0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:12# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:12 > 0:00:15# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19# Touch your tongue, tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20# Fingers, fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23# Eyes, eyes! Ears, ears! Nose, nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:33# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:33 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43# Touch your tongue, tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44# Fingers, fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:48# Eyes, eyes! Ears, ears! Nose, nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:00:58Oh, hello!
0:00:58 > 0:01:03This is my special notebook. It's got its very own padlock and key.
0:01:03 > 0:01:07I write my favourite experiments here and know they're safe.
0:01:07 > 0:01:09ALARM BEEPS
0:01:09 > 0:01:13I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.
0:01:20 > 0:01:22Hi, Nina!
0:01:22 > 0:01:23Hi, guys!
0:01:23 > 0:01:27We've got a question, how does a key open a lock?
0:01:27 > 0:01:30That's a great question, how does a key open a lock?
0:01:30 > 0:01:34A key's a useful invention as it means we can lock up
0:01:34 > 0:01:36our precious things and keep them safe.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39Come to my workshop and we'll check it out.
0:01:39 > 0:01:42See you soon, Nina. Bye.
0:01:42 > 0:01:44See you soon!
0:01:44 > 0:01:47Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:47 > 0:01:51and I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:07 > 0:02:09Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14OK, today's question is - how does a key open a lock?
0:02:14 > 0:02:18Which Neuron do you think'll be most useful in helping us?
0:02:18 > 0:02:22- Me!- Me!- Me!
0:02:22 > 0:02:24Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:24 > 0:02:28I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:28 > 0:02:30Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:30 > 0:02:32I send messages to brain from ear,
0:02:32 > 0:02:35if there's a sound I'll help you hear.
0:02:35 > 0:02:36Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:36 > 0:02:39For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:39 > 0:02:42I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:42 > 0:02:43Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:43 > 0:02:46If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:46 > 0:02:49my messages help your sense of smell.
0:02:49 > 0:02:50Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:50 > 0:02:55Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:02:59 > 0:03:01It's Belle!
0:03:01 > 0:03:03- Yes!- Go, Belle!
0:03:03 > 0:03:06Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle!
0:03:06 > 0:03:08Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle!
0:03:08 > 0:03:11Brilliant! I'm all ears, Nina.
0:03:11 > 0:03:15Today's question is - how does a key open a lock?
0:03:15 > 0:03:19Belle will help us today as we use our sense of hearing to listen
0:03:19 > 0:03:22for the click of the key turn in the lock.
0:03:22 > 0:03:25But, Felix, I might need help from you later.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27Felix is ready to feel and touch.
0:03:27 > 0:03:31I need to get the workshop ready for the inventors.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36Kye, Russell and Ella want to find out all about keys.
0:03:36 > 0:03:40Small keys, chunky keys, jingly, jangly, dangly keys.
0:03:40 > 0:03:42So today, for one day only,
0:03:42 > 0:03:46Kye, Russell and Ella become The Inventors!
0:03:48 > 0:03:49Hi, guys!
0:03:49 > 0:03:50Hi, Nina!
0:03:50 > 0:03:53Oh, come in, welcome to my workshop.
0:03:53 > 0:03:55It's lovely to see you all.
0:03:55 > 0:03:58Your question was - how does a key open a lock?
0:03:58 > 0:03:59Why?
0:03:59 > 0:04:02When we moved into our new house we had lots of keys.
0:04:02 > 0:04:06But we didn't know which opened the right door.
0:04:06 > 0:04:07It was a good game.
0:04:07 > 0:04:10Well, in that case, I think we should try it out.
0:04:10 > 0:04:14As you can see here, there are some boxes with locks on them.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18They all have a different key.
0:04:18 > 0:04:21So can you match up the key to the right lock?
0:04:21 > 0:04:24I'm going to pass the keys along, that's great.
0:04:24 > 0:04:27We don't know which key goes in which lock!
0:04:27 > 0:04:30OK, guys. Ready, steady, go!
0:04:31 > 0:04:33Oh, is it going to work?
0:04:33 > 0:04:34Has anyone got...
0:04:34 > 0:04:36Oh! Kye got one open!
0:04:36 > 0:04:40Well done, so that's the right key with the lock there.
0:04:40 > 0:04:43How we getting on over here? Oh, my goodness.
0:04:43 > 0:04:45Yay! OK, so we've got two keys.
0:04:45 > 0:04:46Yay!
0:04:46 > 0:04:50That means this one should open as well. What a good job, guys.
0:04:50 > 0:04:55If you hear a click as you turn the key, you've opened the lock.
0:04:55 > 0:04:57That's why you need your hearing neuron.
0:04:57 > 0:05:01So we now know that a key opens and closes a lock.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03But, how does it do it?
0:05:03 > 0:05:06We need to get inside for a closer look!
0:05:06 > 0:05:08Now here's a much bigger lock.
0:05:08 > 0:05:10And if I turn it round...
