0:00:23 > 0:00:25He's Dr Chris.
0:00:25 > 0:00:26And he's Dr Xand.
0:00:26 > 0:00:29- And we're... BOTH:- Identical twins.
0:00:29 > 0:00:30Or we were until you grew your beard.
0:00:30 > 0:00:32In this series, we're taking over
0:00:32 > 0:00:35one of the biggest children's hospitals in Europe -
0:00:35 > 0:00:38the amazing Alder Hey in Liverpool.
0:00:38 > 0:00:39We'll go head-to-head
0:00:39 > 0:00:42as we take on some of our hospital's most important jobs.
0:00:42 > 0:00:44This isn't going well.
0:00:44 > 0:00:48Ouch And About hits the wards for more medical mysteries.
0:00:48 > 0:00:51- That is a hole going inside your stomach.- Yes.
0:00:51 > 0:00:52WHISTLE BLOWS
0:00:52 > 0:00:55And we'll be meeting our brilliant Ouch Patients
0:00:55 > 0:00:57who come in for regular treatment.
0:00:57 > 0:00:58Hi!
0:00:58 > 0:01:01We've hidden our lab in a top-secret location,
0:01:01 > 0:01:04- and our experiments just... - XAND SCREAMS
0:01:04 > 0:01:06- ..got... - HE BELCHES
0:01:06 > 0:01:07..bigger!
0:01:07 > 0:01:08Ah!
0:01:08 > 0:01:10You guys are crazy!
0:01:10 > 0:01:12So, are you ready to join us?
0:01:12 > 0:01:14It's going to be out of this world!
0:01:14 > 0:01:17- Take us down.- BOTH:- Back to earth!
0:01:18 > 0:01:20Coming up today on...
0:01:24 > 0:01:25Has it started?
0:01:25 > 0:01:27..Operation Ouch.
0:01:30 > 0:01:31We push it to the limit...
0:01:31 > 0:01:34I've lost my shoe completely.
0:01:34 > 0:01:36..meet Ouch Patient Holly...
0:01:36 > 0:01:40- Hi!- ..and find out how crucial your cartilage is.
0:01:40 > 0:01:41How did I do?
0:01:41 > 0:01:43But first...
0:01:43 > 0:01:46Medical teams always expect unexpected cases.
0:01:46 > 0:01:49And this one is a real jaw dropper.
0:01:52 > 0:01:54In Alder Hey's Accident and Emergency,
0:01:54 > 0:01:56the doctors have had a call from Control
0:01:56 > 0:01:59saying the air ambulance is on its way.
0:01:59 > 0:02:01Onboard is 15-year-old Joanna,
0:02:01 > 0:02:04who's been involved in a road traffic collision.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07Joanna had just finished school for the day, yippee!
0:02:07 > 0:02:08She couldn't wait to get home.
0:02:08 > 0:02:12Was she going by speedboat, or aeroplane?
0:02:12 > 0:02:13Or by rocket?
0:02:13 > 0:02:15Xand, she was going to get the bus.
0:02:15 > 0:02:17Oh, right. OK.
0:02:17 > 0:02:19Anyway, Joanna went to cross the road.
0:02:19 > 0:02:21She looked left and right.
0:02:21 > 0:02:24Well, it's always important to cross the road safely.
0:02:24 > 0:02:27Joanna thought the road was clear and walked across,
0:02:27 > 0:02:30when all of a sudden a moped came along and knocked her over.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32- CHRIS AND XAND:- Ouch!
0:02:33 > 0:02:34'Joanna looks OK,
0:02:34 > 0:02:36'but when an emergency like this happens,
0:02:36 > 0:02:39'a specialist unit called the trauma team spring into action.'
0:02:39 > 0:02:42She was awake and alert, responding as normal when we got there.
0:02:42 > 0:02:44Sat up on the road but hadn't got off the road.
0:02:44 > 0:02:47'The team is made up of doctors and nurses
0:02:47 > 0:02:50'as well as surgery and X-ray specialists.'
0:02:50 > 0:02:53Is that sore on this side? Sore in the middle?
0:02:53 > 0:02:56'Doctor Shirley Mulvaney is one of the doctors on duty.
0:02:56 > 0:02:58'She immediately begins to check Joanna
0:02:58 > 0:02:59'for life-threatening injuries.'
0:02:59 > 0:03:02'Doctor Shirley starts with an ABC check.
0:03:02 > 0:03:03'That's...'
0:03:06 > 0:03:09'The good news is, Joanna isn't in serious danger,
0:03:09 > 0:03:11'so now the doctor moves on
0:03:11 > 0:03:13'to check which parts of her body are in pain.'
0:03:13 > 0:03:15- Does it hurt on this side? - Yeah.- Yeah.
0:03:15 > 0:03:18- Does it hurt even when I press you here?- Yeah, a bit.
0:03:18 > 0:03:21She was complaining of pain on the left side of her body mainly.
0:03:21 > 0:03:23One thing that we also look at is the spine,
0:03:23 > 0:03:27because we need to make sure that essentially everything's OK
0:03:27 > 0:03:30from the bone point of view, that there is no cracks. Is that sore?
0:03:30 > 0:03:31Yes.
0:03:31 > 0:03:34- She's very sore all along the midline.- Yeah.- OK.
0:03:34 > 0:03:36'Even though Joanna's back is painful,
0:03:36 > 0:03:39'the doctors don't think there's a serious spinal injury.'
0:03:39 > 0:03:41'But to be sure there aren't any other broken bones,
0:03:41 > 0:03:43'she's sent off to X-ray.'
0:03:43 > 0:03:45'We'll catch up with her later to see the results.'
0:03:50 > 0:03:53'In hospital, it's not just the doctors and nurses
0:03:53 > 0:03:54'who help you to get fixed.
0:03:54 > 0:03:58'There are lots of other heroes working behind the scenes.'
0:03:58 > 0:04:02- Yes!- 'What will happen when we have a go at their amazing jobs?'
0:04:02 > 0:04:04Welcome to The Doctor Chris Show.
0:04:04 > 0:04:05- BOTH:- Useless!
0:04:05 > 0:04:08This is Operation Takeover.
0:04:09 > 0:04:13Today's hospital heroes are porters Robbie and Robbie.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15The two Robbies are part of whole squad of people
0:04:15 > 0:04:17who keep everything in the hospital moving,
0:04:17 > 0:04:20from the patients themselves to vital medical equipment.
0:04:20 > 0:04:24- Right. So guys, we're going to spend the day as porters with you.- Yeah.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26What's the number one thing we mustn't get wrong today?
0:04:26 > 0:04:28We mustn't fall asleep on the job.
0:04:28 > 0:04:29- Xand!- Ah!
0:04:29 > 0:04:31What? Oh!
0:04:31 > 0:04:33Sorry, Robbie. Sorry, Robbie.
0:04:33 > 0:04:35- Next time, you're sacked.- Yeah.
0:04:35 > 0:04:36Apart from not falling asleep on the job,
0:04:36 > 0:04:39what's the most important thing about being a porter?
0:04:39 > 0:04:42Making the patients feel as confident as possible.
0:04:42 > 0:04:44Everyone's nervous going to hospital.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48I think we help to put the kids at ease, and the parents at ease.
0:04:48 > 0:04:50We'll talk to them, entertain them,
0:04:50 > 0:04:54and then ask them what they want for the first meal when they wake up.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56- Do they want snot on toast? - CHRIS LAUGHS
0:04:56 > 0:04:58I love snot on toast!
0:04:58 > 0:05:01It's snot funny for long, Xand.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03The Robbies want to see if we're up to the job.
0:05:03 > 0:05:07- OK, I'm ready. I'm ready. - Three, two, one, forward.
0:05:09 > 0:05:10Oh, you said forwards!
0:05:10 > 0:05:13OK, all right. But walk backwards, then.
0:05:13 > 0:05:16- OK, you ready? - Three, two, one, go.
0:05:16 > 0:05:19- They're not going to get a job. - Useless.- BOTH: Useless!
0:05:19 > 0:05:21'Hmm, we do need some practice.
0:05:21 > 0:05:25'It's vital for porters to know the hospital inside out.
0:05:25 > 0:05:27'And with a combined 32 years of experience,
0:05:27 > 0:05:30'these two reckon they could do their job with their eyes shut.'
0:05:30 > 0:05:32'Well, let's put it to the test!'
0:05:32 > 0:05:35So the question is, does Robbie know his way around this hospital
0:05:35 > 0:05:37blindfolded with earplugs in?
0:05:37 > 0:05:40'There's no way he'll know what ward we've taken him to!'
0:05:40 > 0:05:42Chris, we're going to...
0:05:44 > 0:05:47So before we take off the blindfold, tell us where you think you are.
0:05:47 > 0:05:52Judging by the doors that had to be opened, I'd say 4C.
0:05:52 > 0:05:55- Wow!- That is pretty good, actually.
0:05:55 > 0:05:57'The Robbies make that look easy.'
0:05:57 > 0:05:59'But it's not just knowing your way around the hospital,
0:05:59 > 0:06:02'it's about looking after the patients.'
0:06:02 > 0:06:04'Nine-year-old Megan has been in and out of hospitals
0:06:04 > 0:06:06'since she was three and a half,
0:06:06 > 0:06:08'so she knows a good porter when she sees one.'
0:06:08 > 0:06:10So you've just come down from upstairs.
0:06:10 > 0:06:12What was your experience with the porters?
0:06:12 > 0:06:14Cos you're the real porter expert.
0:06:14 > 0:06:18- Really good.- We're about to have our portering exam.
0:06:18 > 0:06:19So what do you think...
0:06:19 > 0:06:22What would be, like, three bits of advice you'd give us
0:06:22 > 0:06:25about being the best porters we can be?
0:06:25 > 0:06:27Make sure you know where you're going,
0:06:27 > 0:06:29don't crash into anything,
0:06:29 > 0:06:31and entertain the person.
0:06:31 > 0:06:34'Great advice, Megan. We definitely need it!
0:06:34 > 0:06:38'It's time for us to take over as hospital porters.'
0:06:38 > 0:06:39'I can't believe I've got to wear blue!'
0:06:39 > 0:06:42We're about to find out who's better at portering.
0:06:42 > 0:06:46And I have to say, I'm ready to put this issue to bed once and for all!
0:06:46 > 0:06:50I mean, if you think you're going to win, you're off your trolley!
0:06:50 > 0:06:54Our challenge is to go from this examination room to theatre one
0:06:54 > 0:06:56in the quickest time possible.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59It normally takes us a maximum four minutes.
0:06:59 > 0:07:01I think this sounds relatively straightforward.
0:07:01 > 0:07:04- Where is theatre one? - I've got no idea.- It's all right.
0:07:04 > 0:07:05There'll be a sign. We'll figure it out.
0:07:05 > 0:07:07It must be around here somewhere.
0:07:07 > 0:07:09Right, Chris, you're up first.
0:07:09 > 0:07:11Go, go, go, go!
0:07:11 > 0:07:13Come on! Come on, Chris!
0:07:13 > 0:07:14'Ah, forgotten something?'
0:07:14 > 0:07:17The what? Oh, the brakes.
0:07:17 > 0:07:18'Come on, clever clogs,'
0:07:18 > 0:07:23- 'aren't you worried your patient is going to fall out of bed?'- Oh!
0:07:23 > 0:07:25The danger.
0:07:25 > 0:07:26So, right.
0:07:26 > 0:07:30So the first thing is, I want to engage in some friendly banter.
0:07:30 > 0:07:31'You? Banter?'
0:07:31 > 0:07:33Um... Er...
0:07:33 > 0:07:36- This isn't going well. - 'Didn't think so!'
0:07:36 > 0:07:39While I go one way, Xand's gone the other.
0:07:39 > 0:07:41All right, theatres, theatres, theatres.
0:07:41 > 0:07:43Yeah, he's going the wrong way for a start.
0:07:43 > 0:07:45'Already lost, Xand?'
0:07:45 > 0:07:47There's nothing on the sign! Ah!
0:07:47 > 0:07:49'Time for some patient entertainment.'
0:07:49 > 0:07:50- Knock, knock.- Who's there?
0:07:50 > 0:07:52Europe.
0:07:52 > 0:07:53Europe who?
0:07:53 > 0:07:55- No, you're a poo!- Oh!
0:07:55 > 0:07:56'Embarrassing, Chris.'
0:07:56 > 0:07:59Well, yeah, but at least I've not gone to the basement.
0:08:00 > 0:08:02Oh, no!
0:08:02 > 0:08:03There's no-one here!
0:08:03 > 0:08:06- I'm miles away. - So now what are we going to do?
0:08:06 > 0:08:08- I'm feeling a bit dizzy.- OK.
0:08:08 > 0:08:10OK, I've just got to get it under control.
0:08:10 > 0:08:12He seems to be going all over the place.
0:08:12 > 0:08:13I've lost my shoe completely!
0:08:13 > 0:08:16What am I doing? Come on.
0:08:17 > 0:08:19Looks like we're finally getting close.
0:08:19 > 0:08:21Or at least, I am.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24'Oh, this is like an obstacle course! Oops.
0:08:24 > 0:08:28- 'But I'm on the home stretch.' - Oh! Ouch! Ouch!
0:08:28 > 0:08:30'Hot on your heels, Chris!'
0:08:30 > 0:08:32- Ah!- Sorry about that.
0:08:32 > 0:08:35Hello! Here we are.
0:08:35 > 0:08:37Ta-da!
0:08:37 > 0:08:39'I've definitely won this.
0:08:39 > 0:08:40'I don't think so.'
0:08:40 > 0:08:41Victory is mine.
0:08:41 > 0:08:43'There's only one way to settle it.'
0:08:45 > 0:08:50One of you was four and a half minutes faster than the other one.
0:08:51 > 0:08:53And the winner is...
0:08:56 > 0:08:58- ..Doctor Chris!- Yes!
0:08:58 > 0:09:01Nine minutes, 28 seconds - in your face!
0:09:01 > 0:09:02Whatever.
0:09:02 > 0:09:08It takes us on average four minutes from the ward to theatre.
0:09:08 > 0:09:09Not very good.
0:09:09 > 0:09:11Well, Xand, it's pretty clear to me
0:09:11 > 0:09:14that porters like Robbie and Robbie are essential
0:09:14 > 0:09:16to the running of this hospital.
0:09:16 > 0:09:17And we have not covered ourselves in glory.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20- I think we should hand the bed back. - Thank you.
0:09:20 > 0:09:23- And who should we send the bill to for the damage?- Doctor Xand.
0:09:23 > 0:09:25I've forgotten my wallet. Let's go!
0:09:25 > 0:09:27ROBBIE AND ROBBIE LAUGH
0:09:30 > 0:09:33Meet Ruby, Haiden, Holly and Tola.
0:09:33 > 0:09:35We're following them across the series
0:09:35 > 0:09:39as they let us know what it's like to be a regular hospital outpatient.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42They've given us exclusive access to their lives
0:09:42 > 0:09:44as they undergo treatment.
0:09:44 > 0:09:46Let's meet our Ouch Patient Holly.
0:09:46 > 0:09:47Hello, Holly!
0:09:47 > 0:09:52Hi, everyone! So I'm going to give you a little tour of my house.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55So firstly, here is my little brother Michael.
0:09:55 > 0:09:56Ooh, nice Hulk outfit!
0:09:56 > 0:09:59Hey, don't leave me in here!
0:09:59 > 0:10:01Nine-year-old Holly has cerebral palsy,
0:10:01 > 0:10:04a condition which impacts muscle control and movement.
0:10:04 > 0:10:08In my case, it affects all four of my limbs,
0:10:08 > 0:10:12but it affects my legs a lot more than it does my arms.
0:10:12 > 0:10:13With cerebral palsy,
0:10:13 > 0:10:16the brain doesn't communicate properly with the body's muscles.
0:10:16 > 0:10:20It's like if you're in, like, a cafe and the Wi-Fi's down,
0:10:20 > 0:10:22you can't send a text message to someone.
0:10:22 > 0:10:25This is the table that me and my brother get washed at in the morning
0:10:25 > 0:10:29instead of me having to stand at the sink and get washed.
0:10:29 > 0:10:34Cerebral palsy does have quite a big impact on my day-to-day life.
0:10:34 > 0:10:38From appearance, it looks like it's, like, really painful,
0:10:38 > 0:10:40and it's really hard,
0:10:40 > 0:10:42but it's really not.
0:10:42 > 0:10:43You've just got to go with the flow
0:10:43 > 0:10:46and kind of get on with it, you know?
0:10:46 > 0:10:50This is our accessible shower room.
0:10:50 > 0:10:53There I have my shower chair, which I sit in to have a shower
0:10:53 > 0:10:56because, obviously, I can't stand up while I'm having a shower.
0:10:56 > 0:10:59I really like it, because I get to do it myself.
0:10:59 > 0:11:05I have to go to physio with Rosemary in school every one to two weeks.
0:11:05 > 0:11:07Holly has regular physio treatment,
0:11:07 > 0:11:10not just at school, but also at hospital and at home.
0:11:10 > 0:11:11You ready?
0:11:12 > 0:11:14- Ta-da!- Ta-da!
0:11:14 > 0:11:16Find out how I get on next time. Bye!
0:11:19 > 0:11:21Back in Accident and Emergency,
0:11:21 > 0:11:24Joanna is waiting for news of her X-ray.
0:11:24 > 0:11:26Let's find out how she's getting on!
0:11:29 > 0:11:31Earlier, 15-year-old Joanna was rushed to hospital
0:11:31 > 0:11:33in an air ambulance.
0:11:33 > 0:11:36Joanna was walking across the road when all of a sudden,
0:11:36 > 0:11:39a moped came along and knocked her over!
0:11:39 > 0:11:40Joanna was in a lot of pain,
0:11:40 > 0:11:44and was sent down to X-ray to see if she'd broken any bones.
0:11:44 > 0:11:46Doctor Shirley Mulvaney takes a look.
0:11:46 > 0:11:48So this is the X-ray of what we call the femur,
0:11:48 > 0:11:50which is the big bone of the leg.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52So as you can see, it's nice and smooth,
0:11:52 > 0:11:54there's no breaks in the bone.
0:11:54 > 0:11:56So this is the pelvis -
0:11:56 > 0:11:58seeing that all the lines are nice and smooth.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01The last X-ray we did was a chest X-ray.
0:12:01 > 0:12:05And we have a very good look at the ribs cos her chest was so sore.
0:12:05 > 0:12:07And you can see they're all nice and smooth,
0:12:07 > 0:12:08there's no cracks in any of them.
0:12:08 > 0:12:11You can also see her spine here, and if you look at the bones,
0:12:11 > 0:12:12they all look OK.
0:12:12 > 0:12:14And everything's absolutely fine.
0:12:14 > 0:12:16Well, that's great news for Joanna.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19With all serious injuries ruled out,
0:12:19 > 0:12:22Doctor Shirley works through every part of Joanna's body
0:12:22 > 0:12:24to make sure there are no outstanding injuries.
0:12:24 > 0:12:27Fantastic. So you've got the all-clear from everything else, OK?
0:12:27 > 0:12:28Everything looks fine.
0:12:28 > 0:12:31You're still going to be a bit sore in this leg.
0:12:31 > 0:12:33So, it's what we call a contusion,
0:12:33 > 0:12:35and that means that the muscle's bruised.
0:12:35 > 0:12:38So we'll give you some Calpol and some Nurofen, OK?
0:12:38 > 0:12:42And then if you're OK in a couple of hours, we'll send you home.
0:12:42 > 0:12:45- OK?- 'So, nearly home time.' - 'How are you feeling, Joanna?'
0:12:45 > 0:12:49I feel a bit tired because they gave me some paracetamol
0:12:49 > 0:12:50to not feel the pain.
0:12:50 > 0:12:55'Well, with plenty of rest, we hope you'll be back to 100% soon.'
0:12:55 > 0:12:56- CHRIS AND XAND:- 'Bye!'
0:12:58 > 0:13:00'Still to come -
0:13:00 > 0:13:03'we find out what makes you flexible...'
0:13:03 > 0:13:04I think you can let go now.
0:13:04 > 0:13:07'..say hello to Ouch Patient Haiden...'
0:13:07 > 0:13:08Good boy!
0:13:08 > 0:13:11'..and Chris meets a canine carer...'
0:13:11 > 0:13:13- Thank you, Nala.- '..but first...'
0:13:19 > 0:13:20It's what helps you move.
0:13:25 > 0:13:26And now to our lab.
0:13:26 > 0:13:30But this time, we've hidden it in a top-secret location.
0:13:30 > 0:13:33So secret that even Xand doesn't know where it is.
0:13:33 > 0:13:34Wow!
0:13:34 > 0:13:37It's time for some amazing experiments.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40Just don't try any thing you see here at home.
0:13:40 > 0:13:43Today, we're investigating the grisly stuff in your joints.
0:13:45 > 0:13:47Chris, what are you doing?
0:13:47 > 0:13:49I'm measuring how tall you are.
0:13:49 > 0:13:51But I can tell you exactly how tall I am!
0:13:51 > 0:13:55I'm six foot, or 183 centimetres exactly.
0:13:55 > 0:13:58- Well, you might have shrunk. - Shrunk? I've not shrunk!
0:13:58 > 0:14:00Well, you could be wrong there.
0:14:00 > 0:14:02We can all shrink a little bit each day
0:14:02 > 0:14:04due to the stuff in between our bones
0:14:04 > 0:14:05called cartilage.
0:14:05 > 0:14:09The cartilage discs in between the bones of your spine get pressed down
0:14:09 > 0:14:10as you stand up all day.
0:14:10 > 0:14:13So you might end up a centimetre shorter at the end of the day
0:14:13 > 0:14:15than when you woke up in the morning.
0:14:15 > 0:14:17Don't worry, though, because at night when you're asleep,
0:14:17 > 0:14:20the discs in your spine expand again, and you grow.
0:14:20 > 0:14:22Well, that is a relief!
0:14:22 > 0:14:24You can actually try this at home.
0:14:24 > 0:14:26Try measuring yourself first thing in the morning
0:14:26 > 0:14:28and last thing at night,
0:14:28 > 0:14:30and let us know how you get on.
0:14:30 > 0:14:32You have around 360 joints,
0:14:32 > 0:14:34and there's cartilage in most of them.
0:14:34 > 0:14:36What does it actually do?
0:14:36 > 0:14:37Well, take a look at this.
0:14:37 > 0:14:41What I've got here is a real knee joint from a pig,
0:14:41 > 0:14:43and it looks a lot like a human knee joint.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46Come closer, and get a really good look.
0:14:46 > 0:14:49This is what cartilage looks like.
0:14:49 > 0:14:51It's packed on the surfaces of the joint,
0:14:51 > 0:14:53and it acts a bit like a lubricant.
0:14:53 > 0:14:56It keeps the bones moving smoothly.
0:14:56 > 0:14:58'Without this super slippy cartilage,
0:14:58 > 0:15:01'it would be a lot harder for your joints to move freely.'
0:15:01 > 0:15:03So with the help of cartilage,
0:15:03 > 0:15:07we can move our knees and hips and other joints as freely as we like.
0:15:07 > 0:15:09But cartilage isn't just in your joints.
0:15:09 > 0:15:14It's also what gives your nose and ears shape, and makes them rubbery.
0:15:14 > 0:15:16I think you can let go now.
0:15:16 > 0:15:19Now, even though you can bend cartilage without breaking it,
0:15:19 > 0:15:20you can still damage it.
0:15:20 > 0:15:23And you can even kill it if the blood supply's cut off.
0:15:23 > 0:15:26It would be good to be able to show this somehow, wouldn't it?
0:15:26 > 0:15:28What we need for that is a prop.
0:15:28 > 0:15:31Where are we going to get a prop? Prop, prop, prop.
0:15:31 > 0:15:33- What about in the cupboard? - Of Everything?
0:15:33 > 0:15:36- Yes, the Cupboard Of Everything. - Oh, yeah!
0:15:39 > 0:15:44Got one! This is Alex Corbisiero, England rugby prop,
0:15:44 > 0:15:46that's the position he plays, get it?
0:15:46 > 0:15:48Well, it's very good that you're here, Alex,
0:15:48 > 0:15:51because I think you have an interesting thing
0:15:51 > 0:15:52about the cartilage in your ears.
0:15:52 > 0:15:55Yes. I have something they call cauliflower ear,
0:15:55 > 0:15:56which comes from playing rugby,
0:15:56 > 0:15:58specifically around the scrum,
0:15:58 > 0:16:01where the big guys get down and they push really hard against each other,
0:16:01 > 0:16:04and that causes rubbing and crushing on the ear.
0:16:04 > 0:16:06Gradually they get a bit thicker and thicker
0:16:06 > 0:16:08and start to look like a cauliflower,
0:16:08 > 0:16:10and that's why we call it cauliflower ear.
0:16:10 > 0:16:12If we compare Xand's ear to Alex's,
0:16:12 > 0:16:14we can see that Xand's is thin and hollow,
0:16:14 > 0:16:17but Alex's ear is a different shape, and has a big thick bit.
0:16:17 > 0:16:21And that's where the membrane that covers his cartilage,
0:16:21 > 0:16:23that supplies it with blood and nutrients,
0:16:23 > 0:16:25has been rubbed off in the scrum.
0:16:25 > 0:16:26The cartilage underneath it died,
0:16:26 > 0:16:30and got replaced by thick, fibrous scar tissue.
0:16:30 > 0:16:32You don't need to worry if you play rugby.
0:16:32 > 0:16:35Cauliflower ear can be prevented by...
0:16:37 > 0:16:41I probably should have done that, but I'm happy with my ears still,
0:16:41 > 0:16:43and my mum still thinks I'm pretty!
0:16:43 > 0:16:46Exactly, Mrs Corbisiero, and so do we.
0:16:46 > 0:16:48Now, um... Listen, this is a bit awkward
0:16:48 > 0:16:51cos we're actually done with Alex now, but I don't...
0:16:51 > 0:16:53I don't know how to politely ask him to leave.
0:16:53 > 0:16:56- You know what rugby players like? - Oh, yeah.
0:16:57 > 0:16:59Rugby balls.
0:16:59 > 0:17:00Alex!
0:17:03 > 0:17:05Well, that did the trick!
0:17:05 > 0:17:07So, we've seen damaged cartilage
0:17:07 > 0:17:10and we've seen healthy cartilage inside our body,
0:17:10 > 0:17:13which acts like a lubricant, helping our joints move smoothly.
0:17:13 > 0:17:15But what would happen to our bodies
0:17:15 > 0:17:17if we didn't have any cartilage at all?
0:17:17 > 0:17:19Well, get ready to find out, Xand,
0:17:19 > 0:17:24because you and I are competing in the Cartilage Lab Olympics.
0:17:28 > 0:17:29I will be playing for...
0:17:30 > 0:17:32And I will be playing for...
0:17:32 > 0:17:34Wait, who am I playing for?
0:17:34 > 0:17:35You will be playing for...
0:17:37 > 0:17:40- So, Xand, you're going to be wearing a very special outfit.- Am I?
0:17:40 > 0:17:43You are going to be wearing a suit of armour.
0:17:43 > 0:17:45This armour will restrict Xand's movement,
0:17:45 > 0:17:46and make him really stiff,
0:17:46 > 0:17:49which is what it would be like to have no cartilage.
0:17:49 > 0:17:51Well, at least it's the best I could do.
0:17:51 > 0:17:53Event number one.
0:17:55 > 0:17:58- Let battle commence! - Battle commence!
0:17:58 > 0:18:00The cartilage between the vertebrae in my spine
0:18:00 > 0:18:02allows it to be super bendy,
0:18:02 > 0:18:05resulting in this fine limbo action.
0:18:05 > 0:18:06Well, you would say that!
0:18:06 > 0:18:08Whatever. Can you compete?
0:18:10 > 0:18:13No. Xand's armour is forcing his joints to be stiff,
0:18:13 > 0:18:15just like they would be if he had no cartilage.
0:18:15 > 0:18:17So he's uncomfortable and clunky.
0:18:17 > 0:18:20- What a donkey! - DONKEY BRAYS
0:18:24 > 0:18:26Just look at my freely moving limbs.
0:18:26 > 0:18:27It's a speedy slam dunk.
0:18:27 > 0:18:29You are such a show off!
0:18:30 > 0:18:32Right, move over. My go.
0:18:32 > 0:18:34I've got this! If I can just...
0:18:34 > 0:18:37- XAND GROANS - Xand is slow and stiff as a board.
0:18:37 > 0:18:40With no cartilage, he can't even bend his knees,
0:18:40 > 0:18:42and he struggles to get the ball.
0:18:42 > 0:18:44Off with his head, I say!
0:18:44 > 0:18:47How'd I do?
0:18:47 > 0:18:49It was a close run thing, Xand.
0:18:49 > 0:18:52But the final score was 2-0 to me.
0:18:52 > 0:18:56So, we've shown you that you have cartilage all over your body,
0:18:56 > 0:18:59and you can feel it in your nose and ears.
0:18:59 > 0:19:01And we've shown you that without cartilage,
0:19:01 > 0:19:04your body would be slow, uncomfortable and stiff.
0:19:04 > 0:19:07Right, Chris. That was fun, but this is no time for games.
0:19:07 > 0:19:11There are damsels in distress and I must hurry to rescue them!
0:19:20 > 0:19:22Let's meet Ouch Patient Haiden.
0:19:23 > 0:19:26Buster, give me a high five.
0:19:26 > 0:19:28Good boy!
0:19:28 > 0:19:30I've got Marfan syndrome.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33Marfan syndrome can affect many parts of your body.
0:19:33 > 0:19:35Go get it, Bust.
0:19:35 > 0:19:38In Haiden's case, it's his heart.
0:19:38 > 0:19:42If I run up them stairs really fast,
0:19:42 > 0:19:44it'll make my heart beat really fast.
0:19:44 > 0:19:47Marfan syndrome runs in the family.
0:19:47 > 0:19:49Haiden's mum and brother have it, but Buster doesn't.
0:19:49 > 0:19:54Haiden needs an operation to fix the main artery in his heart, the aorta.
0:19:54 > 0:19:56His mum and brother have had the same surgery,
0:19:56 > 0:19:58and it really helped them.
0:19:58 > 0:20:03My mum, she said that I'm going to be joining the zipper club.
0:20:03 > 0:20:07- The zipper club?- And that's where you have a scar right down you.
0:20:07 > 0:20:10- Ah, I see!- So now it Haiden's turn.
0:20:10 > 0:20:13He's getting ready to go into hospital for his own heart surgery.
0:20:13 > 0:20:16I am packing all my clothes and all my games.
0:20:19 > 0:20:23I'm feeling very happy that I'm having the operation
0:20:23 > 0:20:29cos I will be able to run as much as I want now.
0:20:31 > 0:20:34It's time to say bye-bye to the family,
0:20:34 > 0:20:36not forgetting his furry friend, Buster.
0:20:39 > 0:20:43Haiden's off to spend the night in hospital before his big day.
0:20:43 > 0:20:45I'll see you tomorrow, night-night!
0:20:45 > 0:20:46Night, Haiden!
0:20:46 > 0:20:48Find out next time how Haiden gets on.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56Your body is amazing, but sometimes it needs fixing.
0:20:56 > 0:21:00All over UK, there are special teams of professionals
0:21:00 > 0:21:02trained to tackle medical mysteries,
0:21:02 > 0:21:04and some you might not expect.
0:21:06 > 0:21:08All hospitals try and reduce stress,
0:21:08 > 0:21:12but this particular hospital calls on the services
0:21:12 > 0:21:14of a very special expert to do that -
0:21:14 > 0:21:19someone with lots of blonde hair, bad breath, and a wet nose.
0:21:19 > 0:21:20Meet golden retriever Nala.
0:21:20 > 0:21:24She's worked as a pet therapy dog for 14 years,
0:21:24 > 0:21:27and is known at this hospital as Dr Dog.
0:21:27 > 0:21:29- # Snoop Doggy Dogg. # - DOG BARKS
0:21:29 > 0:21:33Animal therapy dogs like Nala need to be calm, obedient,
0:21:33 > 0:21:34and really intelligent.
0:21:34 > 0:21:37Not any old mutt can make the cut.
0:21:37 > 0:21:41Two of Nala's biggest fans are Spike and his sister Poppy.
0:21:41 > 0:21:45Spike has been in and out of hospital for most of his life.
0:21:45 > 0:21:47He and Nala have become good friends.
0:21:47 > 0:21:50What's your favourite bit of Nala to stroke?
0:21:50 > 0:21:52- I've got two.- Go for it.
0:21:52 > 0:21:55Her ears, and her tummy.
0:21:55 > 0:21:59And her tummy? How does it make you feel when you see Nala?
0:21:59 > 0:22:00Happy.
0:22:00 > 0:22:03And Poppy, how do you feel? Cos you come into hospital a lot
0:22:03 > 0:22:05to see your younger brother.
0:22:05 > 0:22:08Yeah, I think Nala helps you relax.
0:22:08 > 0:22:11- Nala, do you feel happy when you see Spike?- 'Yes.'
0:22:11 > 0:22:14Nala makes new friends every day.
0:22:14 > 0:22:16Harvey has just popped in for a checkup.
0:22:16 > 0:22:17While you've been with Nala,
0:22:17 > 0:22:19have you been agonising about your appointment?
0:22:19 > 0:22:21I've just been thinking about the dog, really.
0:22:21 > 0:22:24Dogs, they're, like, really cuddly,
0:22:24 > 0:22:26and they just look really cute.
0:22:26 > 0:22:33Once you've petted her, we ask everyone to spray their hands.
0:22:33 > 0:22:36Nala has a bottle of germ-busting gel attached to her collar.
0:22:37 > 0:22:39Do you know why that's important?
0:22:39 > 0:22:43You might get germs if you put your hand in your mouth,
0:22:43 > 0:22:46so you've got to wash your hands.
0:22:46 > 0:22:48That is exactly right.
0:22:48 > 0:22:51There's no doubt that this professional pooch
0:22:51 > 0:22:52can put a smile on your face,
0:22:52 > 0:22:56but can Nala really have a physical effect on a patient's health?
0:22:56 > 0:22:58Well, let's put Dr Dog to the test!
0:22:58 > 0:23:00To help me, here's Miracle,
0:23:00 > 0:23:03who's in hospital having kidney dialysis treatment.
0:23:03 > 0:23:05Can you explain to me how it all works?
0:23:05 > 0:23:07The machine can clean my blood.
0:23:07 > 0:23:10So, the machine is taking the place of your kidneys?
0:23:10 > 0:23:11- Is that right?- Mm-hm.
0:23:11 > 0:23:15So, what I want to do is while you're having your dialysis,
0:23:15 > 0:23:17I want to measure your blood pressure.
0:23:17 > 0:23:19And then we're going to bring in Nala the dog
0:23:19 > 0:23:23- and we're going to see what happens to your blood pressure.- Mm-hm.
0:23:23 > 0:23:26A blood pressure test is a simple way to check
0:23:26 > 0:23:27if a patient is stressed.
0:23:27 > 0:23:30Being stressed out can lead to high blood pressure,
0:23:30 > 0:23:32which means that your heart is under extra strain.
0:23:32 > 0:23:37So, Miracle, at the moment, your blood pressure is 116/67.
0:23:37 > 0:23:40Those numbers mean Miracle's blood pressure is already within
0:23:40 > 0:23:41the normal range,
0:23:41 > 0:23:45but let's see if Nala can make Miracle even more relaxed.
0:23:45 > 0:23:47After a few minutes of stroking our happy hound,
0:23:47 > 0:23:49we take Miracle's blood pressure again.
0:23:49 > 0:23:57So, Miracle, your blood pressure has gone from 116/67 to 105/59.
0:23:57 > 0:23:59So, although it's still within the normal range,
0:23:59 > 0:24:01her blood pressure has gone down,
0:24:01 > 0:24:03meaning Miracle is more relaxed,
0:24:03 > 0:24:04and less stressed.
0:24:04 > 0:24:06The science is clear -
0:24:06 > 0:24:08not only does Nala make people smile,
0:24:08 > 0:24:11she also physically improves a patient's health.
0:24:11 > 0:24:13For me, that is totally amazing,
0:24:13 > 0:24:15that we can bring an animal in
0:24:15 > 0:24:17and just through affecting Miracle's mood,
0:24:17 > 0:24:20we can have a really big effect.
0:24:20 > 0:24:23Now, stress over a long time can be bad for your body,
0:24:23 > 0:24:26but dogs like Nala are amazing at relieving it,
0:24:26 > 0:24:29so every single person she's met today, including me,
0:24:29 > 0:24:30has had a little boost.
0:24:30 > 0:24:33I feel very relaxed. Thank you, Nala!
0:24:37 > 0:24:41In Accident and Emergency, doctors and nurses need to act fast.
0:24:41 > 0:24:43Fast?! I can act fast!
0:24:44 > 0:24:47Especially when strange things like this happen.
0:24:48 > 0:24:52Waiting in the emergency department is 13-year-old Liam and his dad.
0:24:52 > 0:24:54'And what's that?'
0:24:54 > 0:24:56- A spring in me thumb. - 'What happened?!'
0:24:58 > 0:25:01Liam was working hard at school doing an exam.
0:25:01 > 0:25:03Ooh! What was the exam?
0:25:03 > 0:25:04Shh!
0:25:04 > 0:25:06Shh, Xand. It was history.
0:25:06 > 0:25:11- Oh, OK.- Anyway, Liam had just finished the last question,
0:25:11 > 0:25:14when he spotted a pencil with a spring wrapped around the top.
0:25:14 > 0:25:18Weird! Where was it from? So interesting!
0:25:18 > 0:25:19Shh!
0:25:19 > 0:25:21Xand, that's not the point.
0:25:21 > 0:25:25As he started to unravel the spring, it got caught on his thumb.
0:25:25 > 0:25:27Liam couldn't yelp because he has to keep quiet,
0:25:27 > 0:25:29and so the spring went further and further,
0:25:29 > 0:25:32until it was totally wedged in.
0:25:32 > 0:25:34- CHRIS AND XAND: Ouch!- Shh!
0:25:34 > 0:25:36Sorry!
0:25:36 > 0:25:38'Liam's thumb is starting to throb.'
0:25:38 > 0:25:41I can feel the spring moving inside my skin.
0:25:41 > 0:25:45'And it's stopping him doing very important things.'
0:25:45 > 0:25:47I can't open me phone, because you need to fingerprint it,
0:25:47 > 0:25:51and my fingerprint finger is the one with the spring in.
0:25:51 > 0:25:54'He hasn't been able to speak to his mates for hours.
0:25:54 > 0:25:56'This is a text-mergency!
0:25:56 > 0:25:58'Doctor!'
0:25:58 > 0:26:00It's Dr Sian Beasley to the rescue.
0:26:02 > 0:26:04Dr Sian checks his hand can move properly.
0:26:04 > 0:26:08- Is that moving OK?- Yeah. - Down and up? Back and round? Good.
0:26:08 > 0:26:12'All looks OK, but he still can't text, Dr Sian. What's the plan?'
0:26:12 > 0:26:14We're going to give him some gas and air,
0:26:14 > 0:26:17and then me and a senior colleague will just try and remove that gently
0:26:17 > 0:26:18from his thumb.
0:26:18 > 0:26:20'Pulling out the spring is going to hurt,
0:26:20 > 0:26:23'so Liam needs some help with the pain.
0:26:23 > 0:26:27'Gas and air is a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen.'
0:26:27 > 0:26:30'As you breathe it in, the gas numbs the pain receptors in your brain,
0:26:30 > 0:26:32'making things hurt less.
0:26:32 > 0:26:36'And it can make you giggle, too, so it's also called laughing gas.
0:26:37 > 0:26:41'Ready to spring into action is Dr Daniel Murray.
0:26:41 > 0:26:44'He's got the gas, and a nice tash.'
0:26:44 > 0:26:46This goes in the mouth, OK?
0:26:46 > 0:26:48Deep breaths in and out.
0:26:48 > 0:26:50And out.
0:26:50 > 0:26:52And keep going.
0:26:52 > 0:26:54- How are you feeling? - LIAM LAUGHS
0:26:54 > 0:26:57- There we go.- 'LOL, it's working!'
0:26:57 > 0:27:00'Even Dr Sian's bad jokes are getting a giggle.'
0:27:00 > 0:27:02What did the cheese say to the other cheese?
0:27:02 > 0:27:05'I don't know, what did the cheese say to the other cheese?'
0:27:05 > 0:27:07- Halloumi.- 'Hello me?!' - HE GIGGLES
0:27:07 > 0:27:09'Halloumi! Ha!
0:27:09 > 0:27:13'And finally that sneaky spring's history.'
0:27:13 > 0:27:15- Perfect!- Well done. - It looks really good.
0:27:15 > 0:27:18I couldn't feel any sign of anything being left behind,
0:27:18 > 0:27:21- so it will be just fine.- 'Any lessons to take back to school?'
0:27:21 > 0:27:23The lesson I've learned - not to unravel springs.
0:27:23 > 0:27:27'Good lad. That's one top texting thumb back in action.'
0:27:27 > 0:27:29'Phew!'
0:27:29 > 0:27:32Next time on Operation Ouch, Hospital Takeover.
0:27:33 > 0:27:36'Find out why we're making a big...'
0:27:36 > 0:27:38Aah! '..bang!'
0:27:38 > 0:27:40'We get revved up by race car technology.'
0:27:40 > 0:27:42That is amazing.
0:27:42 > 0:27:44'And we have a go at this.'
0:27:44 > 0:27:48Ambulance. Tell me exactly what happened.
0:27:48 > 0:27:51So, we'll see you next time for more Operation Ouch!
0:27:51 > 0:27:53What? Is it over?!
0:27:53 > 0:27:55I was really enjoying that.
0:27:55 > 0:27:57How did I do?
0:27:57 > 0:28:00How did I do?
0:28:00 > 0:28:01How do I do that?
0:28:01 > 0:28:04Next up is an event called hurdlimbo.
0:28:09 > 0:28:11- Are you all right? - HE LAUGHS