0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:12# Ask Nina for some help cos she's got a science show
0:00:12 > 0:00:15# She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue- Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers- Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:24- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:24 > 0:00:27# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:27 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:33# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:33 > 0:00:36# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:36 > 0:00:39# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:39 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue- Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers- Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:48- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:56 > 0:00:58He-he-he! Oh, hello.
0:00:58 > 0:01:00I'm just having some fun with this mirror.
0:01:00 > 0:01:03Now you see it...
0:01:03 > 0:01:05Now you don't.
0:01:05 > 0:01:06Ha-ha!
0:01:06 > 0:01:08BLEEPING
0:01:08 > 0:01:12I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:15 > 0:01:17ALL: Hi, Nina!
0:01:17 > 0:01:19Hi, guys!
0:01:19 > 0:01:21We've got a question for you.
0:01:21 > 0:01:24Why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?
0:01:24 > 0:01:26That's a great question -
0:01:26 > 0:01:29Why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?
0:01:29 > 0:01:31That happens to me, too.
0:01:31 > 0:01:35Why don't you come down to the lab and we'll investigate?
0:01:35 > 0:01:38ALL: See you soon, Nina! Bye!
0:01:38 > 0:01:39Bye!
0:01:39 > 0:01:42I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:42 > 0:01:44and I know just who to ask.
0:01:44 > 0:01:46OK, Neurons! Time to get to work.
0:02:03 > 0:02:05ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:06 > 0:02:08OK. Today's question is,
0:02:08 > 0:02:11"Why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?"
0:02:11 > 0:02:14Which Neuron will help find the answer?
0:02:14 > 0:02:17ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:17 > 0:02:20Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:20 > 0:02:23I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:23 > 0:02:25Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:25 > 0:02:30I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:32 > 0:02:35For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:35 > 0:02:39- I'll help you with your sense of sight.- Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:39 > 0:02:42If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:42 > 0:02:46- my messages help your sense of smell. - Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:46 > 0:02:50Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy when you eat!
0:02:54 > 0:02:56- It's Luke!- Yes!
0:02:56 > 0:02:57CHEERING
0:02:57 > 0:03:00NEURONS: Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:00 > 0:03:03Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:03 > 0:03:04Go, Luke!
0:03:04 > 0:03:08Cool, Nina. I'll be looking out to help ya!
0:03:08 > 0:03:10Today's question is,
0:03:10 > 0:03:13"Why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?"
0:03:13 > 0:03:17To see the mirror steaming up, we use our sense of sight.
0:03:17 > 0:03:21Luke is helping, but, stand by, Neurons - I may need all your help.
0:03:21 > 0:03:26Right, I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
0:03:28 > 0:03:33Anna likes ballet, Arman loves football and Finn likes camping.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36But they all want to know why mirrors steams up,
0:03:36 > 0:03:39so, for one day only, Anna, Arman and Finn become
0:03:39 > 0:03:41The Experimenters!
0:03:43 > 0:03:44Hi, guys!
0:03:44 > 0:03:45ALL: Hi, Nina!
0:03:45 > 0:03:47Welcome to my lab.
0:03:48 > 0:03:51It's lovely to see you all.
0:03:51 > 0:03:54You asked, "Why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?"
0:03:54 > 0:03:56Why do you want to know?
0:03:56 > 0:04:00Because whenever our mum and dad run a bath, the mirror steams up.
0:04:00 > 0:04:02And we want to know why.
0:04:02 > 0:04:06A great question. For our first experiment, we'll use our senses.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10ALL: Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment!
0:04:10 > 0:04:11We're ready, Nina!
0:04:11 > 0:04:13We've each got a mirror
0:04:13 > 0:04:17and now we're going to touch it to see how it feels.
0:04:17 > 0:04:19How does it feel?
0:04:19 > 0:04:23- cold.- It feels really dry. - That's right.
0:04:23 > 0:04:27The mirrors are dry and cold. Can you see your faces in the mirror?
0:04:27 > 0:04:29Yeah.
0:04:29 > 0:04:33We can see our faces in the mirror because they're not steamed up.
0:04:33 > 0:04:35How can we make the mirror steam up?
0:04:35 > 0:04:37I know! I know!
0:04:37 > 0:04:42- Breathe on them.- You just open your mouth and go...
0:04:43 > 0:04:45Let's try breathing on the mirrors.
0:04:50 > 0:04:53- What can you see on the mirror? - It's gone white.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56Yeah, white, misty patches.
0:04:56 > 0:05:00Let's touch the mirrors, see how they feel now.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03The mirror feels cold and damp.
0:05:03 > 0:05:07- It feels really wet.- That's because the white mist on the mirror
0:05:07 > 0:05:12is made of tiny droplets of water. We need to do another experiment.
0:05:14 > 0:05:19I'll be handling some hot things so I'm wearing my heatproof glove.
0:05:19 > 0:05:24That's right. Nina's been specially trained to do this.
0:05:24 > 0:05:28It's important not to touch hot things as they could hurt you.
0:05:28 > 0:05:31What do you think is in this beaker here?
0:05:31 > 0:05:36- Water.- Yes! Hot water. And do you know what ice is made from?
0:05:36 > 0:05:38Me! I know! I know!
0:05:38 > 0:05:40- ALL: Water.- Yes!
0:05:40 > 0:05:43Oh! They beat me to it!
0:05:43 > 0:05:49Ice is made by freezing water until it's hard, or solid.
0:05:49 > 0:05:51So water can be liquid or a solid.
0:05:51 > 0:05:55But water can be something else too. Watch this.
0:06:03 > 0:06:07I'll use this torch so we can see inside the beaker.
0:06:09 > 0:06:13Look! There's white mist inside Nina's beaker.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16I can see swirly white stuff.
0:06:16 > 0:06:20That's right. As well as being a solid or a liquid,
0:06:20 > 0:06:23water can also become what we call a gas.
0:06:23 > 0:06:28Most gases are invisible, like the air around us,
0:06:28 > 0:06:30and water gas is invisible too.
0:06:30 > 0:06:34But when it cools down, it changes back into tiny droplets of water
0:06:34 > 0:06:37like the white mist in the beaker.
0:06:38 > 0:06:45So water is very useful because it can be a liquid, a solid or a gas.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48In fact, to show you just how useful water is,
0:06:48 > 0:06:52let's go and visit somewhere where there's lots of water!
0:06:56 > 0:07:02Oh, goody! I love this bit. I wonder where Nina is taking us.
0:07:02 > 0:07:05Nina said it's somewhere with lots of water.
0:07:05 > 0:07:10- I hope it's the seaside and they go paddling!- Doesn't smell like the sea.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35What is this type of boat called?
0:07:35 > 0:07:38- ALL: Steamboat!- That's right!
0:07:38 > 0:07:42A steamboat, or a steam yacht to be exact.
0:07:42 > 0:07:47But I don't see any sails to catch the wind, and no-one's rowing,
0:07:47 > 0:07:49so what do you think is making this boat move?
0:07:49 > 0:07:51I know, Nina!
0:07:51 > 0:07:52Yes, Bud?
0:07:52 > 0:07:54Is it steam?
0:07:54 > 0:07:57Yes, well done, Bud, it IS steam!
0:07:57 > 0:08:02Steam is making this boat move along, but how is it doing it?
0:08:02 > 0:08:03TOOT! TOOT!
0:08:03 > 0:08:06What a brilliant noise from the funnel!
0:08:06 > 0:08:11Now, what can you see coming out of the boat's funnel?
0:08:11 > 0:08:16- Steam!- That's right - steam. But where is it coming from?
0:08:16 > 0:08:19I think we need to find out. Let's go!
0:08:28 > 0:08:32Euch. It smells a bit oily and smoky.
0:08:32 > 0:08:35Phew! It's suddenly very hot!
0:08:35 > 0:08:38This is the boiler room.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41The boiler is a bit like a kettle -
0:08:41 > 0:08:46it heats water till it's very hot. What happens when a kettle boils?
0:08:46 > 0:08:48Steam comes out of it.
0:08:48 > 0:08:53Yes! Really hot steam comes out of it - so stay away from kettles.
0:08:53 > 0:08:55The boiler does the same thing.
0:08:55 > 0:09:01Liquid water is heated up so much it turns into a water gas called steam.
0:09:01 > 0:09:06The hot steam pushes those metal things called pistons.
0:09:06 > 0:09:12The pistons then make the boat's propeller turn in the water
0:09:12 > 0:09:16- and that makes the boat move forward. It's a clever boat!- Yes!
0:09:16 > 0:09:19It's time for one final experiment.
0:09:21 > 0:09:25Your question was, why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?
0:09:25 > 0:09:31We've found out that water can be a runny liquid, a hard solid like ice,
0:09:31 > 0:09:33or a gas like steam.
0:09:33 > 0:09:38When the bathroom mirror gets steamed up, it gets water on it,
0:09:38 > 0:09:41but where does the water come from? Let's get experimenting!
0:09:41 > 0:09:47You'll be using hot water so you're wearing your heatproof gloves.
0:09:47 > 0:09:51It's important not to touch hot water as it could burn you.
0:09:51 > 0:09:56These mirrors have been kept nice and cool for this experiment.
0:09:56 > 0:09:58What do you notice about the beakers?
0:09:58 > 0:10:00Steam coming from the top of it.
0:10:00 > 0:10:06The water in the beakers is hot enough to turn into water gas
0:10:06 > 0:10:09so please be very careful. What are your mirrors like?
0:10:09 > 0:10:14- Can you see your faces in them? - Yes.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18Even though the mirrors are near the steaming beakers of hot water,
0:10:18 > 0:10:21they're not steaming up.
0:10:21 > 0:10:26- OK, where do you usually find a bath?- In a bathroom.
0:10:26 > 0:10:30That's right, in a bathroom. Now, let's imagine
0:10:30 > 0:10:34that the boxes in front of you are your bathrooms at home
0:10:34 > 0:10:38and the beaker of hot water is your bath. Carefully lift the box
0:10:38 > 0:10:42and put it over the top of the mirror and the beaker. Excellent!
0:10:42 > 0:10:48OK, so what can you see happening inside your pretend bathrooms?
0:10:48 > 0:10:52- The mirrors are steaming up.- That's right. The hot water in the beaker
0:10:52 > 0:10:57has turned into water gas that's rising up and filling up the box.
0:10:57 > 0:10:59This is what happens in our bathrooms -
0:10:59 > 0:11:04water gas, or steam, comes off the hot water from your bath
0:11:04 > 0:11:08and fills up the bathroom. If the door is closed, it can't escape.
0:11:08 > 0:11:13Let's take the boxes, carefully, back off again.
0:11:13 > 0:11:16Good...
0:11:16 > 0:11:19Ooh! That mirror looks mighty steamed up to me!
0:11:19 > 0:11:23- What's happened to the mirror? - It's steamed up.
0:11:23 > 0:11:27- So you can't see your faces in them, can you?- No.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30The hot water gas was trapped inside the box
0:11:30 > 0:11:34and, when it touched the cold mirror, it cooled down
0:11:34 > 0:11:38and turned back into liquid water. And these tiny droplets of water
0:11:38 > 0:11:40made the mirror go misty white.
0:11:45 > 0:11:49Your question was, why does the mirror steam up when we have a bath?
0:11:49 > 0:11:52And I think we've answered it.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55We found out that when the bathroom mirror gets steamed up,
0:11:55 > 0:11:58it gets lots of tiny droplets of water on it.
0:11:58 > 0:12:04On the steamboat, we discovered that when water is heated up enough,
0:12:04 > 0:12:07it turns into a water gas called steam.
0:12:07 > 0:12:12Our final experiment showed us that when hot steam from bath water
0:12:12 > 0:12:17touches a cold mirror, it cools down and turns back into liquid water,
0:12:17 > 0:12:20steaming up the mirror with lots of tiny droplets of water.
0:12:20 > 0:12:25- I hope that answered your question. - ALL: Thanks, Nina, bye!
0:12:25 > 0:12:27Bye!
0:12:30 > 0:12:34If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:34 > 0:12:37go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:41 > 0:12:44- Lab coat on, Nina. - Lab coat on, Ollie.
0:12:44 > 0:12:48- Safety gloves on, Nina. - Safety gloved on, Felix.
0:12:48 > 0:12:51And don't forget your goggles, Nina.
0:12:51 > 0:12:52Goggles are on, Luke.
0:12:52 > 0:12:54I think we're ready!
0:12:56 > 0:12:58# We do experiments in the lab
0:12:58 > 0:13:01# In the lab Shooby-dooby, in the lab
0:13:01 > 0:13:04# Bubbling experiments in the lab
0:13:04 > 0:13:07- # In the lab! - Go, Nina! In the lab!
0:13:07 > 0:13:10# Fizzing and popping Steam and smoke
0:13:10 > 0:13:13# We need protection, don't we?
0:13:13 > 0:13:18# We always put our safety first
0:13:18 > 0:13:20# Shooby dooby, dooby, dooby
0:13:20 > 0:13:24- # We do experiments in the lab - Go, Nina... #
0:13:24 > 0:13:26I've had a fabby day!
0:13:26 > 0:13:32Especially when they steamed up the mirror with their breath!
0:13:32 > 0:13:35It's been such a great day, man!
0:13:35 > 0:13:39Watching all these amazing steamy experiments.
0:13:39 > 0:13:43I've had a brilliant day! Hearing that whistling funnel -
0:13:43 > 0:13:45it was really loud!
0:13:45 > 0:13:48I really enjoyed myself today.
0:13:48 > 0:13:51Though the boiler room was a bit hot and smelly.
0:13:51 > 0:13:56It's been a marvellous day, helping Nina to stay safe.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59Our day's been bursting with sensational experiments!
0:13:59 > 0:14:02I hope you've enjoyed it. See you soon! Bye!
0:14:02 > 0:14:04ALL: Bye!