0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:18- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:18 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh yeah! #
0:00:56 > 0:00:59NINA MAKES CAR NOISES
0:00:59 > 0:01:02Oh, hello. I'm just experimenting with this car.
0:01:02 > 0:01:05And here comes the Nina-mobile.
0:01:05 > 0:01:09Can she make it round the corner without skidding? Yeah! Woo-hoo!
0:01:09 > 0:01:11The Nina-mobile has won!
0:01:11 > 0:01:16Ooh, I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:21 > 0:01:25- Hi, Nina.- Hi, guys. - We've got a question for you.
0:01:25 > 0:01:30- How does a car go round corners? - That's a great question.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32How does a car go round corners?
0:01:32 > 0:01:34Moving cars takes clever engineering.
0:01:34 > 0:01:38Come down to my workshop and we'll investigate.
0:01:38 > 0:01:41- See you soon, Nina. Bye!- Bye.
0:01:41 > 0:01:45Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:45 > 0:01:49and I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:04 > 0:02:06ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:06 > 0:02:11OK. Today's question is - how does a car go round corners?
0:02:11 > 0:02:15Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
0:02:15 > 0:02:18ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:18 > 0:02:20Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:20 > 0:02:24I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:24 > 0:02:26Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:26 > 0:02:31I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:31 > 0:02:32Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:32 > 0:02:35For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:35 > 0:02:38I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:38 > 0:02:39Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:39 > 0:02:42If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:42 > 0:02:46- my messages help your sense of smell. - Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:46 > 0:02:51Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:02:55 > 0:02:58It's Belle.
0:02:58 > 0:03:05ALL: Go, Belle. Go, Belle. Go, Belle. Go, Belle.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07Brilliant. I'm all ears, Nina.
0:03:07 > 0:03:11Today's question is - how does a car go round corners?
0:03:11 > 0:03:14Because cars can be noisy and loud,
0:03:14 > 0:03:17Belle, our hearing Neuron, will be helping us.
0:03:17 > 0:03:21But stand by, Neurons, I may need help from all of you.
0:03:21 > 0:03:25I need to get the workshop ready before the engineers arrive.
0:03:26 > 0:03:31Elliott likes pudding. Lewis loves playing with his action figures.
0:03:31 > 0:03:35I can make my toy car go round corners.
0:03:35 > 0:03:37I've seen my dad turn the steering wheel.
0:03:37 > 0:03:43So, today, for one day only, Lewis and Elliott become the engineers.
0:03:45 > 0:03:49- Hi, Lewis. Hi, Elliott. - BOTH: Hi, Nina.
0:03:49 > 0:03:54Welcome to my workshop and thanks for your great question,
0:03:54 > 0:03:55how does a car go round corners?
0:03:55 > 0:03:59To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:03:59 > 0:04:03ALL: Woo-woo! A senses experiment. We're ready, Nina.
0:04:03 > 0:04:06First, we'll have a look at these cars.
0:04:06 > 0:04:09Real cars have engines inside to make them move,
0:04:09 > 0:04:14but we'll be the engines for our cars, so let's get pushing.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18THEY MAKE CAR NOISES
0:04:18 > 0:04:25Brrrm! Come on, Neurons. ALL: Brrm! Vroom!
0:04:25 > 0:04:28Now let's give them a push and let go and tell me
0:04:28 > 0:04:30what direction the cars go in.
0:04:34 > 0:04:36- Hey.- They go straight.
0:04:36 > 0:04:43That's right, but what if the road changes direction like this?
0:04:44 > 0:04:49So here's the car going straight. Oh, dear, what should we do?
0:04:49 > 0:04:53- Turn round the corner.- That's right. To stay in the road,
0:04:53 > 0:04:56we need to be able to change the direction of the car.
0:04:56 > 0:04:59Now, let's have a look at the wheels.
0:04:59 > 0:05:02- So, what way are they pointing? - Forward.
0:05:02 > 0:05:06That's right, they're pointing forward
0:05:06 > 0:05:13- But if I just change that. What way are they pointing now?- Sideways.
0:05:13 > 0:05:16They're pointing that way, they're pointing left.
0:05:16 > 0:05:23So, Lewis, can I ask you to move the car and see what happens.
0:05:23 > 0:05:28All the way round the road. Push it all the way. Very good.
0:05:28 > 0:05:33And if I just change the wheels, what way are they pointing now?
0:05:33 > 0:05:35That way, Nina.
0:05:35 > 0:05:39That's right, they're pointing right.
0:05:39 > 0:05:43OK, Elliott, now try driving the car. Go, go, go.
0:05:43 > 0:05:48Push it all the way round. Brilliant.
0:05:48 > 0:05:51The car moves the same way the wheels are pointing.
0:05:51 > 0:05:55So, if the wheels are pointing left, the car goes to the left,
0:05:55 > 0:05:59and if the wheels are pointing right, the car goes to the right.
0:05:59 > 0:06:02If we want to turn the car and go round corners,
0:06:02 > 0:06:04we need to turn the wheels.
0:06:04 > 0:06:06Engineers call this steering
0:06:06 > 0:06:10and they invented a steering wheel to make it work.
0:06:10 > 0:06:14Wa-hey! I'm steering left and I'm steering right!
0:06:14 > 0:06:19- How does a steering wheel move the wheels, Nina?- Good question, Felix.
0:06:19 > 0:06:20To find out,
0:06:20 > 0:06:24we need to visit some of the most exciting cars in the world.
0:06:24 > 0:06:26Let's hit the road, engineers.
0:06:31 > 0:06:35Oh, goody, I love this bit. I wonder where Nina is taking us.
0:06:35 > 0:06:40Nina said we're visiting some of the best cars in the world.
0:06:40 > 0:06:42Maybe it's dodgem cars at the funfair!
0:06:42 > 0:06:47No funfair, but I do see a very special car.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50Your question was, how do cars go round corners?
0:06:50 > 0:06:54So far, I've discovered that engines make cars move and to move
0:06:54 > 0:06:58round corners, we need to change the way the wheels are pointing.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02Engineers call this steering and cars have a steering wheel.
0:07:02 > 0:07:04But how does a steering wheel work?
0:07:04 > 0:07:10We've come to see some amazing cars to find out. Take a look at this.
0:07:19 > 0:07:22Wow! What an amazing car!
0:07:40 > 0:07:47Thank you! This is an old-style racing car. What do you think of it?
0:07:47 > 0:07:48It's cool, Nina.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52Racing cars are powerful and noisy, as you could hear.
0:07:52 > 0:07:55- Did you see the wheels changing direction?- BOTH: Yes.
0:07:55 > 0:07:59That's because the driver was turning the steering wheel.
0:07:59 > 0:08:02Racing cars go round corners really fast,
0:08:02 > 0:08:06so engineers need to make sure they have the best possible steering.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10So let's go and have a look at some newer cars. This way.
0:08:10 > 0:08:14We're trying to find out how a car goes round corners
0:08:14 > 0:08:17and we just saw a driver turn a steering wheel to
0:08:17 > 0:08:20change the direction the wheels were pointing.
0:08:20 > 0:08:23But how does the steering wheel work?
0:08:23 > 0:08:26Let's get pedalling to investigate.
0:08:33 > 0:08:37OK, engineers, this is what you've got to do -
0:08:37 > 0:08:41turn your steering wheel the way I point my flag.
0:08:41 > 0:08:45- OK?- On your marks, get set, go!
0:09:06 > 0:09:08ALL: Come on, engineers!
0:09:11 > 0:09:14Good job, guys, you're nearly there.
0:09:18 > 0:09:25- Yay!- ALL: Hooray!- You're both great drivers and so good at steering.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28- How did it feel? - It was great fun, Nina.
0:09:28 > 0:09:31Let's have a look at the engineering of your steering.
0:09:31 > 0:09:37The engineering of the steering! That rhymes.
0:09:37 > 0:09:41This is how a steering wheel makes the wheels of a car turn.
0:09:41 > 0:09:47The steering wheel joins this rod here which moves the wheels.
0:09:47 > 0:09:52- They're joined together by a cog. - Cog, that's a nice word.
0:09:52 > 0:09:56Now, this is a model of a cog. Cogs are usually round
0:09:56 > 0:10:00and they have pointy bumps on the outside called teeth.
0:10:00 > 0:10:04The teeth on the cog fit onto the teeth on the rod that the
0:10:04 > 0:10:06wheels are connected to.
0:10:06 > 0:10:08When the steering wheel turns, the cog turns
0:10:08 > 0:10:14and when the cog turns, the wheel rod is moved left or right.