0:05:12 > 0:05:16..that's what the inside of a lock looks like.
0:05:17 > 0:05:20Here's the hole, where the key goes through.
0:05:20 > 0:05:22And there's the bolt.
0:05:22 > 0:05:26Now can you see all those lines round there, yeah?
0:05:26 > 0:05:29Those are called grooves.
0:05:29 > 0:05:31Have a look at this key here.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34It's got lots of corners and jaggy bits.
0:05:34 > 0:05:37Yeah, and you see those sticky out bits in the middle?
0:05:37 > 0:05:39Those are called teeth.
0:05:39 > 0:05:44Let's see what happens when we put this key inside the lock.
0:05:44 > 0:05:46If you look really closely,
0:05:46 > 0:05:50you can see that the little teeth on the key fit perfectly
0:05:50 > 0:05:55with the grooves, so it allows us to turn the key right round.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58And we can open it.
0:05:58 > 0:06:00Isn't that fab?
0:06:01 > 0:06:05But you know, this lock is actually pretty small.
0:06:05 > 0:06:09I know something much bigger that uses the same science.
0:06:09 > 0:06:14- Would you like to go and see another invention in action?!- Yes!- Let's go!
0:06:19 > 0:06:22Oh, I wonder where we're going today.
0:06:22 > 0:06:25I LOVE seeing the big inventions.
0:06:25 > 0:06:28What uses the same science as a lock and key?
0:06:28 > 0:06:31I'm not really sure, Belle.
0:06:31 > 0:06:34Well, I think we're about to find out, guys!
0:06:35 > 0:06:37This is a door into a bank vault.
0:06:37 > 0:06:41Now a vault is a very secure room with big, thick walls.
0:06:41 > 0:06:44Why does the door have two key holes, Nina?
0:06:44 > 0:06:49Normally, two people have a key each and they both need to open it.
0:06:49 > 0:06:50What's the big wheel for?
0:06:50 > 0:06:55Oh, this wheel has a very important job, in fact in order to show you,
0:06:55 > 0:06:57I think we need to open the door.
0:07:04 > 0:07:05Oh!
0:07:07 > 0:07:09THEY GASP
0:07:09 > 0:07:11Look at all that treasure!
0:07:11 > 0:07:15Oh, and look at these. Oh, these bolts look just like the bolts
0:07:15 > 0:07:17we saw on the lock in my workshop.
0:07:17 > 0:07:21Only they're much bigger and because they're so big and heavy
0:07:21 > 0:07:25the only way to move them is by turning this wheel.
0:07:25 > 0:07:27So why don't you have a go?
0:07:29 > 0:07:33Oh, brilliant! Well done, and can you put them back in?
0:07:34 > 0:07:36And you can only turn the wheel
0:07:36 > 0:07:40when both of the keys are being used to unlock the door.
0:07:40 > 0:07:42We know lots about locks now,
0:07:42 > 0:07:46so I think we should try to create our own lock.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49Come on, Inventors, let's go back to the workshop.
0:07:49 > 0:07:51Oh, better lock this first.
0:07:52 > 0:07:56Locks and keys are very useful for keeping things safe.
0:07:56 > 0:07:58But who invented them?
0:07:58 > 0:08:01Listen to me, everyone, I can tell you.
0:08:03 > 0:08:08Well, people have been trying to lock things away for a long, long time.
0:08:08 > 0:08:14In fact, the first ever lock was invented by the Egyptians
0:08:14 > 0:08:16over 4,000 years ago!
0:08:16 > 0:08:20They were so worried about all the precious things
0:08:20 > 0:08:25they put into the pyramids that they invented the first ever lock.
0:08:26 > 0:08:30And nobody could enter the pyramids without a key. Perfect!
0:08:34 > 0:08:38We've seen some huge locks and keys at the bank vault
0:08:38 > 0:08:43but we should answer your question - how does a key open a lock?
0:08:43 > 0:08:47We've found out that there's a special pattern of teeth on a key
0:08:47 > 0:08:50and inside a lock there's also a special pattern.
0:08:50 > 0:08:53Why doesn't every key work on every lock?
0:08:53 > 0:08:54Great question!
0:08:54 > 0:08:57We need to get inventing to find out!
0:08:57 > 0:09:02So the first thing we're going to do is cut out our shapes.
0:09:02 > 0:09:03So, off we go!
0:09:08 > 0:09:11Staying in the line, very good.
0:09:11 > 0:09:15Be very careful with scissors, they can be very sharp.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28There we go. Now what we're going to do
0:09:28 > 0:09:31is to stick our shapes onto the cardboard.
0:09:35 > 0:09:39Make sure you're happy that it's nice and straight.
0:09:39 > 0:09:41Stick some glue on there.
0:09:45 > 0:09:46Oh, excellent.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49OK, now we're going to cut these out.
0:09:57 > 0:10:01To make the door handles, gently pop through, there we go.
0:10:01 > 0:10:04That's beautiful, and then give it a wee squeeze.
0:10:04 > 0:10:07Very good. That's it.
0:10:07 > 0:10:11Now we need to make the actual handle which will be some string.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14So, if you face the door up the way,
0:10:14 > 0:10:18then take the other end of the string and pop it through there.
0:10:18 > 0:10:20Turn it over and just tie a knot,
0:10:20 > 0:10:23so that the door handle won't fall off.
0:10:24 > 0:10:26Now that really does look fiddly.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28Absolutely perfect!
0:10:28 > 0:10:32So now we need to stick the door in place.
0:10:32 > 0:10:34So I take a couple of pieces of sticky tape
0:10:34 > 0:10:38and we're going to make it like a hinge so just down one side.
0:10:38 > 0:10:41Down the straight side of the door.
0:10:41 > 0:10:42And stick it like that.
0:10:42 > 0:10:46Now we need to fix the key wheel in position.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50And take one.
0:10:52 > 0:10:56And separate them. Now be careful cos they're a bit pointy at the end.
0:10:56 > 0:11:00Now I think, Inventors, we are ready to try our lock.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02OK, so take your door handle,
0:11:02 > 0:11:04and try and open the door.
0:11:05 > 0:11:06Oh!
0:11:06 > 0:11:09Oh, no, that's funny - the door's not opening.
0:11:09 > 0:11:13It's because the teeth and the key don't match.
0:11:13 > 0:11:17Oh, let me just try moving the key wheel round to there.
0:11:17 > 0:11:19Do you think it'll match now?
0:11:19 > 0:11:20No.
0:11:20 > 0:11:21OK.
0:11:21 > 0:11:25How about if I move it right round to there?
0:11:25 > 0:11:26Yes!
0:11:26 > 0:11:29Hey! The key finally fits the lock.
0:11:29 > 0:11:34So, the door won't open unless the shape of the key wheel lines up
0:11:34 > 0:11:37completely with the shape of the door.
0:11:37 > 0:11:40Keys work in the same way. Each key and each lock
0:11:40 > 0:11:45has a different pattern and they have to fit together exactly
0:11:45 > 0:11:47so the key can turn and the door can open.
0:11:53 > 0:11:57OK, so your question was - how does a key open a lock?
0:11:57 > 0:12:00I think we've answered it. We looked inside a lock
0:12:00 > 0:12:03and found there's a special pattern of grooves
0:12:03 > 0:12:06on a round piece of metal called the tumbler.
0:12:06 > 0:12:10And there's also a special pattern on a key called the teeth.
0:12:10 > 0:12:15When you use the correct key and lock, the patterns should fit
0:12:15 > 0:12:19together exactly so you can turn the key and open or close the door.
0:12:19 > 0:12:23That's how a lock works. Thank you for coming to my workshop.
0:12:23 > 0:12:25Thanks, Nina. Bye!
0:12:25 > 0:12:27Bye! See you soon!
0:12:31 > 0:12:34If you want to make today's invention,
0:12:34 > 0:12:37visit the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:37 > 0:12:40That'll give you all the instructions you need.
0:12:40 > 0:12:44Or, you may have other ideas of what you want to invent.
0:12:44 > 0:12:46- Bikes!- Trains!- Binoculars!
0:12:46 > 0:12:50- Televisions!- Speakers!- And cars!
0:12:50 > 0:12:53# We all love inventing!
0:12:53 > 0:12:56# Woah-oh-oh-oh-oh! Go inventing!
0:12:56 > 0:12:58# We all love inventing
0:12:58 > 0:13:01# Why don't you try it too?
0:13:01 > 0:13:04# Inventions make life easier
0:13:04 > 0:13:06# And help us get things done!
0:13:06 > 0:13:08# Go inventing!
0:13:08 > 0:13:11# I always like to take a look
0:13:11 > 0:13:13# At how they work and run!
0:13:13 > 0:13:14# Go inventing!
0:13:14 > 0:13:16# We all love inventing
0:13:16 > 0:13:20# Woah-oh-oh-oh-oh! Go inventing!
0:13:20 > 0:13:23# We all love inventing
0:13:23 > 0:13:25# Why don't you try it too? #
0:13:26 > 0:13:27I've had a brilliant day.
0:13:27 > 0:13:31I loved hearing the click sound of all those keys turning.
0:13:31 > 0:13:34It's been a marvellous day.
0:13:34 > 0:13:37It was fascinating when Nina looked inside the lock.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40I've had a fabby day!
0:13:40 > 0:13:43I loved seeing that big door of the bank vault.
0:13:43 > 0:13:46It was the heaviest door I've ever seen!
0:13:46 > 0:13:49I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:49 > 0:13:53I thought the lock Nina and the Inventors made was fantastic.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56Our day's been bursting with inventions.
0:13:56 > 0:13:58I hope you've enjoyed it.
0:13:58 > 0:14:00- See you again soon, bye!- Bye!