0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:48- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh yeah! #
0:00:56 > 0:01:00SHE WHISTLES
0:01:00 > 0:01:03Hello there! I'm cleaning the workshop.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06Keeping things clean is very important.
0:01:06 > 0:01:08SHE WHISTLES, BEEPING
0:01:08 > 0:01:12I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:12 > 0:01:15BEEPING
0:01:17 > 0:01:22- Hi, Nina!- Hi, guys! - We've got a question for you.
0:01:22 > 0:01:25Where does poo go?
0:01:25 > 0:01:28That's a great question! Where does poo go?
0:01:28 > 0:01:31And it's such an important question too.
0:01:31 > 0:01:38- Come over and we'll investigate. - See you soon, Nina, bye!- Bye!
0:01:38 > 0:01:42I'll need help to answer this and I know just who to ask.
0:01:42 > 0:01:45OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:02 > 0:02:06OK. Today's question is, where does poo go?
0:02:06 > 0:02:10Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
0:02:10 > 0:02:13ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:13 > 0:02:16Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:16 > 0:02:19I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:19 > 0:02:21Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:21 > 0:02:26I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:28 > 0:02:30For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:30 > 0:02:33I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:33 > 0:02:35Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:35 > 0:02:37If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:37 > 0:02:41- my messages help your sense of smell. - Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:41 > 0:02:46Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:02:50 > 0:02:51It's Ollie!
0:02:51 > 0:02:53CHEERING
0:02:53 > 0:02:58ALL: Go, Ollie! Go, Ollie! Go, Ollie!
0:03:00 > 0:03:04Standing by to smell and tell, Nina.
0:03:04 > 0:03:07Today's question is, where does poo go?
0:03:07 > 0:03:12Poo can be whiffy, so Ollie, our smell Neuron, will be helping us.
0:03:12 > 0:03:16But, Neurons, I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.
0:03:16 > 0:03:19I must get the workshop ready before the engineers arrive.
0:03:21 > 0:03:25Felix likes superheroes. Alec loves birthdays.
0:03:25 > 0:03:29- Elia loves bouncy castles. - Poo disappears from the toilet.
0:03:29 > 0:03:35- It goes away when we flush the toilet.- We don't see it again.
0:03:35 > 0:03:39Today, for one day only, they are the engineers!
0:03:42 > 0:03:49- Hi, guys!- Hi, Nina.- Welcome and thanks for your great question.
0:03:49 > 0:03:54Where does poo go? To find out, let's start by using our senses!
0:03:54 > 0:03:58ALL: Whoop! Woo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!
0:03:58 > 0:04:01It's important that we all go to the toilet.
0:04:01 > 0:04:05We need to flush the poo away, because if we didn't,
0:04:05 > 0:04:07germs could build up and we might get ill.
0:04:07 > 0:04:11You should always wash your hands after going to the toilet, Nina.
0:04:11 > 0:04:13That's right, Ollie.
0:04:13 > 0:04:19- What happens when we flush the toilet?- Water takes it all away.
0:04:19 > 0:04:23That's right. The poo and all the dirty water gets washed down
0:04:23 > 0:04:27through this pipe at the back of the toilet.
0:04:27 > 0:04:31This leads to another pipe called a sewer.
0:04:31 > 0:04:36Whenever we flush the toilet or pull the plug out after having a bath,
0:04:36 > 0:04:40all the dirty water leaves our homes and goes into one big pipe.
0:04:40 > 0:04:44What? All our dirty water goes down the same sewer?
0:04:44 > 0:04:50- A sewer must be a very big pipe. - And smelly!
0:04:50 > 0:04:54It is a bit smelly, but don't worry, sewers are underground.
0:04:54 > 0:04:59Let's see what happens to the dirty water after it leaves our homes.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03We're pretending that this blue water
0:05:03 > 0:05:06is the dirty water from our homes.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09And I'd like it to be poured into this pretend sewer.
0:05:09 > 0:05:12Alec, can you pour it for me?
0:05:12 > 0:05:15Good pouring! Oh! Can you see what's happening?
0:05:15 > 0:05:20- It's going down underground. - That's right! It doesn't stay there.
0:05:20 > 0:05:25It then goes to this special place where they take the germs away
0:05:25 > 0:05:28and make the water clean again. Oh! But I can see a problem.
0:05:28 > 0:05:33- Do you know what it is? - How does the water get up there?
0:05:33 > 0:05:35Yes, the sewers are pipes under the ground,
0:05:35 > 0:05:39and the place that cleans the dirty water is above the ground.
0:05:39 > 0:05:44Engineers had to work out how to get the dirty water uphill.
0:05:44 > 0:05:49Elia, step up here. This is called a pump.
0:05:49 > 0:05:54It moves water from one place to the other. Let's see if it can help us.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58Can I ask you to push the pump down and up and down and up?
0:06:00 > 0:06:03That's it! What can you see happening?
0:06:03 > 0:06:05It's all going down there.
0:06:05 > 0:06:09The water has moved upwards! He-he-he!
0:06:09 > 0:06:12But when someone flushes their toilet,
0:06:12 > 0:06:15more water is going to flow into the sewer.
0:06:20 > 0:06:23Keep pumping! He-he!
0:06:28 > 0:06:32Elia, are you feeling tired?
0:06:32 > 0:06:36You can stop, but the pump has to work all the time
0:06:36 > 0:06:40to take all the dirty water from our homes away.
0:06:40 > 0:06:43As it does this for all the houses in our streets and towns,
0:06:43 > 0:06:45that's a lot of water to pump.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48I wonder if there's a way to keep a pump moving
0:06:48 > 0:06:51without having to push the handle?
0:06:51 > 0:06:54I know just the place where we can find out.
0:06:56 > 0:07:00Hmm, where you do you think we're going today?
0:07:00 > 0:07:03Nina says we'll be able to keep the pump moving
0:07:03 > 0:07:08without pushing the handle. We can sit back and relax.
0:07:08 > 0:07:12- But that's impossible! - We'll soon find out! We've arrived!
0:07:12 > 0:07:17We're here to answer your question, where does poo go?
0:07:17 > 0:07:19This is a pumping station and it's so big
0:07:19 > 0:07:23that it can move the dirty water for a whole city.
0:07:23 > 0:07:25Let's take a look around.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39Look at this!
0:07:46 > 0:07:48That's so big!
0:07:48 > 0:07:50Look at everything moving!
0:07:50 > 0:07:52WHISTLE BLOWS
0:07:52 > 0:07:56Moving and cleaning dirty water is very important.
0:07:56 > 0:08:01Before we had places like this, people went to the toilet in a pot
0:08:01 > 0:08:03and then had to empty it into the street!
0:08:03 > 0:08:08- Stinky! Stinky!- People must've got sick, Nina.
0:08:08 > 0:08:12Yes, they did. By working out how to move and clean water,
0:08:12 > 0:08:15engineers helped to save lots of lives.
0:08:15 > 0:08:20Wow, that's amazing. Engineers are so clever.
0:08:20 > 0:08:24They are, Luke, and this is how they move all that water.
0:08:24 > 0:08:29This is a giant pump, and it works just like the pump we used earlier.
0:08:29 > 0:08:33It moves dirty water up to be cleaned.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35But this pump is really big
0:08:35 > 0:08:39because it can move dirty water from a whole city!
0:08:39 > 0:08:44So, how do they keep this pump moving? It's too big for us to push.
0:08:44 > 0:08:46Is it a giant, Nina?
0:08:46 > 0:08:52No, Bud, it's not a giant. This is the largest steam pump in the world.
0:08:52 > 0:08:58Steam comes from hot water. It's the little clouds that rise in the air.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00We see it coming out of a kettle.
0:09:00 > 0:09:02Let's see where the steam comes from here.
0:09:04 > 0:09:06It's very hot in here, Nina.
0:09:06 > 0:09:11It is, isn't it? That's because this is like a giant kettle.
0:09:11 > 0:09:14It's heating up the water to make steam.
0:09:14 > 0:09:17But we must remember not to stand too close to it.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20Very wise, Nina. Hot water can burn you.
0:09:20 > 0:09:24This is how a giant steam pump works.
0:09:24 > 0:09:28This is where the water's heated to make the steam
0:09:28 > 0:09:31and then the steam can push the giant pump handle up and down
0:09:31 > 0:09:35all the time without stopping.
0:09:35 > 0:09:39But how does the steam keep moving the pump, Nina?
0:09:39 > 0:09:43Great question! Let's go back to my workshop to find out.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47So, you asked where does poo go?
0:09:47 > 0:09:50We've found out that when we flush the toilet,
0:09:50 > 0:09:54all the dirty water goes down into a big pipe called a sewer.
0:09:54 > 0:09:57Engineers invented pumps to move the water
0:09:57 > 0:10:00and these pumps can be powered by steam.
0:10:00 > 0:10:03But how does steam make the pump handle move?
0:10:03 > 0:10:05Let's get investigating!
0:10:05 > 0:10:10We're going to pretend this is a giant kettle.
0:10:10 > 0:10:15It'll heat the water just like we saw at the giant pump.
0:10:15 > 0:10:17The blue balloons are the water.
0:10:17 > 0:10:20Don't go near hot water or steam, but this is OK
0:10:20 > 0:10:23- because we're just pretending. - Very wise, Nina.
0:10:23 > 0:10:27So, let's turn on our pretend kettle.
0:10:27 > 0:10:29WHIRRING
0:10:29 > 0:10:33Oh! Ha-ha! What can you see happening?
0:10:33 > 0:10:37- The balloons are moving. - The balloons are moving!
0:10:37 > 0:10:41The blue balloons are doing what water does when it's heated.
0:10:41 > 0:10:47It moves around more. When it gets really hot, it becomes steam.
0:10:47 > 0:10:50- What's happening to the blue balloons?- They're jumping up.
0:10:50 > 0:10:54Yes, the water has become so hot it's turned into steam.
0:10:54 > 0:10:58And because steam moves around so much, it's able to push things up.
0:10:58 > 0:11:03This is what happens inside the giant pump.
0:11:03 > 0:11:07The steam moves around so much that it's able to push the pump handle
0:11:07 > 0:11:11up and down, and the steam can keep it moving all day long.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14I'll just stop that.
0:11:14 > 0:11:17It was a long time ago that engineers worked out
0:11:17 > 0:11:20that we can use steam to keep things working.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24It was used to power lots of things like trains, boats and factories.
0:11:24 > 0:11:29# Nina and the Neurons! #
0:11:29 > 0:11:32So, your question was, where does poo go?
0:11:32 > 0:11:34I think we've answered it.
0:11:34 > 0:11:38We discovered that poo has germs so it's important to flush it away.
0:11:38 > 0:11:40When we flush the toilet,
0:11:40 > 0:11:44all the dirty water goes down into a big pipe called a sewer.
0:11:44 > 0:11:48The dirty water then has to be moved from the underground sewer
0:11:48 > 0:11:52up to be cleaned. Engineers did this by inventing really big pumps
0:11:52 > 0:11:57and these can be kept moving by steam or by electricity.
0:11:57 > 0:12:02- I hope that's answered your question.- Thanks, Nina, bye.
0:12:02 > 0:12:04You're welcome, bye.
0:12:07 > 0:12:11If you want to know more about the science and engineering around us
0:12:11 > 0:12:15go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:15 > 0:12:17- # Pulling!- Pushing! - Twisting!- Mixing!
0:12:17 > 0:12:19- # Drilling!- Squeezing!- Floating!
0:12:19 > 0:12:24- # Go engineering! - Go engineering!
0:12:24 > 0:12:27# When we need to fly it make it, shape it
0:12:28 > 0:12:33- # Go engineering! - Go engineering!
0:12:33 > 0:12:37- # When we want to build Go engineering!- Engineering!
0:12:37 > 0:12:42# When you've got to solve a problem but you don't know how to do it
0:12:42 > 0:12:47- # It's time to go engineering! - Engineering!
0:12:47 > 0:12:51# When you want to lift it stick it, pop it, bend it
0:12:51 > 0:12:56- # It's time to go engineering! - Engineering!
0:12:56 > 0:13:01- # Go engineering! - Go engineering!
0:13:01 > 0:13:05- # When we need to fly it make it, shape it!- Engineering!
0:13:05 > 0:13:10- # Go engineering! - Go engineering!
0:13:10 > 0:13:14# When you want to build go engineering
0:13:14 > 0:13:17# Go engineering! #
0:13:17 > 0:13:18It's been a marvellous day,
0:13:18 > 0:13:23pushing the handle up and down to make the water move uphill!
0:13:23 > 0:13:26I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:26 > 0:13:29There were lots of different smells.
0:13:29 > 0:13:32Ah, it's been such a great day, man,
0:13:32 > 0:13:36seeing the old steam pump move all that water.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38Engineers help to build the world around us.
0:13:38 > 0:13:42They make things work and use science to solve problems.
0:13:42 > 0:13:45- See you soon, bye! - ALL: Bye!
0:13:45 > 0:13:48# Nina and the Neurons Go engineering! #