0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh yeah! #
0:00:56 > 0:01:00Oh, hello. I am looking forward to my nice cool drink.
0:01:00 > 0:01:04I wonder what will happen to my ice cube boat when I add the water.
0:01:07 > 0:01:12Ooooh... It's floating and lifting up!
0:01:14 > 0:01:16All that pouring is thirsty work.
0:01:23 > 0:01:26Oh, look, the boat has moved down again.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28Beep!
0:01:28 > 0:01:33I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:35 > 0:01:38- BOTH: Hi, Nina. - Hi, guys.
0:01:38 > 0:01:42We've got a question for you. How do boats get uphill?
0:01:42 > 0:01:45That's a great question. How do boats get uphill?
0:01:45 > 0:01:48Well, it takes some very clever engineering.
0:01:48 > 0:01:51Come down to my workshop to investigate.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54BOTH: See you soon, Nina, bye!
0:01:54 > 0:01:55Bye!
0:01:55 > 0:02:00I'll need help to answer this and I know just who to ask.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:17 > 0:02:20ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:20 > 0:02:24OK. Today's question is, how do boats get uphill?
0:02:24 > 0:02:28Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
0:02:28 > 0:02:31ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:31 > 0:02:34Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:34 > 0:02:38I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:40 > 0:02:44I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:46 > 0:02:48For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:48 > 0:02:51I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:51 > 0:02:53Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:53 > 0:02:55If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:55 > 0:02:59- my messages help your sense of smell. - Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:59 > 0:03:04Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:03:08 > 0:03:11It's Felix!
0:03:11 > 0:03:15ALL: Go Felix, go Felix, go Felix, go Felix!
0:03:15 > 0:03:18Go Felix, go Felix, go Felix!
0:03:18 > 0:03:23Marvellous! A little touch can mean so much, Nina.
0:03:23 > 0:03:26Today was my question is, how do boats get uphill?
0:03:26 > 0:03:29Since boats touch the water when they float,
0:03:29 > 0:03:32Felix, our touch Neuron, will be helping us.
0:03:32 > 0:03:35Stand by, Neurons, I may need help from all of you.
0:03:35 > 0:03:39I need to get the workshop ready before the engineers arrived.
0:03:40 > 0:03:45Rudy loves digging in the garden. Fraser's favourite colour is blue.
0:03:45 > 0:03:49- Cars can drive uphill. - I can jump uphill!
0:03:49 > 0:03:54Today, Fraser and Rudy become the engineers!
0:03:58 > 0:04:01- Hi, Rudy. Hi, Fraser. - BOTH: Hi, Nina.
0:04:01 > 0:04:05Welcome to my workshop. Thanks for your great question.
0:04:05 > 0:04:07How do boats get uphill?
0:04:07 > 0:04:10To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13NEURONS: Whoo-hoo, a senses experiment!
0:04:13 > 0:04:15We're ready, Nina.
0:04:15 > 0:04:17Boats can travel on rivers,
0:04:17 > 0:04:21but sometimes we want boats to travel where there isn't a river,
0:04:21 > 0:04:23and that is why engineers invented canals.
0:04:23 > 0:04:26Here is a picture of a canal.
0:04:26 > 0:04:28Here is a picture of a river.
0:04:28 > 0:04:31What is the difference between the canal and the river?
0:04:31 > 0:04:36Spot the difference, sounds like a job for me, Nina.
0:04:36 > 0:04:40- The canal is straight, but the river wiggles.- Well spotted!
0:04:40 > 0:04:44Rivers make their own way down over
0:04:44 > 0:04:47the hills and over the land in a wiggly line.
0:04:47 > 0:04:51Because engineers made canals, they are much straighter than rivers.
0:04:51 > 0:04:55Canals are a great way to carry people and things
0:04:55 > 0:04:56where they need to go.
0:04:56 > 0:05:00Let's have a look at our own canal over here.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02We will pretend that this long,
0:05:02 > 0:05:05straight piece of plastic is a mini canal.
0:05:05 > 0:05:07Let's have a play with our canal!
0:05:12 > 0:05:16That looks fun! Splish-splosh!
0:05:16 > 0:05:18Well done, engineers, that was great fun.
0:05:18 > 0:05:21A canal is like a road but for boats.
0:05:21 > 0:05:26Just like a road, canals sometimes need to go uphill.
0:05:26 > 0:05:29And here I have a hill.
0:05:29 > 0:05:33Let's see what happens if we lift our canal uphill.
0:05:38 > 0:05:42- Oh! What happened? - All the water went out.
0:05:42 > 0:05:46Can you try to float the boat up the hill along the water?
0:05:46 > 0:05:49Oooooh...
0:05:49 > 0:05:51Oh! What's the problem?
0:05:51 > 0:05:55- There is no water. - You are absolutely right.
0:05:55 > 0:05:58The problem is, when we tilt a canal uphill,
0:05:58 > 0:06:02all the water flows away and the boat can't move without any water.
0:06:02 > 0:06:04When engineers built canals,
0:06:04 > 0:06:07they had to think of a way to solve this problem.
0:06:07 > 0:06:11Let's go to a place where there's lots of things called canal locks
0:06:11 > 0:06:12to find out more.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19I wonder where Nina is taking us.
0:06:19 > 0:06:22Nina said we were going to see lots of locks.
0:06:22 > 0:06:25If there are lots of locks, there must be lots of doors.
0:06:25 > 0:06:29We will soon find out, Neurons. Here we are.
0:06:29 > 0:06:33OK, engineers, you asked how boats get uphill.
0:06:33 > 0:06:38I've brought you here to help answer the question. This is a canal.
0:06:38 > 0:06:40Can you see what is over there?
0:06:40 > 0:06:43The canal is going uphill.
0:06:43 > 0:06:46There are lots of steps with water in them.
0:06:46 > 0:06:48It looks like a big watery staircase.
0:06:48 > 0:06:51Those watery steps are called locks.
0:06:51 > 0:06:56I thought locks were for keeping doors shut, Nina.
0:06:56 > 0:07:00Good thinking, Belle. Canal locks have giant doors.
0:07:00 > 0:07:03We open them to let the water through and we close them
0:07:03 > 0:07:05to keep the water in.
0:07:05 > 0:07:07The best way to see how locks work is on a boat.
0:07:07 > 0:07:10Are you ready for a boat trip, engineers?
0:07:10 > 0:07:11BOTH: Yeah!
0:07:11 > 0:07:16- I can get there myself.- Can you?
0:07:16 > 0:07:21Whew! What a strange feeling. The water is moving below us.
0:07:21 > 0:07:24That's right, Felix. The boat is floating in the water.
0:07:24 > 0:07:26We need to be careful and hold on tight.
0:07:26 > 0:07:30Oh, dear, how are we going to get through those gates?
0:07:30 > 0:07:32That is the lock keeper.
0:07:53 > 0:07:55Thank you, lock keeper! Thank you!
0:07:55 > 0:07:59I'm glad we have made it through this first watery step, engineers.
0:07:59 > 0:08:02How are we going to get this boat uphill?
0:08:09 > 0:08:13Closing the gates behind us stops the water from running downhill.
0:08:13 > 0:08:16Now the lock keeper is going around the gates in front of us.
0:08:16 > 0:08:20Hold on tight, he is opening the bottom of the gates to let
0:08:20 > 0:08:23the water through from the step above.
0:08:24 > 0:08:25Can you feel it?
0:08:25 > 0:08:27We're lifting up!
0:08:30 > 0:08:33Listen to the water, bubbling and splashing!
0:08:33 > 0:08:36I just hope we don't get wet.
0:08:36 > 0:08:38Don't worry, Felix, we're stopped.
0:08:38 > 0:08:42See? We are at the same height as the water front of us now.
0:08:42 > 0:08:45- Yeah! - We have moved up the hill one step.
0:08:45 > 0:08:50- We have more steps to climb. Are you ready, engineers?- Yeah!
0:09:09 > 0:09:13Hold on tight, Neurons, I can feel the boat rising.
0:09:14 > 0:09:17The gate is opening again.
0:09:19 > 0:09:23The last gate has opened and we are ready to go.
0:09:32 > 0:09:37- Look how high up we have moved! - Just look at that!
0:09:37 > 0:09:41I think it is time to go back on dry land.
0:09:41 > 0:09:43That was brilliant!
0:09:43 > 0:09:48That was great fun! And we saw lots of exciting things.
0:09:48 > 0:09:50There were important things we couldn't see.
0:09:50 > 0:09:52Let me show you.
0:09:52 > 0:09:54This is where the water came through.
0:09:54 > 0:09:58It happened under the water so we couldn't see it.
0:09:58 > 0:10:02The gates let the water through and the gates can stop the water.
0:10:02 > 0:10:06Let's go back to my workshop to see how it works.
0:10:07 > 0:10:12Canal locks are how engineers change the water heights
0:10:12 > 0:10:16in the canal so the boats can move uphill step by step.
0:10:16 > 0:10:20To see exactly how it works, we have got a model of the canal locks.
0:10:20 > 0:10:25You can see the watery steps just like in a canal.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29Let's see if we can get this little boat uphill.
0:10:29 > 0:10:31Oh, but there is a gate in the way.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34- What do we need to do? - Open the gate.
0:10:34 > 0:10:36Yes, we need to open the gate.
0:10:36 > 0:10:40In a real canal, the bottom of the gate opens under the water
0:10:40 > 0:10:42so the water doesn't rush in too quickly.
0:10:42 > 0:10:48We can do the same here by unplugging the gate like this.
0:10:50 > 0:10:52Whoo! Whoo-hoo!
0:10:52 > 0:10:54Brilliant, and now open the gate.
0:10:56 > 0:10:59And, Rudy, can you push the boot through?
0:10:59 > 0:11:00Excellent!
0:11:00 > 0:11:04So our boat is in the first lock, but we want it to go up a step.
0:11:04 > 0:11:07What would happen if I open the gate above it?
0:11:07 > 0:11:09The water would run away.
0:11:09 > 0:11:12That's right, the water would all rush away.
0:11:12 > 0:11:17We need to keep the water in the lock by closing the gate behind us.
0:11:17 > 0:11:19Slip it in there.
0:11:19 > 0:11:23Now we need some water to float the boat up a step,
0:11:23 > 0:11:25so we are going to let it in slowly again.
0:11:30 > 0:11:33Hey, the boat is lifting up!
0:11:34 > 0:11:37And there is only one more thing we need to do to
0:11:37 > 0:11:40- to continue on our journey. - Open the gate?
0:11:40 > 0:11:44And, Fraser, do you want to push our boat through?
0:11:44 > 0:11:48- Wheee! Yippee!- Yay! Well done, engineers.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56So your question was, how do boats get uphill?
0:11:56 > 0:11:58I think we have answered it.
0:11:58 > 0:12:00We discovered that just like a road,
0:12:00 > 0:12:03canals sometimes need to go uphill.
0:12:03 > 0:12:06But if you tilt a canal uphill, all the water rushes away.
0:12:06 > 0:12:10Engineers solved this problem by keeping the water
0:12:10 > 0:12:12in steps called locks.
0:12:12 > 0:12:15The boat moves up through each lock one step at a time and,
0:12:15 > 0:12:17when the water is the same level,
0:12:17 > 0:12:20the boat moves forward, so it moves up the steps.
0:12:20 > 0:12:22I hope that has answered your question.
0:12:22 > 0:12:24BOTH: Thanks, Nina. Bye.
0:12:24 > 0:12:27You're welcome. Bye.
0:12:29 > 0:12:32If you want to know more about the science and engineering
0:12:32 > 0:12:36all around us, go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:36 > 0:12:37Have fun!
0:12:37 > 0:12:39- # Pulling.- Pushing - Twisting.- Mixing
0:12:39 > 0:12:43- # Drilling.- Squeezing.- Floating - Go engineering
0:12:43 > 0:12:46# Go engineering!
0:12:46 > 0:12:50# When you need to fly it Make it, shape it
0:12:50 > 0:12:55- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:12:55 > 0:12:58# When you want to build Go engineering
0:12:58 > 0:13:00# Engineering!
0:13:00 > 0:13:04# When you've got to solve a problem but you don't know how to do it
0:13:04 > 0:13:07# It's time to go engineering
0:13:07 > 0:13:09# Engineering!
0:13:09 > 0:13:13# When you want to lift it Stick it, pop it, bend it
0:13:13 > 0:13:17# It's time to go engineering
0:13:17 > 0:13:18# Engineering!
0:13:18 > 0:13:22- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:22 > 0:13:26# When you need to fly it Make it, shape it
0:13:26 > 0:13:27# Engineering!
0:13:27 > 0:13:32- # Go engineering - Go engineering!
0:13:32 > 0:13:36# When you want to build Go engineering
0:13:36 > 0:13:38# Go engineering! #
0:13:38 > 0:13:41It has been a marvellous day.
0:13:41 > 0:13:45I enjoyed feeling the boat lifting up with the water.
0:13:45 > 0:13:48I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:48 > 0:13:52A great day on the canal, so much to see and smell.
0:13:52 > 0:13:54Oh, I have had a brilliant day,
0:13:54 > 0:13:57hearing all that water splashing through the lock gates.
0:13:57 > 0:14:01Remember, engineers helped to build the world around us.
0:14:01 > 0:14:04They make things work and use science to solve problems.
0:14:04 > 0:14:06See you again soon. Bye!
0:14:06 > 0:14:08Neurons: Bye!
0:14:08 > 0:14:11Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd