0:00:23 > 0:00:26- He's Dr Chris.- And he's Dr Xand.
0:00:26 > 0:00:29And we're identical twins.
0:00:29 > 0:00:31We were until you grew your beard!
0:00:31 > 0:00:32In this series,
0:00:32 > 0:00:36we're taking over one of the biggest children's hospitals in Europe.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39The amazing Alder Hey in Liverpool.
0:00:39 > 0:00:41We'll go head-to-head as we take on
0:00:41 > 0:00:44some of our hospital's most important jobs.
0:00:44 > 0:00:46This isn't going well.
0:00:46 > 0:00:49Ouch And About hits the wards for more medical mysteries.
0:00:49 > 0:00:51This tube goes into Dolly's tummy.
0:00:53 > 0:00:56And we'll be meeting our brilliant Ouch-patients
0:00:56 > 0:00:58- who come in for regular treatment. - Hi!
0:00:58 > 0:01:02We've hidden our lab in a top-secret location...
0:01:02 > 0:01:03And our experiments
0:01:03 > 0:01:07just...got...bigger!
0:01:09 > 0:01:11You guys are crazy!
0:01:11 > 0:01:13So, are you ready to join us?
0:01:13 > 0:01:15I have to change my cape.
0:01:19 > 0:01:22- Coming up today on... - Super Xand!
0:01:22 > 0:01:24It's Operation Ouch.
0:01:27 > 0:01:31'We go radio gaga...' It's phenomenally stressful.
0:01:31 > 0:01:33'..things get a bit hairy...'
0:01:33 > 0:01:34It's just creepy.
0:01:34 > 0:01:37'..and we're hitting the high notes.'
0:01:37 > 0:01:39But first...
0:01:40 > 0:01:42We're giving you exclusive access
0:01:42 > 0:01:45to the accident and emergency department.
0:01:45 > 0:01:46Let's meet our first patient!
0:01:48 > 0:01:51Waiting to be seen is eight-year-old Chris and his dad.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54Brilliant name, but that hand looks bad.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56It's sore and it's hurting.
0:01:56 > 0:01:58Ooh, what happened?
0:01:58 > 0:02:01Chris was in the garden with his sister and two of her mates.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03They were all playing...
0:02:03 > 0:02:05Britain's Got Talent!
0:02:06 > 0:02:11- Oh, yes! Can I be Simon Cowell? - It's a no from me.
0:02:11 > 0:02:13Anyway, the girls were the judges,
0:02:13 > 0:02:14hands poised over their buzzers,
0:02:14 > 0:02:17watching the best act of the day, it was...
0:02:17 > 0:02:20A dog dressed as a spaceman juggling ice creams?
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Even better than that.
0:02:22 > 0:02:26- Chris was doing parkour, so jumping and rolling off stuff.- Sounds fun.
0:02:26 > 0:02:29Yes, but as he did his final move,
0:02:29 > 0:02:32a gravity-defying don't-try-this-at-home leap,
0:02:32 > 0:02:35he slipped on some moss and cut his hand on the gate.
0:02:35 > 0:02:39- Ouch!- Don't worry, Chris, here's Dr Clare Thompson.
0:02:39 > 0:02:40Sliced it on metal, didn't you?
0:02:40 > 0:02:44So what we'll do, is we'll send you for a little X-ray on your hand
0:02:44 > 0:02:47to make sure there's no little pieces in there that shouldn't be.
0:02:48 > 0:02:52If Chris has any metal in his cut, it could get infected.
0:02:52 > 0:02:56You can see the cut, can't you? See where it looks more black in there?
0:02:56 > 0:02:59But there's no bits of metal, there's nothing else in there.
0:02:59 > 0:03:01- It's looking good. - It is!
0:03:01 > 0:03:05Next up, Dr Clare makes sure Chris hasn't lost any feeling in his hand.
0:03:05 > 0:03:09- Can you feel this? - I can't feel it that much.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12It could have damaged the nerves,
0:03:12 > 0:03:16which then might have caused the sensation to be lost.
0:03:16 > 0:03:19- Is it going to need stitching?- Yeah.
0:03:19 > 0:03:21Because this is a deep cut in a complicated place,
0:03:21 > 0:03:24Chris needs to come back tomorrow for surgery.
0:03:24 > 0:03:27So, with a temporary patch-up, it's off home for the night.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30We'll be back later to see how Chris gets on.
0:03:30 > 0:03:32BEEPING, ALARMS BLARE
0:03:36 > 0:03:39I'm hitting the wards with my Ouch bleeper.
0:03:40 > 0:03:43Because we've brought Ouch And About inside the hospital. Wow!
0:03:43 > 0:03:45Dr Xand, Dr Xand!
0:03:45 > 0:03:48And I'm hitting the streets to answer your medical mysteries.
0:03:49 > 0:03:53In the hospital canteen, Chris has his first call.
0:03:53 > 0:03:55A question! Right, I better go.
0:03:56 > 0:03:59It's from Lydia, who is recovering from brain surgery
0:03:59 > 0:04:01to help cure her epilepsy.
0:04:01 > 0:04:05- Hi, Lydia, how are you?- Good. - Very nice to see you.
0:04:05 > 0:04:06- You have a question for me.- Yeah.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10How long does it take for the stitches in my head to dissolve?
0:04:10 > 0:04:12Well, what's the diagnosis, Doc?
0:04:12 > 0:04:16Sounds like a case of...
0:04:16 > 0:04:17Ha-ha, Lydia's in stitches!
0:04:17 > 0:04:21Well, they should take about 10 days to two weeks,
0:04:21 > 0:04:25but sometimes the stitches can take up to six weeks to dissolve fully.
0:04:25 > 0:04:30- Shall we have a look with the Ouch cam?- Yeah.- OK, I'll put that there.
0:04:30 > 0:04:32And then you can see the screen.
0:04:32 > 0:04:34Look away if you're squeamish!
0:04:34 > 0:04:39So, the little black lines are your hair. The black bit is a scab.
0:04:39 > 0:04:42- It's just creepy. - You know what, Lydia?
0:04:42 > 0:04:45I can't see any stitches at all.
0:04:45 > 0:04:49So I think your stitches are already starting to dissolve.
0:04:49 > 0:04:51That's actually quite cool.
0:04:51 > 0:04:53OK, Lydia, you have earned yourself an Operation Ouch sticker.
0:04:53 > 0:04:58- That's sticky.- Thank you very much, bye!- Bye, thank you!
0:04:58 > 0:05:03Unlike Dr Chris, I don't have a fancy bleeper out here.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06- How will I know when someone has a question?- Dr Xand!
0:05:06 > 0:05:08- Have you got a question for me?- Yes.
0:05:08 > 0:05:10Why can my shoulder blades stick out?
0:05:10 > 0:05:13Wow!
0:05:13 > 0:05:16So, what you have is things called winged scapulas.
0:05:16 > 0:05:18Your scapula is your shoulder blade,
0:05:18 > 0:05:20and they're called wings because they come out,
0:05:20 > 0:05:21a bit like wings, on you, which is amazing.
0:05:21 > 0:05:25Normally you have a muscle called serratus anterior,
0:05:25 > 0:05:27and that muscle goes under the shoulder blade
0:05:27 > 0:05:28and holds it onto your back.
0:05:28 > 0:05:31But for some reason in you, it isn't doing that, which means
0:05:31 > 0:05:34you can do this amazing thing which is flap your shoulder blades.
0:05:34 > 0:05:35I've never seen that before.
0:05:35 > 0:05:39- Well, thanks very much for showing me your amazing back. Bye!- Bye!
0:05:39 > 0:05:41Amazing!
0:05:44 > 0:05:47Meanwhile, my Ouch bleeper is busily beeping.
0:05:47 > 0:05:49Get a wriggle on, Chris!
0:05:49 > 0:05:52It's Harry, who has a condition which means he has trouble eating.
0:05:52 > 0:05:55- Hello, Dr Chris.- How are you?- Fine. - What is your question?
0:05:55 > 0:05:59- What is oesophagitis? - That is a very good question.
0:05:59 > 0:06:01What's the diagnosis, Doc?
0:06:01 > 0:06:03I think it sounds like you have a case of...
0:06:08 > 0:06:10Ooh, a double -itis!
0:06:10 > 0:06:14You know that an oesophagus is the tube that links your mouth
0:06:14 > 0:06:16to your stomach.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19So, whenever something in your body is inflamed,
0:06:19 > 0:06:21we put -itis on the end of it.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24And in your case, you have an oesophagus that's inflamed,
0:06:24 > 0:06:26so we call it an oesophagitis.
0:06:26 > 0:06:29And so when Harry eats, his oesophagus swells up
0:06:29 > 0:06:33and food can't get down it and he feels very, very poorly indeed.
0:06:33 > 0:06:38So, Harry, can you show me how the doctors have fixed the fact
0:06:38 > 0:06:41- that you can't eat food using your mouth?- They put a mini button in me.
0:06:41 > 0:06:44A mini button, what's a mini button? Wow!
0:06:44 > 0:06:49- So, that is now a hole going straight inside your stomach.- Yes.
0:06:49 > 0:06:51So, what kind of food do you have through the hole?
0:06:51 > 0:06:55Just a special type of milk and some medicine.
0:06:55 > 0:06:56That's how you stay big and strong
0:06:56 > 0:06:58- even though you can't swallow stuff?- Yeah.
0:06:58 > 0:07:00That's pretty amazing. You've taught me something.
0:07:00 > 0:07:04You did such a good job, I'm giving you an Operation Ouch sticker.
0:07:04 > 0:07:05Thank you, bye!
0:07:05 > 0:07:08Job done for today. Clinic closed.
0:07:14 > 0:07:17In hospital, it's not just the doctors and nurses
0:07:17 > 0:07:18who help to get you fixed.
0:07:18 > 0:07:22There are lots of other heroes working behind the scenes.
0:07:22 > 0:07:23Yes!
0:07:23 > 0:07:27'What will happen when we have a go at their amazing jobs?'
0:07:27 > 0:07:28Useless!
0:07:28 > 0:07:31This is Operation Takeover.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34When you're a patient, life can be a bit boring,
0:07:34 > 0:07:37so it's important to keep upbeat and entertained on the wards.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39Today's hospital heroes help with that.
0:07:39 > 0:07:43They are Radio Lollipop DJs Dom and Chaminda!
0:07:43 > 0:07:47They're hosts on the Evelina Children's Hospital radio station
0:07:47 > 0:07:50which broadcasts just for the patients to cheer them up
0:07:50 > 0:07:54and reduce stress, which is good for health.
0:07:54 > 0:07:55It is thrilling Thursday.
0:07:55 > 0:07:59I'm really excited, we have some very special guests coming in later.
0:07:59 > 0:08:02I think they're talking about us, Chris! Let's say hello.
0:08:03 > 0:08:05Are we live now?
0:08:05 > 0:08:10- Absolutely.- Hi, kids! So, what is it like doing hospital radio?
0:08:10 > 0:08:12It's great fun. The children love it as well,
0:08:12 > 0:08:14and if they're having fun, then we have the most fun.
0:08:14 > 0:08:17As a kid, being in hospital is not the most exciting place to be
0:08:17 > 0:08:20so it takes them away from the whole hospital environment.
0:08:20 > 0:08:22What I want to know is,
0:08:22 > 0:08:26what are the ingredients of a really good radio show?
0:08:26 > 0:08:29I reckon you guys should go upstairs on to the wards, find out
0:08:29 > 0:08:32first-hand from our listeners what makes a really good radio show.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34That's a brilliant idea.
0:08:34 > 0:08:37OK, let's hit the wards and get...
0:08:37 > 0:08:41The top three tips to being a hospital radio show host!
0:08:41 > 0:08:42In at number three...
0:08:42 > 0:08:44Try to be funny a little bit.
0:08:44 > 0:08:47- Good luck with that one, Xand!- Oi!
0:08:47 > 0:08:50- What's at number two? - Do good singing.
0:08:50 > 0:08:52Do you think the DJs should sing,
0:08:52 > 0:08:55or do you think we should just play the records?
0:08:55 > 0:08:57- Sing.- Really?
0:08:57 > 0:08:58Uh-oh!
0:08:58 > 0:09:00And finally, top of the charts is...
0:09:00 > 0:09:02Don't embarrass yourselves.
0:09:02 > 0:09:03That's easy for me,
0:09:03 > 0:09:05a little bit less easy for Dr Xand.
0:09:05 > 0:09:09- Thanks, Toller! - And thank you, Summer.
0:09:09 > 0:09:11So, we've found out just how important
0:09:11 > 0:09:13the job of hospital radio hosts really is.
0:09:13 > 0:09:16But have we got what it takes to be on the same wavelength
0:09:16 > 0:09:18as the real professionals?
0:09:18 > 0:09:19Get it? Wavelength?
0:09:20 > 0:09:23'It's time for us to be hospital radio hosts.'
0:09:25 > 0:09:28So, your challenge today is to take over the airwaves
0:09:28 > 0:09:30for ten minutes each.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33And then we want to see how you handle a special guest.
0:09:33 > 0:09:35Right, this should be trivial.
0:09:35 > 0:09:37And I have a special guest in mind who I think will give me
0:09:37 > 0:09:39- an enormous advantage. - I don't have a guest!
0:09:39 > 0:09:42- Where am I going to get a guest? - Better go find a guest.
0:09:42 > 0:09:46I have a professional DJ as my guest.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49It's Radio 1Xtra DJ Yasmin Evans.
0:09:49 > 0:09:53And I am going to thrash Dr Xand as a result.
0:09:53 > 0:09:54Not so fast, Chris.
0:09:54 > 0:09:55Meet the judges!
0:09:55 > 0:09:57They are tuned in, ready to pick a winner.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00Who's the best? They decide.
0:10:00 > 0:10:02Bring it on. I'll go first.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04EPIC JINGLE PLAYS
0:10:04 > 0:10:08'What time is it? It's Dr Chris time!
0:10:08 > 0:10:12'Hospital radio's number one Operation Ouch-based show.'
0:10:12 > 0:10:14Hello, everyone, welcome to the Dr Chris show.
0:10:14 > 0:10:16I have with me Yasmin Evans. How are you, Yasmin?
0:10:16 > 0:10:18I'm very well, how are you?
0:10:18 > 0:10:21I thought I'd been really clever inviting you along because you could
0:10:21 > 0:10:24help me out but in fact it's just piled and piled on the pressure.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27My first go as a DJ. I'm going to hit play.
0:10:27 > 0:10:29I'm going to turn these up.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32- And now we can hear Justin Bieber. - That's Justin Bieber.
0:10:32 > 0:10:36- We're talking over it.- Can they still hear us?- Take us down.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38Oops! I wonder if anyone noticed.
0:10:38 > 0:10:41It's a good job Yasmin's here.
0:10:41 > 0:10:42This is a nightmare!
0:10:42 > 0:10:45Chris has already got a guest and I don't have one!
0:10:45 > 0:10:47Where am I going to get a guest at such short notice?
0:10:47 > 0:10:50OK, I'm going to try and work the screen.
0:10:50 > 0:10:54I'm sorry, everyone listening. I hope I'm not losing the judges!
0:10:54 > 0:10:57- So, that's Nick Jonas.- Nick Jonas. 'Oh, there's so many buttons!'
0:10:58 > 0:11:01Thank goodness Xand still doesn't have a guest.
0:11:01 > 0:11:03Hang on, I've spotted someone.
0:11:03 > 0:11:05It's Laverne, the housekeeper.
0:11:05 > 0:11:08Can I stop you cleaning, will you be a guest on my radio show?
0:11:08 > 0:11:11- Oh, I'll think of it. - You'll be all right?- Yeah.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14- Come on then, come with me. - OK.- Off we go.
0:11:14 > 0:11:16'Phew, just in the nick of time!'
0:11:16 > 0:11:19For all the judges out there, I'm going to leave you with the thought,
0:11:19 > 0:11:23how much better this has been than Dr Xand is going to be.
0:11:23 > 0:11:26Thanks a lot, everyone. Bye!
0:11:28 > 0:11:32- Yay!- I must say, that is phenomenally stressful.
0:11:32 > 0:11:35Gimme five. 'Beat that, Xand, over to you!'
0:11:35 > 0:11:38Hey, everybody, it's Dr Xand. Oh...
0:11:38 > 0:11:40One thing's for sure, I'll give it a go.
0:11:40 > 0:11:45It's time for Dr Xand's amazing radio show!
0:11:45 > 0:11:47This is Dr Xand, and let me tell you,
0:11:47 > 0:11:50I'm going to make your eardrums burst.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52No, I'm not going to do that, that would be bad.
0:11:52 > 0:11:54I'm going to give you dandruff, how about that?
0:11:54 > 0:11:57- See, Chris? I can be funny. - If you say so.
0:11:57 > 0:12:00We have an incredible guest.
0:12:00 > 0:12:03The world-famous, the one, the only, Laverne Lodric!
0:12:03 > 0:12:05How are you doing?
0:12:05 > 0:12:06Hi, there, Doctor. Good evening.
0:12:06 > 0:12:09I'm going to play some relaxing music.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11How does that go?
0:12:11 > 0:12:13MUSIC: Uptown Funk by Mark Ronson
0:12:15 > 0:12:17Ooh! 'The judges wanted singing.'
0:12:17 > 0:12:20# Cos uptown funk gonna give it to you
0:12:20 > 0:12:22# Cos uptown funk gonna give it to you... #
0:12:22 > 0:12:25Yes, but you are 100% embarrassing.
0:12:28 > 0:12:31What's the food like in the hospital?
0:12:31 > 0:12:35I've never tasted the patients' food!
0:12:35 > 0:12:38- You've never stolen food off a poorly child?- Oh, no, no.
0:12:38 > 0:12:40That's a bad thing to do.
0:12:40 > 0:12:43I tell you what, I have done that occasionally.
0:12:43 > 0:12:45What? You can't do that!
0:12:45 > 0:12:48- You're wonderful.- Thank you. - Goodnight, everyone.
0:12:48 > 0:12:51Time to admit defeat, Chris. Let's get the verdict.
0:12:51 > 0:12:54So, guys, tell us who the winner is.
0:12:55 > 0:12:57No!
0:12:57 > 0:12:594-1! In your face!
0:12:59 > 0:13:04You love me! You really do love me!
0:13:04 > 0:13:07So, judges, what did you like about my show?
0:13:07 > 0:13:09It was a little bit more funny.
0:13:09 > 0:13:13It wasn't really you, it was more your special guest.
0:13:15 > 0:13:16Ha! You got lucky, Xand.
0:13:16 > 0:13:19Well, we've seen just how important the job of radio hosts
0:13:19 > 0:13:22like Dom and Chaminda are to the running of the hospital.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25And although I did a lot better than you,
0:13:25 > 0:13:27according to the listening public,
0:13:27 > 0:13:29I think it is best left to the experts.
0:13:29 > 0:13:31- Have the headphones back, guys. - Thank you.
0:13:31 > 0:13:33- Thank you, guys.- Thank you.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38Back in the emergency department,
0:13:38 > 0:13:40Chris is waiting for an operation on his hand.
0:13:40 > 0:13:42Are you?
0:13:42 > 0:13:45They look all right to me. But it's not my decision.
0:13:45 > 0:13:47Let's get you to theatre.
0:13:47 > 0:13:49Not me, Xand. Mini Chris.
0:13:49 > 0:13:53We met him earlier, with a gory gash to his hand.
0:13:53 > 0:13:55He'd been playing Britain's Got Talent with his sister
0:13:55 > 0:13:58and her mate when his jumping act went totally wrong.
0:13:58 > 0:14:00Not a good idea.
0:14:00 > 0:14:02He slipped on some moss and cut his hand on a gate.
0:14:04 > 0:14:06Chris's cut was too deep to fix in A&E
0:14:06 > 0:14:09so he's back bright and early to have surgery.
0:14:11 > 0:14:15- It's definitely looking a bit yucky. - It's gone all purple.
0:14:15 > 0:14:20Chris needs a general anaesthetic so he'll be asleep for the operation.
0:14:20 > 0:14:22Sweet dreams!
0:14:22 > 0:14:25Ready to get handy with Chris's hand is Dr Susie Yao.
0:14:25 > 0:14:29- Let's give her a big hand! - Enough with the hand jokes.
0:14:29 > 0:14:32So, I'll just give it a quick clean.
0:14:32 > 0:14:35Her first job in surgery is to check for any serious injuries.
0:14:36 > 0:14:41Inside your hand there are lots of nerves, tendons and blood vessels.
0:14:41 > 0:14:43These things are vital to your hand
0:14:43 > 0:14:45and so they are wrapped in a protective tissue
0:14:45 > 0:14:47called the palma fascia.
0:14:47 > 0:14:50If Chris's cut goes deeper than this protective layer,
0:14:50 > 0:14:52it could lead to complications.
0:14:52 > 0:14:53Over to you, Dr Susie.
0:14:55 > 0:14:59There is always a risk that these important structures can be damaged,
0:14:59 > 0:15:01and if they're damaged, in the long run,
0:15:01 > 0:15:04that can cause poor healing and poor function.
0:15:04 > 0:15:06Time for a thorough examination.
0:15:09 > 0:15:12Amazingly, he has not breached his fascia. Very lucky.
0:15:12 > 0:15:13Great news.
0:15:13 > 0:15:16Now it's time to prep the cut, ready for stitches.
0:15:16 > 0:15:18What I did was, I took away a little bit of tissue
0:15:18 > 0:15:20on either side of the cut.
0:15:20 > 0:15:23It was important to create a brand-new, fresh edge
0:15:23 > 0:15:25for the skin to heal nicely.
0:15:25 > 0:15:29- And they've stitched him up in no time.- Lovely job.
0:15:30 > 0:15:31Over in the recovery room,
0:15:31 > 0:15:35our patient is still feeling a bit sleepy after his operation.
0:15:35 > 0:15:38Whoa, a bit wobbly, there, Chris!
0:15:38 > 0:15:40But don't worry, the anaesthetic will wear off very soon.
0:15:40 > 0:15:43- Bye!- Ta, love.
0:15:43 > 0:15:46Anything you've learned from this?
0:15:46 > 0:15:48Don't climb over fences.
0:15:48 > 0:15:52- And will you be entering any more playtime talent contests?- No.
0:15:52 > 0:15:56This is one act Simon Cowell won't be seeing any time soon.
0:15:56 > 0:15:57Bye, mini Chris!
0:15:59 > 0:16:01Still to come.
0:16:01 > 0:16:03We're tuning up...
0:16:03 > 0:16:04HE HUMS TUNELESSLY
0:16:04 > 0:16:06'..there's amazing anaesthetic...'
0:16:06 > 0:16:08Now Will's job is to keep Kieran safe.
0:16:08 > 0:16:11'..and it's breaking point for Lily.'
0:16:12 > 0:16:14But first...
0:16:17 > 0:16:21They're called the anvil, the stirrup and the what?
0:16:21 > 0:16:22Is it...
0:16:29 > 0:16:31The correct answer is A.
0:16:31 > 0:16:35Together, we call all three bones the ossicles.
0:16:35 > 0:16:38And they transmit sound from your ear into your brain.
0:16:44 > 0:16:45And now to our lab.
0:16:45 > 0:16:48But this time, we've hidden it in a top-secret location.
0:16:48 > 0:16:51So secret, in fact, even Xand doesn't know where it is.
0:16:53 > 0:16:57Wow! Anyway, it's time for some amazing experiments.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00Just don't try anything you see here at home.
0:17:00 > 0:17:03Today, we're looking at your eardrum.
0:17:10 > 0:17:11Xand, what are you doing?
0:17:11 > 0:17:14You know there is no trampolining allowed in the lab.
0:17:14 > 0:17:16Yes, I know, but I just thought...
0:17:16 > 0:17:17No buts, Xand, we have an experiment to do!
0:17:17 > 0:17:20Yes, I know. Which is why...
0:17:20 > 0:17:24- Xand, could we please get on with the experiment?- All right.
0:17:24 > 0:17:26Today we're going to be HEARING about
0:17:26 > 0:17:29one of the most amazing pieces of body kit you've got.
0:17:31 > 0:17:33Your eardrum. Wow!
0:17:33 > 0:17:36- There's nothing there. - No, it is there.
0:17:36 > 0:17:39- Right there, see?- Oh, yeah.
0:17:39 > 0:17:41Now, this one is from a pig.
0:17:41 > 0:17:44It's similar to yours. Yours is actually a bit bigger.
0:17:44 > 0:17:47It's called the tympanic membrane.
0:17:47 > 0:17:50And this is the amazing piece of body kit that vibrates
0:17:50 > 0:17:52when sound reaches it allowing you to hear.
0:17:52 > 0:17:54Let's see one in action.
0:17:54 > 0:17:59Now, I'm going to use this endoscope to show you my eardrum.
0:17:59 > 0:18:02Now, remember, we can only do this because we're doctors.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05You should never stick anything in your ears.
0:18:05 > 0:18:08If you have a look on the screen, you can see that's my ear,
0:18:08 > 0:18:09you can see that clearly.
0:18:09 > 0:18:11And then that goes into the ear canal
0:18:11 > 0:18:14and that's lined with a few hairs, a bit of wax,
0:18:14 > 0:18:18and then that right there, that is the eardrum.
0:18:18 > 0:18:22The eardrum is only 1/10th of a millimetre thick.
0:18:22 > 0:18:26That is five times thinner than a sheet of paper.
0:18:26 > 0:18:29And yet, it's incredibly strong. And if I hold my nose and blow...
0:18:29 > 0:18:34I can make my eardrum pop. Look! You can see it's really stretchy.
0:18:34 > 0:18:37Well, this part actually works a bit like...
0:18:37 > 0:18:38BOTH: A trampoline!
0:18:38 > 0:18:42That's why I brought it in. Anyway, let me get the trampoline.
0:18:44 > 0:18:47Now, the bit of the trampoline I want you to look at
0:18:47 > 0:18:50is the bit that you jump on. The net.
0:18:50 > 0:18:53It's made of lots of elastic fibres that crisscross
0:18:53 > 0:18:57and this makes it stretchy but also very strong.
0:18:57 > 0:19:00And the middle section of your eardrum is also made of
0:19:00 > 0:19:02lots of crisscrossing elastic fibres.
0:19:02 > 0:19:04This time of a protein called collagen.
0:19:04 > 0:19:07Some crossing in lines like spokes on a wheel,
0:19:07 > 0:19:09and some arranged in circles
0:19:09 > 0:19:12so it's also strong and stretchy just like the trampoline.
0:19:12 > 0:19:15But how does your eardrum help you to hear?
0:19:15 > 0:19:18To show you, we have this.
0:19:18 > 0:19:21This is a Ruben's tube,
0:19:21 > 0:19:22and it can show us what sound,
0:19:22 > 0:19:25which is normally invisible, actually looks like.
0:19:25 > 0:19:27If, for example, someone was to sing...
0:19:27 > 0:19:30Sing?! This is my moment!
0:19:30 > 0:19:34OK! Well, when Xand sings, the dreadful sound that he makes
0:19:34 > 0:19:37travels through the air in invisible waves
0:19:37 > 0:19:39and if you're unlucky enough to be near him,
0:19:39 > 0:19:41they go into your ear.
0:19:41 > 0:19:45With the Ruben's tube, we will be able to see the sound waves as fire.
0:19:45 > 0:19:47OK, Xand, take it away.
0:19:47 > 0:19:50HE SINGS NOTES BADLY
0:19:52 > 0:19:56Now, the sound that Xand is making is amplified at this end
0:19:56 > 0:19:58and sound waves are then sent down the tube.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00# Ooooooh! #
0:20:00 > 0:20:03So if you could see sound, it would look like this.
0:20:03 > 0:20:07A wave of high and then low air pressure.
0:20:07 > 0:20:10OK, Xand. I think that's enough.
0:20:10 > 0:20:12So the Ruben's tube shows us that
0:20:12 > 0:20:15sounds are made of waves of air pressure.
0:20:15 > 0:20:18But to understand how those waves get sent into your brain,
0:20:18 > 0:20:20take a look at this.
0:20:20 > 0:20:23This is a model of an eardrum.
0:20:23 > 0:20:26So, your ear would be there, sound comes in through the ear canal.
0:20:26 > 0:20:30This is the eardrum. And this represents the ossicles.
0:20:30 > 0:20:31Remember, that's those three bones,
0:20:31 > 0:20:34the hammer, the anvil and the stirrup,
0:20:34 > 0:20:36that help transmit sound into your brain.
0:20:36 > 0:20:38So now we're going to make some sounds,
0:20:38 > 0:20:39send them into the ear canal,
0:20:39 > 0:20:42and you will see what happens to the ossicles.
0:20:42 > 0:20:45And, Chris, I've cued up your favourite tune.
0:20:45 > 0:20:47- Ooh!- Take it away.
0:20:47 > 0:20:50OPERATION OUCH THEME TUNE
0:20:50 > 0:20:55Now, the sound waves travel through your ear into the ear canal
0:20:55 > 0:20:57where they hit the eardrum.
0:20:57 > 0:20:59This is why it's strong and stretchy,
0:20:59 > 0:21:03to cope with being bombarded with sound all day long.
0:21:03 > 0:21:05Let's see it in slow motion.
0:21:05 > 0:21:09Look how the ossicles, the green bit, is bouncing about.
0:21:09 > 0:21:13It's being moved by the vibrating pink eardrum. Cool!
0:21:13 > 0:21:17The ossicles are what transmit the sound into your brain
0:21:17 > 0:21:20so you can hear the amazing music.
0:21:20 > 0:21:22BOTH: Operation Ouch!
0:21:22 > 0:21:24So, we've shown you what an eardrum looks like,
0:21:24 > 0:21:29and how it's made of strong elastic fibres just like a trampoline.
0:21:29 > 0:21:31And we've shown you how your eardrum works,
0:21:31 > 0:21:35vibrating as the sound waves reach it so you can hear.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38Your eardrum is amazing and that's why you have to look after it,
0:21:38 > 0:21:41so you should never, ever stick anything in your ear
0:21:41 > 0:21:43that's smaller than your elbow.
0:21:45 > 0:21:48It's harder than you make it sound. Can I borrow your elbow?
0:21:50 > 0:21:52SQUEAKING
0:21:52 > 0:21:54That's better.
0:21:57 > 0:21:59Let's head back to accident and emergency...
0:21:59 > 0:22:01For another curious case.
0:22:03 > 0:22:07Arriving at Alder Hey with her dad is football fanatic Lily.
0:22:07 > 0:22:11- I play for two teams.- Two teams? Xand couldn't even get into one.
0:22:11 > 0:22:12Oi!
0:22:12 > 0:22:14What's with the sling?
0:22:14 > 0:22:17Lily was playing a cup game for her local footy club.
0:22:17 > 0:22:19As always, she was on top form.
0:22:19 > 0:22:22She shoots and she scores!
0:22:22 > 0:22:26But the goalkeeper hadn't turned up so Lily went in goal.
0:22:26 > 0:22:28The match ended 2-2 and it went to penalties.
0:22:28 > 0:22:31It's a tense game, Chris, it's going right to the wire.
0:22:31 > 0:22:34The opposition were ready to take their first penalty.
0:22:34 > 0:22:36It's a high shot to the top left corner!
0:22:36 > 0:22:39Lily reached to save it when all of a sudden,
0:22:39 > 0:22:41the ball bent her hand backwards.
0:22:41 > 0:22:43Ouch!
0:22:43 > 0:22:47Ooh! Lily, why not try something safer, like a crossword?
0:22:47 > 0:22:51- I like football a lot.- Are you sure? Even more than crosswords?
0:22:51 > 0:22:53- A lot, a lot.- OK, I believe you.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56Emergency nurse practitioner Nicola Evans
0:22:56 > 0:22:58is here to get you back on the ball.
0:22:58 > 0:23:00Just going to have a little feel.
0:23:00 > 0:23:03Nurse Nicola examines Lily's arm to explore the twist in her wrist.
0:23:04 > 0:23:06What about when we lift it up?
0:23:06 > 0:23:10- A bit on that side.- OK. - Ahh! There.
0:23:11 > 0:23:14With Lily in pain, she's sent straight to X-ray.
0:23:14 > 0:23:16- Hold them, Lily. - That's your X-ray.
0:23:16 > 0:23:18You've got a little crack there.
0:23:18 > 0:23:22She's broken her radius, which is the big bone in her wrist.
0:23:22 > 0:23:25Uh-oh! It's a red card for Lily's radius.
0:23:25 > 0:23:28- So you won't be playing in the school final.- No.
0:23:28 > 0:23:31Oh, no! Lily will be on the bench for a while.
0:23:31 > 0:23:34Time for a temporary cast so the swelling can go down.
0:23:34 > 0:23:37But there's only one thing on Lily's mind.
0:23:37 > 0:23:40- I'm going to miss the final now. - At least your hand will get better.
0:23:40 > 0:23:42Wise words, Dad.
0:23:42 > 0:23:46She'll be back on the football pitch before she knows it. Bye, Lily!
0:23:49 > 0:23:53Your body is amazing, but sometimes it needs fixing.
0:23:53 > 0:23:57In some cases, the only way to do this is with an operation.
0:23:57 > 0:24:02Did you know that 27,000 operations happen in the UK every day?
0:24:02 > 0:24:04Some of these are minor and happen in clinics
0:24:04 > 0:24:06or in accident and emergency.
0:24:06 > 0:24:10But for bigger operations, you have to go to surgery.
0:24:10 > 0:24:11That's where I am today.
0:24:11 > 0:24:15In the theatre at Alder Hey, there are surgeons, nurses,
0:24:15 > 0:24:18but who's this person? That's the anaesthetist.
0:24:18 > 0:24:22It's his job to make sure you don't feel a thing during an operation.
0:24:23 > 0:24:26And they're a vital part of the team in any operating theatre,
0:24:26 > 0:24:29because they put you into a special kind of sleep
0:24:29 > 0:24:31that means you don't feel any pain
0:24:31 > 0:24:33and you don't remember anything at all.
0:24:33 > 0:24:37So, what is an anaesthetic? And how does it work?
0:24:38 > 0:24:42There are two types of anaesthetic. A local and general.
0:24:42 > 0:24:46A local anaesthetic numbs just the injured area of your body.
0:24:46 > 0:24:49So that the pain signals sent to the brain get blocked.
0:24:49 > 0:24:51You might have had one of these when you've had
0:24:51 > 0:24:54a filling at the dentist or a couple of stitches.
0:24:54 > 0:24:56And there's a general anaesthetic,
0:24:56 > 0:24:58like mini Chris had earlier when he cut his hand.
0:24:58 > 0:25:02This is a combination of medicines which you have as an injection
0:25:02 > 0:25:06or as a gas that you inhale and it makes you temporarily unconscious.
0:25:08 > 0:25:10This is anaesthetist Dr Will Gauntlett.
0:25:10 > 0:25:12He's going to give 11-year-old Kieran
0:25:12 > 0:25:15a general anaesthetic for his ear operation.
0:25:15 > 0:25:18So, when was the last time you had anything to eat?
0:25:18 > 0:25:20Before eight o'clock this morning.
0:25:20 > 0:25:22When we go off to sleep, we want you to have
0:25:22 > 0:25:25a nice empty tummy because the last thing we want is any burgers
0:25:25 > 0:25:28and chips to come back up and make a reappearance when you're asleep.
0:25:28 > 0:25:30It's a good job Kieran hasn't eaten anything,
0:25:30 > 0:25:32because with a general anaesthetic,
0:25:32 > 0:25:34your body doesn't function normally and a full stomach
0:25:34 > 0:25:37might mean food gets stuck in your throat.
0:25:37 > 0:25:40Kieran's given an injection and anaesthetic gas
0:25:40 > 0:25:41to send him into sleep.
0:25:41 > 0:25:45It takes him about two minutes to be fully anaesthetised.
0:25:45 > 0:25:49Now, Dad, he's probably ready for an embarrassing kiss now.
0:25:49 > 0:25:51Don't make it a sloppy one, Dad!
0:25:51 > 0:25:54And you've got special plasters to keep his eyes closed?
0:25:54 > 0:25:57Yeah, we put some tape over the eyes so that if any dust does land
0:25:57 > 0:26:00on them, it won't risk scratching the eye while he's asleep.
0:26:00 > 0:26:03We're all ready, now, I think.
0:26:03 > 0:26:05The operation can begin.
0:26:05 > 0:26:08But the anaesthetist's work isn't over yet.
0:26:08 > 0:26:13Now Will's job is to keep Kieran safe while he's in the operation,
0:26:13 > 0:26:15making sure he's getting lots of oxygen into his lungs,
0:26:15 > 0:26:17but also that he doesn't wake up.
0:26:17 > 0:26:20Dr Will has this amazing machine
0:26:20 > 0:26:21to help him give Kieran
0:26:21 > 0:26:24more anaesthetic during the operation if needed.
0:26:24 > 0:26:26How does it work?
0:26:26 > 0:26:28We've got our anaesthetic agents kept up here.
0:26:28 > 0:26:32We have pipes at the back here with oxygen.
0:26:32 > 0:26:35And as it goes through the machine, it will pick up, like,
0:26:35 > 0:26:41a whiff of anaesthetic gas and then out through the pipes off to Kieran.
0:26:41 > 0:26:45What, then, is this pump thing? Is that breathing for him?
0:26:45 > 0:26:48This is a ventilator, and every time Kieran takes a breath,
0:26:48 > 0:26:51the machine gives him a little extra air,
0:26:51 > 0:26:54just to make up for the fact that under anaesthetic,
0:26:54 > 0:26:58his breathing is not quite as strong as it is when he's awake.
0:27:00 > 0:27:02With the operation over,
0:27:02 > 0:27:04it's not long before Kieran is back on the ward.
0:27:04 > 0:27:09Thanks to the awesome anaesthetic, he has no memory of the surgery.
0:27:09 > 0:27:13- Do you remember anyone putting anything in your ears?- No.
0:27:13 > 0:27:15- Did any of it hurt?- No.
0:27:15 > 0:27:18So that's pretty good, isn't it?
0:27:18 > 0:27:22And there's one sure-fire way of finding out if Kieran is better.
0:27:22 > 0:27:24- So, what's your plan for dinner? - Hamburger and chips.
0:27:24 > 0:27:27So if you ever need an operation like Kieran did,
0:27:27 > 0:27:30then you don't need to worry about it being painful, all thanks to
0:27:30 > 0:27:34the amazing anaesthetists and their general anaesthetics.
0:27:35 > 0:27:37Next time, it's a bumpy ride...
0:27:37 > 0:27:40I've lost my shoe completely.
0:27:40 > 0:27:43We meet a paw-fect expert... WOOF!
0:27:43 > 0:27:45And there's limbo in the lab.
0:27:45 > 0:27:47Let battle commence.
0:27:47 > 0:27:51So, we'll see you next time for more Operation Ouch.
0:27:51 > 0:27:54- SIREN WAILS - Chris!- Bye, Xand!
0:27:55 > 0:27:57# I am Dr Xand
0:27:57 > 0:28:00# I'm the star of Operation Ouch... #
0:28:00 > 0:28:02The star?
0:28:02 > 0:28:03# I like to eat in the lab... #
0:28:03 > 0:28:05You're not allowed to eat in the lab!
0:28:05 > 0:28:09# And Mr Grumbles, it's not for the squeamish! #
0:28:09 > 0:28:12- What?- That was funny.