0:00:19 > 0:00:21(Operation ouch.)
0:00:23 > 0:00:25'He's Dr Chris.
0:00:27 > 0:00:30'And he's Dr Xand. Yes, we're twins.
0:00:30 > 0:00:34'Do you know just how brilliant your body really is?
0:00:34 > 0:00:36'Well, now's the time to find out.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39'We'll be uncovering the ins and outs of what you're made of.'
0:00:39 > 0:00:43I've got a big hole in my head.
0:00:43 > 0:00:46'We'll be doing awesome experiments...'
0:00:46 > 0:00:47HIGH PITCHED: You sound ridiculous.
0:00:47 > 0:00:49- LOW PITCHED:- I can't speak.
0:00:49 > 0:00:51THEY LAUGH
0:00:51 > 0:00:55- '..as we push our own bodies to the limits...'- OK, here we go.
0:00:55 > 0:00:56Oh, oh...
0:00:56 > 0:01:01'..to show you all the incredible things your body can do.
0:01:01 > 0:01:02Oh, no!
0:01:04 > 0:01:07Hang around, because this is going to be fun.
0:01:07 > 0:01:10- Coming up today. - On Operation Ouch...
0:01:13 > 0:01:16'Olivia and Rees come in to accident and emergency,
0:01:16 > 0:01:17'but the team are ready to fix them.
0:01:17 > 0:01:20'There's shock and horror in the streets,
0:01:20 > 0:01:22'as we take a peek at this man's amazing body.'
0:01:22 > 0:01:23SHE SCREAMS
0:01:23 > 0:01:28'We're going to show you a real human brain and look inside it too.
0:01:28 > 0:01:30'And I join an emergency rescue team
0:01:30 > 0:01:32'as they race to the scene of an accident.'
0:01:32 > 0:01:34Just keep breathing. Every time you feel pain,
0:01:34 > 0:01:36take a really nice deep breath.
0:01:37 > 0:01:38(Ouch.)
0:01:38 > 0:01:42Hospital doctors and nurses always expect the unexpected.
0:01:42 > 0:01:44Let's see how they fix our first patient.
0:01:44 > 0:01:46'This one's a bit gory, injury fans.
0:01:46 > 0:01:49'We're in A&E at Alder Hey Hospital in Liverpool,
0:01:49 > 0:01:52'where 11 year-old Olivia has come in with a metal hook
0:01:52 > 0:01:54'from her dinner pass stuck in her hand.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56'Like I told you, gory.'
0:01:56 > 0:01:58'I had hold of it and then my mate',
0:01:58 > 0:02:01he pulled it off my neck, because he went, can I have it? And I went, no.
0:02:01 > 0:02:04- 'Right, OK'.- I said no. And then he pulled it...- 'Right.'
0:02:04 > 0:02:06- I went, ow!- 'Er, yes.'
0:02:06 > 0:02:10- All everybody could do was... - 'Er, OK.'
0:02:10 > 0:02:13- That's not real...- 'Hold on. Take a breather, Olivia'.- What?
0:02:13 > 0:02:15'Let's start again, shall we?
0:02:15 > 0:02:19'It was lunchtime at school and Olivia was in the food queue.
0:02:19 > 0:02:22'She was wearing her dinner passed around her neck
0:02:22 > 0:02:24'and contemplating the sausages,
0:02:24 > 0:02:26'when her schoolmates started larking about.
0:02:26 > 0:02:30'He said, "Can I borrow your pass?" She said, "No, you can't."
0:02:30 > 0:02:32'So he pulled her pass really hard.
0:02:32 > 0:02:35'Olivia tried to hold onto it, he pulled,
0:02:35 > 0:02:37'she pulled and the next minute, the hook went into her hand.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39'Ouch.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41'That looks nasty.'
0:02:41 > 0:02:45- Hiya!- 'Not that Olivia seems too down about it.
0:02:45 > 0:02:49'Still, mum, dad and brother George have arrived for some moral support.
0:02:49 > 0:02:52'So, what do you think of your sister's wound then, George?
0:02:52 > 0:02:55- It looks like a pomegranate. - 'A pome what?'- A pomegranate,
0:02:55 > 0:02:57that's got stuck in there, with a hook.
0:02:57 > 0:02:59It's a blood clot,
0:02:59 > 0:03:02because if that wasn't there, then all the blood would just whoosh.
0:03:02 > 0:03:05Let's see what nurse Laura makes of it.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07We need to have a little an X-ray
0:03:07 > 0:03:10so we can see how deep it's gone and how we're going to get it out.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13'But Olivia's mum raises another problem.
0:03:13 > 0:03:17'Olivia is due to take part in her school play TONIGHT.'
0:03:17 > 0:03:19She's supposed to be in the Bugsy Malone drama production
0:03:19 > 0:03:22and she's wanting to still be in the show.
0:03:22 > 0:03:25- Is it a practice tonight? - No, it's proper like.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27She's been practising since October.
0:03:27 > 0:03:29'Only three hours to go till the play starts,
0:03:29 > 0:03:32'but will Olivia make it on stage?'
0:03:32 > 0:03:37It just depends, I need to see how deep it's gone in first.
0:03:37 > 0:03:40'With the clock ticking, let's get those X-rays done.
0:03:40 > 0:03:44'If the hook turned out to be too close to the bone,
0:03:44 > 0:03:46'Olivia may need an operation.'
0:03:46 > 0:03:47Ah.
0:03:47 > 0:03:50'We'll be back later to find out
0:03:50 > 0:03:52'if Olivia can be de-hooked in time for that play.'
0:03:54 > 0:03:55(Ouch.)
0:03:57 > 0:03:58'This is our lab,
0:03:58 > 0:04:01'where we're going to do some incredible body experiments.'
0:04:01 > 0:04:03Ow, that really hurt.
0:04:03 > 0:04:06'Just don't try anything you see here at home.'
0:04:07 > 0:04:08Today, we're sneezing.
0:04:08 > 0:04:11I'm going to show you something about sneezing that you won't know
0:04:11 > 0:04:15and Xand, I'm pretty sure even as a doctor, you won't know this either.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18'First of all, I need to get Xand to sneeze.'
0:04:18 > 0:04:21Try rolling up the corner of this piece of tissue paper
0:04:21 > 0:04:23- and stick it in your nose.- Really?
0:04:28 > 0:04:30HE SNEEZES LOUDLY
0:04:30 > 0:04:32'Xand! Cover your mouth.'
0:04:32 > 0:04:35I'm covered in spit. So, what happened there?
0:04:35 > 0:04:38I put something up my nose and my body just blew it out,
0:04:38 > 0:04:39because it didn't like it.
0:04:39 > 0:04:41How does it clear your nose?
0:04:41 > 0:04:44You sort of go... like that and just blow everything out of your nose.
0:04:44 > 0:04:46That's what you think happens?
0:04:46 > 0:04:48This is really good, so even doctors
0:04:48 > 0:04:51honestly think this happens when you sneeze
0:04:51 > 0:04:53and that is completely wrong.
0:04:53 > 0:04:55You don't blow anything out your nose when you sneeze.
0:04:55 > 0:04:57Everything comes out your mouth.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00We can prove it to you if you look at this video of me sneezing.
0:05:00 > 0:05:06'OK, here we go. I'm going... I'm going... I've gone.'
0:05:06 > 0:05:08'That's all saliva that was in my mouth,
0:05:08 > 0:05:11'but nothing is coming out of my nose.
0:05:11 > 0:05:15'It's only after I sneeze that my body will create mucus
0:05:15 > 0:05:18'to flush out whatever irritated my nose in the first place
0:05:18 > 0:05:21'and that's when snot will come out of my nostrils.'
0:05:21 > 0:05:23So we've shown you that when you sneeze,
0:05:23 > 0:05:25the spray only comes out your mouth.
0:05:25 > 0:05:27But imagine if Chris had been ill when he sneezed.
0:05:27 > 0:05:29Every single one of those droplets
0:05:29 > 0:05:32could have contained disease-spreading germs.
0:05:32 > 0:05:36And that's why it's so important to cover your mouth.
0:05:36 > 0:05:39Now we're going to show you just how big and powerful a sneeze can be.
0:05:42 > 0:05:45We're going to create our own work of art.
0:05:45 > 0:05:47We'll both drink different coloured liquids,
0:05:47 > 0:05:50then get a sneeze going to create our masterpiece.
0:05:50 > 0:05:52Get ready for germ art!
0:05:56 > 0:05:58OK, so are you going to go first?
0:06:02 > 0:06:05HE SNEEZES THEY GIGGLE
0:06:07 > 0:06:09That's really good!
0:06:09 > 0:06:13'Thanks! Now you'll notice an amazing splatter effect,
0:06:13 > 0:06:17'and that's all down to the speed our sneezes are travelling.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19'100kmph, to be precise.'
0:06:19 > 0:06:23'And remember, if we were ill, that would all be germs.'
0:06:23 > 0:06:26I really like what you've done there, though. You've really drawn...
0:06:26 > 0:06:27I've got the nose right.
0:06:29 > 0:06:31I don't know why everyone doesn't paint this way!
0:06:31 > 0:06:34Now, with all this sneezing, look what's started to happen.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37Yep, snot. And that's the mucus our bodies have created
0:06:37 > 0:06:40to flush out what was making us sneeze.
0:06:40 > 0:06:44I hope we've painted for you a clear picture of why it's so important
0:06:44 > 0:06:46to cover your mouth when you sneeze,
0:06:46 > 0:06:48use a tissue, or do it into your elbow.
0:06:48 > 0:06:51You've got a little snot...
0:06:54 > 0:06:55In the UK, there are hundreds
0:06:55 > 0:06:58of rapid response medical teams on standby.
0:06:58 > 0:07:01And they need to be on the scene of an emergency in minutes.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06We're going on call with the UK's emergency services,
0:07:06 > 0:07:08heading into the thick of the action to help save lives.
0:07:08 > 0:07:11Now it's Xand's turn on the front line.
0:07:11 > 0:07:14This is the West Midlands Ambulance Service
0:07:14 > 0:07:15rapid response vehicle,
0:07:15 > 0:07:18and the paramedics who drive these are on call 24-7,
0:07:18 > 0:07:22so that they're always ready to deal with medical emergencies.
0:07:22 > 0:07:24- Jan, can I hit the lights? - Go on, then!
0:07:24 > 0:07:28SIRENS WAIL Yes!
0:07:28 > 0:07:33This fast medical service takes thousands of 999 calls every day.
0:07:33 > 0:07:34If you had an accident,
0:07:34 > 0:07:37they're the people you'd want to come to your rescue.
0:07:37 > 0:07:40On call with me today is paramedic, Jan Vann.
0:07:43 > 0:07:46We're on a 999 call to see an 18-year-old girl
0:07:46 > 0:07:48who's fallen and hurt her shoulder.
0:07:48 > 0:07:50We don't know anything more than that.
0:07:50 > 0:07:53In the call centre, they're putting information into the computer,
0:07:53 > 0:07:55and that's coming up on screen.
0:07:55 > 0:07:58We can see she's got a hurt shoulder. She is breathing, she's conscious.
0:07:58 > 0:08:01So when you phone 999, the ambulance can be heading towards you
0:08:01 > 0:08:03even as you're giving more information.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06It's only five minutes since the call came in.
0:08:06 > 0:08:08We're almost at the scene, and I've got my camera ready,
0:08:08 > 0:08:11so you'll be able to see exactly what's going on.
0:08:12 > 0:08:13- Hiya!- Hi!
0:08:13 > 0:08:14The patient is called Saffron,
0:08:14 > 0:08:18and her shoulder's clearly giving her a lot of pain.
0:08:18 > 0:08:20I've got gas and air that I'm going to give you.
0:08:20 > 0:08:21Put it in your mouth and breathe in.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24After a few puffs on the gas and air,
0:08:24 > 0:08:26Jan can get a chance to examine Saffron.
0:08:26 > 0:08:29- You weren't knocked out, at all, were you?- No.
0:08:29 > 0:08:31What Jan's doing now is giving her gas and air.
0:08:31 > 0:08:33It should make her much more comfortable.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35Then we can look at the shoulder.
0:08:35 > 0:08:36- SHE CRIES OUT - Sorry!
0:08:36 > 0:08:38I think she's broken her collarbone.
0:08:38 > 0:08:40When you try and feel for the hard bone,
0:08:40 > 0:08:43there's a bit of a gap there and it disappears,
0:08:43 > 0:08:44and she's in quite a lot of pain.
0:08:44 > 0:08:47What I'm going to do is I'm going to put a sling on your arm.
0:08:47 > 0:08:50That's going to support it for you, so you can let go of it, OK?
0:08:50 > 0:08:51Jan's been able to see that
0:08:51 > 0:08:53she's probably got a broken collarbone.
0:08:53 > 0:08:55Very painful, but not life-threatening, which is good.
0:08:55 > 0:08:57All right?
0:08:57 > 0:08:59So if you take really big, lungfuls of gas.
0:08:59 > 0:09:00Just keep breathing.
0:09:00 > 0:09:01Every time feel pain,
0:09:01 > 0:09:03take a really nice, deep breath.
0:09:03 > 0:09:05That's really good.
0:09:05 > 0:09:06Deep breaths, love.
0:09:06 > 0:09:08You can see how much pain affects people.
0:09:08 > 0:09:11She's really sweaty,
0:09:11 > 0:09:13she's not really able to speak.
0:09:13 > 0:09:15That bone there feels OK, yeah?
0:09:15 > 0:09:17Though we think she's just got a broken collarbone,
0:09:17 > 0:09:19which isn't that serious an injury,
0:09:19 > 0:09:22we've got the ECG, the monitors, we're taking blood pressure,
0:09:22 > 0:09:24we're looking at her heart, at her breathing.
0:09:24 > 0:09:27All of that's to make sure she hasn't got any other injuries,
0:09:27 > 0:09:28or underlying problems.
0:09:28 > 0:09:30- Is the gas making you feel better? - Yeah.
0:09:30 > 0:09:32Keep breathing it in, then, OK?
0:09:32 > 0:09:34You're doing brilliantly now.
0:09:34 > 0:09:37You'll notice how much better Saffron looks
0:09:37 > 0:09:38with the gas and air and with the sling.
0:09:38 > 0:09:39Her arm's immobilised
0:09:39 > 0:09:41so the bones aren't grinding,
0:09:41 > 0:09:42and the colour's come back to her cheeks.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45She's looking much better. She still needs to go to hospital,
0:09:45 > 0:09:47but you can see how much of a difference it makes
0:09:47 > 0:09:49having Jan here quickly.
0:09:49 > 0:09:51An ambulance has arrived
0:09:51 > 0:09:53to take Saffron to hospital for further treatment.
0:09:56 > 0:09:59So, with our job here done, we head back to the car,
0:09:59 > 0:10:02ready for when the next call comes in.
0:10:05 > 0:10:07It's thanks to paramedics like Jan who can get to a scene fast
0:10:07 > 0:10:10that means that, in an emergency,
0:10:10 > 0:10:12you'll never be more than a few minutes away from medical care.
0:10:14 > 0:10:17Still to come, Xand hits the hospital wards,
0:10:17 > 0:10:20and takes on a plaster cast challenge.
0:10:20 > 0:10:24Can you stop your friends from standing up with one finger?
0:10:24 > 0:10:25We'll show you how to do it.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29And I'm going to show you the insides of a real human brain.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32The brain inside your head is soft and squishy.
0:10:39 > 0:10:41Wow, that's amazing! And so's this.
0:10:41 > 0:10:44An ordinary high-street in an ordinary town,
0:10:44 > 0:10:47full of ordinary people.
0:10:47 > 0:10:50But one man here has an extraordinary power.
0:10:50 > 0:10:55Is it the ability to get away with wearing a lilac shirt?
0:10:55 > 0:10:56No. Although he does do that as well.
0:10:56 > 0:11:01No, his extraordinary power lies behind those sunglasses.
0:11:01 > 0:11:02Take that!
0:11:02 > 0:11:04- THEY SQUEAL - And that!
0:11:04 > 0:11:07- THEY SCREAM AND LAUGH - How do you do that?
0:11:08 > 0:11:10Oh, are you serious?!
0:11:10 > 0:11:12HE LAUGHS CHILD SCREAMS
0:11:12 > 0:11:14No, I can't look!
0:11:14 > 0:11:16Wondering what all the fuss is about?
0:11:16 > 0:11:18- Oh, my God!- Well, check this out.
0:11:20 > 0:11:22This is Antonio "Popeye" Francis.
0:11:22 > 0:11:25I can't imagine where he got that nickname from!
0:11:25 > 0:11:27But you may have seen him on Britain's Got Talent.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30Antonio first discovered he could pop his eyes out
0:11:30 > 0:11:32when he was seven years old.
0:11:32 > 0:11:34I was combing my hair. I had a big Afro.
0:11:34 > 0:11:36As I pulled the comb, it got stuck in my hair.
0:11:36 > 0:11:40And as I pulled it, my left eye just popped out on its own.
0:11:43 > 0:11:46So how does Antonio's amazing body do this?
0:11:46 > 0:11:48Behind our eyes lie six muscles
0:11:48 > 0:11:51controlling the movement of our eyeballs.
0:11:51 > 0:11:55Antonio has the amazing ability to contract these muscles,
0:11:55 > 0:11:57pushing his eyeballs out.
0:11:57 > 0:12:01He can do it up to 200 times without needing a rest,
0:12:01 > 0:12:06and he reckons they come out a whopping 12.3 mm!
0:12:08 > 0:12:10Now that's amazing!
0:12:16 > 0:12:18It's nothing like Antonio.
0:12:18 > 0:12:20Let's head back to Accident and Emergency
0:12:20 > 0:12:22to see where we're at with our patient.
0:12:28 > 0:12:31Back in Liverpool, 11-year-old Olivia's in hospital
0:12:31 > 0:12:33with a horrid hand injury.
0:12:33 > 0:12:36Her mate was trying to pull her dinner pass from around her neck,
0:12:36 > 0:12:39when the metal hook got stuck in her thumb.
0:12:39 > 0:12:42Due to perform the school play tonight,
0:12:42 > 0:12:44she's been anxiously awaiting
0:12:44 > 0:12:46her X-ray results to find out if she'll need surgery.
0:12:46 > 0:12:47Olivia's X-ray shows that
0:12:47 > 0:12:50she has got the clip stuck within the soft tissue.
0:12:50 > 0:12:54It's not touching bone, so that's really good.
0:12:54 > 0:12:55So hopefully, she'll be able to
0:12:55 > 0:12:57have that removed in A&E without any surgery.
0:12:57 > 0:13:00That's good news. The hook may be lying close to the bone,
0:13:00 > 0:13:03but it isn't touching it.
0:13:03 > 0:13:06- 'With a bit of luck, then, tonight's show might go on!'- Thank you.
0:13:07 > 0:13:09Meet nurse practitioner, Julia Maxted.
0:13:09 > 0:13:11She'll be the one hoping to unhook that hook.
0:13:11 > 0:13:13But first...
0:13:13 > 0:13:15Pop your lips round that, and take nice, deep breaths.
0:13:15 > 0:13:18And it'll make a funny noise. That's it.
0:13:18 > 0:13:20Although Olivia doesn't need surgery,
0:13:20 > 0:13:22removing the hook will still be painful,
0:13:22 > 0:13:26so to numb the pain, nurse Julia gives our patient some gas and air.
0:13:26 > 0:13:28It's often called laughing gas, and you can see why.
0:13:28 > 0:13:31- SHE GIGGLES - This is boss!
0:13:31 > 0:13:35Laughing gas is a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen.
0:13:35 > 0:13:39As you breathe it in, the gas numbs the pain receptors in your brain,
0:13:39 > 0:13:43making things hurt less and giving you a giggle along the way.
0:13:43 > 0:13:45With Olivia looking relaxed,
0:13:45 > 0:13:48it's time to tell the hook to sling its hook.
0:13:48 > 0:13:50You're being brilliant.
0:13:50 > 0:13:52- SHE GIGGLES - Is that making you laugh?
0:13:52 > 0:13:54- Ow!- Sorry!
0:13:54 > 0:13:55That's not, though!
0:13:55 > 0:13:56If it hurts, keep puffing on that.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59Nurse Julia is carefully trying to ease the hook out.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03It's nearly there.
0:14:04 > 0:14:05All done.
0:14:07 > 0:14:10Yes, it's out!
0:14:10 > 0:14:12The trickiest thing was opening it up.
0:14:12 > 0:14:13The clamp bit was quite stiff.
0:14:13 > 0:14:15Have another puff, keep puffing.
0:14:15 > 0:14:17You're all right! It's done!
0:14:17 > 0:14:20And doing it without moving it, because that's when it hurts.
0:14:20 > 0:14:22So actually, it's just actually pushing it in
0:14:22 > 0:14:25and then pulling it without her really noticing what you were doing.
0:14:25 > 0:14:29GEORGE: How did she get on with the laughing gas?
0:14:29 > 0:14:30I started laughing!
0:14:30 > 0:14:32Can have some?
0:14:32 > 0:14:34No, George, you can't have any!
0:14:34 > 0:14:35That horrible hook's only just out,
0:14:35 > 0:14:38but Olivia's already got bigger things on her mind.
0:14:38 > 0:14:39Can I do my show, then?
0:14:39 > 0:14:41SHE LAUGHS
0:14:41 > 0:14:43Well, that's dedication for you!
0:14:43 > 0:14:45We'll see how you are in an hour.
0:14:45 > 0:14:48Well, that was a pretty big hook!
0:14:48 > 0:14:49Good job getting it out!
0:14:49 > 0:14:50Unhooked and happy,
0:14:50 > 0:14:53Olivia is ready to star in her play at last.
0:14:57 > 0:15:00We've got some incredible body tricks to show you.
0:15:00 > 0:15:04Want to find out how to stop your friends moving with just one finger?
0:15:04 > 0:15:08OK, come and stand in a ring - at arm's length.
0:15:08 > 0:15:11Cos I don't like the way you all smell.
0:15:11 > 0:15:14- I'm going to stop you from standing up with one finger.- No, you're not.
0:15:14 > 0:15:18OK, sit down. Now put your head against the wall.
0:15:18 > 0:15:21And I'm going to stop you standing up with just one finger there.
0:15:21 > 0:15:23OK, now try to stand up.
0:15:25 > 0:15:29Stand up. All you've got to do is make sure your hands on your knees.
0:15:31 > 0:15:34- Do you think one of you could stop him from standing up?- Yes!
0:15:34 > 0:15:38Who's the smallest? Come forward and point your finger like that.
0:15:38 > 0:15:41- You'll never stop me.- Now, ready?
0:15:41 > 0:15:43LAUGHTER
0:15:44 > 0:15:47It's not just Xand that can't stand up.
0:15:47 > 0:15:49No-one can.
0:15:49 > 0:15:52I can't do it!
0:15:54 > 0:15:58You're not going to hurt me, Solomon. You'll never keep me down!
0:15:58 > 0:16:01You don't really have to be super strong to make this trick work.
0:16:01 > 0:16:05It's more about balance. Watch what happens when Xand stands up.
0:16:05 > 0:16:08He leans forward, and now he can stand up.
0:16:08 > 0:16:11So you have to move all your weight over your feet. Sit down.
0:16:11 > 0:16:16Now stand up. If you stop him moving forward, then he can't do anything.
0:16:16 > 0:16:19Because he can't stand up like that or he'll fall over backwards.
0:16:19 > 0:16:21Stop it!
0:16:21 > 0:16:25Try it yourself, and see how you can be a superhero with just one finger.
0:16:29 > 0:16:33Now it's time for us to hit the hospitals and show you what goes on.
0:16:33 > 0:16:38Today, Xand is on duty in the plaster room.
0:16:38 > 0:16:41If you break a bone, you'll come here to get it plastered.
0:16:43 > 0:16:46Plastering broken limbs is a technique that has been
0:16:46 > 0:16:48used for over 200 years.
0:16:48 > 0:16:51This team sees hundreds of patients each week,
0:16:51 > 0:16:53so they need to work fast.
0:16:56 > 0:16:58A plaster cast keeps a broken bone in place
0:16:58 > 0:17:01so that it can heal in the correct position.
0:17:01 > 0:17:05- Can you tell me what happened? - I've broken my thumb.
0:17:05 > 0:17:09- Tripped and it snapped. This bit here.- Right in the joint.
0:17:09 > 0:17:11When you get a cast like Jack,
0:17:11 > 0:17:14first, a sock goes on to stop the cast itching.
0:17:14 > 0:17:17Then, a layer of cotton wool padding,
0:17:17 > 0:17:22and finally a layer of plaster which sets superquick into a hard shell.
0:17:22 > 0:17:25So you're just going to look like, "Yeah, Jack is here, yes to this."
0:17:25 > 0:17:29Everyone who gets a cast on obviously has to have it taken off.
0:17:31 > 0:17:36- Like Jordan here.- What did you do?- I broke my ankle.- How did you do that?
0:17:36 > 0:17:38- I was playing rugby. - "Love and kisses?"
0:17:38 > 0:17:41Looks like it might all have been worth it!
0:17:41 > 0:17:43THEY LAUGH
0:17:45 > 0:17:49To get that cast off requires a saw, but not just any saw.
0:17:49 > 0:17:50Check this out.
0:17:50 > 0:17:53What this saw can do is distinguish between hard and soft things.
0:17:58 > 0:18:01So it can cut through things like wood or plaster cast,
0:18:01 > 0:18:04but it won't damage anything soft like your skin.
0:18:04 > 0:18:06Let me show you on your hands.
0:18:11 > 0:18:13That's amazing, it just tickles.
0:18:13 > 0:18:16That's because it has a special vibrating blade.
0:18:16 > 0:18:20When used by an expert, it means your cast can be off quickly
0:18:20 > 0:18:22and without hurting you.
0:18:22 > 0:18:25Anyway, time to meet our next patient.
0:18:25 > 0:18:29- Hang on, I recognise that person. - What have you done?
0:18:29 > 0:18:33- I broke my leg, what do you think I did.- Did you come off your swing?
0:18:33 > 0:18:34- Come off your trampoline?- Yes.
0:18:34 > 0:18:37Actually, the reason I'm here is because I'm going to get Xand
0:18:37 > 0:18:41to race Julie to see who can get the cast off quicker.
0:18:42 > 0:18:45'On one arm will be specialist orthopaedic practitioner Julie.
0:18:45 > 0:18:47'With 17 years' experience.
0:18:47 > 0:18:50'On the other will be Dr Xand, who has been on the ward
0:18:50 > 0:18:52'for just one day.'
0:18:52 > 0:18:54On your marks, set, go!
0:18:57 > 0:19:00'This ward sees hundreds of patients a week,
0:19:00 > 0:19:04'so the team have to be able to get cast on and off quickly.
0:19:04 > 0:19:07'The question is, is Xand up to the job?
0:19:08 > 0:19:13'Julie is already on the inside. Come on, Xand, what are you doing?
0:19:15 > 0:19:19'A quick snip with the scissors and I think we have a winner!
0:19:19 > 0:19:22'Somebody is still going, though.'
0:19:28 > 0:19:32- Am I winning? - Let me think about that. No.
0:19:34 > 0:19:38Oh, my goodness. Is he ever going to finish?
0:19:40 > 0:19:44- Yes!- About time too. - What was the margin?
0:19:44 > 0:19:47Julie, you finished in an impressive 51 seconds.
0:19:47 > 0:19:50Xand, you took just under five minutes.
0:19:50 > 0:19:53If you worked here, which would be ridiculous,
0:19:53 > 0:19:55Julie would see five times as many people as you.
0:19:55 > 0:19:59'That just goes to how skilled experts like Julie are.
0:19:59 > 0:20:03'So if you break a bone, you'll be in safe hands - quite literally.'
0:20:22 > 0:20:25Believe it or not, the answer is B.
0:20:25 > 0:20:30Your brain really does perform 10 quadrillion calculations a second.
0:20:30 > 0:20:34Which means your brain is the most complicated computer on the planet.
0:20:34 > 0:20:38- So why is it so wrinkly?- This is a case for Investigation Ouch.
0:20:39 > 0:20:43I'm here at the Brain Cut Room at University College London,
0:20:43 > 0:20:46and I'm about to get really close to a human brain.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49This is not for the squeamish.
0:20:49 > 0:20:54We've got exclusive access to this human brain to show you
0:20:54 > 0:20:55all its inner workings.
0:20:55 > 0:20:58This organ controls every single thing you do.
0:20:58 > 0:21:02Even now, your brain is busy sending messages all over your body.
0:21:02 > 0:21:06This brain feels rubbery because it has been preserved.
0:21:06 > 0:21:10But the brain inside your head right now is soft and squishy.
0:21:11 > 0:21:15That's because our brains are made up of 75 percent water.
0:21:15 > 0:21:17The rest is mostly fat.
0:21:22 > 0:21:25The average adult brain weighs 1.5 kilos.
0:21:25 > 0:21:27That's as much as three tins of baked beans.
0:21:27 > 0:21:31Try picking them up and you will see how much weight a neck has to carry.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34But there's more to find out then that,
0:21:34 > 0:21:37so let's pick the brains of a specialist.
0:21:37 > 0:21:41Meet Dr Helen Ling, a brain doctor, or neurologist.
0:21:41 > 0:21:45So why does the brain look like this? Why is it wrinkly?
0:21:45 > 0:21:47The surface of our brain is actually folded.
0:21:47 > 0:21:51These bumps and grooves increase the surface area of our brain.
0:21:51 > 0:21:54So if we unfolded all of this, it would be enormous.
0:21:55 > 0:21:58We would need a head the size of a surfboard.
0:21:58 > 0:22:01How does the brain sit inside the skull,
0:22:01 > 0:22:04is it just resting gently on the bones?
0:22:04 > 0:22:07Our brain is surrounded by a clear,
0:22:07 > 0:22:10colourless fluid, which acts as a cushion which protects the brain.
0:22:10 > 0:22:13When you're at the swimming pool and you feel weightless on a lilo,
0:22:13 > 0:22:15that's the same thing your brain is doing.
0:22:15 > 0:22:19It's just chilling out on this fluid inside your skull.
0:22:19 > 0:22:21Hey, baby!
0:22:21 > 0:22:24But it does a lot more than just chill out.
0:22:24 > 0:22:28This big, wrinkly structure is controlling your body 24/7.
0:22:28 > 0:22:30Yes, even when you're asleep.
0:22:30 > 0:22:34There are different sections in charge of different jobs,
0:22:34 > 0:22:36but which bit does what?
0:22:36 > 0:22:38Well, towards the front is the motor cortex.
0:22:38 > 0:22:40This tells you when to move
0:22:40 > 0:22:42by sending signals down your spinal-cord.
0:22:45 > 0:22:50When I'm hungry and my stomach is gurgling, which bit is doing that?
0:22:50 > 0:22:53- It would be the hypothalamus. - This bit right in the middle.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56- Right here.- So when I'm hungry,
0:22:56 > 0:22:59this bit right in the middle sends out chemicals that tell me to eat.
0:22:59 > 0:23:02And when I've eaten, it sends out chemicals telling me
0:23:02 > 0:23:03I can stop eating.
0:23:05 > 0:23:08What about memories, where are they kept?
0:23:08 > 0:23:10The new memories are kept in the hippocampus,
0:23:10 > 0:23:12which is right inside here.
0:23:12 > 0:23:15You can actually see it over here.
0:23:15 > 0:23:18The hippocampus is like a temporary drive in the computer,
0:23:18 > 0:23:21so new memory is kept there.
0:23:21 > 0:23:25But when we're asleep, the hippocampus backs up new memories
0:23:25 > 0:23:27so you can remember them years later.
0:23:27 > 0:23:31So although the brain is full of fat and water,
0:23:31 > 0:23:35it is actually one of the most amazing computers on earth.
0:23:35 > 0:23:38Not bad for something that looks like a sponge.
0:23:40 > 0:23:44It's time to meet another patient in the emergency department.
0:23:44 > 0:23:46The staff may think they've seen it all,
0:23:46 > 0:23:49but they won't be expecting this.
0:23:49 > 0:23:53Accident and Emergency. Here, lives are saved.
0:23:53 > 0:23:56Doctors battle with serious injuries, terrible accidents,
0:23:56 > 0:23:59life and death traumas.
0:23:59 > 0:24:02So what terrifying problem has 13-year-old Rhys brought with him?
0:24:02 > 0:24:06- Basically, I was watching television last night with my nan.- Go on.
0:24:08 > 0:24:12- And I was scratching my toenail and I picked it off.- No way, you didn't!
0:24:12 > 0:24:17And I went to scratch my nose and the toenail went right up my nose.
0:24:17 > 0:24:22I'm sorry, what? He thinks he's got a toenail up his nose?! Apparently.
0:24:23 > 0:24:26Rhys was watching TV with his nan, chilling out,
0:24:26 > 0:24:29picking his toenails, as you do.
0:24:29 > 0:24:33- I most certainly do not! - When he pulled off a biggie -
0:24:33 > 0:24:34a right naily corker.
0:24:34 > 0:24:37But then his nose started itching. He wanted to scratch.
0:24:37 > 0:24:41And with that cheesy nail still on his finger, he went for it.
0:24:41 > 0:24:43Both nail and finger went up the hooter,
0:24:43 > 0:24:45but only his finger came out.
0:24:45 > 0:24:47Rhys reckons that bit of toenail is still up there. Ouch!
0:24:49 > 0:24:51It's just a silly thing that's happened,
0:24:51 > 0:24:53but I'm going to get laughed at at school tomorrow.
0:24:53 > 0:24:57Well, don't be hard on yourself, there's a first time for everything.
0:24:57 > 0:25:00I got my fingernail stuck in my eye once.
0:25:00 > 0:25:05- Right, so not the first time then. What is this, a hobby?- Top that.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10Enter Dr Colin Campbell. Let's hope he's up to the challenge.
0:25:10 > 0:25:12So what brought you into hospital today?
0:25:12 > 0:25:15I was picking my toenail, and I went to scratch my nose,
0:25:15 > 0:25:18not realising the nail was still on my finger.
0:25:18 > 0:25:23- And it went up my nose and I sniffed it up.- OK.
0:25:23 > 0:25:25He looks as bemused as me.
0:25:25 > 0:25:28I don't get told that very often.
0:25:28 > 0:25:31- Very embarrassing.- Which side of your nose has it gone up?
0:25:31 > 0:25:32It's gone right up.
0:25:32 > 0:25:36First, Dr Colin tries to see if he can spot the chewed off nail.
0:25:36 > 0:25:40It must be a pretty sight up there. Hope you're enjoying the view.
0:25:40 > 0:25:41I can't see the nail.
0:25:41 > 0:25:45So what I want you to do is just block that right nostril
0:25:45 > 0:25:48and as hard as you can, just blow out of your left one.
0:25:48 > 0:25:50This is the important bit.
0:25:50 > 0:25:52When you breathe back in again,
0:25:52 > 0:25:55don't breathe in through your nose, breathe back into your mouth.
0:25:55 > 0:25:58So going to do something like this, OK?
0:26:01 > 0:26:03Off you go then.
0:26:05 > 0:26:07Keep going.
0:26:07 > 0:26:10- Blow as hard as you can. - We could be here a while.
0:26:11 > 0:26:15As you saw when we were sneezing, your nose and mouth are connected.
0:26:15 > 0:26:18It is a maze of passages and cavities, linking
0:26:18 > 0:26:21your nostrils to each other and your ears to your nose and throat.
0:26:21 > 0:26:23That's why when you're sick,
0:26:23 > 0:26:26sometimes a bit comes out of your nose.
0:26:26 > 0:26:28Gross.
0:26:28 > 0:26:32Meanwhile, back with Rhys, there's still no sign of that nail.
0:26:32 > 0:26:36As hard as you can. That's it. Keep going.
0:26:39 > 0:26:43I never thought I'd be doing this when I came to work this morning.
0:26:43 > 0:26:46Surely it must be out by now. You'd have thought so.
0:26:47 > 0:26:51- Hang fire, we might have success. - It's gone.- You sure?
0:26:51 > 0:26:54- It's made a runner. - Yes, the nail has been nailed.
0:26:54 > 0:26:58Let's get another look up there just to be sure.
0:26:58 > 0:27:03- I can't see anything in his nose. Can you feel anything?- No, I can't.
0:27:03 > 0:27:07Sometimes if you've scratched your nose on the inside you can get
0:27:07 > 0:27:11a sensation that feels like there is something actually inside your nose.
0:27:11 > 0:27:14- You've not got that sensation now? - No, no, it's gone.
0:27:14 > 0:27:16There you have it.
0:27:16 > 0:27:20As for the whereabouts of the missing toenail, nobody knows.
0:27:20 > 0:27:23I'm just happy that I can't feel it, and it should be gone.
0:27:23 > 0:27:26The moral of the story is, don't pick your toenails
0:27:26 > 0:27:28and don't put them up your nose!
0:27:31 > 0:27:36Next time: there's a jaw that's been dislocated.
0:27:36 > 0:27:39I let a bloodsucking leech feed on my arm.
0:27:39 > 0:27:41And which of these two have the largest tonsils?
0:27:41 > 0:27:47We'll find out after surgery. Join us for another Operation Ouch!
0:28:03 > 0:28:06Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd