0:00:23 > 0:00:25He's Dr Chris...
0:00:25 > 0:00:28And he's Dr Xand.
0:00:28 > 0:00:30Yep, we're twins!
0:00:30 > 0:00:35Now's the time to find out just how brilliant your body really is.
0:00:35 > 0:00:38From the ins and outs of what you're made of...
0:00:38 > 0:00:40I've got a poorly finger.
0:00:40 > 0:00:42..to awesome experiments.
0:00:43 > 0:00:46We're turning our bodies inside out...
0:00:46 > 0:00:49and upside down...
0:00:49 > 0:00:53..To show you all the incredible things your body can do.
0:00:53 > 0:00:54Oh, no!
0:00:54 > 0:00:58BOTH: Coming up today on Operation Ouch...
0:00:59 > 0:01:03Chris takes to the skies to discover what makes us travel-sick...
0:01:03 > 0:01:04Uh-oh!
0:01:04 > 0:01:07This man reveals amazing body skills.
0:01:07 > 0:01:10And did you know you spend a third of your life asleep?
0:01:10 > 0:01:13We find out why.
0:01:13 > 0:01:17- But first...- Hospital doctors and nurses always expect the unexpected.
0:01:17 > 0:01:20Let's see how they fix our first patient.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24In Accident & Emergency is 15-year-old Sam,
0:01:24 > 0:01:27a budding boxer suffering with sharp pains in his stomach.
0:01:27 > 0:01:30I've had this pain for quite a few weeks -
0:01:30 > 0:01:32a stabbing, fiery pain.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34That must have been quite a fight!
0:01:34 > 0:01:36Who delivered the killer punch - Amir Khan?
0:01:36 > 0:01:40- No, it didn't happen in a fight, it happened in his sleep.- Right...
0:01:40 > 0:01:42It was night time and Sam was in bed.
0:01:42 > 0:01:45He was fast asleep, dreaming of boxing.
0:01:45 > 0:01:47That's why he's punching, then.
0:01:47 > 0:01:50Yes, but inside his stomach another battle was brewing.
0:01:50 > 0:01:51I can see what's coming.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54'In the red corner, we have the cramps.'
0:01:54 > 0:01:56They look tough.
0:01:56 > 0:01:59'And in the blue corner, it's the stabbing pains.'
0:01:59 > 0:02:01Nice goatie!
0:02:01 > 0:02:04This could be a close fight.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07It was, and it was making Sam pretty uncomfortable.
0:02:07 > 0:02:09He doesn't look too good.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12The longer the fight went on, the worse the pain got,
0:02:12 > 0:02:14- until it was too much and he woke up.- Ouch.
0:02:14 > 0:02:16Off to hospital for Sam.
0:02:16 > 0:02:20I don't want it to get in the way of my next fight.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Your next fight might have to wait, Sam.
0:02:22 > 0:02:25First, you've got to overcome the battle in your belly.
0:02:25 > 0:02:27Meet Dr Eni Folaranmi.
0:02:27 > 0:02:29He'll check our patient out.
0:02:29 > 0:02:32Does it hurt here? Or does it hurt here?
0:02:32 > 0:02:35This is one, and this is two.
0:02:35 > 0:02:38- Two.- Two. OK.- Number two.
0:02:38 > 0:02:41Remember that - bit of a clue.
0:02:41 > 0:02:45To find out what's going on, Dr Eni sends Sam for an X-ray.
0:02:45 > 0:02:48And after a quick snapshot the results are in.
0:02:48 > 0:02:52Looking at it, he's got lots of faeces - poo - in his colon...
0:02:52 > 0:02:53Poo?!
0:02:53 > 0:02:55..and in his rectum...
0:02:55 > 0:02:58Yep, all these areas are full of poo.
0:02:58 > 0:03:03Sam is severely constipated, so he really needs to go to the loo.
0:03:03 > 0:03:04You're really bunged up.
0:03:04 > 0:03:07- And he doesn't mean your nose. - You've got poo all over your colon.
0:03:07 > 0:03:10Your discomfort might be because you're constipated
0:03:10 > 0:03:12I can't believe it's poo!
0:03:12 > 0:03:13You'd better believe it, Mum.
0:03:13 > 0:03:17In fact, constipation is one of the most common causes
0:03:17 > 0:03:19- of a sore stomach. - To get rid of the pain
0:03:19 > 0:03:20we need to get rid of that poo.
0:03:20 > 0:03:24Time for the world champion of poo-fighting medicine - the enema.
0:03:26 > 0:03:28An enema flushes fluid into Sam's large intestine
0:03:28 > 0:03:33to soften up the blockage and help Sam have a heavyweight poo.
0:03:34 > 0:03:36Let's hope this gets things moving.
0:03:38 > 0:03:42Well, after a night in hospital, have we had any success?
0:03:42 > 0:03:44He managed to go to the toilet,
0:03:44 > 0:03:46but the pain in his tummy is still very severe.
0:03:46 > 0:03:50I've been up most of the night. That stabbing and fiery pain came back.
0:03:50 > 0:03:53It looks like there'll be more treatment,
0:03:53 > 0:03:57so we'll be back for round two of Sam versus the poo later on.
0:04:01 > 0:04:04And now to our lab, where we put our bodies to the test
0:04:04 > 0:04:07to show you how your body works.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09Ow, that really hurt.
0:04:09 > 0:04:11Just don't try anything like this at home.
0:04:11 > 0:04:13Today, it's travel-sickness.
0:04:13 > 0:04:18Now, don't worry, Xand's not attempting to dance,
0:04:18 > 0:04:21he's spinning on the spot but it is for a reason.
0:04:21 > 0:04:24Inside his inner ear, Xand's got tubes full of fluid
0:04:24 > 0:04:27that send information to his brain about balance and movement.
0:04:27 > 0:04:31And when I stop, the fluid keeps moving.
0:04:31 > 0:04:34And this fools his brain into thinking he's still moving.
0:04:34 > 0:04:37With the fluid in Xand's ears telling him he's moving,
0:04:37 > 0:04:39but his eyes telling him he's still,
0:04:39 > 0:04:42his brain is totally confused. And the result...
0:04:42 > 0:04:43I feel a bit sick.
0:04:43 > 0:04:46If you feel sick in a car
0:04:46 > 0:04:49that's because your brain is confused too.
0:04:49 > 0:04:53As you travel, your eyes notice everything passing by quickly
0:04:53 > 0:04:55and tell your brain you're moving.
0:04:55 > 0:04:57But because you're sitting still in the car
0:04:57 > 0:05:00your ears think you're not moving at all.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03And these mixed messages don't just happen in cars.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06But I'm about to take travel-sickness to another level.
0:05:07 > 0:05:10This aerial display team specialises in aerobatic moves
0:05:10 > 0:05:14that will be way more confusing for Chris' brain
0:05:14 > 0:05:17than when I turned on the spot or you travel in a car.
0:05:17 > 0:05:19Mwa-ha-ha-ha!
0:05:19 > 0:05:20Do I have to do this?
0:05:20 > 0:05:22Yes, Chris, you do.
0:05:22 > 0:05:23Meet Mark Cutmore.
0:05:23 > 0:05:27He's the pilot who's going to take Chris up for a spin.
0:05:27 > 0:05:29You might think it's an odd time for lunch,
0:05:29 > 0:05:32but that sarnie should help to settle his stomach
0:05:32 > 0:05:33for the flight ahead.
0:05:33 > 0:05:37I'm wondering if I'll be seeing the tuna and mayonnaise sandwich again
0:05:37 > 0:05:39over the cockpit window in a few minutes.
0:05:39 > 0:05:40We'll soon find out.
0:05:40 > 0:05:44Safety gear on, it's time for Chris to take his seat.
0:05:44 > 0:05:46Sick bag.
0:05:46 > 0:05:49- We call it a comfort bag. - A comfort bag!
0:05:49 > 0:05:51Come on, Chris - up you go!
0:05:52 > 0:05:55And they're off.
0:05:57 > 0:06:00Chris is travelling at speeds of up to 250 mph
0:06:00 > 0:06:03and so far he seems to be doing OK.
0:06:03 > 0:06:06But let's bring on the crazy moves and see how he copes
0:06:06 > 0:06:09once his eyes and ears start confusing his brain.
0:06:13 > 0:06:15This is a very unpleasant sensation.
0:06:15 > 0:06:19Human beings are not meant to be upside down.
0:06:21 > 0:06:23Ooh, the pit of my stomach.
0:06:23 > 0:06:26The tuna sandwich! It will stay down.
0:06:26 > 0:06:28Now, in a situation like this,
0:06:28 > 0:06:30clearly Chris' eyes can see he is moving
0:06:30 > 0:06:32and the fluid in his ears is moving too.
0:06:32 > 0:06:34So why does he feel sick?
0:06:34 > 0:06:37Oh, wow. I have no idea what's going on.
0:06:37 > 0:06:40There are so many different movements happening
0:06:40 > 0:06:41at such high speed
0:06:41 > 0:06:44his eyes and ears are failing to send the same messages
0:06:44 > 0:06:46at the same time to his brain.
0:06:46 > 0:06:50They're out of time with each other and that's why he feels sick.
0:06:50 > 0:06:51Uh-oh!
0:06:51 > 0:06:52Mwa-ha-ha-ha!
0:06:52 > 0:06:55As we touched down,
0:06:55 > 0:06:59I was definitely feeling the tuna sandwich returning for revenge.
0:06:59 > 0:07:02I mean, at the end I did feel sick, I'm not going to lie.
0:07:02 > 0:07:04I was very pleased to be back on the ground.
0:07:04 > 0:07:08At least you've managed to keep your lunch down though, Chris.
0:07:08 > 0:07:11But if you get travel-sick, you can stop your brain getting confused.
0:07:11 > 0:07:12Don't look down
0:07:12 > 0:07:15and try looking out of the window at a fixed spot on the horizon.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17This will mean your eyes and ears
0:07:17 > 0:07:20are sending the same messages to your brain
0:07:20 > 0:07:23and you shouldn't feel sick.
0:07:26 > 0:07:31We're going on call with the UK's emergency services,
0:07:31 > 0:07:34heading into the thick of the action to help save lives.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37Now it's Chris' turn on the front line.
0:07:37 > 0:07:41This is a West Midlands Ambulance Service rapid response vehicle
0:07:41 > 0:07:45the paramedics who drive these are on call 24/7,
0:07:45 > 0:07:48always ready for extreme medical emergencies.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52This fast medical service takes thousands of 999 calls every day.
0:07:52 > 0:07:54If you have a serious accident
0:07:54 > 0:07:58then they're the people you'd want to come to your rescue.
0:07:58 > 0:08:01On call with me today is paramedic Ben White.
0:08:01 > 0:08:05Just got a call to see a 23-year-old girl who's got chest pain.
0:08:05 > 0:08:09Chest pain is something that can have really, really serious causes.
0:08:09 > 0:08:12So Ben, as well as negotiating his way through the traffic,
0:08:12 > 0:08:14is thinking about all the different things this might be,
0:08:14 > 0:08:17all the causes and how he'll manage it.
0:08:17 > 0:08:21And I've got my camera to get you as close as possible.
0:08:21 > 0:08:25We arrive at the scene just a few minutes after the call was made
0:08:25 > 0:08:27and our patient is having problems breathing.
0:08:27 > 0:08:30What's actually been happening today then?
0:08:30 > 0:08:32- I've been up since quarter to seven this morning.- Yeah.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34- With chronic chest pain.- Right.
0:08:34 > 0:08:39And they've got worse in the last, say, about half an hour.
0:08:39 > 0:08:43- Okay-dokey.- Kyrie, since she woke up, has had really bad chest pain.
0:08:43 > 0:08:46So Ben's just having a listen to see if we can work out
0:08:46 > 0:08:49if this is something that needs to go to hospital or not.
0:08:49 > 0:08:51Your chest sounds a little bit wheezy.
0:08:51 > 0:08:53'Ben gets Kyrie to blow into a monitor
0:08:53 > 0:08:56'that measures the air flowing out of her lungs.'
0:08:56 > 0:08:58I could hear that it was a bit wheezy,
0:08:58 > 0:09:00that indicated that the breathing passages
0:09:00 > 0:09:02are a bit constricted and closed up
0:09:02 > 0:09:05and that's what is causing the wheezing noise that I can hear.
0:09:05 > 0:09:07So now we're going to give her a nebuliser,
0:09:07 > 0:09:10which is a mist of drug that can penetrate right down into the lungs,
0:09:10 > 0:09:14open up the breathing passages, and hopefully she'll feel better,
0:09:14 > 0:09:17- less pain and easier breathing. - How do you feel at the moment?
0:09:17 > 0:09:20- Does it feel any easier? - A little bit.- A little bit.
0:09:20 > 0:09:23'While the nebuliser gets to work, Ben monitors Kyrie's heart rate
0:09:23 > 0:09:26'to make sure there's nothing else wrong.
0:09:26 > 0:09:29Looking at your ECG, there's nothing abnormal on there
0:09:29 > 0:09:32that indicates the pain's coming due to a problem with your heart.
0:09:32 > 0:09:35That is a normal recording of your heart. It's in good shape.
0:09:35 > 0:09:38Kyrie, I'm a bit concerned that you still seem quite short of breath.
0:09:38 > 0:09:41I'm concerned that if we leave and she's still short of breath
0:09:41 > 0:09:43that may need to be checked out in A&E
0:09:43 > 0:09:46just to rule out another cause of the breathing problem.
0:09:48 > 0:09:53To get Kyrie to hospital for further tests, an ambulance crew arrive.
0:09:53 > 0:09:56She's a lot better than when we arrived, she's comfortable,
0:09:56 > 0:09:58but she's still got chest pain.
0:09:58 > 0:09:59We're pretty sure it's not the heart
0:09:59 > 0:10:02but there are other serious things that it can be.
0:10:02 > 0:10:06So she's going to go to hospital and have things properly checked out.
0:10:06 > 0:10:09And with Kyrie in good hands, we get ready for our next call.
0:10:09 > 0:10:13With hundreds of rapid response crews like this on standby,
0:10:13 > 0:10:16it means that if you have an emergency
0:10:16 > 0:10:19medical care can be with you in minutes.
0:10:21 > 0:10:26Still to come - we get wired up, to find out why we need to sleep.
0:10:26 > 0:10:29I go on duty in the Accident & Emergency department.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32And we show you another amazing body trick.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35- You think I can do it? - ALL: No!
0:10:37 > 0:10:38Now, did you know
0:10:38 > 0:10:42there are 100,000 miles of blood vessels in your brain?
0:10:42 > 0:10:45That's enough to go around the Earth four times.
0:10:45 > 0:10:47Wow, that's amazing. And so is this.
0:10:49 > 0:10:50In an ordinary city,
0:10:50 > 0:10:54high above the streets, lies a deserted urban playground
0:10:54 > 0:10:57awaiting a prime performance.
0:10:57 > 0:10:59Ready to see some serious skills?
0:11:01 > 0:11:07This is John Farnworth, and he's a football freestyling genius.
0:11:07 > 0:11:09He holds five world records
0:11:09 > 0:11:13and can do 107 shin keepy-uppies in a minute.
0:11:13 > 0:11:16His specialities also include...
0:11:16 > 0:11:18- Toe keepy-uppies... - Around The World...
0:11:18 > 0:11:20The side-to-side on head...
0:11:20 > 0:11:23And heel keepy-uppies...
0:11:23 > 0:11:26This keepy-uppy king trains for more than 40 hours a week
0:11:26 > 0:11:28and he's completed the London Marathon
0:11:28 > 0:11:31whilst keeping the ball in the air.
0:11:31 > 0:11:34So how does John's amazing body do this?
0:11:34 > 0:11:37Believe it or not, the secret to John's success lies in his brain.
0:11:37 > 0:11:39Certain tricks are harder than others,
0:11:39 > 0:11:42but they all require a lot of concentration to do.
0:11:42 > 0:11:46When it comes to the brain, up front is the big lad, the cerebrum.
0:11:46 > 0:11:51That's what allows you to think, make decisions and learn.
0:11:51 > 0:11:53The cerebrum houses the motor cortex.
0:11:53 > 0:11:55It's the midfield maestro, pulling all the strings,
0:11:55 > 0:12:00telling our muscles to move when we want them to.
0:12:00 > 0:12:02Playing at the back - the cerebellum.
0:12:02 > 0:12:04Crucial for balance and co-ordination,
0:12:04 > 0:12:06it's the big-match player
0:12:06 > 0:12:09with the vital role in everything you're seeing right now.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11Now, that's amazing.
0:12:11 > 0:12:14Can we have our ball back, please, mister?
0:12:17 > 0:12:20Xand, that is not amazing!
0:12:20 > 0:12:23Let's go back to the Accident & Emergency department
0:12:23 > 0:12:27and meet our patient from earlier.
0:12:27 > 0:12:30Back in Manchester, budding boxer Sam is in hospital
0:12:30 > 0:12:31with a troublesome tummy.
0:12:31 > 0:12:34He'd been fast asleep, dreaming of a boxing victory.
0:12:34 > 0:12:35Watch out for his fists!
0:12:35 > 0:12:38But a battle was brewing in his belly.
0:12:38 > 0:12:40I wouldn't mess with them.
0:12:40 > 0:12:42As the stabbing pains took hold,
0:12:42 > 0:12:44Sam woke up with a seriously sore stomach.
0:12:44 > 0:12:47X-rays revealed Sam was severely constipated
0:12:47 > 0:12:50and basically needed a big poo.
0:12:50 > 0:12:53He's managed to have one, but a second X-ray shows
0:12:53 > 0:12:56there's still plenty of poo to come out.
0:12:56 > 0:12:58They've cleared the left side,
0:12:58 > 0:13:00but now there's a load of poo on the right side.
0:13:00 > 0:13:03Enter Dr Alex Turner,
0:13:03 > 0:13:05a man with a plan to banish that blockage for good.
0:13:05 > 0:13:08I'm going to insert a nasogastric tube.
0:13:08 > 0:13:11So that's a tube that's going to pass down the nose
0:13:11 > 0:13:13and into the stomach
0:13:13 > 0:13:15so we can administer a special medicine.
0:13:15 > 0:13:19This tube means the medicine can get straight to the poo,
0:13:19 > 0:13:22soften it up, and hopefully help Sam go to the loo.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25So, with the medicine making its way to the pile-up
0:13:25 > 0:13:27there's only one thing left to do - wait.
0:13:27 > 0:13:29# Time goes by So slowly... #
0:13:29 > 0:13:31- Any luck?- Not so much as a sniff.
0:13:33 > 0:13:34Any joy?
0:13:34 > 0:13:36No. I think we might be here a while.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38Come on, Sam! Still nothing?
0:13:38 > 0:13:42- No.- How many times has he tried to go?
0:13:42 > 0:13:43I've lost count.
0:13:43 > 0:13:47Several toilet trips later - do we have a result?
0:13:47 > 0:13:50- Thank goodness for that. - Hooray - it's a knockout!
0:13:50 > 0:13:53The poo has come at last.
0:13:53 > 0:13:54The big poo.
0:13:54 > 0:13:58I feel great, the poo has finally come out.
0:13:58 > 0:14:00I bet, it was one big blockage!
0:14:00 > 0:14:03We've got to really watch now what Sam eats.
0:14:03 > 0:14:06He's got to cut down on his sweets and fizzy pop.
0:14:06 > 0:14:10- Pizzas, burgers, cheeseburgers. - And drink plenty of water.
0:14:10 > 0:14:12So if you want to do doo-doo,
0:14:12 > 0:14:17- don't, don't eat too much junk. - I can't wait to get back to boxing.
0:14:22 > 0:14:25We've got loads of amazing body tricks to show you.
0:14:25 > 0:14:29Here's how to stop your friends from simply moving a leg.
0:14:29 > 0:14:32I'll show you that I can stop Chris using his leg
0:14:32 > 0:14:36without even touching him, that's how strong I am.
0:14:36 > 0:14:39- Do you think I can do it? - ALL: No.
0:14:39 > 0:14:43- Never!- So I'll get Chris to put his left foot against the wall -
0:14:43 > 0:14:47flat up against the wall, so even the heel is against the wall.
0:14:47 > 0:14:51Then I'll get him to push his ear against the wall...
0:14:51 > 0:14:55- This isn't going to work. - It'll work really well. Look at me.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58- Get your ear up against the wall as hard as you can.- OK.
0:14:58 > 0:15:01Come on, lift your leg, let's go.
0:15:01 > 0:15:05ALL: Chris, Chris, Chris, Chris,
0:15:05 > 0:15:08- Chris... - See, I told you it would work.
0:15:08 > 0:15:12Chris can't lift his right leg at all.
0:15:12 > 0:15:14- Chris, Chris, Chris.- Argh!
0:15:14 > 0:15:17OK, can you lot do any better?
0:15:18 > 0:15:22- I did it!- No, your ear came away from the wall, Amelia.
0:15:22 > 0:15:25You have to keep your ear on the wall. Go.
0:15:26 > 0:15:28What do you think is going on here?
0:15:28 > 0:15:31You have to be able to lean to one side to balance,
0:15:31 > 0:15:34but the wall is blocking you to lean to one side.
0:15:34 > 0:15:36- Very good explanation.- Very good.
0:15:36 > 0:15:40To lift your left leg off the ground, your bodyweight has to
0:15:40 > 0:15:45shift directly over your right leg to keep your body balanced,
0:15:45 > 0:15:49but the wall gets in the way, meaning your leg can't go anywhere.
0:15:49 > 0:15:52Give it a try and see if you can impress your mates.
0:15:56 > 0:16:00We've seen lots of patients coming into the hospital.
0:16:00 > 0:16:04It's been a few years since I worked in Accident & Emergency,
0:16:04 > 0:16:09but I'm going on duty at the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
0:16:09 > 0:16:12emergency department with Professor Simon Carley.
0:16:12 > 0:16:16Open 24/7, this department sees more patients an hour
0:16:16 > 0:16:19than any other part of the hospital.
0:16:19 > 0:16:23This casualty is 15-year-old Joe, who's been in a bike accident.
0:16:23 > 0:16:28Joe's come in by ambulance. He was cycling down a hill really fast,
0:16:28 > 0:16:32his brake didn't work and he crashed into a people carrier.
0:16:32 > 0:16:35No-one in the car was injured, but the car was badly damaged.
0:16:35 > 0:16:38So we have to be careful that
0:16:38 > 0:16:43- he doesn't have serious internal injuries.- One, two, three...
0:16:43 > 0:16:46So Louise is just feeling down Joe's back, making sure
0:16:46 > 0:16:51- he hasn't got any fractures there. - One, two, three...
0:16:53 > 0:16:56- Were you wearing a helmet? - No. That's one thing, kids -
0:16:56 > 0:17:01- wear your helmets.- Are you going to wear a helmet from now on?- Yes.
0:17:01 > 0:17:05- Will you get your brake fixed?- I'll scrap the bike and get a decent one.
0:17:05 > 0:17:10So far in the contest of Joe versus the car, Joe's in a good mood and
0:17:10 > 0:17:14hasn't any obvious injuries, so at the moment, it's Joe one, car nil.
0:17:14 > 0:17:19Next, we have to check for internal injuries with an ultrasound machine.
0:17:19 > 0:17:22We're looking for any blood there. That shows up as black.
0:17:22 > 0:17:27I can't see any at the moment, so that's good news.
0:17:27 > 0:17:31The ultrasound scan of Joe's internal organs is normal,
0:17:31 > 0:17:33so that's Joe two, car nil.
0:17:33 > 0:17:36We'll take Joe to X-ray, where we'll take
0:17:36 > 0:17:40pictures of his bones and ear, to see if any of the bones
0:17:40 > 0:17:44that are tender are actually broken.
0:17:44 > 0:17:49We'll take pictures of Joe's pelvis, so the bones of his hips,
0:17:49 > 0:17:53we'll then take pictures of his spine and his chest,
0:17:53 > 0:17:55then the spine, up to his neck.
0:17:55 > 0:17:58OK, Joe, that's that picture done.
0:17:58 > 0:18:02What we're trying to do here is get a picture of the spine
0:18:02 > 0:18:06just at the back of his skull, so to photograph it well,
0:18:06 > 0:18:10he needs to open his mouth and take a picture of the vertebra there.
0:18:10 > 0:18:13- It's hard with this. - I know, it's very hard,
0:18:13 > 0:18:16- but you're doing superb. - Good lad. That's done.
0:18:16 > 0:18:20Professor Simon takes a careful look at Joe's X-rays.
0:18:20 > 0:18:24I think those look OK. We will also get the radiologists,
0:18:24 > 0:18:27who spend all their time looking at X-rays and are expert at that.
0:18:27 > 0:18:29They'll look at these too, and all being well,
0:18:29 > 0:18:33- we'll take everything off and get him set up.- Brilliant. His mum said
0:18:33 > 0:18:36- he was made of steel, she might be right.- Might be.
0:18:36 > 0:18:40Are you surprised that we've got a smashed-up people carrier
0:18:40 > 0:18:44- and a perfectly well 15-year-old boy?- I am a bit surprised,
0:18:44 > 0:18:47but I'm also quite pleased, really.
0:18:47 > 0:18:50Astonishingly, Joe's X-rays are completely normal.
0:18:50 > 0:18:52That is Joe three, car nil.
0:18:52 > 0:18:54- Ready to go home?- Yeah.
0:18:54 > 0:18:59- So in the man versus car contest, we have a winner.- Yeah.- Ha-ha!
0:18:59 > 0:19:02Great result, but it's been a lucky escape for Joe,
0:19:02 > 0:19:07things could have been a lot worse, so make sure you wear that helmet!
0:19:10 > 0:19:12Ever wondered why you have to go to sleep?
0:19:12 > 0:19:17Ever heard someone snore so loudly, the room rumbles?
0:19:17 > 0:19:20LOUD SNORING
0:19:20 > 0:19:22We're about to tell you why.
0:19:22 > 0:19:26This is a case for Investigation Ouch!
0:19:26 > 0:19:29You spend a third of your life doing nothing.
0:19:29 > 0:19:32I'd hardly call picking my nose nothing.
0:19:32 > 0:19:34I'm not talking about your disgusting habits.
0:19:34 > 0:19:37I'm talking about sleep - all animals do it, including us.
0:19:37 > 0:19:43It's essential for life. So to find out more, we're going to bed.
0:19:43 > 0:19:46To discover what happens when we sleep,
0:19:46 > 0:19:49we're spending the night in this sleep clinic,
0:19:49 > 0:19:53but first, we need to get wired up by a team of sleep experts.
0:19:53 > 0:19:58This will give us information about what our bodies do when we sleep.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00- I suppose you'll also have your bear wired up!- Of course.
0:20:00 > 0:20:04Mr Grumble has a lot of trouble sleeping sometimes.
0:20:04 > 0:20:08Monitoring us will be sleep expert Dr Wahab Dhemech.
0:20:08 > 0:20:12So sleep is not just sleep - there are different types of sleep?
0:20:12 > 0:20:16- Absolutely.- And some types relax your brain and recharge that,
0:20:16 > 0:20:19and other types recharge your body?
0:20:19 > 0:20:22Basically, yes, that's why we need sleep.
0:20:22 > 0:20:24- Night, Chris.- Night, Xand.
0:20:24 > 0:20:27Time for us to sleep. Dr Wahab sets the computers up
0:20:27 > 0:20:31to record the night ahead, and I'm hoping this will prove
0:20:31 > 0:20:34that Xand snores. He's always denied it.
0:20:34 > 0:20:38- Mr Grumbles knows I never snore. - Night, Mr Grumbles.
0:20:40 > 0:20:43In a night, your brain cycles through different
0:20:43 > 0:20:46types of sleep every 90 minutes until you get up.
0:20:46 > 0:20:50You'll start with a light sleep - this lasts around 20 minutes,
0:20:50 > 0:20:54and your breathing and heart rates slows down. You can still be
0:20:54 > 0:20:58easily woken at this stage. Then you fall into a deeper sleep -
0:20:58 > 0:21:01it's at this stage where some people walk or talk in their sleep,
0:21:01 > 0:21:06because their body is still active, even though their brain is resting.
0:21:06 > 0:21:10Then you start REM sleep, which stands for rapid eye movement.
0:21:10 > 0:21:14It's in this stage where your brain is organising itself
0:21:14 > 0:21:18and you'll have dreams, then your body repeats this cycle
0:21:18 > 0:21:22about four or five times in a night.
0:21:22 > 0:21:26Next morning, and it's time to get up.
0:21:26 > 0:21:30Other people say I snore, but I really maintain that I don't.
0:21:30 > 0:21:32I think they're all liars.
0:21:32 > 0:21:36All will be revealed shortly, Xand. I didn't sleep very well at all.
0:21:36 > 0:21:39We're both looking a bit weary. Oh, dear.
0:21:39 > 0:21:43Let's find out why we're both so tired.
0:21:43 > 0:21:47Chris, this line here, that's for when you were awake,
0:21:47 > 0:21:50then here, you slept, that's different sleep stage.
0:21:50 > 0:21:55Here, you were awake, then you slept again and then you were awake.
0:21:55 > 0:22:00In terms of a good night's sleep, I only had, what, 2.5 hours?
0:22:00 > 0:22:05Although I was in bed for six hours, I only was asleep for 2.5.
0:22:05 > 0:22:09That is not enough, and not only does my body feel very tired,
0:22:09 > 0:22:13my brain feels really thick headed and unrested as well.
0:22:13 > 0:22:16- So how did mine compare to Chris's? - You had more sleep.
0:22:16 > 0:22:21- How long did I sleep?- 4.5 hours. - So I got twice as much sleep as you.
0:22:21 > 0:22:25But even four hours isn't enough for your body to rest,
0:22:25 > 0:22:29especially when you're young. Children need at least eight hours
0:22:29 > 0:22:32as you're growing and your body needs to work harder.
0:22:32 > 0:22:37We're adults and can get away with less, but we still feel very tired.
0:22:37 > 0:22:40On dreaming, how do we compare?
0:22:40 > 0:22:45Well, Chris, I don't think you had a dream at all. Xand, you had two.
0:22:45 > 0:22:49Although I had a full sleep cycle, it was pretty restless
0:22:49 > 0:22:53and I just didn't dream, which can happen.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56But look at this section of the graph.
0:22:56 > 0:23:01I had lots of rapid eye movements. This suggests that I was dreaming.
0:23:01 > 0:23:03Were they short dreams, or...?
0:23:03 > 0:23:06One is half an hour, one is half an hour.
0:23:06 > 0:23:10Really, half an hour of dreaming? What about snoring?
0:23:10 > 0:23:12- You did snore.- I did?
0:23:12 > 0:23:15OK, Xand, there's the proof - you do snore.
0:23:15 > 0:23:18- SNORING - Oh, dear!
0:23:18 > 0:23:21- How much of the time was I snoring? - 7% of the night.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24Not everyone snores like me,
0:23:24 > 0:23:28but people who snore can't move air freely through their nose or mouth
0:23:28 > 0:23:31during sleep, so the air vibrates against the relaxed
0:23:31 > 0:23:36muscles in their throat and nose. That's what makes that snoring sound.
0:23:36 > 0:23:40You sleep for a third of your life, but you're not doing nothing,
0:23:40 > 0:23:43you're recharging your brain and your body,
0:23:43 > 0:23:48so if you don't get enough sleep, that'll affect everything you do
0:23:48 > 0:23:51and you'll feel absolutely rubbish.
0:23:54 > 0:23:58How many dreams does the average person have in a year?
0:23:58 > 0:24:00Is it the equivalent of...
0:24:10 > 0:24:12In fact, the answer is B.
0:24:15 > 0:24:19You have 1,460 dreams a year.
0:24:19 > 0:24:21So you could be having
0:24:21 > 0:24:24up to four dreams every night.
0:24:26 > 0:24:29Medical teams always expect the unexpected.
0:24:29 > 0:24:32Let's see how they deal with this patient.
0:24:34 > 0:24:38This is nine-year-old Ellie. She's in hospital with a painful wrist.
0:24:38 > 0:24:41I was wearing high heels that big.
0:24:41 > 0:24:45- Go on...- They're my sister's, I love 'em, they're purple,
0:24:45 > 0:24:49- and they're gorgeous. - Got it, they sound fabulous.
0:24:49 > 0:24:53I had one and my other mate had one, and we were running
0:24:53 > 0:24:56and I was trying to chase after my mate, then we fell.
0:24:56 > 0:24:58Hang on, who had what on?
0:24:58 > 0:25:01Let's get this story straight.
0:25:03 > 0:25:06Ellie was with her friend, trying on clothes.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10- Is that a sandwich?- Yes. Then Ellie spotted her favourite item.
0:25:10 > 0:25:14Her sister's purple high-heeled shoes - fabulous!
0:25:14 > 0:25:18- So she put one on...- Hang on, her mate's put the other one on...
0:25:18 > 0:25:24- Yeah, don't ask. Then they ran down the street.- Er...- Don't ask!
0:25:24 > 0:25:27- All of a sudden...- Watch out!.. - ..Ellie tripped
0:25:27 > 0:25:30and fell onto her hand. Ouch!
0:25:30 > 0:25:35This is how I ended up in the hospital, because of the high heels.
0:25:35 > 0:25:38But they were fabulous, and purple!
0:25:38 > 0:25:39Anyway, let's meet Dr Mark Ansell -
0:25:39 > 0:25:42the man to sort that wrist out.
0:25:42 > 0:25:46- So what's happened?- I was wearing my sister's high heels,
0:25:46 > 0:25:50- I was running down the street and I fell.- Do you mind if I have a look?
0:25:50 > 0:25:53Ooph! So where's it hurt?
0:25:53 > 0:25:57- Like, around here.- Dr Mark will need to examine Ellie's hand
0:25:57 > 0:26:01and wrist thoroughly to find out just what the problem might be.
0:26:01 > 0:26:04I'd say the problem's running in high heels.
0:26:04 > 0:26:08- Heel, she only had one on. - That sore, right here?- Yeah.
0:26:08 > 0:26:11The rest is kind of OK. And a little bit here.
0:26:11 > 0:26:18OK. There's a little bone and she's a bit tender on that.
0:26:18 > 0:26:26I'm going to look at the X-rays and see if we need to fix anything. OK?
0:26:26 > 0:26:28The human hand is made of 27 bones.
0:26:28 > 0:26:32Your fingers alone contain 14 bones called the phalanges,
0:26:32 > 0:26:34then there are five metacarpals
0:26:34 > 0:26:37stretching through your palm
0:26:37 > 0:26:41and eight carpal bones in your wrist, where Ellie is feeling pain.
0:26:41 > 0:26:45The bone I was curious about is this one, the scaphoid.
0:26:45 > 0:26:48There doesn't appear to be anything there and there's
0:26:48 > 0:26:53no gross deformities, so there's not a particularly obvious break.
0:26:53 > 0:26:55Good news for Ellie.
0:26:55 > 0:26:56I've had a look at the X-rays
0:26:56 > 0:27:01and I can't find any obvious break of the bone, or anything.
0:27:01 > 0:27:04In some circumstances, there can be a break that you can't see
0:27:04 > 0:27:07in the first 24 hours. but at the moment,
0:27:07 > 0:27:10that's unlikely, but we'll go on the side of caution.
0:27:10 > 0:27:13To help Ellie's hand heal, she's getting a scaphoid splint.
0:27:13 > 0:27:17You wouldn't happen to have that in purple, would you?
0:27:17 > 0:27:21It's a supporter to hold the thumb in a nice position.
0:27:21 > 0:27:26I'm just glad that they give me that so this might make it better.
0:27:26 > 0:27:30Splinted up, Ellie can head home in some nice sensible shoes.
0:27:30 > 0:27:35Next time... Chris takes a scary ride to find out
0:27:35 > 0:27:37how our bodies cope with fear.
0:27:37 > 0:27:40What will this man be doing?!
0:27:40 > 0:27:45And we go on a journey inside Chris' body to look at his vocal chords.
0:27:45 > 0:27:49We're now going past the back of... Oh, that's really good!
0:27:49 > 0:27:52- So see you next time on... - Operation Ouch!
0:27:56 > 0:28:01Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd