0:00:05 > 0:00:08# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go
0:00:08 > 0:00:11# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show
0:00:11 > 0:00:14# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans
0:00:14 > 0:00:17# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:19 > 0:00:20- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:23 > 0:00:26# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:26 > 0:00:29# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:29 > 0:00:32# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch
0:00:32 > 0:00:35# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much
0:00:35 > 0:00:38# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste
0:00:38 > 0:00:41# They're Nina's little neurons And they're coming to your place!
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- # Touch your tongue - Tongue!
0:00:43 > 0:00:44- # Fingers - Fingers!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- # Eyes.- Eyes! - Ears.- Ears!- Nose.- Nose!
0:00:47 > 0:00:50# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:50 > 0:00:53# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know
0:00:53 > 0:00:54# Oh yeah! #
0:00:57 > 0:01:02Oh, hello. Oh, I'm just doing a very important experiment to find out
0:01:02 > 0:01:07how long you can dip a biscuit into hot tea before it turns to mush.
0:01:07 > 0:01:10Oh. That must have been too long!
0:01:10 > 0:01:12BEEPING
0:01:12 > 0:01:17I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask?
0:01:21 > 0:01:25ALL: 'Hi, Nina!'
0:01:25 > 0:01:26Hi, guys.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28We've got a question for you.
0:01:28 > 0:01:32Where does the sand on the beach come from?
0:01:32 > 0:01:37That's a brilliant question! Where does the sand on the beach come from?
0:01:37 > 0:01:40Well, why don't you all come down to my lab
0:01:40 > 0:01:43and we'll do some experiments to investigate?
0:01:43 > 0:01:47ALL: 'See ya soon, Nina! Bye!'
0:01:47 > 0:01:49Bye!
0:01:49 > 0:01:52Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
0:01:52 > 0:01:56and I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.
0:02:12 > 0:02:14ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.
0:02:14 > 0:02:18OK. Today's question is, "Where does the sand on the beach come from?"
0:02:18 > 0:02:22Which Neuron will be most useful to help find the answer?
0:02:22 > 0:02:26ALL: Me! Me! Me! Oh, me!
0:02:26 > 0:02:28Will it be fabulous Felix?
0:02:28 > 0:02:32I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
0:02:32 > 0:02:34Will it be beautiful Belle?
0:02:34 > 0:02:36I send messages to brain from ear.
0:02:36 > 0:02:39If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
0:02:39 > 0:02:40Will it be lovely Luke?
0:02:40 > 0:02:43For looking and seeing, day or night,
0:02:43 > 0:02:45I'll help you with your sense of sight.
0:02:45 > 0:02:47Will it be awesome Ollie?
0:02:47 > 0:02:50If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,
0:02:50 > 0:02:54- my messages help your sense of smell.- Or will it be baby Bud?
0:02:54 > 0:02:59Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!
0:03:02 > 0:03:05- It's Luke!- Yes!
0:03:05 > 0:03:11ALL: Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!
0:03:11 > 0:03:12Go Luke!
0:03:12 > 0:03:16Cool, Nina. I'll be lookin' out to help ya.
0:03:16 > 0:03:20Today's question is, "Where does the sand on the beach come from?"
0:03:20 > 0:03:25We see the sand on the beach, so Luke, our seeing Neuron, is going to be helping.
0:03:25 > 0:03:28I better get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
0:03:30 > 0:03:33Remy loves ballet, Anessa loves singing
0:03:33 > 0:03:35and Emma loves the fairground,
0:03:35 > 0:03:38but they all want to find out more about sand.
0:03:38 > 0:03:44So today, for one day only, they become experimenters!
0:03:45 > 0:03:47Hi, guys.
0:03:47 > 0:03:49ALL: Hi, Nina.
0:03:49 > 0:03:52Welcome to my lab. Come to the desk.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55You asked a brilliant question -
0:03:55 > 0:03:58where does the sand on the beach come from?
0:03:58 > 0:04:00Why do you want to know?
0:04:00 > 0:04:04I like making sandcastles on the beach.
0:04:04 > 0:04:09- But we don't know where the sand comes from.- Sand is interesting.
0:04:09 > 0:04:12For our first experiment, we'll use our sense.
0:04:12 > 0:04:17ALL: Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!
0:04:17 > 0:04:20OK, experimenters, pop these blindfolds on
0:04:20 > 0:04:23because you're just going to use your sense of touch.
0:04:23 > 0:04:26I have three bowls in front of me.
0:04:26 > 0:04:32One contains sand, one contains salt and one contains sugar.
0:04:32 > 0:04:38I want you to feel inside each of them and try and guess which is sand.
0:04:38 > 0:04:40Here's the first one.
0:04:40 > 0:04:41- Salt!- Sugar!- Sand!
0:04:41 > 0:04:46- Ooh, feels grainy and a bit gritty. Little bit hard?- Yeah.
0:04:46 > 0:04:48Here's our next bowl.
0:04:48 > 0:04:53- Sand!- Sand, yeah.- No, no, it must be sugar,
0:04:53 > 0:04:57And here's the last one. Feel what it's like.
0:04:57 > 0:05:01- Salt!- This is sand! Sand. - We can't decide which was sand.
0:05:01 > 0:05:06Why don't you take your blindfolds off and now can you tell me
0:05:06 > 0:05:07which one is sand?
0:05:07 > 0:05:09ALL: That one.
0:05:09 > 0:05:14This one! Yeah. Sand looks a bit different from the others.
0:05:14 > 0:05:18So the sand, salt and sugar all FELT the same
0:05:18 > 0:05:20but sand LOOKS different.
0:05:20 > 0:05:25My microscope will let us take an even closer look at some sand.
0:05:25 > 0:05:31- What do the grains of sand look like now?- Rocks.- Ah.
0:05:31 > 0:05:37Under the microscope, the tiny grains of sand look like rocks or pebbles.
0:05:37 > 0:05:41- Yeah.- So, from this experiment, we found out that
0:05:41 > 0:05:45sand, like salt and sugar, is made of lots of tiny grains.
0:05:45 > 0:05:49But we still don't know where sand comes from.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52I think we need to do another experiment.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58For this experiment, I'm going to make a mess!
0:06:11 > 0:06:13Now I'm going to add some warm water.
0:06:19 > 0:06:22Give it a good stir.
0:06:22 > 0:06:27Something is happening to the salt and sugar but, to see it,
0:06:27 > 0:06:30we need to pour the water back out again.
0:06:41 > 0:06:45So, the sand is still in the beaker.
0:06:45 > 0:06:47But where's the salt and sugar gone?
0:06:47 > 0:06:52- In the water.- In the water! Absolutely right!
0:06:52 > 0:06:55This experiment has shown us that salt and sugar
0:06:55 > 0:07:00seem to disappear when you put them in water. We call this dissolving.
0:07:00 > 0:07:05But the sand is different. It doesn't dissolve in water,
0:07:05 > 0:07:09which is just as well. If it did, it'd disappear into the sea
0:07:09 > 0:07:13and there would be no sand on the beach to make sandcastles.
0:07:13 > 0:07:17So we know that sand is made of lots of tiny, hard grains.
0:07:17 > 0:07:20But what are the grains made of?
0:07:20 > 0:07:23I think we need to investigate a little further.
0:07:23 > 0:07:26In fact, we need to do some digging!
0:07:26 > 0:07:28Let's go, guys!
0:07:34 > 0:07:36Where do you think we're going?
0:07:36 > 0:07:39Nina said we would have to do some digging.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42I don't like the sound of that!
0:07:42 > 0:07:47Nina might get soil under her fingernails! Ugh!
0:07:47 > 0:07:48I think we're here.
0:07:48 > 0:07:51And I recognise that smell!
0:07:51 > 0:07:52Look!
0:07:58 > 0:08:02Wow! Look at those waves! Aren't they amazing?
0:08:02 > 0:08:04ALL: Yes.
0:08:04 > 0:08:07They make a brilliant crashing noise, too, Nina!
0:08:07 > 0:08:10They certainly do, Belle.
0:08:10 > 0:08:13We've come to the beach to find out more about sand.
0:08:13 > 0:08:17We need to find some buried treasure! Arr!
0:08:17 > 0:08:20X marks the spot, me hearties!
0:08:20 > 0:08:23So let's get digging! Whoo-hoo!
0:08:29 > 0:08:33- I think it's up there. - Over there?- Yeah.
0:08:33 > 0:08:37I mean that's where the cross is.
0:08:37 > 0:08:39Where that orange thing is.
0:08:42 > 0:08:45Oh, I love the smell of the salty sea.
0:08:45 > 0:08:48But when are they going to find the treasure?!
0:08:48 > 0:08:50Ooh, look at this, girls.
0:08:50 > 0:08:51ALL: Ooh!
0:08:51 > 0:08:54Do you think that's an X? ALL: Yeah!
0:08:54 > 0:08:58Let's move the wood and start digging!
0:08:58 > 0:08:59I just found it!
0:08:59 > 0:09:02Brilliant. OK, girls. Here's your spades.
0:09:04 > 0:09:07- I think it's...- Guys, guys, guys!
0:09:07 > 0:09:10ALL: Wow!
0:09:11 > 0:09:12Let's open it.
0:09:16 > 0:09:18ALL GASP
0:09:18 > 0:09:19Wow, look!
0:09:19 > 0:09:21Wow!
0:09:21 > 0:09:23Nina's found a diamond!
0:09:23 > 0:09:26It's not a diamond, Bud. It's quartz.
0:09:26 > 0:09:30Quartz. That's a funny-sounding word, Nina.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33It is a bit funny-sounding, Belle. I quite like it.
0:09:33 > 0:09:38So do I. Quartz. Quartz. Quartz. Quartz!
0:09:38 > 0:09:41So quartz is a special type of rock.
0:09:41 > 0:09:46Can you remember what the sand grains looked like under the microscope?
0:09:46 > 0:09:50- ALL: Yeah. - They looked like rocks.
0:09:50 > 0:09:55That's right. They looked a bit like this quartz rock, didn't they?
0:09:55 > 0:09:59- Yes, Nina.- That's because the sand on most beaches
0:09:59 > 0:10:01is mostly made from quartz.
0:10:01 > 0:10:06- But how's it made, Nina?- To answer that, we need to go back to the lab
0:10:06 > 0:10:08for one final experiment.
0:10:08 > 0:10:11THEY CHEER
0:10:17 > 0:10:20OK. WE know that sand comes from the beach,
0:10:20 > 0:10:23but what else do we always find at the beach?
0:10:23 > 0:10:24Smelly seaweed.
0:10:24 > 0:10:25Noisy seagulls?
0:10:25 > 0:10:27Yummy ice cream!
0:10:27 > 0:10:29ALL: The sea!
0:10:29 > 0:10:31That's right, the sea!
0:10:31 > 0:10:35This experiment will show us that the sea is very important
0:10:35 > 0:10:36in making sand.
0:10:36 > 0:10:41I need to put my protective gloves on. You guys already have yours on.
0:10:41 > 0:10:46- We also need our safety goggles on to protect our eyes.- Yes!
0:10:46 > 0:10:49It's very important to protect our eyes
0:10:49 > 0:10:52when doing experiments in Nina's science lab.
0:10:52 > 0:10:56OK, we're going to use these pebbles from the beach
0:10:56 > 0:11:00to try and break up these rocks into tiny pieces like sand.
0:11:00 > 0:11:04Wow! This experiment sounds like fun!
0:11:04 > 0:11:07Bud, it's not a good idea to break things normally.
0:11:07 > 0:11:11this is part of a controlled experiment. Let's do it!
0:11:35 > 0:11:37Whoo! That was hard work!
0:11:37 > 0:11:43But we did it. We used the pebbles to break the rocks
0:11:43 > 0:11:45into tiny grains, like sand.
0:11:45 > 0:11:48This happens to rocks in the sea.
0:11:48 > 0:11:52Remember the waves crashing on the rocks at the beach?
0:11:52 > 0:11:54ALL: Yes, Nina.
0:11:54 > 0:12:00When the waves crash on the rocks, the rocks and pebbles bash together,
0:12:00 > 0:12:04along with other things, like sea shells,
0:12:04 > 0:12:06and after a long, long time,
0:12:06 > 0:12:09and lots of bashing and banging together,
0:12:09 > 0:12:12the rocks break up into sand.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19Your question was, where does sand come from?
0:12:19 > 0:12:21I think we've answered it.
0:12:21 > 0:12:25We discovered sand is made of lots of tiny grains.
0:12:25 > 0:12:31These grains don't dissolve in water, and are mostly made of quartz.
0:12:31 > 0:12:35The waves in the sea smash the rocks against one another
0:12:35 > 0:12:40and over a long time, these rocks break up into lots of grains of sand!
0:12:40 > 0:12:44I hope that's answered your question. ALL: Thanks, Nina.
0:12:44 > 0:12:46ALL: Bye! Bye!
0:12:51 > 0:12:54If you want to know more about the science all around us,
0:12:54 > 0:12:58go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
0:12:58 > 0:12:59Lab coat on, Nina?
0:12:59 > 0:13:01Lab coat on, Ollie.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03Safety gloves on, Nina?
0:13:03 > 0:13:05Safety gloves on, Felix.
0:13:05 > 0:13:07Don't forget your goggles, Nina.
0:13:07 > 0:13:11Goggles are on, Luke. I think we're ready!
0:13:12 > 0:13:14# We do experiments in the lab
0:13:14 > 0:13:18- # In the lab! - Shooby-dooby, in the lab
0:13:18 > 0:13:20# Bubbling experiments in the lab
0:13:20 > 0:13:21# In the lab!
0:13:21 > 0:13:24# Go, Nina, in the lab
0:13:24 > 0:13:27# Fizzing and popping Steam and smoke
0:13:27 > 0:13:30# We need protection Don't we, folks?
0:13:30 > 0:13:34# We always put our safety first
0:13:34 > 0:13:36# Shooby-dooby, dooby-dooby
0:13:36 > 0:13:38# We do experiments in the lab
0:13:38 > 0:13:39# In the lab!
0:13:39 > 0:13:41# Go, Nina! #
0:13:41 > 0:13:43It's been a marvellous day.
0:13:43 > 0:13:48I really enjoyed feeling those grains of salt, sugar and sand.
0:13:48 > 0:13:51I've had a fabby day!
0:13:51 > 0:13:54Finding the buried treasure was the BEST!
0:13:54 > 0:13:56Oh, I've had a brilliant day.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59Nina and the children made a smashing noise
0:13:59 > 0:14:02breaking those rocks up!
0:14:02 > 0:14:05Our day's been bursting with experiments.
0:14:05 > 0:14:07I hope you've enjoyed it. See you soon!
0:14:07 > 0:14:09ALL: Bye!
0:14:09 > 0:14:12E-mail subtitling@bbc.co.uk