0:10:14 > 0:10:19And this makes the wheels move. It's very clever engineering.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22But how do the cogs change which way the wheels are pointing?
0:10:22 > 0:10:26I've got a great experiment we can try back at the workshop.
0:10:28 > 0:10:32Now this is a model of the bottom of a car.
0:10:32 > 0:10:36- What bits are the same as the cars we saw earlier?- The cogs.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38Yes, and the wheel rod.
0:10:38 > 0:10:42If we change the direction of the wheel rod,
0:10:42 > 0:10:45we change the direction of the wheels.
0:10:45 > 0:10:50- But, can you see if there's anything missing?- A steering wheel.
0:10:50 > 0:10:53Yes, and we need the steering wheel to change
0:10:53 > 0:10:56the direction of the wheels. I'll just attach it.
0:10:59 > 0:11:03Look, the steering wheel has a cog on the end.
0:11:03 > 0:11:07That's right, Luke, and the cog fits into teeth on the wheel rod.
0:11:07 > 0:11:11Now, why don't you try the steering wheel and tell me what happens.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13On you go, Elliott.
0:11:15 > 0:11:16Lovely, now Lewis.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24- This is like a real car. - What's the steering wheel doing?
0:11:24 > 0:11:27It's moving the wheels.
0:11:27 > 0:11:31Yes, the steering wheel is joined to the wheel rod by a cog.
0:11:31 > 0:11:34When we turn the steering wheel, the cog turns
0:11:34 > 0:11:37and moves the wheel rod left and right.
0:11:37 > 0:11:41It's this movement that changes the direction of the wheels.
0:11:41 > 0:11:44# Nina and the Neurons! #
0:11:44 > 0:11:48So, your question was, how does a car go round corners?
0:11:48 > 0:11:50I think we've answered it.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52We discovered that to go round corners,
0:11:52 > 0:11:55cars need to change the way their wheels point.
0:11:55 > 0:11:59Engineers invented a steering wheel which is joined to
0:11:59 > 0:12:02the wheels by a rod and a cog.
0:12:02 > 0:12:06This rod and cog turn when the steering wheel turns
0:12:06 > 0:12:09which moves the wheels in the same direction,
0:12:09 > 0:12:11pointing the car where we want it to go.
0:12:11 > 0:12:16- I hope that's answered your question.- BOTH: Thanks, Nina. Bye.
0:12:16 > 0:12:17You're welcome. Bye.
0:12:20 > 0:12:24If you want to know more about science and engineering,
0:12:24 > 0:12:29go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun.
0:12:29 > 0:12:31- # Pulling.- Pushing. - Twisting.- Mixing.
0:12:31 > 0:12:35- # Drilling.- Squeezing.- Floating. - Go engineering
0:12:35 > 0:12:37# Go engineering!
0:12:37 > 0:12:42# When you need to fly it make it, shape it
0:12:42 > 0:12:47- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:12:47 > 0:12:50# When you want to build go engineering
0:12:50 > 0:12:51# Engineering!
0:12:51 > 0:12:56# When you've got to solve a problem but you don't know how to do it
0:12:56 > 0:12:59# It's time to go engineering
0:12:59 > 0:13:00# Engineering!
0:13:00 > 0:13:05# When you want to lift it stick it, pop it, bend it
0:13:05 > 0:13:08# It's time to go engineering
0:13:08 > 0:13:09# Engineering!
0:13:09 > 0:13:14- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:14 > 0:13:17# When you need to fly it make it, shape it
0:13:17 > 0:13:19# Engineering!
0:13:19 > 0:13:23- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:23 > 0:13:27# When you want to build go engineering
0:13:27 > 0:13:31# Go engineering! #
0:13:31 > 0:13:39I've had a brilliant day hearing the car engine roar. Brrrm! Brrm!
0:13:39 > 0:13:45Ah, it's been such a great day, man. All that whizzing in go-karts.
0:13:45 > 0:13:50It's been a marvellous day, learning about cogs,
0:13:50 > 0:13:53rods and steering wheels. Super.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56Remember, engineers help build the world around us.
0:13:56 > 0:14:00They make things work and use science to solve problems.
0:14:00 > 0:14:03- See you again soon. Bye!- ALL: Bye!
0:14:04 > 0:14:07Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd