0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:15# She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans
0:00:15 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue- Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers- Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:24- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:24 > 0:00:27# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:27 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:33# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:33 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents and Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue- Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers- Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:48- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:48 > 0:00:51# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:51 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:55# Oh, yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:00:58NINA HUMS TO HERSELF
0:00:58 > 0:01:00Oh, hello!
0:01:00 > 0:01:04Sorry! I've lost a pen and I think I've left it in this lab coat.
0:01:04 > 0:01:07Oh! Oh, no. A burn mark.
0:01:07 > 0:01:11Oh, no! I must have done it when I was ironing last week.
0:01:11 > 0:01:13It's left a big, brown mark. Silly me!
0:01:13 > 0:01:15BLEEPING
0:01:15 > 0:01:19I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:22 > 0:01:23BOTH: Hi, Nina!
0:01:23 > 0:01:25Hi, guys!
0:01:25 > 0:01:29- We've got a question.- Why does toast go black when it burns?
0:01:29 > 0:01:31That's a great question!
0:01:31 > 0:01:34Why does toast go black when it burns?
0:01:34 > 0:01:37Come to my lab. We'll do experiments to investigate.
0:01:37 > 0:01:41- BOTH: See you soon, Nina! Bye!- Bye!
0:01:41 > 0:01:45I'm going to need some help and I know just who to ask.
0:01:45 > 0:01:48OK, Neurons. Time to get to work.
0:02:04 > 0:02:06Neurons at the ready, Nina!
0:02:07 > 0:02:11OK, today's question is, why does toast go black when it burns?
0:02:11 > 0:02:15Which neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us?
0:02:15 > 0:02:18ALL: Me!
0:02:18 > 0:02:21Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:21 > 0:02:25I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:25 > 0:02:29- Will it be beautiful Belle? - I send messages to brain from ear,
0:02:29 > 0:02:32if there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:32 > 0:02:33Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:33 > 0:02:36Looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:36 > 0:02:38I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:40 > 0:02:43If it's pongy or whiffy, but you can't tell,
0:02:43 > 0:02:47- my messages help your sense of smell.- Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:47 > 0:02:51Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy, whenever you eat.
0:02:51 > 0:02:54BLEEPING
0:02:55 > 0:02:56It's Bud and Ollie!
0:02:56 > 0:02:58CHEERING
0:02:58 > 0:03:02NEURONS: Go, Bud, go Ollie! Go, Bud, go, Ollie!
0:03:02 > 0:03:04Go, Bud, go, Ollie!
0:03:04 > 0:03:05Go, Bud!
0:03:05 > 0:03:06Yippee!
0:03:06 > 0:03:08It's you and me, sis!
0:03:08 > 0:03:11Stand by for a taste and smell-a-thon!
0:03:11 > 0:03:15Today's question is, why does toast go black when it burns?
0:03:15 > 0:03:18We use our sense of taste to eat toast
0:03:18 > 0:03:21and our sense of smell to smell when it's burning!
0:03:21 > 0:03:25So, Bud and Ollie will be helping. But stand by, Neurons,
0:03:25 > 0:03:26I may need help from you all.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30I need to get the lab ready for the experimenters.
0:03:32 > 0:03:37Morgan loves chocolate brownies. His friend Cameron loves to swim.
0:03:37 > 0:03:41They want to know about burnt toast, so today, for one day only,
0:03:41 > 0:03:44Morgan and Cameron become The Experimenters!
0:03:48 > 0:03:50- Hi, guys! - BOTH: Hi, Nina!
0:03:50 > 0:03:54Welcome to my science lab, it's lovely to see you.
0:03:54 > 0:03:59Now, your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
0:03:59 > 0:04:04- Why do you want to know?- Cos sometimes my mum burns my toast.
0:04:04 > 0:04:06We want to know why it goes black.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10Well, I've burnt the odd piece of toast myself, to be honest!
0:04:10 > 0:04:14It's a great question. For our first experiment, we'll use our senses.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment!
0:04:18 > 0:04:19We're ready, Nina!
0:04:19 > 0:04:23- Are you ready to experiment with toast?- Yes!- OK.
0:04:23 > 0:04:27A toaster can become really hot, so I'm going to be extra careful.
0:04:27 > 0:04:31You should never touch the toaster at home, as it could burn you.
0:04:31 > 0:04:34OK, how does that look?
0:04:35 > 0:04:37Would you call that toast?
0:04:37 > 0:04:39- No.- No, it's not quite toast yet.
0:04:39 > 0:04:44OK, let's leave that piece there. We'll put these in a little longer.
0:04:48 > 0:04:50Oh, I can smell it toasting now.
0:04:50 > 0:04:54- Bud, you're drooling!- Sorry!
0:04:57 > 0:04:59Oh!
0:04:59 > 0:05:02What do you think now?
0:05:02 > 0:05:04It's brown and it's hard.
0:05:04 > 0:05:07Does that look like toast should look?
0:05:07 > 0:05:10Yeah? I think so. It looks pretty tasty.
0:05:10 > 0:05:12Oh, it smells delicious.
0:05:12 > 0:05:15But when it Nina going to taste it?
0:05:15 > 0:05:18Sorry, Bud, that's not part of the experiment!
0:05:20 > 0:05:22Hmmpp! Not fair!
0:05:25 > 0:05:27Oh, what can you smell now?
0:05:27 > 0:05:28I can smell burning.
0:05:28 > 0:05:30BOTH: Burning.
0:05:30 > 0:05:31Oh, my goodness!
0:05:31 > 0:05:33Oh-oh.
0:05:34 > 0:05:35NINA GIGGLES
0:05:35 > 0:05:38I definitely burnt the toast this time!
0:05:38 > 0:05:41And look. There is that black stuff
0:05:41 > 0:05:43you were talking about.
0:05:43 > 0:05:45I'll scrape it all off there.
0:05:45 > 0:05:49Oh, and it smells smoky and burnt, doesn't it?
0:05:49 > 0:05:53- Why do you think it burnt?- Because you left it in the toaster too long.
0:05:53 > 0:05:59Yes, our senses experiment has shown that when bread is heated up enough,
0:05:59 > 0:06:03it toasts and gets browner and browner - and smells lovely.
0:06:03 > 0:06:08But if we toast it too long, it turns black. But why does it?
0:06:08 > 0:06:11And does everything turn black when it burns?
0:06:11 > 0:06:12We need to do another experiment.
0:06:15 > 0:06:19Now, I'm using a Bunsen burner to burn things in this experiment.
0:06:19 > 0:06:23That's why I'm wearing safety goggles and gloves.
0:06:23 > 0:06:26And also why you guys are standing well back, OK?
0:06:26 > 0:06:30That's right. Nina has been specially trained to do this.
0:06:30 > 0:06:33You must never go near fires or try to burn things,
0:06:33 > 0:06:34as you could get hurt.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37I want to see what happens to different items
0:06:37 > 0:06:39when I burn them.
0:06:39 > 0:06:41- Are you ready?- Yes!- Yes!
0:06:41 > 0:06:44Let's see what happens when I try to burn the metal key.
0:06:50 > 0:06:52What's happening to the key?
0:06:52 > 0:06:55- It's not burning.- Not burning. - No, it's not, is it?
0:06:55 > 0:07:00But the metal is very hot, so I'm going to put it in a safe place.
0:07:00 > 0:07:01Next, the potato.
0:07:07 > 0:07:10- What's happening to it? - It's burning.
0:07:10 > 0:07:12I wouldn't like to eat it.
0:07:12 > 0:07:13NINA LAUGHS
0:07:13 > 0:07:17Yeuch! I can smell it! That burnt smoky smell.
0:07:17 > 0:07:22Hmmp! First, Nina burns toast and now potatoes!
0:07:22 > 0:07:23Next, the stone.
0:07:27 > 0:07:30- Is the stone burning?- No.
0:07:30 > 0:07:34So, the metal key and the stone didn't burn.
0:07:34 > 0:07:36And, finally, the pasta!
0:07:42 > 0:07:46- What's happening to the pasta? - BOYS: It's burning.
0:07:46 > 0:07:47ALL LAUGH
0:07:47 > 0:07:50Oh, it's definitely burnt!
0:07:50 > 0:07:52And it's black.
0:07:52 > 0:07:53Ho-ho! OK.
0:07:53 > 0:07:56So, what burned and what didn't?
0:07:56 > 0:07:59The potato and the pasta burnt.
0:07:59 > 0:08:03The stone and the key didn't burn.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06So, the foods that we burned turned black,
0:08:06 > 0:08:09but the things that weren't food didn't turn black.
0:08:09 > 0:08:14In science, we call the black stuff that you see on burnt food, carbon.
0:08:14 > 0:08:17But what is carbon?
0:08:17 > 0:08:20To find out more, we'll visiting a place
0:08:20 > 0:08:22where there's lots of fire. Let's go!
0:08:27 > 0:08:28Here we go!
0:08:28 > 0:08:31I can't wait to see where we'll end up today.
0:08:31 > 0:08:35Nine said it's a place where there's lots of fire and burning.
0:08:35 > 0:08:39I wonder if it's a campfire, with all those crackly, sparking noises.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42And that strong, smoky smell of burning.
0:08:45 > 0:08:46Look over there.
0:08:51 > 0:08:55- This place is quite mysterious. Any idea why I've brought you here?- No!
0:08:55 > 0:08:59Well, we have a burning question that we need answered.
0:08:59 > 0:09:02And this is just the place to do it. Oh!
0:09:02 > 0:09:03Come with me.
0:09:03 > 0:09:08Wow-wee! What are those big metal things?
0:09:08 > 0:09:10These are called kilns, Bud.
0:09:10 > 0:09:14See all the smoke coming out of its chimneys? Pretty cool, eh?
0:09:14 > 0:09:19They don't feel very cool to me. In fact, they are roasting hot.
0:09:19 > 0:09:23That's because a kiln is a bit like a big oven, Felix.
0:09:23 > 0:09:27But you don't put food in it, you put wood in it.
0:09:27 > 0:09:29Lots and lots of wood.
0:09:29 > 0:09:33And I know someone who can show us more. So, follow me.
0:09:38 > 0:09:40- Hi, Charles!- Hi, Nina!
0:09:40 > 0:09:44- Would you like to see what it does to the wood?- Please.
0:09:45 > 0:09:47Ooh, over here, guys.
0:09:49 > 0:09:52Have you seen this black stuff before?
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Yes, sometimes my dad uses it for a barbeque.
0:09:55 > 0:09:58Well, this is charcoal.
0:09:58 > 0:09:59What colour is it?
0:09:59 > 0:10:02- Black!- It is. What do you think it's made of?
0:10:02 > 0:10:07It looks a bit like the black stuff on Nina's toast.
0:10:07 > 0:10:08Is it carbon?
0:10:08 > 0:10:10Right. Charcoal is made of carbon.
0:10:10 > 0:10:15To make charcoal, wood from trees is roasted in one of these
0:10:15 > 0:10:19big kiln ovens for hours and hours - like putting bread into a toaster.
0:10:19 > 0:10:23And most of the wood burns away until only carbon is left.
0:10:23 > 0:10:26So do trees have carbon in them, Nina?
0:10:26 > 0:10:28Yes, they do, Morgan.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31In fact, all plants have carbon in them,
0:10:31 > 0:10:34from the smallest blade of grass to the biggest tree.
0:10:34 > 0:10:37Carbon is found in all living things.
0:10:37 > 0:10:40So, is anyone hungry?
0:10:40 > 0:10:42Yes! Me!
0:10:42 > 0:10:45Me, me, me, me, me, me, me, ME!
0:10:45 > 0:10:47Yes, we are, Nina!
0:10:51 > 0:10:53A barbeque!
0:10:53 > 0:10:57A real sausage-munching, kebab-nibbling barbeque!
0:10:57 > 0:10:59Yes!!
0:10:59 > 0:11:04These have been cooking for a little while and those little black bits
0:11:04 > 0:11:07tell us that there is carbon in the food.
0:11:07 > 0:11:08OK, let's eat!
0:11:18 > 0:11:19Mmm!
0:11:21 > 0:11:26Your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
0:11:26 > 0:11:29We need to find out more about what toast is made from.
0:11:29 > 0:11:33Bread is usually made from a plant called wheat.
0:11:33 > 0:11:38This is what wheat looks like when it's grown in a farmer's field.
0:11:38 > 0:11:43To make bread, wheat is ground down into wheat flour and them mixed
0:11:43 > 0:11:45with other ingredients and baked.
0:11:45 > 0:11:49This wheat has carbon in it, s the bread that's made from it
0:11:49 > 0:11:51has carbon it it, too.
0:11:51 > 0:11:54We don't see it until we toast it and it burns.
0:11:57 > 0:12:01So, your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
0:12:01 > 0:12:05And I think we've answered it. We discovered that all food
0:12:05 > 0:12:09has something in it called carbon, which is found in all living things,
0:12:09 > 0:12:13from trees and plants, to the animals that eat them.
0:12:13 > 0:12:17Bread contains carbon, because it is made from a plant - wheat.
0:12:17 > 0:12:21When it burns in the toaster, most of the bread burns away,
0:12:21 > 0:12:24leaving carbon. I hope that's answered you.
0:12:24 > 0:12:26Yes, thanks, Nina!
0:12:29 > 0:12:32That's me back in the lab, with a nice full tummy!
0:12:32 > 0:12:35Oh, that barbeque was so tasty!
0:12:37 > 0:12:41If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
0:12:41 > 0:12:44go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!
0:12:49 > 0:12:50Lab coat on, Nina?
0:12:50 > 0:12:51Lab coat on, Ollie!
0:12:51 > 0:12:53Safety gloves on, Nina?
0:12:53 > 0:12:55Safety gloves on, Felix!
0:12:55 > 0:12:58And don't forget your goggles, Nina.
0:12:58 > 0:13:01Goggles are on, Luke! I think we're ready!
0:13:03 > 0:13:05# We do experiments in the lab
0:13:05 > 0:13:08- # In the lab! - Shoobie-doobie, in the lab!
0:13:08 > 0:13:11# Boggling experiments in the lab
0:13:11 > 0:13:14- # In the lab! - Go, Nina, in the lab!
0:13:14 > 0:13:18# Fizzing and popping Steam and smoke
0:13:18 > 0:13:20# We need protection, don't we, folks?
0:13:20 > 0:13:25# We always put our safety first!
0:13:25 > 0:13:27# Shoobie, doobie, doobie, doobie!
0:13:27 > 0:13:29# We do experiments in the lab
0:13:29 > 0:13:30# In the lab!
0:13:30 > 0:13:31# Go, Nina! #
0:13:31 > 0:13:34I really enjoyed my self today.
0:13:34 > 0:13:37The toast smelled delicious, until Nina burned it.
0:13:37 > 0:13:41Ah, it's been such a great day, man,
0:13:41 > 0:13:44seeing what burned and what didn't.
0:13:44 > 0:13:46It's been a marvellous day,
0:13:46 > 0:13:49feeling lot of heat from those charcoal kilns.
0:13:49 > 0:13:51I've had a fabby day!
0:13:52 > 0:13:58The barbeque was absolutely taste-tastic! He-he!
0:13:58 > 0:14:02Our day has been bursting with sensational experiments.
0:14:02 > 0:14:03I hope you've enjoyed it. Bye!
0:14:03 > 0:14:05Bye!
0:14:05 > 0:14:08Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd