:04:27 > 0:04:32Cereals are plants like wheat and barley, and because cereal grains
0:04:32 > 0:04:36are used for lots of our foods, they are really important.
0:04:36 > 0:04:40Nina, please, please, please, please taste some cake!
0:04:40 > 0:04:44Oh, if you insist, Bud. I'll just have a little bit.
0:04:46 > 0:04:49OHHH! Cake!
0:04:49 > 0:04:51LAUGHTER
0:04:51 > 0:04:53To find out where our cereal comes from,
0:04:53 > 0:04:56we need to know more about what it is.
0:04:57 > 0:05:04Barley and wheat grow in fields. This is barley. Have a look at that.
0:05:04 > 0:05:07Oh, you've got a wee squinty piece.
0:05:10 > 0:05:13- FELIX:- The barley's rather sharp and prickly.
0:05:13 > 0:05:18These spiky coverings protect grains at the tip of the barley,
0:05:18 > 0:05:21and it's these grains we use to make food.
0:05:21 > 0:05:24Here are some grains without their coverings.
0:05:25 > 0:05:29Barley and wheat grains are special because that's the part we eat.
0:05:29 > 0:05:32The other bits aren't very tasty.
0:05:32 > 0:05:36But does this look like your breakfast cereal?
0:05:36 > 0:05:38No, it looks different.
0:05:38 > 0:05:42Ah, you see, a factory cooks and squashes the grains of barley
0:05:42 > 0:05:44and wheat into flakes, hoops
0:05:44 > 0:05:47and other shapes that become our breakfast cereal.
0:05:47 > 0:05:51The grains can also be crushed to make flour for baking cakes,
0:05:51 > 0:05:53bread or pasta.
0:05:53 > 0:05:57But, Nina, how do you get the grains out of their covering?
0:05:57 > 0:06:00Great question, Luke. Time for an experiment.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03It's very important to protect our eyes
0:06:03 > 0:06:06when we're doing experiments in our workshop.
0:06:06 > 0:06:10It could get a bit dusty, so we're going to put these masks on.
0:06:10 > 0:06:14We want to find the best way to get the tasty grains out of this barley
0:06:14 > 0:06:17so, Gaby, I'd like you to rub the barley
0:06:17 > 0:06:20with your hands, across the bumpy surface,
0:06:20 > 0:06:24and, Hayley, if you can use the rolling pin to crush yours,
0:06:24 > 0:06:29and I shall try tapping this barley into this tray.
0:06:29 > 0:06:32Three, two, one, go!
0:06:42 > 0:06:46OLLIE SNIFFS Mmm! A lovely cereal smell.
0:06:51 > 0:06:56- OK, stop there! Stop there. - NINA LAUGHS
0:06:56 > 0:06:58Great work, engineers.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02Because we only eat the barley and wheat grains, we have to remove
0:07:02 > 0:07:04all of the coverings from around them.
0:07:04 > 0:07:08Tapping, rolling and rubbing are all great ways to do this.
0:07:08 > 0:07:09- Ooh! - SHE GASPS
0:07:09 > 0:07:13But it takes lots and lots of grains
0:07:13 > 0:07:17to make even a small bowl of cereal.
0:07:17 > 0:07:20To gather enough grains to make breakfast cereal and other foods
0:07:20 > 0:07:25like bread, engineers have invented some very clever machinery.
0:07:25 > 0:07:29To find out more, we're heading off to a golden paradise.
0:07:29 > 0:07:30Let's go, engineers.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35- OLLIE:- Off we go
0:07:35 > 0:07:36for another adventure.
0:07:36 > 0:07:39Nina said a golden paradise.
0:07:39 > 0:07:41Perhaps it's a golden beach.
0:07:41 > 0:07:44Mm, I see plenty of golden something,
0:07:44 > 0:07:46but it's not the seaside.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49Now, this is a farmer's field,
0:07:49 > 0:07:53and he's kindly given us permission to do an experiment.
0:07:53 > 0:07:56Now, this barley's grown really high. What shall we do first?
0:07:56 > 0:07:58Cut it, Nina.
0:07:58 > 0:08:00Hee-hee! Lets get snipping.
0:08:15 > 0:08:18Great! We've got some lovely barley.
0:08:18 > 0:08:24Now, it takes many, many grains to make just one bowl of cereal,
0:08:24 > 0:08:28so I think we're going to need some more. So let's have a look around.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33Hoo-hoo! Do you think there might be enough grain here
0:08:33 > 0:08:34for a bowl of cereal?
0:08:34 > 0:08:36BOTH: Yes, Nina!
0:08:36 > 0:08:38Wow, a field of gold.
0:08:38 > 0:08:43But it would take ages to cut all of this barley just using scissors,
0:08:43 > 0:08:46so, come on, I want to show you some clever engineering.
0:08:46 > 0:08:49ENGINE RUMBLING
0:09:00 > 0:09:05- I am loving the loud engine noises! - That is way cool.
0:09:05 > 0:09:09This machine is called a combine harvester.
0:09:09 > 0:09:11A combine what, Nina?
0:09:11 > 0:09:13Combine harvester.
0:09:13 > 0:09:17Engineers invented it to make farmers' work quicker and easier.
0:09:17 > 0:09:22And when we cut cereals like barley and wheat, it is called harvesting.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24What does combine mean, Nina?
0:09:24 > 0:09:26It's called a combine harvester
0:09:26 > 0:09:29because it combines lots of jobs into one machine.
0:09:29 > 0:09:33Remember, we tapped, and rolled, and rubbed the barley?
0:09:33 > 0:09:37Well, this machine cuts the barley and does all of those jobs, too.
0:09:37 > 0:09:39Let me show you how it works.
0:09:41 > 0:09:44What does that thing at the front do?
0:09:44 > 0:09:47The big spinning roller holds the barley in place
0:09:47 > 0:09:50and a cutter harvests it, just like we did with scissors.
0:09:50 > 0:09:53What happens next, Nina?
0:09:53 > 0:09:55Inside the machine it bangs, rolls and rubs the barley
0:09:55 > 0:09:57to remove the coverings.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00Then the tasty grains come flying through a tube
0:10:00 > 0:10:02and a tractor collects them.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04What is that coming out the back, Nina?
0:10:04 > 0:10:07Well, Luke, this machine is so clever
0:10:07 > 0:10:10that it spits out the coverings and the parts that we can't eat.
0:10:10 > 0:10:12It's called straw.
0:10:12 > 0:10:15The farmer will gather it up into haystacks
0:10:15 > 0:10:18and straw can be used as food and bedding for animals.
0:10:18 > 0:10:22How does the machine know what to keep and what to throw out the back?
0:10:22 > 0:10:26What a great question! And this next experiment will help to explain.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28Let's get investigating.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31You guys are going to be combine harvesters
0:10:31 > 0:10:35and it is your job to sort out the grains from the straw,
0:10:35 > 0:10:37and the bits that we don't want.
0:10:40 > 0:10:42So here we've a big sieve,
0:10:42 > 0:10:47so let's try sieving this mixture and see what happens.
0:10:49 > 0:10:51That's it. Good.
0:11:00 > 0:11:01OK, stop rubbing!
0:11:03 > 0:11:06Oh, well done, guys. You were GREAT combine harvesters.
0:11:06 > 0:11:08So what has happened to the mixture?
0:11:08 > 0:11:12- The grains have come through the sieve.- Brilliant.
0:11:12 > 0:11:15This shows just how amazing combine harvesters are.
0:11:15 > 0:11:18They cut the barley, bang, roll and rub it
0:11:18 > 0:11:22and then sieve the mixture so the grains are collected for food
0:11:22 > 0:11:24and the coverings are sprinkled out onto the field.
0:11:24 > 0:11:28That's what I call clever engineering.
0:11:28 > 0:11:30Your question was,
0:11:30 > 0:11:33where does the cereal I have for my breakfast come from?
0:11:33 > 0:11:35And I think we've answered it.
0:11:35 > 0:11:38We discovered that breakfast cereal and lots of other foods
0:11:38 > 0:11:42are made from cereal grains, like barley and wheat.
0:11:42 > 0:11:43It can be quite tricky
0:11:43 > 0:11:46to separate the tasty grain from the covering around it
0:11:46 > 0:11:51so engineers made combine harvesters to do all those jobs for us.
0:11:51 > 0:11:55And the yummy grains are turned into foods like breakfast cereal,
0:11:55 > 0:11:59and pasta, and breads, and cakes. Woo-hoo-hoo!
0:11:59 > 0:12:01I'm getting hungry just thinking about it.
0:12:01 > 0:12:05- So I hope that's answered your question.- Thanks, Nina!
0:12:05 > 0:12:06You're welcome.
0:12:15 > 0:12:18If you want to know more about the science and engineering
0:12:18 > 0:12:22that's all around us, go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:22 > 0:12:23Have fun!
0:12:23 > 0:12:25- # Pulling.- Pushing. - Twisting.- Mixing.
0:12:25 > 0:12:30- # Drilling.- Squeezing.- Floating. - Go engineering
0:12:30 > 0:12:32# Go engineering!
0:12:32 > 0:12:35# When you need to fly it make it, shape it
0:12:37 > 0:12:42- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:12:42 > 0:12:44# When you want to build go engineering
0:12:44 > 0:12:46# Engineering!
0:12:46 > 0:12:50# When you've got to solve a problem but you don't know how to do it
0:12:50 > 0:12:53# It's time to go engineering
0:12:53 > 0:12:55# Engineering!
0:12:55 > 0:13:00# When you want to lift it stick it, pop it, bend it
0:13:00 > 0:13:03# It's time to go engineering
0:13:03 > 0:13:04# Engineering!
0:13:04 > 0:13:09- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:09 > 0:13:12# When you need to fly it make it, shape it
0:13:12 > 0:13:14# Engineering!
0:13:14 > 0:13:18- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:18 > 0:13:21# When you want to build go engineering
0:13:22 > 0:13:25# Go engineering! #
0:13:25 > 0:13:29- I have had a fabby day! - We got to taste cake!
0:13:29 > 0:13:32It has been a marvellous day -
0:13:32 > 0:13:35especially feeling the prickly wheat.
0:13:35 > 0:13:37Oh, I have had a brilliant day,
0:13:37 > 0:13:40hearing the big, loud combine harvester.
0:13:40 > 0:13:43And remember, engineers help to build the world around us.
0:13:43 > 0:13:46They make things work and use science to solve problems.
0:13:46 > 0:13:49See you again soon! Bye!
0:13:49 > 0:13:50ALL: Bye!
0:13:50 > 0:13:52Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd